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Trend Issue PC in Cancer Patient, Endah
Trend Issue PC in Cancer Patient, Endah
www.nursing.ub.ac.id
Universitas Brawijaya
Learning Outcome
Cancer prevalence
Palliative care In cancer
Pain in palliative context
Determining palliative care
Palliative care in Indonesia
www.nursing.ub.ac.id Page 2
Departemen Keperawatan Universitas Brawijaya
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
Cancer Prevalence
www.nursing.ub.ac.id Page 3
Cancer Patient in Indonesia
(IARC, 2020)
www.nursing.ub.ac.id Page 4
Departemen Keperawatan Universitas Brawijaya
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
Case study …
• Seorang perempuan usia 52 tahun, diagnose medis: kanker payudara metastasis tulang.
Pasien mengeluh nyeri di payudara kiri yang dirasakan semakin meningkat. Terdapat luka di
payudara kiri dengan diameter sekitar 10 cm tidak berbatas tegas dan mudah berdarah,
balutan luka merembes dan warna dasar luka merah terang, bau khas, kulit sekitar luka
tampak kering. Selain itu terdapat luka di aksila kiri hingga punggung kiri atas dengan warna
dasar luka merah muda. Luka dirasakan sering terasa gatal. Pasien adalah penyintas stroke
1,5 tahun yang lalu dengan riwayat hipertensi kronis tidak terkontrol sejak 5 tahun terakhir.
Ekstrimitas sebelah kiri mengalami kelemahan sejak serangan stroke 1,5 tahun lalu dan saat
di rumah pasien masih menggunakan kursi roda untuk mobilisasi. Saat ini pasien juga
mengeluh bengkak di lengan kiri yang dirasakan semakin memberat sejak 3 minggu terakhir.
Saat di rumah setiap hari pasien minum obat pereda nyeri (mefinal) sehari 3 kali. Pasien
tidak dirujuk ke RS karena keluarga tidak mengijinkan meskipun kondisi semakin
memburuk.
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Departemen Keperawatan Universitas Brawijaya
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
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Departemen Keperawatan Universitas Brawijaya
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
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Departemen Keperawatan Universitas Brawijaya
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
Palliative Care ….
An approach that improves the quality of life of patients (adult and
children) and their families facing the problems associated with life
threatening illness, through the prevention and relief of suffering by
means of early identification and impeccable assessment and
treatment of pain and other problems, physical, psychosocial and
spiritual.
(WHO, 2002)
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Departemen Keperawatan Universitas Brawijaya
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
Palliative Care ….
• Palliative care is the active total care of patients whose disease is not
responsive to curative treatment. Control of pain, symptoms, and
psychological, social and spiritual problems is paramount.
• To improve the quality of life of patients with life-threatening illness and their
families.
• The goal of palliative care has been described as helping people die with
dignity.
• Palliative care is an urgent humanitarian need with advance stages of cancer,
particularly in developing countries, when the treatment is no longer
effective.
• No treat the disease but treat the patient
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(Brighton LJ and Bristowe K, 2016)
Departemen Keperawatan Universitas Brawijaya
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
Palliative Care ….
improves the quality of life
for patients who are facing serious illness
as well as for their family and friends.
Goal of care: Maintain quality of life; avoid
prolongation of dying
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Departemen Keperawatan Universitas Brawijaya
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
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Departemen Keperawatan Universitas Brawijaya
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
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Departemen Keperawatan Universitas Brawijaya
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
www.nursing.ub.ac.id Page 13
Departemen Keperawatan Universitas Brawijaya
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
Quality of Life
Quality of life is individuals perception of their position in life taken in
the context of the culture and value systems where they live and in
relation to their goals, expectations, standars, and concerns.
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Departemen Keperawatan Universitas Brawijaya
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
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Departemen Keperawatan Universitas Brawijaya
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
Symptoms Prevalence in
Cancer, CHF,
COPD,Neurodegenerative PC
www.nursing.ub.ac.id Page 16
Departemen Keperawatan Universitas Brawijaya
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
Pain
Pain is ….
Social
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Departemen Keperawatan Universitas Brawijaya
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
www.nursing.ub.ac.id Page 18
Departemen Keperawatan Universitas Brawijaya
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
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Universitas
Brawijaya
Penapisan paliatif
Modifikasi penyakit dasar,
komorbid dan status fungsional
pasien.
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Departemen Keperawatan Universitas Brawijaya
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
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Departemen Keperawatan Universitas Brawijaya
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
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Departemen Keperawatan Universitas Brawijaya
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
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Apa yang akan diselesaikan dalam kasus
paliatif??
Comfort, nyeri dan masalah fisik lainnya
Psikososial
Pengambilan Keputusan
Persiapan kematian
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Departemen Keperawatan Universitas Brawijaya
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
www.nursing.ub.ac.id Page 28
Nursing Challenge
The challenge of nurse involved in end
of life care is how to combine the art
and science into cohesive approach
that reflect individuality, choice, dignity
and compassion in whatever
environtment care take place.
Quality of life; good
death; dignity
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Departemen Keperawatan - Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan – Universitas Brawijaya
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Reference:
- Brighton LJ and Bristowe K. 2016. Postgrade Med Journal; 92: 466-470.
Frank D, Farries et al. 2009. Jornal Clinical Oncology: 27: 3052-3058.
- Mangku G, Senapathi TGA. 2017. Buku ajar ilmu anesthesia dan reanimasi. Jakarta:
indeks.
- Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan RI. 2007. Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan RI tentang
Kebijakan Perawatan Paliatif Menteri Kesehatan RI.
- Butterworth JF et al. 2013. Clinical anesthesiology 5th ed. New York: Mc. Graw Hill.
- Charles Kemp. 2010. Klien Sakit Terminal Edisi 2 Seri Asuhan Keperawatan. Jakarta:
EGC.
- Effendy C. 2022. Perawatan Paliatif Pada Pasien Covid-19. Gajah Mada University
Press.
- World Health Organization. 2018. Integrating palliative care and symptom relief into
response to humanitarian emergencies and crises: a WHO guide.
www.nursing.ub.ac.id Page 31