Development of the Common Standard Curricula on International Transport and Logistics Basic Training for

ASEAN Member States under Sustainable Human Resource Development in Logistics Services

CHAPTER 4 :
General knowledge of Ships and Vessels
Development of the Common Standard Curricula on International Transport and Logistics Basic Training for
ASEAN Member States under Sustainable Human Resource Development in Logistics Services

IMPORTANT NOTICE
This Training Material is belonging to ASEAN Copyright
Under Development of the Common Standard Curricula on
International Transport and Logistics Basic Training Program
For ASEAN Member States

*Trainers who intend to use this material shall request ASEAN

Secretariat to grant the right of usage directly or through Mr. Somsak
Wisetruangrot –AFFA Logistics Institute
somsakwise@outlook.com
2
Learning Objective
After completion of this training, you should understand the following :

o General knowledge of Ship Particular

o Type of vessels
o Selection of ship for transportation
o Slot sharing of carrier
 Difference between Ship and Vessel
Ship
o A ship is a large ocean going vessel.
o A ship is a sailing vessel that uses wind power or steam power or other man made energy
sources, rigged in such a manner that will allow it to sail and be controlled.
o A ship is a floating vessel that transports cargo in order to earn revenue.

Vessel
o Basically, a vessel is anything that can float and can be steered/moved, either by own means or by
other means (for example – if it is towed).
o Apart from a ship, a floating platform, boats, barges etc can also be called a vessel.

https://shippingandfreightresources
Essential Ship Particulars & commonly used terms
o Registration and tonnage = ship’s nationality and country of registration based on the flag to fly
and the tonnage
o Gross Registered Tonnage (GRT) = ship’s total cubic capacity in terms of 100 cubic feet per ton
o Net Registered Tonnage (NRT) = measured by subtracting the space occupied by machinery and
crew space from GRT
o Grain Capacity = the total capacity of the ship’s cargo spaces and include hatchways, and the
opening of the ship’s deck for lowering cargo
o Bale Capacity = the total amount of underdeck capacity available for packed cargo
o Dead Weight Tonnage(DWT) =represents the vessel’s carrying capacity expressed in weight ton.
The cargo carrying capacity would be the DWT minus the space occupied by bunkers, stores,
water, and provisions
o Loadline = marks on the vessel to indicate the limit up to which the vessel can be loaded without
endangering its safety
Essential Ship Particulars & commonly used terms
o Length Overall (LOA) = the greatest length of the ship, from fore to aft. This length is important
when docking the vessel.
o Beam = the greatest breadth of the ship, from port to starboard
o Draught = the distance from the bottom of the keel to the waterline
o Freeboard = the distance from the waterline to the top of the deck plating at the side of the deck
amidships.
o Displacement = the weight of the ship and all that it contains – cargo, fuel, water, stores, crew
and effects. A ship can have different displacements at different draughts.
o Lightweight = The weight of a ship when empty of stores, fuel, water, crew or their affects.
Ship’s classification
Classification
o It classes the ships in order to ensure that the ships are maintained by the owners in
seaworthy-condition. Classification is important from the point of marine insurance
because a ship with a high classification fetches a lower insurance premium than a ship with
lower classification.
o Some of major classification societies are :
Types of vessel
o Liner vessel
work to a fixed schedule, sail on specific dates
between predetermined group of ports,
irrespective of whether they have a full load of
cargo
o Tramp vessels
sails only when there is a sufficient quantity of
cargo on board, they do not operate on fixed
sailing schedule, usually carry cargo in bulk
o Container vessel
especially constructed and fitted to handle and
transport containerized cargo
o Conventional or break bulk ship
characterized by large open hatches and fitted
with boom-and-winch gears or deck cranes
o RO/RO (Roll On/Roll Off) ship
designed to carry automobiles and heavy trucks as
their primarily cargo
o LASH (The Lighter Aboard Ship) ship
a single-decked vessel with large hatches, wing
tank arrangements, and clear access to the stern
Types of vessel
o Bulk carrier
normally tramp vessel which are chartered for
a single voyage, or for transporting seasonal
cargo such as grain, ore, and coal
o Oil tanker
the largest of all ocean-going transport vessels,
having two categories of VLCC (Very Large
Crude Carriers) with the size of 280,000 DWT
and ULCC (Ultra Large Crude Carriers)with the
size of 360,000 DWT and above
o LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas)/LPG (Liquefied
Petroleum Gas) tanker
are solely used for the transportation of
liquefied gas, specially constructed to carry in
special pressured tanks
o Coaster
used in those parts of the world where the
volume of cargo is relatively small, for example,
the coastal trade between West and East
Malaysia
o Feeder ship
used to ferry the containers from the ships into
the smaller, shallower ports surrounding a
major transport port, vice versa
o Other special types of ships, such as Heavy Lift
Carriers, Livestock Carriers, Oil Rig Supply
Boat, Reefer/Fruit carriers, Car Carriers, Tug
Boats
Selection of Ship for Transportation
Factors determining the choice of services
o Regularity of services
o Speed of transport
o Cost of transport
o Reliability of services
o Status and liability
Slot Sharing of Carrier
Slot sharing of carrier or VSA (Vessel Sharing Agreement)
o A vessel sharing agreement is usually reached between various container shipping lines who agree to
operate a liner service along a specified route using a specified number of vessels.
o It is not necessary for each of the partners to have equal number of vessels. The space that is available
for loading and discharging at each of the ports of call is shared between the partners..
o The quantum of space that each partner gets may vary from port to port and could depend on the
number of vessels which are operated or placed by the different partners within the agreement.
o A vessel sharing agreement is slightly different to that of an alliance in that, a vessel sharing agreement is
usually dedicated to a certain trade route with terms and conditions specific to that route, whereas an
alliance is more global in nature and could include many different trade routes usually under the same
terms.
Any Questions ?

CHAPTER 4 :
General knowledge of Ships and Vessels