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 WHAT IS POLYNOMIAL ?
Mathematics, a polynomial is an expression consisting of coefficients
variables which are also known as indeterminate.
the name suggests poly means many and nominal means terms,
ce a polynomial means many terms.
ynomials are generally a sum or difference of variables and
onents.
h part of the polynomial is known as a “term”.
ynomial examples - 4x2+3x−7
 Types of Polynomials
ious types of Polynomials based on the number of terms that the polynomial has been,
Types Definition Representation Example

Constant A polynomial of
f(x) = k f(x) = 2
Polynomials degree Zero

Linear A polynomial of g(x) = ax + b, a ≠

g(x) = 2x + 1
Polynomials degree One 0

Quadratic A polynomial of h(x) = ax2 + bx +

h(x) = 2x2 − 2x + 4
Polynomials degree Two c, a ≠ 0

Cubic A polynomial of p(x) = ax3 + bx2 + p(x) = 3x3 + 4x2 +

Polynomials degree Three cx + d, a ≠ 0 5x + 2

Bi-Quadratic A polynomial of q(x) = ax4 + bx3 + q(x) = 5x4 + 3x3 +

Polynomials degree Four cx2 + dx + e, a ≠ 0 2x2 + 4x + 1
 DEGREE OF A POLYNOMIAL
e highest exponent of the variable in the algebraic expression is called Degree of
lynomial.
e examples of the degree of polynomials:
+ 3x +1 is a polynomials of degree 2 in the variable x.
+ 2y2 + 4y + 1 is a polynomials of degree 3 in the variable y.
ynomials in standard form can also be referred to as the standard form of a
nomial which means writing a polynomial in the descending order of the
r of the variable.

write a polynomial in a standard form, the degree of the polynomial is

rtant as in the standard form of a polynomial, the terms are written in
asing order of the power of x.

standard form of a quadratic polynomial p(x) = ax2 + bx + c, where a, b,

are real numbers, and a ≠ 0..
 Zeros of a Polynomial
We say that x = a is the zero of the polynomial if P(x) = 0 at that point. The
rocess of finding zero is basically the process of finding out the solutions of any
olynomial equation.

xample: Find the zeros of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = x2 + 7x + 12.

olution:
First, find the factor of x2 + 7x +12.
x2 + 7x + 12 = x2 + (4 + 3)x + 12
= x2 + 4x +3x + 12
= x (x + 4) + 3 (x + 4)
= (x + 3)(x + 4)
o, f(x) = (x + 3)(x + 4)
eros of polynomial f(x) are given by f(x) = 0.
x + 3)(x + 4) = 0
= −4 or x = −3
herefore, the zeros of f(x) are −4 and −3.
ELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ZEROES AND COEFFICIENT OF A
OLYNOMIAL.
athematics, algebraic expression with many terms is called a polynomial. We know that,
ding on the degree of the polynomial, the polynomial can be classified into different types,
s linear polynomial (x), quadratic polynomial (x2), and cubic polynomial (x3), and so on.
he degree of the polynomial, we can easily determine the zeros of a polynomial.

relationship between the zeros of the quadratic polynomial and the coefficient of the
tic polynomial is,
y polynomial P(x) = ax2 + bx + c if the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial are α, and β

f the zeroes (α + β) = – Coefficient of x / Coefficient of x2 = -b/a

ct of the zeroes (αβ) = Constant term / Coefficient of x2 = c/a
 What mean sum of root and product of root?

Polynomial: +β = -
Sum of Roots of a Quadratic Polynomial:α
b/a, where α and β are the zeroes of the quadratic
polynomial ax2 + bx + c.
Product of roots of a quadratic polynomial: αβ=c/a.
where α and β are the zeroes of the quadratic
polynomial ax2 + bx + c.