Isaiah Andrei A.

Fernandez

BSED 3-2 MATHSCI

ERTSCI 3200

1. In your own words and understanding, explain what are jet streams.

- Jet streams are the fast-flowing air currents that are usually found in the Earth's

troposphere and are 10 to 15 kilometers in altitude. They are a very long yet narrow

strip of rapid winds that flows from west to east because of the Coriolis effect as it

follows the Earth's rotation and the high difference in temperature. form where the

atmosphere's temperature gradient is strongest, usually between the tropics and

polar air masses. These jet streams also have a significant effect on the Earth's

weather pattern.

2. How do jet streams affect the weather?

- Jet streams significantly affect the Earth's weather pattern by directing the

movement of high-pressure and low-pressure areas, as well as where storms usually

occur. As the jet stream curves, the precipitation and the temperature also fluctuate.

It leads to the weather changing in many areas. As an example, when a jet stream

goes southward, it brings colder areas from polar regions into the tropics that causes

a cooler temperature. On the other hand, when it goes northward, the warmer air

from the tropics remains that causes a warmer temperature in the area. These

dynamics have a significant impact on major weather events that Earth's

experiences.
3. Explain the relationship and interaction of atmosphere and ocean and how these

two systems affect the weather and climate conditions.

- The ocean and the Earth's atmosphere are two interconnected system that impacts

the climate and weather. The atmosphere affects the ocean currents trough trade

winds, it drives the currents in the ocean's circulation patterns. The ocean's

temperature affects the atmosphere's moisture content and pressure system that

impacts the global weather pattern. And the ocean current that are driven by strong

winds, distributes heat across the Earth's ocean, that creates regional climates. The

warm part of the ocean currents transfers heat back to the atmosphere, strengthening

precipitation and storm formations, while the cold air controls the temperature

across coastlines.

4. What is the connection on why we discuss the atmospheric circulations with TCs?

- It is important to study and atmospheric conditions to understand tropical cyclones

formations and affects the Earth. These massive storms forms in the warmer part of

the Earth's ocean near the equator, particularly the Pacific Ocean, this is where

atmospheric cells, like the Hadley, Ferrel, and Polar cells interacts the regulate the

heat and wind distribution across the Earth occurs, the combining of warm moist

air in the surface acts as the fuel to create a cyclone. as warm air rises, it cools and

condenses in the process, it releases heat, thus it creates heavy rainfall. And the flow

on the large-scale atmospheric circulation acts as a guide to where tropical cyclones

occur, thus it influences where they will landfall.

5. What, when, where, why, and how do TCs form?

- Tropical cyclones form on the warmer part of the ocean water when specific reasons

occur. (What), as the ocean's temperature is at least warm or hotter, as it provides

the necessary energy to develop a tropical cyclone. (When), when there's a sufficient

moist content in the atmosphere. (Why), a low-pressure area prevents the cyclone

structure to be destroyed. And (How), as the warm air from the ocean surface rises,

it eventually cools down and condenses that fuels the tropical cyclones growth.

These aligning factors forms a tropical depression. As it travels further into the

ocean it also gathers more energy so it progresses into a tropical storm and

eventually into a typhoon.