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Water Polo Rules
Water Polo Rules
Game Rules
• Field players must pass, catch, and shoot with only 1 hand. Goalies may use 2 hands within a 5-
meter area of the goal. If the keeper swims forward to join the attack, they too must only use
one hand at a time.
• Taking the ball under water when guarded is a turnover.
• There are three types of fouls in water polo: 'ordinary fouls', which account for the vast majority
of whistle stops during a game; 'major fouls'; and 'penalty fouls'.
o Ordinary fouls include:
▪ Touching the ball with two hands (with the exception of the goalkeeper).
▪ Taking the ball under water when tackled.
▪ Impeding an opponent who is not holding the ball.
▪ Pushing off an opponent.
o Major fouls (also called exclusion fouls or personal fouls) include:
▪ Kicking or striking.
▪ Deliberate splashing in the face.
▪ Interfering with a free throw.
▪ Misconduct or disrespect to the referee.
▪ Holding, sinking, or pulling back an opponent who is not holding the ball.
• Minor fouls occur frequently and result in a free pass. There is no limit to minor fouls.
• After 3 major fouls (ejections), a player may not return to the game.
• The game starts with a swim-off, where the two teams swim to get the ball and start the attack.
The team that gets the ball first is on offense first.
• Wrestle for the ball, but not the player, to win possession without fouling. You can go for the
ball, knocking it out of a player's hands to regain possession. If you hit the ball out or the
player uses two hands to protect it, the ball is yours.