Defences

The defence of illegality expresses not so much a principle as a policy. Furthermore, that policy is not based
upon a single justification but on a group of reasons, which vary in different situations (Lord Hoffmann, Gray v
Thames Trains Ltd [2009]). Discuss with reference to relevant case law.

‘ex turpi causa non oritur actio’

Gray

Tinsley v Milligan

Patel v Mirza; Allen v Hounga

Ashton v Turner

Joyce v O’Brien; Beaumont v Ferrer

Gray; Clunis; Henderson.

Delaney v Pickett

Les Laboratoires Serviers v Apotex; Flint v Tittensor and Smith v Flinch.

Apotex

Flint