Vineyard V90-F90N

Operation and maintenance manual

ORIGINAL INSTRUCTIONS
CHAPTER
Valid for tractors equipped with
cab or ROPS models: TABLE OF CONTENTS
TRACTOR IDENTIFICATION
Vineyard INTRODUCTION, WARRANTY
1
V90
F90N
SAFETY NOTES

INSTRUMENTS AND CONTROLS

CAB

OPERATION

ROUTINE MAINTENANCE

5
Mod. V
CAB - MAINTENANCE
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
6

SPECIFICATIONS
ALPHABETICAL INDEX
7
Mod. F-N

Argo Tractors S.p.A.

42042 Fabbrico [RE] Italia
via G. Matteotti, 7
t. +39.0522.656111 - f. +39.0522.656476
webmaster@argotractors.com Publication N. 6502 956M1
www.argotractors.com Release 05/2010

1
This manual was compiled in compliance with the the ISO 3600 standards and the here contained instructions
comply the requirements of the Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC in force in the European Community. For trac-
tors sold or used outside the European Community, local laws will prevail.

Main protections on the tractors discussed in this manual.

FOOTSTEP CAB

ROPS (protection against overturning) YES YES

FOPS (protection against objects falling from above) NO NO
OPS (protection against penetration of objects from sides) NO NO
Protection against hazardous chemicals CLASS 1 CLASS 2

This operation and service manual is valid for all countries and all models. It contains photos, notes and direc-
tions both for standard and optional equipment. Therefore it can give details for parts not installed on your
tractor with respect to the local laws in force and according to ordered optional equipment.
The tractor is supplied complete with safety devices according to national or international laws. For your own
safety, please always use correctly such devices and check them for function. If you have any doubts concer-
ning their operation or use, do not hesitate to ask your Dealer for details.

Mod.V
WARNING: If the tractor is fitted with a cab that is not
approved by the tractor’s maker, the warranty concerning
the modified functional units becomes null and void (sa-
fety frame, electric and hydraulic systems, etc.). Further,
it is not possible to check for compliance with noise level
standards and with technical approvals.

CALIFORNIA
Proposition 65 Warning

Diesel engine exhaust and some of its

constituents are known to the State
of California to cause cancer, birth
defects, and other reproductive harm.

Mod. F-N

2
Table of contents Page n.
Section 1 Contents................................................................................................... 3
Tractor identification................................................................................. 6
Introduction.............................................................................................. 7
Warranty, pre-delivery inspections and installation................................. 7
Warranty claim.......................................................................................... 7
Spare parts warning................................................................................. 8
1
If you move............................................................................................... 8
Post-warranty service............................................................................... 8
Safety........................................................................................................ 8

Section 2 Safety Notes............................................................................................. 9

Regular use............................................................................................... 9
Safety alert symbols and terms............................................................. 10
Safety - tractor and implement.............................................................. 10
Safety - Introduction .............................................................................. 10
Safety - Advice for the operator............................................................. 10
Safety - Danger, Warning and Caution................................................... 11
Safety - Decals........................................................................................ 11
Safety - Following a safety program...................................................... 11
Safety frame........................................................................................... 12
Safety - Cab............................................................................................ 12
Safety precautions................................................................................. 13
Check your equipment........................................................................... 15
Cleaning the tractor................................................................................ 16
Save the environment............................................................................ 16
Safety - Tractor maintenance................................................................. 16
Safety - Starting up................................................................................. 17
Working in safety.................................................................................... 19
Correct manoeuvres............................................................................... 19
Working in safety.................................................................................... 19
Beware of other people......................................................................... 20
Risk of overturning................................................................................. 21
To avoid side overturning....................................................................... 21
To avoid back overturning...................................................................... 23
Dangerous operations............................................................................ 25
Implements and attachments................................................................ 26
Road transport........................................................................................ 27
Road circulation rules............................................................................. 27
Safety - After use.................................................................................... 28
Additional notes..................................................................................... 29
Risks from noise..................................................................................... 31
Positions of safety decals - All markets ................................................ 32
Positions of safety decals - Only North American markets................... 37

Section 3 Controls and instruments....................................................................... 41

Operating controls
- Speedfour and mechanical power lift - double pump......................... 42
- Speedfour and mechanical power lift - triple pump............................ 43
- Speedfour and electronic power lift - triple pump............................... 44
Instrument panel ................................................................................... 45
Controls on the dashboard..................................................................... 51
Seat......................................................................................................... 52
Operator present sensor........................................................................ 53
Miscellaneous........................................................................................ 54
Tractor access........................................................................................ 55
Cab......................................................................................................... 56
Air conditioning...................................................................................... 58

3
 Table of contents Page n.

Section 4 Operation................................................................................................ 59
Starting and stopping the engine........................................................... 60
Starting the tractor................................................................................. 61
Clutch..................................................................................................... 62
Standard gearbox.................................................................................. 62
Speedfour 12x12 - Ground speed tables ............................................. 63
Speedfour 24x12.................................................................................... 64
Speedfour 24x12 - Ground speed tables 40kph.................................... 66
Speedfour 24x12 - Ground speed tables 30kph.................................... 68
Mechanical power take-off.................................................................... 70
Brakes..................................................................................................... 75
Hydraulic trailer brake............................................................................. 75
Differential lock...................................................................................... 76
Two-wheel drive..................................................................................... 76
Front and rear track adjustment, 2WD . ................................................ 78
Four-wheel drive front axle - Adjusting the steering angle.................... 79
Front and rear track adjustment, 4WD . ................................................ 80
Rear track adjustment ........................................................................... 84
Wheels and tyres.................................................................................... 86
Wheel removing procedure.................................................................... 86
Tyre inflation procedure.......................................................................... 87
Ballast..................................................................................................... 89
Towing attachments............................................................................... 92
Three-point linkage................................................................................. 95
Three-point linkage with hydraulic adjustments.................................. 100
Hydraulic power lift with mechanical control...................................... 102
Hydraulic power lift with electronic control......................................... 106
Auxiliary control valves, double pump................................................. 112
Auxiliary control valves, triple pump, mechanical power lift............... 114
Auxiliary control valves, triple pump, electronic power lift.................. 116
ROPS frame.......................................................................................... 118
Tractor transport................................................................................... 119

Chapter 5 Routine maintenance........................................................................... 121

Routine maintenance table.................................................................. 122
Lubrication and maintenance............................................................... 124
Running in............................................................................................ 124
Oil and fuel filling in.............................................................................. 126
Access for inspection and maintenance.............................................. 127
Maintenance at request....................................................................... 128
Routine maintenance, 100 hours......................................................... 141
Routine maintenance, 250 hours......................................................... 144
Routine maintenance, 500 hours......................................................... 147
Bleeding air from the fuel system........................................................ 148
Routine maintenance, 1000 hours....................................................... 149
General maintenance........................................................................... 156
Bleeding air from the brake system..................................................... 156

Section 6 Cab maintenance ................................................................................ 159

Air conditioning.................................................................................... 160
Cab air filter.......................................................................................... 162
Cab fuses.............................................................................................. 163
Electrical system - Battery.................................................................... 167
Headlights............................................................................................ 169
Changing lamps.................................................................................... 170
Fuses.................................................................................................... 171
Trailer power socket............................................................................. 174
Preparing for long idle periods............................................................. 175
4
Table of contents Page n.

Section 7 Specifications...................................................................................... 177

Weights and dimensions..................................................................... 178
Engine.................................................................................................. 182
Transmission....................................................................................... 183
Gearbox............................................................................................... 183 1
Rear axle.............................................................................................. 183
Differential Lock.................................................................................. 183
Power take-off..................................................................................... 184
Brakes.................................................................................................. 184
Four-wheel drive front axle (if installed).............................................. 185
Four-wheel drive front axle . ............................................................... 185
Track adjustment................................................................................. 185
Steering components.......................................................................... 186
Electronically controlled hydraulic power lift...................................... 186
Mechanically controlled hydraulic Power Lift..................................... 186
Hydraulic system................................................................................. 187
Three-point linkage.............................................................................. 188
Auxiliary control valves........................................................................ 188
Towing attachments............................................................................ 189
Cab - Safety frame............................................................................... 189
Seat...................................................................................................... 189
Bonnet................................................................................................. 189
Electrical system................................................................................. 190
Optional extras.................................................................................... 191
Noise levels......................................................................................... 192
Vibration levels.................................................................................... 193
‘CE’ Declaration of Conformity............................................................ 194
Issue of authorization.......................................................................... 195
Weights............................................................................................... 195
Lubricant and fuel chart...................................................................... 196

Alphabetical index............................................................................... 191

5
Tractor identification
Machine identification data
The tractor and its main components are identified
by serial numbers and/or manufacturing codes. Here
under the positions of the various identification data
are illustrated.

NOTE: Identification data should be communicated to your

Dealer for requests of spare parts or service.

Tractor identification plate (Fig.1-1)

The manufacturer’s plate is placed on the right-hand side
on the front of the tractor and features the following data:
- Manufacturer
- Machine type Fig.1-1 Tractor identification plate
- Number of authorization for road circulation
- Frame number
- Manufacturing year
- Weights
- Rated engine power in kW
- CE mark

Other data are indicated on the authorization certificate.

Tractor identification number

The vehicle identification number is punched both on the
data plate and on the right-hand front side of the weight
frame. (Fig.1-2.)

Tractor identification data

The engine has its own serial number stamped on the
engine data plate (Fig.1-3).

IMPORTANT: Keep with care this operation and maintenan-

ce manual on your tractor. Before driving or operation your
tractor, it is mandatory to read this manual very carefully,
with special attention to the chapter concerning safety
rules. Keep the manual always ready at hand in the cab
for easier reference (Fig. 1-4). Fig.1-2 Tractor type and chassis serial number (on
radiator core support).

Fig.1-4 Fig.1-3 Engine serial number

6

INTRODUCTION
NOTE: This manual is distributed with tractors all over
the world. The equipment indicated as standard or
optional may vary according to the country where the
tractor operates. Please ask your Dealer for full details of
the equipment available in your country.
The purpose of this book is to enable the owner and
driver to operate the tractor in a safe manner. Provided
that the instructions are followed carefully, the equip-
ment will give years of service in our tradition.
If you should not understand any part of this booklet,
please do not hesitate to ask your Dealer for advice, as
these instructions must be correctly understood and
complied with. It is advisable to perform a daily mainte-
nance routine and to keep a register to record the work
hours of the machine.
When new parts are required it is important that only
genuine service parts are used. Authorized Dealers sup-
ply genuine parts and can give advice regarding their
fitment and use. . Customers are therefore required to
buy their service parts only from an authorized Dealer.
These tractors are designed exclusively for normal
an typical agricultural operations, following the ope-
rating instructions contained in this manual.
THE TRACTOR IS UNSUITABLE FOR USE IN FORE-
STAL OPERATIONS.
It may become suitable for such use if a forestal kit
is installed which is CE marked and approved and
whose installation is approved by the manufacturer.
The installation and modification of the tractor
must be carried out with the highest technical
standards by specialised workshops with qualified
personnel. Such workshops must be able to gua-
rantee and attest the risk analysis provided for in
the Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC concerning the
foreseen and predictable use of the tractor for fore-
stal work and environment, in order to carry out all
required adaptations of the tractor. This specific fo-
restal kit must protect the driver’s seat from falling
and penetrating objects.
Use in any other way is considered as contrary to the
intended use. The Manufacturer of the tractor accepts
no liability for any damage or injury resulting from misu-
se; any resulting risks must be borne solely by the user.
Introduction - Warranty
Also compliance with and strict adherence to the ope-
ration service and maintenance conditions specified by
the Manufacturer are substantial part of the intended
use.
If the tractor must be used in very heavy-duty condi-
tions (e.g. deep water or extremely muddy soils), you
should ask your Dealer for specific instructions, to avoid
invalidating the guarantee.
For the operation, service and maintenance of this trac-
tor you need to know perfectly its specific features and
to be precisely informed about the pertaining safety
standards (injury prevention).
Customers are strongly advised to turn to an official De-
aler in connection with any problem regarding service
and adjustments.
WARRANTY, PRE-DELIVERY IN-
SPECTIONS AND INSTALLATION
The Company, when selling new goods to their Dealers,
gives a warranty that, subject to certain conditions,
guarantees that the goods are free from defects in ma-
terial and workmanship. As this manual is published for
worldwide diffusion, it is impossible to give a precise
and detailed description of the terms and clauses of
the warranty granted in each country for retail sale. The
buyers of new tractors should therefore ask their Dealer
for full details.
According to the Company’s policy of continuous
improvement to its machines, changes in their technical
features may be made at any time without notice. The
Company accepts no responsibility for discrepancies
which may occur between the specifications of its
machines and the descriptions thereof contained in its
publications.
A Dealer is required to carry out certain activities when
supplying a new tractor. These consist of a full pre-
delivery inspection to ensure that the tractor supplied
is ready for immediate use, and full instruction in the
basic principles of operation and maintenance of the
tractor. These instructions will cover instruments and
controls, routine maintenance and safety precautions.
All persons who will be concerned with the operation
and maintenance of the machine should be present for
these instructions.
NOTE: The Manufacturer will not accept responsibility for
any claim resulting from the fitment of non-approved parts
or attachments, or unauthorized modification or alteration.
7
Introduction - Warranty
WARRANTY CLAIM
A correct installation, followed by a regular maintenance,
can do much to prevent malfunctions or breakdowns. If
operation problems should be however encountered du-
ring the warranty period, the warranty should be claimed
with the following procedure.
The Dealer by whom you purchased the tractor should
be promptly informed, stating model and serial number.
It is most important that there should be no delay, and
you should realise that, even where the original failure is
covered by warranty, if the failure is not repaired imme-
diately, warranty cover may not apply.
You should give your Dealer as many information as
possible, for instance work hours, current type of work
and warning signs.
It should be noted that normal maintenance services such
as tuning, brake/clutch adjustments, and the supply of
materials used to service the tractor (oil, filters, fuel and
antifreeze) are not covered by terms of the warranty.
SPARE PARTS WARNING
The fitment of parts of inferior quality may not only impair
machine performances, but also be dangerous for opera-
tor’s health and safety. The manufacturer of the tractor will
not take the responsibility for any loss, damage or liability
resulting from the fitment of such parts, and, if fitted
during the normal warranty period, the manufacturer’s
warranty may be invalidated.
IF YOU MOVE
The Dealer by whom you bought your tractor is sole
responsible for the protection given by your warranty.
We recommend that any repair of your machine should
be made by the Dealer. If you, however, move to another
area or the tractor must momentarily operate in an area
far from the original Dealer, you should ask your Dealer
for name and address of the Dealer nearest to the new
work site, so that the warranty is transferred to the latter.
If you moved from the area of your original Dealer without
any arrangements with the new Dealer, the latter will give
you assistance for emergencies, but will charge normal
prices, unless:
a. You make it clear that the warranty has not expired,
and
b. the Dealer making the repair can make the due arran-
gements with the original Dealer.
8
POST-WARRANTY SERVICE
During the warranty period it is advisable to let your Dealer
perform every repair and servicing. In this way the Dealer
is able to keep under control operation and performances
of your new tractor.
In order to obtain the best performances from your tractor,
it is important to go on with regular checks and servicing
even after the warranty is expired. Make use of your local
Dealer for all major tractor services: a trained engineer
will spot any problems between one service and the next.
Our engineers are regularly trained and updated on the
product, servicing techniques and the use of modern
service tools and diagnostic equipment. They receive
regular Service Bulletins, have all Workshop Manuals and
other such technical information to ensure that the repair
or service is to the standard required.
SAFETY
The safety of the operator is one of the main concerns in
designing and developing a new tractor. Designers build
in as many safety features as possible. However, every
year many accidents occur which could have been avoided
by a few seconds thought and a more careful approach
to handling farm machinery and implements. Therefore
you are required to read through and implement the
safety instructions detailed in the Safety Notes section
of this book.
CAUTION: In some of the illustrations used
in this Operator Instruction Book, panels or
guards may have been removed for clarity.
Never operate the tractor without these com-
ponents in position. If the removal of panels
or guards is necessary to make a repair, they
MUST be replaced before operation.
 Safety notes

Chapter 2
Safety notes
2

REGULAR USE

This is an agricultural tractor, whose function consists essentially in traction power. It is therefore specially designed to
push, pull, carry or operate some interchangeable implements for agricultural purpose, or to tow agricultural trailers.

This machine must be driven and operated by an operator suitably instructed, firmly seated and wearing a fastened seat belt.

This machine is NOT designed:

- To be driven or operated standing or from outside the cab or the operator’s seat, or without a fastened seat belt.
- To lift persons.
- To transport persons, within or outside the cab or the operator’s seat, in any condition (work or road transport).
- To be used in hazardous atmosphere.
- To be used in forestry.
- To be equipped with front loaders if the tractor is not provided with a suitable structure to protect the operator’s seat
from falling and projected objects.
- For tractors equipped with collapsible safety frame, see specific instructions in the next pages.

More basic rules

- Keep the cab doors closed while the machine is being used.
- The machine must be used only by a skilled operator who knows perfectly controls and driving technique.
- External controls of hitch and electro-hydraulic power take-off (if equipped) must be operated standing on one side
outside the tractor and keeping oneself out of the overall width of mudguards. It is expressly forbidden to operate the
controls from the rear of the tractor or standing on the inner side of wheels.

WARNING: Improper use of the machine, specially on rough terrain or slopes, can make it tilt over. Pay
particular attention in case of rain, snow, ice or anyway on slippery ground. It may be necessary to step
out of the tractor to check personally ground quality. In the described conditions, always keep the load
as close as possible to the tractor and the ground.

WARNING: Do not try to get off the moving tractor, even if it is overturning, to avoid being crushed un-
der it, but remain seated with the well fastened seat belt and hold firmly the steering wheel.

WARNING: If the safety frame mounted on the tractor is the front two-post type, the tractor must always
be used with the frame in upright (vertical) position.

9
Safety notes

SAFETY ALERT SYMBOLS AND TERMS

This safety symbol means WARNING! BEWARE! YOUR SAFETY IS IN DANGER!

This alert symbol draws your attention on important warnings on the implement, in the manual or anywhere else. Pay
great attention whenever you see this symbol: there is a great danger of serious or deadly injuries. Follow the instruc-
tions given in the warning.

WHY IS SAFETY IMPORTANT FOR YOU?

« ACCIDENTS CAN MAIM and KILL «
« ACCIDENTS COST A HIGH PRICE «
« ACCIDENTS can be AVOIDED «

SAFETY - TRACTOR AND IMPLEMENT

• The tractor is a source of mechanical and hydraulic power.
• This Operator’s Manual is compiled to cover safe working practices that are associated with the basic trac-
tor operation.
• It does not cover all operation and safety instructions relevant to all known implements and attachments that
may be fitted to your tractor in the future.
• All implements connected to the tractor must bear the CE mark (Europe only). All equipment must be accom-
panied by a operation and maintenance handbook, to be read before assembling and using the equipment.
• It is essential that operators use and understand the relevant Operator’s Manual which accompany such im-
plements and attachments not treated in this book.

SAFETY - INTRODUCTION SAFETY - ADVICE FOR THE OPERA-

This safety section of your Operator Instruction Book is
intended to point out some of the basic safety situations
that may be encountered during the normal operation and
maintenance of your FOOTSTEP or CAB tractor, and to
suggest possible ways of dealing with these situations.
This section is NOT a replacement for other safety prac-
tices featured in other sections of this book.
Additional precautions may be needed according to the
implements used and to work conditions in the field or
in repair or maintenance areas. The Manufacturer of the
tractor has no direct control over application, operation,
inspection, lubrication or maintenance of utility tractor.
Implementation of correct safety practices in such areas
is therefore YOUR own responsibility.
TOR
It is YOUR responsibility to read and understand the sa-
fety section in this manual before operating your tractor.
You must follow these safety instructions that take you
step by step through your working day. DO NOT USE THE
MACHINE IF YOU HAVE ANY DOUBTS:
In reading this section, you will note that illustrations have
been used to highlight certain situations. Each illustration
is numbered and the same number appears in the text in
parenthesis. This reference number is at the end of the
written text concerning the picture and is composed of
two digits separated by a dash: the first digit before the
dash identifies the section, the second one the progres-
sive number of the picture in the section. (e.g. Fig.2-34
= Figure 34 of Section 2).

Remember that YOU are the only key to safety. Good

safety practices not only protect you, but also the people
around you. Study the features in this manual and make
them a working part of your safety program.

10

Keep in mind that this safety section is written only for this
type of machine. Practice all other usual and customary
safe working precautions, and above all - REMEMBER -
SAFETY IS YOUR RESPONSIBILITY. YOU CAN PREVENT
SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH.
SAFETY - DANGER, WARNING AND
CAUTION
Whenever you see the words and symbols shown below,
used in this book and on decals, you MUST take note of
their instructions as they relate to personal safety.
DANGER: The symbol and the word DANGER
indicate an imminently hazardous situation
which, if not avoided, will result in DEATH
OR VERY SERIOUS INJURY.
WARNING: The symbol and the word WAR-
NING indicate a potentially hazardous
situation. If the instructions or procedures
are not correctly followed, it could result in
DEATH OR SERIOUS INJURY IN EXTREME
CASES.
CAUTION: The word CAUTION indicates a limited risk
situation which, if not avoided, will result in MATERIAL
DAMAGES AND/OR MINOR INJURIES.
IMPORTANT: The word IMPORTANT is used to identify
special instructions or procedures which, if not strictly
observed, could result in damage to, or destruction of
the machine, of the work carried out or its surroundings.
NOTE:The word NOTE is used to indicate points of parti-
cular interest for more efficient and convenient repair or
operation.
SAFETY - DECALS
WARNING: DO NOT remove or efface Dan-
ger, Warning, Caution or Instruction decals.
Any lost or effaced Danger, Warning, Caution or Instruction
decals must be replaced. Replacement decals are availa-
ble from your Dealer in the event of loss or damage. The
actual location of these Safety Decals is illustrated at the
end of this section.
If a second-hand tractor has been purchased, refer to
the illustrations at the end of this section to ensure that
all the safety warning decals are in the correct position
and readable.
Safety notes
SAFETY - FOLLOWING A SAFETY
PROGRAM
Safe use of the tractor
Only qualified and authorized operators are able to use
farming tractors in safety. To be qualified you must under-
stand the written instructions supplied in this Operator
Instruction Book, have training in the work area, and know
the safety rules and regulations for the job.
Some regulations stat, for instance, that no one younger
than 18 may use machines with engines (according to
European directives). Tractors are such machines. It is
your responsibility to know these regulations and comply
with them in the area or the situation in which the tractor
is used.
2
Such regulations include, without limitation, the following
instructions for a safe use of the tractor.
WARNING: The operator must not be under
influence of alcohol or drugs that can im-
pair his/her coordination or alert conditions.
An operator under prescription for narcotic
drugs needs a medical certificate stating if
he/she is able to use the tractor safely.
Take the following precautions:
• Do not allow children or unauthorized persons to drive
or use your tractor. Keep others away from your area
of work.
• Fasten your seat belt if the tractor is fitted with an
upright safety frame or a cab.
• Whenever possible, do not operate the tractor near
ditches, pits or holes in the ground. Slow down when
steering, driving on slopes or driving over rough, slip-
pery or muddy terrain.
• Keep clear from slopes too steep to operate safely.
• Drive carefully, specially on headlands, on road and
around trees.
• Never let anyone else get on to the tractor or the
implement.
• Hitch only to the drawbar and recommended hitch
points. Never hitch above the central line of the rear
axle.
• Operate the tractor smoothly, with no sudden turns,
starts or stops. Apply the parking brake whenever the
tractor is stopped.
• Do not modify or remove any part of the equipment,
and do not use couplings not designed for your trac-
tor.
11
Safety notes

SAFETY FRAME
A safety frame is fitted as standard equipment to the
tractor at the time of factory assembly. It the safety frame
was removed or modified, the tractor should be equipped
with a new original and approved safety frame. The safety
frame reduces the risk of injury should the tractor tip over.
Tipping over without a safety structure can cause damage
and serious injury (Fig.2-1).

WARNING: Always wear the safety belt with

the protective structure in the upright posi-
tion.
If the front two-post safety frame is
mounted, it may be collapsed only to park
the tractor or enter low spaces. Do NON
wear the safety belt when the frame is Fig.2-1
collapsed. NEVER keep the safety frame in
the collapsed position when working with
the tractor. For further prescription,see the
Chapter Safety structure - ROPS in the Ope-
ration Section.

Use
• Before using the tractor ensure that the safety frame is
not damaged, that it is securely fastened to the tractor
and, if a hinged section is fitted, that it is in upright
position and secured.
• If the safety frame has been removed from the trac-
tor, or collapsed for a specific operation, it must be
refitted or erected immediately using proper tools and
applying the recommended torque value.
• DO NOT ATTACH chains, ropes or cables to the safety
frame for pulling purposes; this will cause the tractor Fig.2-2
to tip backwards. Always pull from the tractor drawbar.
• Seat belts must always be worn and adjusted snugly
except when operating with a folded down safety
frame (Fig.2-2).
• From time to time, check the seat belt for damage and
replace it if worn or damaged (Fig.2-2).

Damaged safety frames SAFETY - CAB

If the tractor has rolled over or the safety frame has been
The safety cab is designed on purpose for this tractor
damaged (such as striking an overhead object during
series and complies with all law requirements concerning
transport), the safety frame must be replaced to provide
safety and noise level.
the original degree of protection.
After an accident, check the safety frame, the driving seat,
The safety cab complies with international safety stan-
the safety belts and the anchor points of the safety belts.
dards prescribed by laws in force. It must NEVER be drilled
Replace all damaged parts before using the tractor again.
or modified in order to install accessories or implements.
The cab components MUST NOT be welded, nor repaired
DO NOT WELD, DRILL, BEND OR STRAIGHTEN if damaged. Never attach tow chains or ropes to the cab
THE SAFETY FRAME. To do so reduces the degree main frame.
of protection ensured by the original equipment.
WARNING: Tractors equipped with cab have
no protection (FOPS) against objects and
WARNING: Tractors equipped with safety
loads that might fall from above in typical
frame have no protection against objects
work conditions, as well as no protection
and loads that might fall from above or be
against objects and loads that might be
projected into the area normally occupied
projected into the area normally occupied
by the operator.
by the operator.

12
 Safety notes

PRECAUTIONS FOR WORKING IN

SAFETY

Protect yourself
Wear all protective clothing and any personal protection
devices called for by the work conditions. Never take any
risks (Fig. 2-3).
You need the following protective clothing:
- A hard hat.
- Safety goggles or mask.
- Hearing protection.
- Respirator or filter mask.
- Clothing for bad weather.
- Reflective clothing.
2
- Heavy-duty gloves (neoprene for chemicals, leather for
rough work). Fig.2-3
- Safety shoes.

DO NOT wear loose clothing, jewellery or other items

and tie up long hair that could get entangled in controls
or moving parts.

A first aid kit should be available on any work site (Fig.2- - Use safety goggles
3b). - Use a protective mask
- Use protective headsets on all tractors wi-
WARNING: The tractor is designed and built to avoid thout cab.
any fire risks during normal operation. Therefore, it - Use heavy-duty gloves.
is not provided of a self-extinguishing system or a fire - Use safety footwear.
extinguisher on board as a standard. The tractor is -Use a hard hat.
anyway designed to install a 1 kg dust fire extinguisher
complying with UNI EN 3/7 2004 standard. The fire
extinguisher must be mounted in the reserved and
First aid box
indicated position (Fig.2-4a & Fig.2-4b)
If the tractor’s owner or safety manager provides the
The fire extinguisher with its support can be bought
tractor with a first aid box, we recommend storing the
as a kit by our Dealers or authorized workshops. The
box in a suitable place when the tractor is not used for a
kit consists in a fire extinguisher, support, fastening
long time, owing to its highly perishable content.
means, directions for its mounting and a decal to be
applied in the indicated area. The decal, when applied,
declares that the tractor may not be used if the ire
extinguisher is not in its place.
It is up to the owner of the farm or to the person
responsible for safety at the farm to judge the oppor-
tunity of using the tractor in areas at high fire risk.
They are also responsible for use of the tractor with
the extinguisher duly mounted.
Fig.2-3b

Fig.2-4a Fig.2-4b

13
Safety notes

Know your equipment

Know your tractor. Know how to operate all equipment
on your machine and the implements and attachments
used with it. Know the purpose of all the controls, gauges
and dials. Know the rated load capacity, speed range,
braking and steering characteristics, turning radius, and
operating clearances.

Keep in mind that rain, snow, ice, loose gravel, soft

ground, etc. can change the way your tractor operates..
Under poor conditions, slow down and be extra careful,
engage four-wheel drive, if fitted.

Study the DANGER, WARNING or CAUTION safety Fig.2-5

signs on your tractor and the information signs also.

READ THIS OPERATOR INSTRUCTION BOOK BEFORE

STARTING THE ENGINE.

STUDY IT BEFORE YOU START WORK (Fig. 2-5).

IF THERE IS SOMETHING YOU DO NOT UNDERSTAND,

ASK SOMEONE SPECIALISED (e.g. your Dealer) FOR
EXPLANATION.

IMPORTANT: This manual covers general safe practices

for agricultural tractors. It must always be kept with the
tractor. For further copies contact your Dealer.

Use all available protective devices

Keep all protective devices in place and securely faste-
ned. Make certain all guards, shields and safety signs are
properly installed, as specified, and are in good condition.

In order to guarantee safety for all bystan-
ders and for yourself, always keep your
tractor in top service condition and check
that the following devices are provided:
• A safety frame which must always be mounted in the
upright position (Fig.2-6).
• Safety belts complying with law requirements of the
various countries.
• Power take-off shields.
• Shields against heat.
• Shields and guards against shearing and pinching.
• Rear view mirrors.
• Anti-deflagration shields on tubes, if required.
• Dust filters in the cab
• Decals and pictograms.
Fig.2-6
• Means to access the driver’s seat.
• Driver’s seat.
• Controls.
• Operator’s manual.
• Slow Moving Vehicle emblem (SMV). Additional
safety guards, lights or decals and a back-up alarm
(Fig.2-38 and 2-39) (North America).
Know which devices are required for safe operation of
your tractor. Use them. Make sure they are in place and
in good condition. Never remove or disconnect any safety
device.

14
 Safety notes

Check the equipment WARNING: Diesel fuel or hydraulic fluid under

Before you begin your working day, take time to check
your tractor and ensure that all systems are in good ope-
rational condition.
• DO NOT smoke while refuelling the tractor. Keep any
type of open flame away (Fig. 2-7).
• Check for loose, broken, missing, or damaged parts.
Have everything put into good repair. Make certain
all safety devices are in place.
pressure can penetrate the skin or eyes and
cause serious personal injury, blindness or
death. Fluid leaks, under pressure, may not
be visible. Use a piece of cardboard or wood
to find leaks. Never use your bare hand. Wear
safety goggles for eye protection. If any fluid
is injected into the skin, it MUST be surgically
removed within a few hours by a doctor fami-
liar with this type of injury (Fig. 2-8).

• Check safety frame and seat belt for damage. A da-
maged safety frame or seat belt MUST be replaced.
• Ensure that implements and attachments are properly
installed and that the tractor and implement PTO RPM
ratings match.
• Check the tires for cuts, bulges and correct pressure.
Replace worn or damaged tyres. Check foot and par-
king brakes for proper operation. Adjust if necessary.
• Stop the engine and wait for it to cool before refuelling.
Before applying pressure to the fuel or hydraulic system,
be sure all connections are tight and that lines, pipes, 2
and hoses are not damaged. Before disconnecting fuel
or hydraulic lines, be sure to relieve all pressure.
Make sure that all hydraulic lines are correctly installed
and not tangled.
WARNING: Liquid cooling systems build up
pressure as the engine gets hot. Before remo-

• Check the engine oil level and add oil if required. ving the radiator cap, stop the engine and let
the system cool.
• Perform all maintenance procedures outlined in the
maintenance and adjustment section of this manual. • Check the engine cooling system and add coolant as
required.
• Check that the PTO drive locking devices are latched.
• Check that the tractor PTO shield and driveline guards
are in place and operating properly.

• Check the tractor and implement hydraulic system.

Have any leaks or damaged parts repaired or renewed.

• HYDRODYNAMIC SYSTEMS: HOSES Hoses are an

important component in modern machines. Hoses
can change their characteristics in the course of time
because of pressure, vibrations, weather etc. Laws
in force prescribe that hoses are replaced within 6
years from their construction. WE RECOMMEND
COMPLIANCE WITH THIS RULE.

Fig.2-7
WARNING: When auxiliary control valves
are used, their quick couplings can reach
high temperatures. Therefore, safety glo-
ves suitable for such temperatures must be
worn every time the connected implements
are connected to or disconnected from the
couplings.

Fig.2-8

15
Safety notes
Clean the tractor
• Keep work surfaces and engine compartments clean.
• Before cleaning the machine, always lower imple-
ments to the ground, place transmission in neutral,
engage the parking brake, shut off the engine and
remove the key.
• Clean steps, pedals and floor. Remove grease or oil.
Brush away dust or mud. In winter, scrape away snow
and ice. Remember - slippery surfaces are dangerous.
• When plastic parts need to be cleaned (such as con-
sole, instrument panel, monitors, indicators etc), do
not use petrol, paraffin, diluents etc.
They could cause discoloration, cracking or warping
of the cleaned parts..
These parts should ONLY be cleaned with water,
neutral soap and a soft cloth.
• Remove and store implements, keys, hitches etc. in
their proper places.
Protect the environment
• It is illegal to pollute drains, water courses or soil.
Use authorized waste disposal facilities, including
civic amenity sites and garages providing facilities
for disposal of used oil. If in doubt, contact your local
authority for advice.
• To get to know the correct methods to dispose of
oils, filters, tyres etc. contact your Dealer or the local
agency for waste recycling.
• Only for North America:
The safety sheets of each material give information
on chemicals contained in a product, procedures to
use it safely, first-aid and procedure to be followed
in case of leakage or spills. In all North America such
safety sheets are available at the Dealer's.
Before any maintenance on the machine, refer to
the above mentioned safety sheets for fluids, oils
etc. used in this machine. The sheets inform about
risks and safe maintenance procedures. We strongly
recommend to follow these indications during any
maintenance operations.
• Disposal of the tractor: The tractor is made up of
parts subject to rules and laws for their disposal.
When the tractor is not used any more, it must be
disposed of through proper agencies according to
such rules. Do not pollute the environment with the
tractor or its parts.
Fig.2-9
16
SAFETY - TRACTOR MAINTENAN-
CE
CAUTION: With exception of normal service, as explai-
ned in the Maintenance section, all other servicing or
reparations must be carried out by properly skilled
personnel in authorised workshops.
• DO NOT carry out maintenance operations while the
engine is hot or the tractor is moving (Fig.2-9).
WARNING: Hot parts of the machine are suita-
bly guarded, wherever possible. This does not
exclude, however, that great care should be
used when working on the machine, to avoid
burns or scalding.
• Before any adjustments or servicing on the electrical
system, disconnect the battery by operating the mas-
ter disconnect switch (if equipped) or disconnecting
the cables of the battery. See the section concerning
battery servicing.
• To prevent fire or explosion, do not go with free flames
near the battery or cold starting device. Carefully fol-
low the directions for the use of coupling cables to
avoid sparks that may cause an explosion.
• Consult your Dealer for any repairs or adjustments;
such works should be carried out by specialised
workmanship.
• Check regularly that all nuts and bolts are securely
tightened, specially the nuts in wheel hubs, disks or
rims. Tighten to the prescribed driving torques.
• Check the oil level at regular intervals and top up
if required.
• Check the brakes regularly, top up the reservoir
and/or adjust where necessary. Make sure that the
brakes are evenly adjusted, especially when using
a trailer.
CAUTION: When it is necessary to carry out
service, filling up, cleaning or adjustment
operations in places at an height above 1.5
m (e.g. engine coolant reservoir or cab air
filters, work light lamps etc.) a stable and safe
mean (e.g. a ladder) is required to reach the
service point.
CAUTION: Work and road lights can be very
hot and dangerous if on since a long time.
Take care to avoid contacts that could cause
burns. If work on these lights is needed, turn
them off and let them cool down.
Always use safety gloves suitable for high
temperatures.
 Safety notes

If the tractor must be lifted for servicing, take it to a sui-

tably equipped workshop.
Carry out the following operations before any operation
about the tractor: engage the four-wheel drive, the first
gear and the parking brake and put chocks to the wheels
touching the ground.
Before lifting the tractor, avoid its swinging by means of
wooden wedges applied to the front axle (Fig.2-9b): the
chocks must avoid any swinging of the tractor.
Use jack lifts of suitable capacity and apply them at the
centre of the front and rear axles (Fig. 2-9b and Fig.2-9c)
paying due attention to weight distribution.
No decals for the lifting point are applied on the tractor, as
they would be too difficult to apply in the available spaces
2
and would be all too easily removed or effaced during Fig.2-9b
normal operation of the tractor. Apply the jack lift to the
lifting points (Fig. 2-10a ) according to the type of operation
and following the safety procedures given before.

WARNING: DO NOT raise the tractor using the tow-

ing hook.

Fig.2-9c
SAFETY - STARTING UP
Warn bystanders before starting the engine.
Before starting, walk around the whole tractor and any
attached equipment. Make sure that no one is under, on,
or close to the tractor or equipment. Let other workers
and bystanders know you are starting up and don’t start
until everyone is clear of the tractor, implements and
towed equipment.

Make sure that everyone, particularly children, is in a

safe position before starting the engine.

Mount and dismount safely.

Always use ‘three point contact’ with the machine, and
face the machine when you mount it. Three point contact Fig.2-10a
means both hands and one foot or one hand and both
feet are in contact with the machine at all times during
mounting and dismounting.

Clean your shoes and wipe your hands before climbing on.
Use handrails, grab handles, ladders or steps (as provided)
when mounting or dismounting.

NEVER use control levers as a hand hold and NEVER step

on foot controls when mounting or dismounting.

NEVER try to go on or off the moving tractor.

17
Safety notes

Safety at starting

WARNING: Make sure that there is enough

ventilation before starting the engine. Never
start the engine in an enclosed space. Exhaust
fumes may cause asphyxiation (Fig.2-10b).

Make sure that the tractor dual brake pedals are locked
together at all times unless you are making turns in the
field which require independent use of the brakes. Make
sure the brakes are properly adjusted so that both brakes
engage at the same time.

Adjust the seat and fasten your seat belt (if applicable, Fig.2-10b
according the description in this book),

Always start the engine from the operator’s seat, after

depressing the clutch pedal, with all the transmission,
PTO and auxiliary spool valve control levers in neutral.

DANGER: The engine must be started with

the ignition key only from the driver’s seat.
DO NOT attempt to start the engine by
shorting across the terminals of the starter
motor. If the starter circuit is bypassed to
neutral, the tractor could start with an en-
gaged gear, with danger of serious injury or
death to bystanders (Fig.2-11).

Fig.2-11

Follow recommended starting procedures.

Follow the starting procedures recommended in the
Operation section of this Operator Instruction Book. This
includes normal starting, cold starting, and the use of
starting fluids.

Overhaul the controls.

After engine ignition, overhaul all instruments and lights.
Be sure that all are operating correctly. If the machine
does not respond properly to controls, DO NOT use it
until the fault is mended.

Make sure that the starter motor solenoid valve fuse is Fig.2-12
always installed.

Starting fluid

CAUTION: Do not inject fluids (ether) to make the

engine easier to start in cold weather. The tractor is
equipped with a cold weather starting system (Fig.2-
12).

Before starting the tractor, make sure that there are no

persons or hindrances in its operating range (Fig.2-13).

Fig.2-13

18
 Safety notes
DIRECTIONS TO AVOID IMPROPER USE OF THE TRACTOR

WORKING IN SAFETY Do not start the tractor without ensuring a perfect com-
mand of speed and steering controls (Fig.2-14).
WARNING: An unbalanced tractor could over-
turn and cause injury or death. If required, put
ballast weights on their front support and on
rear wheels as described in this section of the
Operation chapter. Ballast weights must be used
according to the manufacturer’s directions.
NEVER add extra counterweights to compensate
for an overload. It is better to reduce the load.

WARNING: Keep all parts of your body inside

the operator's compartment while operating
2
the tractor.

Follow the rules when using your tractor.

Make sure your tractor is ready for the job it must do.
Know the rated load capacities of your tractor and never
exceed them. Be certain that any equipment or imple-
ments you intend to use DO NOT exceed the load rating
of your tractor. Be sure the tractor and implement PTO
rev/min match.

Keep in mind that tractors normally operate on uneven, Fig.2-14

unpaved, and often bumpy or sloping surfaces. Operating
conditions can reduce the amount of weight you should
carry or pull.
Follow safe operating practices
• Operate the controls smoothly - don't jerk the steering
wheel or other controls.
• DO NOT get on or off a moving tractor. Keep a firm
grip on the steering wheel at all times, with the thumbs
clear of the spokes when driving the tractor.
• Make sure you have adequate clearance in all direc-
tions for tractor, cab, asfety frame and implement.
• NEVER play games with a tractor or equipment.
• NEVER attempt to work the controls except from the
operator's seat.
• Before starting, inspect the work area to establish
the best and safest procedure. Plan your work
so that you drive as straight as possible forward.
Beware of trenches, pits, ditches, slopes, trunks
or stumps, ponds etc. Watch for any possibly
dangerous condition. If you are using a front loader
or foldable implements or implements with high
components, watch out for obstacle in the tractor's
way.
WARNING: Accidental contact with high-volta-
ge lines causes death. In case of contact with
high-voltage conductors DO NOT leave the
tractor, but move the tractor and/or the loader
in such a way as to eliminate the contact and
reach a safe distance (Fig.2-15).

• Before getting off the tractor, always disengage the

PTO, lower all attachments and implements to the
ground, place the tractor in neutral, engage parking
brake, shut off the engine and remove the key.

DO NOT touch, lean on, or reach through any implement

mechanism or permit others to do so.

Stay alert. Should something break, come loose, or fail to

operate in your equipment, stop work, shut off the engi-
ne, inspect the machine and have repairs or adjustments
made before resuming operation.

Fig.2-15

19
Safety notes

Beware of other people

• Think about what you are going to do. Never al-
low persons that are not qualified or suitably skilled
to operate your tractor. They could be a danger for
themselves or for others.

WARNING: Your tractor is designed to be ope-

rated by one person. DO NOT allow others to
ride on the tractor or the implement (Fig.2-
16). Never allow anyone to ride on the imple-
ments or other equipment including trailers,
except on certain harvesting equipment, spe-
cifically designed for riders during the actual
harvest operation only (not during transport).
Such equipment must have provision for a safe
riding area. NEVER allow children on a tractor.

WARNING: Make sure you can safely control

speed and driving direction of the tractor
before moving it. Start slowly until you are Fig.2-16
sure everything is operating regularly. After
starting, turn the steering right and left to
check for correct operation. Check steering
and brake system for operation. If differential
is locked, DO NOT operate at high speed or
turn the tractor until the differential lock is
disengaged.

• Keep others away from your operation area. Never

allow anyone to stand or pass under a raised imple-
ment (Fig.2-17).

• DO NOT lift objects that cannot be contained safely

in the bucket, get the appropriate attachment. Never
allow anyone to stand on the safety frames or fend-
ers.

• When using a loader, avoid sudden stops, starts,

turns, or changes of direction. Keep loads as near
as possible to the ground during transport.

• Never stand (or allow anyone else to stand) in front Fig.2-17

of, under, or behind loaded or loading equipment.
Never drive a tractor up to someone standing in
front of a fixed object.

WARNING: NEVER lift a load over anyone

(Fig.2-17).

• Keep others away from articulation joints, hitches,

drawbar, lift arms, PTO drives, cylinders, belts, pul-
leys, and other moving parts. Keep safety guards in
place.
WARNING: NEVER stand, or allow anyone else
to stand between the tractor and implement
unless the engine is turned off and the par-
king brake is engaged, a gear is engaged and
all attachments or implements are lowered
to the ground.
WARNING: Footstep tractors equipped with
just a safety frame are never equipped with
an approved sun roof at the factory. If the
owner wants to mount a device as protection
from sun or rain, such device must not be a
danger during normal operation or in case of
overturning. Sun roofs normally available on
the market are no protection for the driver
against falling or penetrating objects. The
decal associated to the sun roof indicates that
it is not a protection against objects falling
from above (FOPS).

20
 Safety notes

Risk of overturning
For your safety, it is mandatory that all footstep tractors
are fitted with original Roll Over Protective Structures and
seat belts (Fig.2-18).

In the event of overturning with a tractor fitted with a cab

or ROPS, hold the steering wheel firmly and DO NOT at-
tempt to leave the seat until the tractor has come to rest.
If the doors are locked, leave the tractor through the duly
indicated emergency exits (Fig.2-18).

To avoid side overturns

• Set the wheel track at the widest setting suitable for
the job being done.
2
• Lock the brake pedals together before driving at
transport speeds.

• Reduce speed to match operating conditions. If the

tractor is equipped with a front-end loader, carry the Fig.2-18
bucket and load as low as possible.
• Make wide slow turns at reduced speed. DON'T let
your tractor bounce. You may loose steering control.

• DON'T pull a load too heavy for your tractor. It could

run away on the down slope or the tractor could
jackknife around a towed load.

• DON'T brake suddenly. Apply brakes smoothly and

gradually.

• When going down a slope use the throttle to slow

the tractor engine and use the same gear you would
use to up the slope. Shift into gear before you start
downhill.

• Engage four-wheel drive (if equipped); this will give

greater stability.

WARNING: NEVER disengage the clutch or

attempt to shift gear after you have started Fig.2-19
downhill.

• It is always preferable to travel straight up or down a

steep slope rather than across it.

• Do not overload a front implement or a trailer. Use

suitable counterweights to keep the tractor stable
(Fig.2-20).

• If a load is towed at transport speed, the drawbar

must be locked in central position.

• NEVER use the tractor to round up animals or cattle.

Fig.2-20

21
Safety notes

• Avoid crossing steep slopes if possible. If you

must do so, avoid any holes or depressions on the
downhill side. Avoid any stumps, rocks, bumps or
raised areas on the uphill side. When operating near
ditches or banks, always keep your tractor behind
the shear line (A, Fig.2-22). Avoid ditches, embank-
ments and river banks which might cave in (Fig.2-21).

Fig.2-21 Fig.2-22

• If it is necessary to cross a steep slope, avoid tur-

ning uphill, slow down and make a wide turn. Travel
directly up or down the slope, never across it. When
travelling up or down a slope, keep the heavy end of
the tractor pointed uphill. (Fig.2-23).

• When travelling across a slope with side mounted

implements, keep the implement on the uphill side.
Don't raise the implements. Keep them as low to the
ground as possible when crossing a slope.

• Avoid crossing steep slopes if possible. If you must

do so, avoid any holes or depressions on the downhill
side. Avoid any stumps, rocks, bumps or raised areas
on the uphill side (Fig.2-25).

Fig. 2-25

Fig. 2-24

Fig. 2-23

22
 Safety notes

To avoid rear overturns

WARNING: Hitching to the rear axle, or any
other point above the swinging drawbar, can
cause a rear overturn.

• DO NOT pull anything using the top link connection,

or from any point above the centre line of the rear
axle. Always use an approved drawbar, and only use
a drawbar pin that locks into place.

• High hitching can cause rear overturn, which may

cause serious injury or death. Hitch loads to the
drawbar only.

• If the transversal drilled drawbar mounted on the 2

three-point linkage is used for towing operations on
the field, the lower links must be kept in the lowered
position.

• Use front counterweights to increase tractor stability Fig. 2-26

when towing a heavy load or to counter balance a
heavy rear mounted implement (Fig.2-26).
• DO NOT overload your tractor and DO NOT ballast it
beyond its carrying capacity. Never add ballast weight
to conterbalance an overload. Reduce the load instead
(Fig.2-27).

WARNING: Overload is ALWAYS dangerous.

Check the load capacity of your tractor and
NEVER exceed it (Fig.2-28). See the Technical
Specifications section.

Fig. 2-27

Fig.2-28

23
Safety notes

• Start slowly and increase your speed gradually. DO

NOT rev the engine or drop the clutch. If the tractor
is attached to a heavy load, or immovable object,
improper clutching may cause overturn (Fig.2-30 and
2-31).

• If the front part of the tractor begins lifting, disengage

the clutch at once (Fig.2-29).

• If your tractor is bogged down in mud or frozen to

the ground, DO NOT attempt to drive forwards. The
tractor can rotate around its rear wheels and overturn
(Fig.2-29). Lift any attached implement and attempt
to BACK OUT. If this is not possible, tow it out with
another vehicle.

• If you get stuck in a ditch, BACK OUT, if possible. If

you must go forward, do it slowly and carefully.
Fig.2-29
• When driving on a slope, with or without an implement
mounted on the back, you should drive in reverse when
moving uphill and forward when moving downhill.

• A tractor with a loaded front-end should be backed

down the slope and travel forward uphill. Keep the
loader bucket as low as possible. (Fig.2-31b)

• Always keep the tractor in gear when going downhill.

Never let the tractor coast with clutch disengaged or
transmission in neutral.

Fig.2-30

Fig.2-31

Fig.2-31b

24
 Safety notes

General operating hazards

• Ensure that the PTO shield (1) is in place and that the
cap (2) is fitted when the PTO driveline is not in use
(Fig. 2-32).

• Before connecting, disconnecting, cleaning or

adjusting implements driven by the power take-off,
disengage the PTO, turn the engine off, remove the
ignition key and make sure that the PTO shaft is at
standstill (Fig.2-33).

• Ensure that all the PTO driveline guards are in place

and observe all safety signs (Fig. 2-33).

• Make sure that everyone stands clear of the tractor 2

before engaging the PTO. During stationary use of
your tractor, always shift the gear lever, the reverse
shuttle and the ranges to neutral, engage the parking
brake and secure the wheels of tractor and implement
with wooden wedges or chocks.

• When operating mobile PTO driven equipment, never

leave the tractor seat until the PTO drive is disengaged,
the transmission is in neutral, the parking brake is Fig.2-32
engaged, the engine shut off and the key removed.

• DO NOT use PTO adaptors, reducers or extensions

as they extend the PTO coupler and universal joint
out beyond the protection offered by the PTO shield.

• The top link and lift rods must not be extended beyond
the point where threads begin to show.

DANGER: NEVER attempt to unplug the

hydraulic connections, or adjust an imple-
ment with the engine running or the PTO
drive in operation. There is a great danger of
serious or deadly injuries (Fig.2-34).

• When using chemicals, carefully follow the chemical

manufacturer's instructions for use, storage and dispo-
sal. Also follow the chemical application equipment
manufacturer's instructions.

• When operating under poor visibility conditions, or Fig.2-33

in the dark, use your tractor field lights and reduce
your ground speed. (DO NOT use your field lights
when travelling on a roadway because rear pointed
white lights are illegal except when reversing and
may confuse following drivers).

• Operate your tractor with the wheels set at the widest

setting possible, consistent with the particular task
you are performing. To adjust wheel settings refer to
Maintenance and Adjustment section.

• Reduce your speed when operating over rough or

slippery ground and when foliage restricts your view
of hazards.

• DO NOT make sharp turns at high speed.

Fig.2-34

25
Safety notes
Implements and attachments

WARNING: Use exclusively front loader ap-

proved by the tractor’s manufacturer, with CE
mark and parallelogram type. The installation
and modification of the tractor must be car-
ried out with the highest technical standards
by specialised workshops with qualified
personnel. Such workshops must be able to
guarantee and attest the risk analysis provi-
ded for in the Machinery Directive 2006/42/
EC concerning the foreseen and predictable
use of the tractor with front loader, in order
to carry out all required adaptations of the Fig.2-35
tractor. Use the front loader and all supplied
equipment as prescribed by the loader’s ope-
WARNING: When a tractor with safety frame
rator manual.
is equipped with a front loader, there is a re-
sidual risk due to incorrect and improper us
IMPORTANT: Keep the loader’s operation manual together
of the implement. The risk is due to objects
with the tractor’s manual, always at hand in the storage
falling from above. THE OPERATOR HAS NO
compartment of the tractor. Before driving or operation
PROTECTION AGAINST SUCH DANGER.
your tractor, it is mandatory to read this manual very ca-
refully, with special attention to the chapter concerning To reduce the risk:
safety rules. - Use only loaders equipped with load self-leveling
system, commonly defined as parallelogram type.
WARNING: Use of the front loader and of the - Use only implements that are specifically dedi-
tractor equipped with front loader, if not cated to the work to be done. Strictly follow all
correctly carried out, and handling not secu- directions and warnings mentioned by the loader
red loads constitute a serious danger for the handbook.
operator and everyone standing by, due to - Use the tractor and implement carefully. Drive on
possible objects falling from above. (Fig. 2-35) flat ground and avoid holes, ditches and trenches.
Do not turn, start or stop abruptly.
• Three-point hitch and side mounted implements make - Use only tractors equipped with a closed cab and
a much larger arc when turning than towed equipment.
Make certain to maintain enough clearance for safe with a FOPS system that protects against the fall of
turning. objects with limited weight. If the cab is not equip-
• To use mounted, semi-mounted or towed equipment ped with such protection (see table at page 2), the
and trailers it is required to use exclusively CE marked transformer carries the responsibility to mount on
implements, after reading their operation handbooks the tractor a suitable and approved FOPS protection
carefully, giving maximum attention to risks connected
with their association to the tractor. conforming to the OECD 10 code.
• Implements must be hitched to the tractor by means
of the three-point linkage. It is therefore necessary to
check couplings for compatibility according to their
classes.
The implement has to be fitted with suitable supports
in order to avoid tipping or accidental shifting during
hitching.
Always check three-directional fastening to the tractor
of the mounted or semi-mounted implement, to avoid
dangerous swinging and shaking during transport and
work that could jeopardize the stability of the tractor-
implement assembly.
• The cardan shaft must be always CE-marked and
suitable to tractor-implement coupling. Follow all
directions of the operation manual, concerning both
the fastening according to connection direction and
safety rules to avoid rotation of protections (chains)
and overlaying of the telescopic tubes. Also keep
articulation angles.
• Hitch loads to the drawbar only. Towing or attaching
Fig. 2-36
to other locations may cause the tractor to overturn
(Fig.2-36)
• Improper use of the drawbar, even if correctly posi-
tioned, can cause a rear overturn.
• DO NOT overload an attachment or towed equipment.
Use proper counterweights to maintain tractor stability.
Hitch heavy loads to the drawbar only.

26
 Safety notes

• Check for correct coupling between tow hook and

trailer. See the Towing Attachments chapter.
• Use ballast weight as recommended. NEVER add more
ballast to compensate a higher load than allowed.
Reduce load.
• Only North American markets. A safety chain will
help control drawn equipment should it be acciden-
tally separated from the drawbar while transporting.
Using the proper adaptor parts, attach the chain to
the tractor drawbar support or other specified anchor
location. Provide only enough slack in the chain to
permit turning. See your Dealer for a chain with a
strength rating equal to, or greater than the gross
weight of the towed machine (Fig.2-37).
2
Fig.2-37
Road transport
Before operating your tractor on a public road, a number
of precautions must be taken.

• Family yourself - and comply - with all local bye-laws,

and national laws appropriate to your tractor.
• Lock both brake pedals together.
• Raise all implements to their transport position and
lock them in place.
• Place all implements into their narrowest transport
configuration.
• Disengage the PTO and differential lock.
• Make sure tractor and equipment are equipped with
slow moving vehicle (SMV) signs or beacon if the
law requires them (Fig.2-38 and 2-39).
• Make sure any required clearance flags or hazard
lights are in place and in working order.
• Make sure you use a proper safety hitch pin with a
safety clip retainer.
• Clean off all reflectors and road lights, front and rear,
and be certain they are in working order.
• Three-point hitch and implements jutting out from
Fig.2-38 - Use the symbol in force in your country
the sides make a much larger arc when turning than
towed equipment. Make certain to maintain enough
clearance for safe turning.

Road circulation rules

Before operating your tractor on a public road, a number
of precautions must be taken.

WARNING: DO NOT allow any passengers on

the tractor or towed equipment.

• Know the route you are going to travel.

• Use the prescribed lights or, if required, the rotating
beacon, both in the daytime and in the night-time
(Fig.2-39).
• North America - Use regulation lights and blinking
hazard lights when travelling on road.
• Use caution when towing a load at transport speeds
especially if the towed equipment is NOT equipped
with brakes.
• Observe all local or national regulations regarding the
road speed of your tractor.
• Use extreme caution when driving on snow-covered
or slippery roads.

Fig.2-39

27
Safety notes

• Wait for traffic to clear before entering a public road.

• Beware of blind intersections. Slow down until you
have a clear view.
• DO NOT attempt to pass at any intersection.
• Slow down for turns and curves.
• Make wide, gentle turns.
• Signal your intent to slow, stop or turn.
• Shift to a lower gear before going up or downhill.
(Fig.2-40)
• Keep tractor in gear. Never coast with the clutch
disengaged or transmission in neutral (Fig.2-40).
• Check for correct coupling between power steering on
the tractor and corresponding system on the tractor.
• STAY OUT of the path of oncoming traffic.
• Drive in your correct lane keeping as near to the curb
as possible.
• If traffic builds up behind you, pull off the road and
let it go by.
• Drive defensively. Anticipate what other drivers might
do.
• When towing a heavy load, start braking sooner than
normal and slow down gradually.
• Watch out for overhead obstructions (bridges, trees Fig.2-40
etc.).

SAFETY - AFTER USE

Always stop the tractor safely (DO NO park the tractor on

a slope). Engage the parking brake, engage the Park-Lock
(if equipped), disengage the PTO, engage the lowest gear,
lower any implement to the ground, stop the engine and
remove the ignition key BEFORE leaving the driver’s seat
(Fig.2-41).

Fig.2-41

28

Further notes
The following notes are designed to complete the Opera-
tion and Maintenance Manual to ensure that your tractor
always works safely, reliably and efficiently.
Tractors are mainly designed for towing implements that
are held by a drawbar or three-point linkage or for driving
implements using the PTO.
To obtain the greatest possible towing force, particularly
when using a tractor with dual rear wheels, you should
observe the following rules concerning axle loads and
wheel slip.
If an extra implement is attached, the extra loads must
conform to the specifications given in the Manual or by
your dealer.
1. Front axle payload: 4WD tractors.
The front axle normally bears 40% of the tractor
weight on the road without implements; it may thus
be necessary to add an extra weight on the front end
to ensure that the front axle has traction.
If an implement is mounted on the front end of the
tractor, check the weight of the fully loaded implement
by placing the front axle on a scale: the maximum
axle load must be less than the capacity of the front
axle.
Check the maximum payload capacity of the front
axle (maximum weight allowed on it) in your Opera-
tion and Maintenance Manual).
2. Rear axle payload.
The maximum permissible payload for the rear axle
depends on whether or not the tractor is carrying a
weight or towing a load.
When the tractor is only carrying a load, without tow-
ing, the wheels must have sufficient capacity that is
ensured if the tyres are of the exact size and have
the specified number of plies.
In certain conditions, extra weight may be applied to
the rear axle but it is not normally necessary unless
the ground offers very little grip.
When fully loaded, the weight of the tractor must be
less than the maximum permissible ballasted weight
since the tractor cannot be loaded right up to the
maximum static payload for each of the axles, front
and rear, at the same time.
3. Ballast and wheel slip.
Wheel slip must be measured for the tractor to oper-
ate efficiently during tillage.
On normal terrain in good operating conditions, wheel
slip should be between 4 and 10%.
Safety notes
On loose soil, wheel slip can exceed 12%.
If wheel slip is found to be greater than this amount,
proceed with care as operating conditions might
quickly become unstable and cause early tyre wear.
In certain conditions, it might be better to add ballast
in order to reduce wheel slip, but this increases the
workload of the transmission and thus reduces the
working life of the tractor.
Read the operation handbook or ask your Dealer who
will be able to help you ascertain the maximum ballast
weight you can use in normal working conditions.
Using dual wheels or wider tyres, the tractor will have 2
greater grip but the workload on the transmission will
also be greater in dry and difficult soil conditions.
Dual wheels or wider tyres can sometimes be
mounted for use on slippery or sandy terrain but the
axle weight on hard, dry surfaces must be limited as
the greater grip provided by wider tyres can damage
the transmission.
The only torque limiter in transmission is wheel slip.
4. Front axle lead when four-wheel drive is en-
gaged.
In a 4WD tractor, the ground speed of the front wheels
must be slightly greater than that of the rear wheels,
in order to ensure traction.
The front wheel advance must be preferably between
1% and 4%, at an rate not over 5%.
Greater percentages may be used only on very soft
ground.
The tyres supplied with your tractor have been checked
for the correct advance of the front wheels, but when
you change them, make sure you use tyres of the
same make and size in order to maintain the same
speed ratio between front and rear wheels.
If tyres of different makes are used, their size and
internal pressure may modify this ground speed ratio,
or advance. This could increase the load on the front
axle and lead to unacceptable operating conditions,
excessive tyre wear and, in extreme conditions, dam-
age to the front axle or to the transmission.
Changes in the weight of the tractor, in the pressure
or size of the tyres can cause the tyres themselves
to bounce. This is not only annoying for the driver
in the cab, but it can also cause a loss of grip and
excessive wear in the transmission unit.
29
Safety notes
5. Economy PTO.
As shown in the Operation and Maintenance Manual,
the economy PTO on large tractors is a feature that
makes it possible to use the PTO at standard speed
using lower engine RPM rates.
This feature can only be used when the implements
powered by the PTO are to be used only for light
operations, such as for sprinklers or rakes, which
require less than 30 H.P.
The economy PTO does not need to use the maximum
power of the engine but it is designed to save fuel.
When using the Economy PTO, make sure that the
implement input shaft RPM NEVER exceeds the
recommended RPM for the implement, e.g. max.
610 RPM for a 6 spline shaft (540 RPM), and max.
1170 RPM for a 21 spline shaft (1000 RPM).
6. Working on slopes.
The Operation and Maintenance Manual provides
information on using the tractor on slopes in a safe
manner
It is also important to note that, when working on
very steep slopes, the lubrication conditions in the
transmission may be reduced. This is caused by
the oil flowing towards the front or rear part of the
transmission unit.
Special measures and extra lubrication may be re-
quired when using the tractor under extreme condi-
tions.
Your dealer will be able to assist you if you expect to
work on slopes of over 15°.
7. Remote hydraulic controls.
The hydraulic system of the tractor may be used in
some particular applications to operate the hydraulic
motors.
When using these applications, note that the hydraulic
motors can generate considerable heat and the oil
cooling system of the tractor may not be sufficient
when these high-power hydraulic motors are used.
Some remote applications have an extra cooling sys-
tem. However, every time they are used, make sure
that the oil is cooled and filtered sufficiently in order
to avoid damage to the tractor's hydraulic system.
8. Towing heavy loads (trailers, etc.)
When heavy loads are towed, the road rules in some
countries require a supplementary braking system
(e.g. air or hydraulic trailer brakes).
Check with your dealer possible additional require-
ments for special spplications
30
9. Operating a dry-disc clutch.
Most tractors with a manual gearshift are equipped
with a dry-disc clutch for changing gear.
Since the clutch slips every time the gear is changed,
it can cause a certain amount of wear and thus cre-
ate heat. To ensure long life for the clutch, it is thus
advisable to reduce the load of the tractor and reduce
engine speed when starting up the tractor from a
standing position.
Prolonged slipping at high engine speed with large
loads will cause the clutch disc to heat up, thereby
reducing its working life.
10. Further instructions for the operator.
The Operation and Maintenance Manual provides
instructions to ensure that the tractor is always used
in safe conditions.
If your tractor is also driven by other people, make sure
that they are fully aware of these accident prevention
instructions.
It is forbidden to carry anyone on the outer structure
of the tractor in any circumstances.
This is because the safety frame that protects against
overturning is only designed to protect persons inside
the cab or roll-over protection structure.
11. Chemical filters for the cab.
Use of a filter with chemical absorbent in air-condi-
tioned cabs can increase the degree of protection in
certain applications.
PERSONAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT MAY BE
HOWEVER NECESSARY WHEN USING CHEMICAL
SUBSTANCES.
Wash the tractor and driver’s seat accurately according
to the directions on the product label.
ALWAYS follow the instructions on the labels of the
chemical substances and on the filters to be used.
12. Battery
For detailed information, see the sections Maintenan-
ce - Electric system.

Risks deriving from exposure to
noise
Noise characteristics and measurement
Noise is a pressure variation in an elastic medium, gener-
ally the air, produced by the vibration of a material body
(source) that determines an undesired and often annoy-
ing acoustic sensation. Noise is mainly characterized by:
• sound intensity or level: expresses the entity of the
pressure variation due to the sound wave. Measured in
decibels (dB), it doubles the sound intensity and, thus,
the energy that reaches the ear.
• the risk of accidents.
frequency: expresses the number of pressure varia-
tions of the wave per second and is measured in Herz
(Hz) - acute noises have high frequencies (2000-4000 Hz
or more) while low-pitched noises have low frequencies
(250 Hz or less).
How the risk is evaluated
The higher the sound level and exposure time, the greater
the noise risk will be.
Two parameters are used:
• LAeq (Equivalent continuous weighted level A): this
is a sound level measurement that takes into account
noise fluctuations and the varying sensitivity of the ear
to the frequencies: LAeq is measured with a sound-level
meter;
• PEL (Personal Exposure Level): this is a measurement
that takes the various noise levels into account along
with the time the worker remains on the individual
machines or working at determined processes: PEL
is calculated mathematically.
Noise pathologies
Damage to the hearing
Noise causes hypacusia or deafness because it destroys
the acoustic receptors, nervous cells able to transform
the mechanical sound vibrations into nervous impulses
that, on reaching the brain, determine the aural sensation.
These receptors are irreplaceable if they are destroyed and
the resulting damage is irreversible: hypacusia worsens if
exposure to noise continues and does not improve even
if this terminates.
Moreover, it is also bilateral since it can be accompanied
by annoying buzzing and whistling sounds, and by intoler-
ance to loud noise.
The damage is insidious since it proceeds slowly and
unexpectedly: in the initial phase, when it is limited to a
diminished ability to perceive acute sounds (music, bells)
or the spoken voice when there is a background noise,
it can only be detected by means of an audiometric test.
Pulsating noises of great intensity lasting a very short time
are highly damaging since the ear is unable to actuate any
physiological protective measures in time.
Hypacusia from noise generally arises after several years
of exposure and depends on the PEL (risk almost null
below 80 dBA) and on individual characteristics. It is an
incurable disease: the only efficacious means of protec-
tion against it is prevention.
Safety notes
Other effects
Noise does not just determine aural sensation. For levels
exceeding* 70 dBA, it causes stress by means of the
cerebral integration centers and determines a specific
neurovegetative reaction responsible for effects that lead
to cardiocirculatory and gastroenteric diseases.
Amongst these, it is worthwhile noting: an increase in
gastric acidity, a decrease in the heart rate, visual range
and reflex speed; a sensation of discomfort and weariness
with an increased sense of fatigue.
These effects are dangerous because they also increase
2
Personal equipment to protect
against noise
Individual protective equipment attenuates the sound
energy transmitted to the ear through the air.
This equipment is used when dangerous exposure cannot
be avoided in any other way.
There are different types of devices with different attenuat-
ing capacities: helmets, ear muffs, ear plugs (Fig. 2-42).
Helmets and headsets have the highest dampening ca-
pacity and their use is mandatory when working off road
and noise is over the above limits.
Earplugs are generally better tolerated and are particularly
useful for prolonged exposition to lower noise levels.
CAUTION: It is prescribed that suitable personal
hearing protection be used if exposed every day to a
noise level equal or higher than 85 dBA.
Consult the “Technical specifications” section of
this manual in relation to tractor noise measured
in instantaneous conditions in compliance with the
laws in force.
CAUTION: Do not open the windscreen, the doors or
the side and rear windows during work. The noise
in the cab could rise to such level as to oblige the
operator to wear headsets or other individual pro-
tection against noise.
31
Safety notes
POSITIONS OF THE SAFETY DECALS
All markets (North America excluded)
WARNING: Decals must be always readable. Failing this, ask your Dealer for new ones.

Fig.2-43a Position on tractors with cab

1-2

3 4 3-15b 22 7
8

16

11-21
18 6-24 10-23
15
13-14 5-12

Fig.2-43b Position on footstep tractors and tractors with safety frame

1-2
3-15b
3 7
4 22

16

11
15 17 23
13-14 8-19-20 5-12

32
 Safety notes
POSITIONS OF THE SAFETY DECALS
All markets (North America excluded)
WARNING: Decals must be always readable. Failing this, ask your Dealer for new ones.

Decal 1 Decal 4

WARNING:Danger of entangle- WARNING: Danger of

ment and shearing. Keep your damaging tractor com-
hands well clear of the fan blades ponents and the brake
when the engine is running. Al-
ways keep the guards and screens
circuit in particular.
Before servicing, it is
2
mounted. essential for you to
have read through the
warnings and the in-
structions in the Ope-
rator’s Manual.

Decal 2 Decal 5

WARNING: Danger of entangle- WARNING:Danger of being cru-

ment. Keep hands well clear
of moving parts and be careful
not to get caught up in belts or
pulleys when engine is on. Keep
guards in place.
shed. Your seat belt must always
be correctly fastened in a tractor
with cab and in a footstep tractor
if the safety frame is in the upright
position.

Decal 3 Decal 6
WARNING: Hot surfaces. Risk DANGER:The tractor could over-
of burns to hands and fingers. turn and crush the chest. Hold
Warning. Keep well clear of firmly on to the steering wheel
hot components, keep at a safe if the tractor is overturning. DO
distance. Keep guards in place NOT leave your seat or jump off
when the engine is running. the tractor.

33
Safety notes
Decal 7
DANGER: Danger of being cru-
shed. Always pull the parking bra-
ke lever and engage the Park Lock
(if equipped) when you stop the
tractor and before getting off it.
Decal 8
Only with electronic power lift.
DANGER: Risk of blows and seri-
ous accidents. Keep to one side of
the tractor when using external lift
controls. NEVER STAND between
tractor and implement - you could
be hit by the implement.
Decal 9
DANGER: Risk of entanglement.
Keep clear of rotating shafts. Be
careful NOT to get caught up by
the cardan shaft of the PTO drive-
line. Keep all guards in place on
the transmission shafts on the
tractor and implements.
Decal 10
Only with electronic power lift.
DANGER: Risk of blows and seri-
ous accidents. Keep to one side of
the tractor when using external lift
controls. NEVER STAND between
tractor and implement - you could
be hit by the implement.
34
Decal 11
WARNING: Take care. Read this
book through before using the
machine. Read the directions
for a safe usage with the greatest
attention.
Decal 12
WARNING: Risk of being cru-
shed. DO NOT allow any passen-
ger to sit on the fenders or on
any other part of the tractor or
towed implements.
Decal 13
DANGER: Risk of
being crushed. DO
NOT short across
starter terminals
to start the engine.
This operation could
put your life at risk.
Start engine only
from driving seat.
Decal 14
WARNING: Electrocution. Always disconnect the ne-
gative battery terminal before removing the cover of
the solenoid and before servicing the electrical system.
 Safety notes

Decal 15 Decal 15b

DANGER: Hot steam or water jets. WARNING: Danger of being

Protect your face. Radiator under
pressure when engine is hot. Re-
move cap with caution only when
engine is cold..
crushed. Enter or leave the
tractor through the left-hand
door. If entering or leaving the
tractor through the right-hand
door, avoid any contact with
control levers.

Decal 16

WARNING: Risk of electrocution.

Always disconnect the negative
lead before the positive lead
when removing the battery or
servicing the electrical system.

Decal 17
Located on the safety ROPS (only
for footstep tractors).

WARNING: Risk of overturnig and

crushing. Always keep the safety
frame mounted during work.
Never use the tractor without the
safety frame..

35
Safety notes

Decal 22

WARNING: General warning. Turn off

the engine and remove the ignition
key before any servicing operations
Decal 18
and before getting off the machine for
WARNING: Use individual protections during work, any reason.
such as overalls, heavy duty gloves and safety foo-
twear.

Decal 23

WARNING: Danger of liquid under

pressure being ejected from hydraulic
Decal 19
circuits.
WARNING: Use protective headsets on all tractors
without cab.

Decal 24

Decal 20 WARNING: Emergency exit indication.

WARNING: Tractors without cab have no protection
against harmful substances and dusts (protection level
1). If the tractor is used in dusty environment and to
spray phytosanitary products or chemicals generally
thought of as hazardous to health, the operator must
wear individual protections (mask, goggles) suitable
to the harmfulness of the actual product used. Decal
Used only when the fire extinguisher
is mounted (supplied as kit).

WARNING: General warning. Po-

sition where the fire extinguisher
and its support are placed. The fire
extinguisher must be in this position
during work.

Decal 21
WARNING: Tractors with cab have no protection
against harmful substances, but is protected from
dust (protection level 2). If the tractor is used to
spray phytosanitary products or chemicals generally
thought of as hazardous to health, the operator must
wear individual protections (mask) suitable to the
harmfulness of the actual product used.

36
 Safety notes
POSITIONS OF THE SAFETY DECALS
Only North American markets
WARNING: Decals must be always readable. Failing this, ask your Dealer for new ones.

Fig.2-44a Location on cab tractors

1 2 4 5**

2
6
7-16 8

12
15 13-14 5**

10 - 11 9

* Only with safety frame

** Controls with electronic hitch
Fig.2-44b Location on platforms tractors with safety frame

1 2 17*-18*
5**
3

6
7-16 8

12

15 13-14 4 5**

10 - 11 9

* Only with safety frame

** Controls with electronic hitch

37
Safety notes

POSITIONS OF THE SAFETY DECALS

Only North American markets
WARNING: Decals must be always readable. Failing this, ask your Dealer for new ones.

WARNING WARNING

USE SEAT BELT.

Beware hot parts Keep seat belt adjusted snugly

To avoid personal in- Decal 1 Do not jump if

jury, keep all shields, tractor tips
covers and guards in
place whili engine is Decalcomania 4
running.

Decal 2
WARNING WARNING

Decal 5
Only with electronic power
Stand clear when lift.
Keep hands clear of fan using switch to
and belts while engine move 3 point hitch.
is running.

DANGER DANGER
WARNING
Use only mineral type brake fluid as
specified in the Operator’s Manual.

Incorrect fluid could cause brake sys-

tem fallure and loss of control, resulting
in personal injury or death.
Pull only from approv­
ed drawbar or lower
Decalcomania 3 links of 3-point linkage
at horizontal position
or below.
Rotating driveline con-
tact may cause serious
injury or death.
Keep all driveline, tractor
and equpment sheilds in
place during operation.

Decalcomania 6

38
 Safety notes

WARNING CAUTION
Serious personal injury or ma-
chine damage may result from
overspeed of PTO driven equip-
ment.

Never use the 1000 rpm setting Read the operator instruc-
with the 6 spline shaft installed. tion Book for safety in-
formation and operating
instructions.

Decalcomania 7 Fasten your seat belt be-

2
fore tractor operation.

Start engine only when

seated in operator’s seat.
Decalcomania 11
Make sure everyone is
clear of tractor and equpe-
WARNING ment before starting en-
gine or operation.

Personal injury could result from PTO driveline separation. Keep all shields, covers
and guards and place and
1. Drawbar supplied provides standard distance “A”. Do not change. stay away from moving
PTO SHAFT SIZE DISTANCE “A” parts while engine is run-
ning.
540 35mm (1.38 in) 356mm (14.0 in)
Place transmission shift
1000 35mm (1.38 in) 406mm (16.0 in) lever in neutral and apply
parking brake before us-
2. Three-point link distance “C” and mounter implement distance “D” may not be standard.
ing external 3-point hitch
controls.
Measure distance “B” over complete lift range for
tractor and implement combination. Select driveline Apply parking brake,
length to ensure that driveline will not bottom out at lower equpment, stop
minimum distance “B” and will have sufficient overlap engine and remove key
at maximum distance. before leaving the tractor
unattended.

Wait for all movement

to stop before servicing
Decalcomania 8 tractor or equpment.

Securely support or block

lifted implements which
must be in the raised
position for servicing or
adjustment.

Couple brake pedals to-

WARNING gether for road travel.

Use flashing warning

Serious personal injury
or machine damage
may result from over-
speed of PTO driven
equipment.
Select tractor PTO
speed to match imple-
ment specified speed.
lights and SMV emblem
when on public roads,
except where prohibited
by law.
Decalcomania 9
Always drive with care and
attention.

Do not operate PTO

above recommended
maximum speed.

Nominal Maximum
540 630
1000 1170

Decalcomania 10 Decalcomania 12

39
Safety notes

DANGER WARNING
ROPS upper frame missing.
Start only from seat
To avoid injury or death from
with transmission and
PTO in neutral. tractor rollover, reinstall upper
frame before using tractor.
Starting in gear kills.

Decal 13 Decal 17
Located on the safety ROPS for
footstep tractor.

WARNING WARNING
Remove negative ca-
bles from batteries
before removing sole-
noid cover and before
servicing the electrical
system.

Wheneverclearance permits:
Decal 14 - Keep Rollover Protection Structure
fully extended and locked.
- Keep seat belt fastened.

When structure must be lowered:

- Drive with extra care.
- Seat belt use is not recommended.
No ROPS protection is provided in the
lowered position.

WARNING Decal 18
Located on the safety ROPS for footstep
Hight pressure steam and tractor.
hot water.
Remove filler cap with
extreme care.

Decal 15
DANGER

Shield Explosive Avoid sparks Sulphuric

eyes gas
EXPLOSIVE GASES
Always shield eyes and face from
battery. Cigarettes, flames or sparks
could cause battery to explode.
Do not charge or use booster cables or
adjust post connections without proper
instructions or training.
and flame acid
POISON causes severe bums
Contains sulphuric acid. Avoid contact
with skin, eyes or clothing.
In event of accident flush with water
and call a physician immediately.
Keep out of reach of children.

Decal 16

40
Instruments and controls

Chapter 3
Instruments and controls 3

41
Instruments and controls

Fig.3-1a

Instruments and controls

Version with mechanical reverse shuttle, double pump,
mechanical lift

11. Hydraulic power lift control levers

NOTE: Consult the ‘Operation’ chapter for instructions
on how to correctly use the controls. 12. Parking brake engagement lever

1. Control and instrument panel 13. Accelerator hand lever

- Forward = idling
2. Adjustable steering wheel lock - Back = max. speed

3. Switches 14. Mechanical PTO engagement lever

4. Ignition switch 15. Adjustment of rear flow divider (on request)

5. Gearshift control lever 16. PTO control lever

6. Brake pedals 17. Speed range selector lever

7. Accelerator pedal 18. Main clutch disengaging pedal

8. Auxiliary control valve levers 19. Mechanical reverse shuttle control lever

9. Differential lock engagement button 20. Light and horn switch.

10. Front drive engagement button

42
 Instruments and controls

Fig.3-1b

Instruments and controls

Version with mechanical reverse shuttle, triple pump and
mechanical power lift 12. Differential lock engagement button

NOTE: Consult the ‘Operation’ chapter for instructions 13. Front drive engagement button
on how to correctly use the controls.
14. Side distributor control lever for rh vertical rod and
1. Control and instrument panel hydraulic stabilizers (on request)

2. Adjustable steering wheel lock 15. Hydraulic power lift control levers

3. Switches 16. Parking brake engagement lever

4. Ignition switch 17. Accelerator hand lever

- Forward = idling
5. Gearshift control lever - Back = max. speed

6. Brake pedals 18. Mechanical PTO engagement lever

7. Accelerator pedal 19. Adjustment of rear flow divider (on request).

8. Auxiliary control valve levers 20. PTO control lever

9. Enabling buttons for electro-hydraulic auxiliary con-
trol valves.
10. Hydraulic selector for rh vertical rod and hydraulic
stabilizers (on request)
21. Speed range selector lever
22. Main clutch disengaging pedal
23. Mechanical reverse shuttle control lever

11. Rear electric control valve control switch (on 24. Light and horn switch.
request)

43
Instruments and controls

Fig.3-2

Instruments and controls

Version with mechanical reverse shuttle, triple pump and 13. Control button of side control valve for rh vertical
electronic power lift rod and hydraulic stabilizers (on request)

NOTE: Consult the ‘Operation’ chapter for instructions 14. Rear electric control valve control switch
on how to correctly use the controls. (on request)

1. Control and instrument panel 15. Front drive engagement button

2. Adjustable steering wheel lock 16. Differential lock engagement button

3. Switches 17. Control lever of front control valve

4. Ignition switch 18. Parking brake engagement lever

5. Gearshift control lever 19. Accelerator hand lever

- Forward = idling
6. Brake pedals - Back = max. speed

7. Accelerator pedal 20. Mechanical PTO engagement lever

8. Adjustment of side flow divider (optional) 21. Adjustment of rear flow divider (on request)

9. Auxiliary control valve levers 22. PTO control lever

10. Enabling buttons for electro-hydraulic auxiliary con-
trol valves
11. Hydraulic selector for rh vertical rod and hydraulic
stabilizers (optional)
23. Speed range selector lever
24. Main clutch disengaging pedal
25. Mechanical reverse shuttle control lever

12. Control panel of electronic power lift. 26. Light and horn switch.

44

Fig. 3-3 Instrument panel
Instrument panel
Warning lights (Fig.3-3)
1 - Battery charging warning light. Should go out as
soon as the engine starts.
2 - Engine oil pressure warning light. Should go out as
soon as the engine starts. It is quite normal for this
light to come on if a hot engine is left to idle.
3 - Red warning light. It comes on when the parking
brake is engaged.
4 - Warning light for low pressure in hydraulic circuit
of trailer brake (if mounted and depending on the
market).
5 - Dry air filter blockage warning light. It comes on
when the cartridge needs cleaning or replacing.
Warning buzzer
The buzzer comes on whenever the red warning light
for low pressure in hydraulic transmission system
should come on. In this case, ask your Dealer’s speciali-
zed workshop for help.
Instruments and controls
3
6 - Red warning light (steady) for low pressure in
hydraulic transmission system. If it comes on during
work, consult your authorized Dealer’s
for help.
6 - Red warning light (steady) for Powershuttle filter
blockage (if applicable).
7 - Red warning light. Check the oil level in the brake
fluid reservoir. Top up with designated fluid.
8 - Orange warning light (steady) for transmission and
hydraulic system oil filter blockage.
9- Red warning light for too hot engine coolant. (See
engine coolant temperature indicator)
10-Red warning light of immediate engine “STOP”. It
comes on together with engine oil pressure war-
ning light (2), tractor (7) and trailer (4) brake circuit
oil pressure warning lights, hydraulic system low
pressure warning light (6).
45
Instruments and controls

Fig. 3-4 Instrument panel

Instrument panel
Operation indicator lights (Fig.3-4)

1- 4WD engagement indicator – orange (if mounted). 10 - Overspeed power take-off (only NAO markets).
NOTE: A flashing indicator light signals a problem with
2- 4WD engagement indicator – orange (if mounted). the controller. In this case, ask your Dealer’s specialized
workshop for help.
3- Diff lock indicator - orange.
11- Indicator of 540ECO RPM PTO engaged – orange.
4- Main beam indicator – blue.
12 - Synchronized PTO engaged indicator – orange.
5- Direction indicator light for 2nd trailer – green.
13 - Front PTO engaged indicator (if mounted) - orange.
6- Side light indicator – green.
14 - Left turn indicator light.
7- Direction indicator light for 1st trailer – green.
15 - Right turn indicator light.
8- Glow plugs pre-heating indicator (if mounted) -
orange. 16-17 - Buttons for adjustments.

9- Rear independent PTO engaged indicator – oran-

ge.

46
 Instruments and controls

Power take-off speed indicator - Digital

panel

Fig. 3-7

The indicator (1) displays the operating rate of the PTO

with great accuracy. The operating rate of implements for
which the rotation speed must be precisely selected can
therefore be kept under constant control.
Speed indicator of the PTO engaged (2):
540 RPM; 540 ECO RPM; 1000 RPM

Fig.3-5

RPM meter Speedometer - Digital panel

The engine rate is displayed by a pointer on the outer

3
graduated scale. The pointer should never reach the
2450 RPM zone which shows excessive engine speed

Fig. 3-8
Clock and hour counter
The speedometer displays the ground speed of the
tractor without considering wheel slip.The speed can be
expressed in kph or mph, depending on the country in
Fig. 3-6
which the tractor is to be used.

NOTE: if the originally fitted tyres must be changed for

special jobs, the speedometer can be re-programmed
Clock (1)
to suit the size of the new ones.
See “Instrument adjustments” to set hour and minutes.

Hour meter (2)

The hour meter (2) in the lower part of the instrument
shows the time actually worked, independent of the
engine speed rate.

• Hours are shown by 5 white digits.

• 1/10ths of an hour are shown by a yellow digit.
LCD -
3 - Range indicator
1= Overdrive (or Underdrive)
2= Direct range

4 - Drive direction indicator

- Forward speed indicator
- Reverse gear indicator

5 - Shuttle indicator
N = Neutral
F = Forward
R = Reverse

47
Instruments and controls
Engine coolant temperature gauge
Fig. 3-9
• Blue area = ambient temperature. Wait for the
pointer to reach the green area, indicating the
normal operating temperature.
• Green area = normal operating temperature.
• Red area = temperature too high.
The overheating warning light (1) comes on at 105-110°C
(221-230°C). Possible causes of overheating:
a. Low engine coolant level.
b. Radiator caked with mud, dust, straw, etc.
c. Build-up of deposits in coolant circuit.
d. Loose fan belt.
e. Faulty thermostat.
CAUTION: If the engine temperature is too high, let
the engine idle immediately but do not switch it off.
If the temperature gauge stays in the red, identify
the cause immediately and seek expert advice if
necessary.
Fuel level gauge instrument
Fig.3-10
When the pointer moves into the yellow zone and the red
reserve warning light (1) comes on, there are still about
10 liters of fuel in the tank.
48
Instrument controls
Fig.3-11a
LCD1, LCD2, LCD3 refer to the 3 digital displays, while
P1 and P2 refer to the left and right selection buttons,
respectively (Fig.3-11).
When the instrument is off (ignition key OFF), LCDs 2 and
3 do not display any character, while LCD 1 displays the
time and total hours of work.
By turning the ignition key from OFF to ON, the instrument
will conduct an initial check, it turns on all the lights and
the characters of LCDs 1, 2 and 3. After a few seconds,
it will be set to a default status, in which LCD 1 displays
the time, time worked and the powershift range direc-
tion of travel. LCD 2 displays the speed (in Km/h or MPH
depending on the country) and LCD 3 shows the PTO
type and speed.
By turning the key ON-OFF-ON, this always takes the tool
to the default condition illustrated above.
We will divide the actions set by keys P1 and P2 into
Normal Mode and Setup Mode.
Normal Mode
LCD2 involved only
Each time the P1 button is pressed (not for an extended
period of time), the LCD2 screen displays the Speed
(Km/h), the processed area (ha) and distance (Km).
Processed area
By briefly pressing the P2 key in the processed area
position, the count of the processed area is activated
(the symbol shown in Fig.3-11b starts to flash). By briefly
pressing the P2 key again, the count stops (the relative
symbol stops flashing and stays on).
Fig.3-11b
 Instruments and controls
Distance covered
By briefly pressing the P2 key in the distance covered
position, the count of the distance covered is activated
(the symbol shown in Fig.3-12 flashes). By briefly pressing
the P2 key again, the count stops (the relative symbol
stops flashing and stays on).

Continued pressure (more than 5 sec) of the P2 button

allows to reset such measures. Fig.3-12

By turning the ignition key ON-OFF-ON, this takes the

instrument to the default condition whilst keeping the
counts made.

Setup Mode
Access to the setup menu Fig.3-13.
To access the menu, follow the procedure below:
- Ignition key OFF (instruments cluster OFF).
- Press and hold the P1 button on the instruments cluster,
turn ignition key left to ON (cluster start-up)
NOTE: - Press and hold the P1 button P1 for at least 6
seconds after turning the ignition key to the ON position.
- The central display will indicate the software of the lin- 3
struments cluster for two seconds and will then display
the setup menu.
Fig.3-13
The central display show two lines:
- The top line indicates the number of the menu.
- The bottom line indicates the setup value for the menu
displayed.
Example Fig. 3-13b: The menu reported at the top in-
dicates number 2 (AC2). AC2 (corrisponds to the index
radious of the tyre), which is set to 800.
There are 8 menus listed as ACXX (eg.: AC01 is the first
one) (see Setup Menu Table). To switch from one menu to
the other, press the P2 button on the instruments cluster.
To change the value of a selected menu, press the P1 but-
ton for more than 2 seconds. The second line that shows Fig.3-13b
the value will start to flash.

Changing the setup values

After selecting the desired menu: will stop flashing.
- Press the P1 button to choose the number to edit (the - To exit the setup menu, turn off (ignition key set to OFF).
number is flashing).
- Press the P2 button to change the number.
- By pressing and holding the P1 button for 4-5 seconds,
the selected value will be selected and the lowest line

Setup Menu Table

NOTE: When the message "NOT in the Operator menu" is featured, DO NOT enter this menu.
Menu Description Operator Menu

AC1 Tool width Operator Menu

AC2 Rear tyre Operator Menu
AC3 Type of tractor NOT for the Operator menu
AC4 PdF type and PdF indication of the speed NOT for the Operator menu
AC5 Destination market NOT for the Operator menu
AC6 Operator presence switch NOT for the Operator menu
AC7 Speed reading method NOT for the Operator menu
AC8 Clock setup Operator Menu

49
Instruments and controls

Setup mode size of the tool, type of tyre and clock.

NOTE: if you wait more than 10 seconds without con-

ducting any operation, the panel automatically exits the
setup procedure. To resume the procedure, it is neces-
sary to start from the beginning.

P2 right button to change the menu

Fig.3-14
AC1 - Size of the tool - Fig.3-14
- Press the P1 left button to go to the next line: the digit
starts to flash.
- P2 right button to increase the number of centimeters.
- Press the P1 left button to go to the number of decime-
tres: use the P2 right button to change the value.
- Press the P1 left button to go to the the digit of the me-
tres: use the P2 right button to change the value.
- To save the width of the tool, press and hold the P1 left
button for 5 seconds.
Fig.3-15
AC2 - Size of rear tyres - Fig.3-15
To the figure corresponding to installed rear Table Fig.3-15b
tyres see table Fig.3-15b.
Rear tyres R Index N.
- Press the P1 left button to go to the next line: the digit
starts to flash.
- P2 right button to to change the number from 0 to 5.
- Press the P1 left button to go to the next number: use Mod. V
the P2 right button to change the value. 9.5 R28 550 3
- Press the P1 left button to go to the next number: use 11.2 R 28 575 4
the P2 right button to change the value. 12.4 R 28 600 6
- To save the size of the rear tyres, press and hold the P1
left button for 5 seconds. Mod. FN
375/75 R 20 520 1
13.6 R 24 575 4
AC8 - Clock - Fig.3-16 360/70 R 24 550 3
- Press the P1 left button to go to the next line: the 360/70 R 28 600 6
minutes start to flash. 380/70 R 24 575 4
- P2 right button to increase the numer of minutes from 380/70 R 20 525 2
0 to 60. 400/70 R 24 575 4
- Press the P1 left button to go to the number of hours: P2 405/70 R 20 510 1
right button to change the value from 01 to 24h.
- To save the time press and width of the tool, press and
hold the P1 left button for 5 seconds.

Fig.3-16

50
 Instruments and controls

Dashboard
Fig. 3-17 Dashboard with mechanical reverse shuttle

Light switch (1-Fig.3-17) (1-Fig.3-18)

1 - Light switch for direction indicators and horn.

Only operates with ignition switch in the contact
position.
A- Forwards: right hand direction indicator.
B- Back: left hand direction indicator.
C- Pressed: horn.

1 - Road light switch: turn the knob at the end of the

lever to operate the lights.

Lights off.
Fig. 3-17 Dashboard with mechanical reverse shuttle
Side lights on.

3


Dipped beams.
Pushed down: driving beams.

Rotating beacon switch (with light switch on)

(3 - Fig. 3-17) (only for some models)

0 - Beacon off.
1 - Beacon on.

Field light switch (with light switch on)

(4 - Fig. 3-17)

0 - Field light off.

1 - Field light on.

Ignition switch
(5-Fig.3-17) mechanical reverse shuttle Hazard light switch (2 - Fig.3-17)

STOP - No circuit powered. Engine stopped. The 0 - Lights off.

key can be removed. 1 - Hazard lights on.
- Contact position. Various users powered.
Indicators and controls on.

- Thermostarter preheating position for

cold weather starting.

- Engine start position. Key automatically

START returns to power on position when relea-
sed.

Steering wheel adjustment (6-Fig.3-17)

- Unscrew the knob to adjust the steering wheel

height.

- Tighten the knob again to lock the steering wheel

in the required position.

Fig. 3-18- Light and horn switch.

51
Instruments and controls

Seat
The operator’s seat is equipped with devices to adjust
the suspension, height and distance from the controls.
(Fig. 3-19).

Seat suspension
It can be modified to suit the driver’s weight by means
of a handle which can be easily reached from the opera-
tor’s seat (2).
Firm suspension:
turn the handle clockwise (+).
Soft suspension:
turn the handle anti-clockwise (-).

Forward/back adjustment of the seat

Disengage the lever (1) to adjust the seat backwards or
forwards.

Adjusting the height of the seat

Turn the knob (3) to raise or lower the seat. Fig. 3-19 - Driver’s seat:
1 - Suspension adjustment.
2 - Forward/back adjustment.
3 - Height adjustment.

De Luxe seat
(option)
(Fig.3-19B)
The driver’s seat can be adjusted in suspension and
distance from controls.

Horizontal adjustment
Release the lever (2) to move the seat forward or
backward.

Seat suspension
The suspension can be changed according to the driver’s
body weight by means of a knob (1).
- Hard suspension: turn the knob in a clockwise direction
(+).
- Soft suspension: turn the knob in an anti-clockwise
direction (-).

Fig. 3-19B

CAUTION: Use water and a neutral detergent to clean

the coatings, the controls and the PU dashboard. Any
commercial product to clean car interiors may be used.
DO NOT use any kind of solvents or alcohol.

52
 Instruments and controls

Operator present sensor

The seat cushion acts as a switch. The moment no load
is sensed (the operator’s own weight) an alarm sounds
(Fig.3-20A).

WARNING: To warn the operator of incorrect

usage, the tractor has an automatic alarm
system that sounds when the operator is not
correctly seated in driving position while the
machine is being used.

In all machines, both with mechanic and hydraulic

gearbox, this alarm sounds whenever the operator
leaves his/her seat without turning off the engine, and
is silenced only after engaging the parking brake and
shifting the gear to neutral.
Fig.3-20A
Machines with hydraulic reverse shuttle are equipped

3
with a further restraint that acts (whenever the opera-
tor gets off his/her seat without turning off the engi-
ne) with inhibition of forward and reverse hydraulic
clutches if the tractor is at standstill. If the tractor is
moving, the system inhibits the same clutches as soon
as the neutral position of the reverse shuttle lever is
sensed: in such a condition it is therefore required to
shift the shuttle in neutral to stop the tractor.

WARNING: Do not tamper with this compo-

nent in any way.

Contact your Dealer immediately if the system is not

operating correctly.

53
Instruments and controls

Miscellaneous (Fig. 3-21)

Quick couplings (1)

Quick couplings of the «Push-Pull» type for auxiliary
spool valves are supplied for remote controls.

Oil union for hydraulic trailer braks (2).

(Available on request on certain markets).

7-pin rear socket for trailer (3).

12V power socket (4).

Fig.3-21

Tool box (Fig.3-22)

The standard tool box (1) contains a kit of tools for the
daily maintenance.

Fig. 3-22

54

Access to the tractor with cab
WARNING: Do not jump on or off the tractor.
It may cause injuries. Always face the tractor,
use the hand rails and steps, and get on or
off slowly. Maintain a minimum three point
contact to avoid falling (both hands on rails
and one foot on the step, or one hand on the
hand rail and both feet on the steps).
Enter or leave the tractor through the left-hand door.
Cab emergency exit
The rear window of the cab may be used as an emer-
gency exit.
If you have to get out the cabin an emergency and it is
not possible to use the left door: turn the engine off,
open the rear door by means of the central handle and
get out quickly.
Instruments and controls
Access to the tractor with footstep
WARNING: Do not jump on or off the tractor.
It may cause injuries. Always face the tractor,
use the hand rails and steps, and get on or
off slowly. Maintain a minimum three point
contact to avoid falling (both hands on rails
and one foot on the step, or one hand on the
hand rail and both feet on the steps).
Climb into or down the tractor with the left-hand ladder.
55
Instruments and controls

CAB
All non-metallic components within the cab comply with the ISO 3795 standard.
The cab is approved according to OECD codes concerning ROPS test (protection against overturning) and safety belts.

Cab description

Cab components - Fig.3-23

1 - Openable windscreen
2 - Adjustable rear view mirrors
3 - Front field lights
4 - Rotating beacon
5 - Openable rear door
6 - Left-hand side door
7 - Right-hand side door

Front and rear field lights

Fig.3-24
The lights operate when the ignition key has been turned
to the contact position.

The field lights are adjustable. You can therefore direct Fig.3-23
the light beam in the most suitable direction, depending
on the job in hand.
To turn on the lights, press down the switches (1 and 4)
as indicated.

– (1) Rear light switch.

– (4) Frront light switch.
– Rotating beacon switch (2)
– Front window wiper and washer switch (3)

Front/rear windscreen wiper

(Operates when the ignition key has been turned to the
contact position)

5 - Front windscreen wiper (Fig. 3-24)

6 - Rear windscreen wiper (Fig. 3-25) Fig.3-24

Operation of the two switches:

Pos. 1 - Wiper off

Pos. 2 - Switch down to the first position: wiper on.

Front window wiper and washer (3-Fig.3-24)

CAUTION: Do not open the windscreen, the doors or

the side and rear windows during work. The noise in
the cab could rise to such level as to oblige the ope-
rator to wear headsets or other individual protection
against noise.

Fig.3-25

56
 Instruments and controls

Controls within the cab - Fig. 3-26

1 - 4 front air vents
2 - Cab light
Press one side of the glass to switch the light on.
3 - Presetting for radio and speaker installation
4 - Fuse box
5 - Field light and rotating beacon switch

Ventilation – Fig. 3-26

The cab ventilation is operated by means of 4 front air
vents (1). Position the air flow in the required direction
by turning the vents.

The air that flows into the cab can be drawn from either
Fig.3-26
inside the cab or outside by means of the vents.

Internal air recycling (6-Fig.3-26) 3

– Closed. Air sucked up from the outside.
– Open: Air sucked up from inside the cab.

RECIRCULATION VENT (6 - Fig.3-27)

Slide the louver toregulate amount of fresh air intake/
recirculationof air within the cab.

Conditioner activating button

(1-Fig. 3-27).

Fig.3-37

Heating – Fig. 3-27

Electric fan – Fig. 3-27
Use knob (3) to adjust the temperature of the hot air.
You can vary the amount of air let into the cab by selecting
Pos. A - Maximum heating one of the speeds provided by the electric fan.

Pos. B - Heating off Turn the knob (2) clockwise to increase fan speed.

Select the speed of the electric fan with knob (2), to adjust Fan switch (2)
the quantity of air let into the cab. 0 - OFF
1 - Slow
2 - Medium
3 - Fast

57
Instruments and controls

CAB AIR CONDITIONING CON-

TROLS (on request)

How to turn on the conditioner and

regulate the temperature

Conditioner activating and regulating button

Operates when the ignition key has been turned to the

contact position.
Air conditioner switch (1 - Fig.3-28):
- Press to turn on the air conditioning system.
- Press again to turn off the air conditioning system.

CAUTION:
- The air conditioner will not operate when the engi- Fig. 3-28
ne is at a standstill as the compressor is operated by
the engine itself.
- Make sure that the air conditioner control is in the
off position before starting the engine.
Use of the air conditioner
Use of the air conditioning system allows you to obtain
- Always turn on the electric fan before operating
cool and dehumidified air or hot and dehumidified air.
the air conditioner.
It is operated in the following way (Fig. 3-28).
- The conditioner cannot operate when the electric
fan is off.
Heater control knob
Before turning the conditioner on, make sure that the
Fan control knob heating knob (3) is on the off position.
You can vary the amount of air let into the cab by selecting
Pos. B - Heating off
one of the speeds provided by the electric fan.
Fan switch (2 - Fig.3-28)
0 - OFF Starting
1 - Slow Start the engine and turn on the electric fan, then press
2 - Medium the button (1) to operate the conditioner.
3 - Fast
Regulation
To regulate the air conditioning in the cab, always open the
Heater control knob (3 - Fig. 3-28)
recirculation air vents (6- Fig.3-26) when the conditioner
Use knob (3) to adjust the temperature of the hot air.
operates and keep the doors and rear window closed.
Pos. A - Maximum heating
Pos. B - Heating off After a lengthy period exposed to the sun, bring the tem-
perature inside the cab to the correct level by turning on
the conditioner whilst the tractor is on the move and by
Air vents
opening the rear window for about one minutes in order
The flow of air let into the cab can be set in the required
to allow the hot air to escape.
direction by turning the 4 front air vents (4 - Fig. 3-28).
Stopping
Internal air recycling (6-Fig.3-26)
Before you stop the engine, always turn off the conditioner
– Closed. Air sucked up from the outside.
by setting button (1) to the off position and turning the
– Open: Air sucked up from inside the cab.
electric fan knob (2) off.

WARNING: If the tractor is to remain unused for a

Defrost Control Operation
- Position the air flow in the required direction by turning
the vents (4).
- Press (1) to turn on the air conditioning system.
- Use knob (3) to adjust the temperature of the hot air.
long period of time, or if the system is not used, re-
member to allow the air conditioner to operate for
about 15 minutes each week.
This precautionary measure prevents gas from lea-
king from the compressor.

NOTE: See the cab maintenance section for filter use

and maintenance.

58
Operation

Chapter 4
Operation
4

59
Operation
OPERATION
WARNING: Carefully read the starting instruc-
tions before starting the tractor.
WARNING: Always take into account the use
of the machine and the work place. Take
every precaution, specially if there is a high
risk of fire.
WARNING: DO NOT start the tractor from the
ground. Always start the tractor only from the
operator’s seat.
WARNING: DO NOT start the tractor if the
bonnet is open or the guards are removed.
WARNING: The operator must always seat in
his/her place when driving the tractor both in
the field and on roads. DO NOT stand up from
your seat when the tractor is moving.
ENGINE
Starting the engine
WARNING: The engine may be started only in
the conditions given here under. If this fails
to occur, have the tractor repaired by your
Dealer or authorized service centre.
A- Check that the reverse shuttle and gearshift levers
are in neutral.
B- For tractors with mechanical PTO, shift the inde-
pendent/synchronised PTO lever to neutral.
C- Make sure the auxiliary valve levers are in neutral.
D- Depress the clutch pedal all the way.
TURBO ENGINE: Allow the engine to run for a few
seconds with the starter motor to allow the turbo com-
pressor to be lubricated.
As soon as the engine starts, accelerate to a 1000-1200
RPM rate without increasing further until the engine has
reached the normal operating temperature.
E- Turn the ignition key to the contact position. Then
turn the ignition key to the “START” position. Rele-
ase the key as soon as the engine fires and quickly
set the accelerator lever to the idling speed.
60
Cold weather starting (temperatures
below 0°C)(32°F)
CAUTION: When outdoor temperatures drop
to around or below 0°C. (32°F), check the
cooling system and if necessary add the
recommended antifreeze.
WARNING: Do not inject fluids (ether) to
make the engine easier to start in cold
weather. The tractor is equipped with a cold
weather starting system.
Proceed as follows:
- Perform operations A,B, C, as instructed above.
- Turn the ignition key to the pre-heat position (the
indicator light (1 - Fig.4-1a) comes on and keep it
there for 20 seconds, then turn the ignition key to the
“START” position. If the engine fails to start within 15
seconds, return the key to the pre-heating position.
- Wait a further 10 seconds and then turn the ignition
key to the “START” position again.
- As soon as the engine starts, release the key.
- If the engine fails to start, repeat the pre-heating or
starting procedure as described above.
NOTE:
- If the engine fails to start after two or three attempts
and smoke can be seen coming out of the exhaust,
repeat the starting procedure without the thermostar-
ter pre-heating phase.
- Do not keep the key turned to the start position for
more than 10 seconds at a time.
- Wait at least 1 minute between one attempt at starting
and another.
If the engine does not start regularly and easily, do not
continue as for you may run down the battery. Bleed
any air that may have accumulated in the fuel system
and, if the problem persists, check that:
- The fuel filters are not blocked.
- The battery and thermostarter are efficient.
- The fuses of the ignition circuit are in good conditions
and that the fuel shut-off valve is open (contact your
dealer or a specialized workshop).
Fig.4-1a

Starting the tractor
WARNING: Before moving off, make sure
you are perfectly familiar with the brakes,
transmission, PTO, diff lock and engine shut
off.
After starting the engine:
1 - Fully depress the clutch pedal, select the gear
required and then select the speed range.
WARNING: Make sure that the reverse shut-
tle lever is set for the direction required.
2 - Release the parking brake.
WARNING: Look out of bystanders, especial-
ly when backing up.
3 - Accelerate the engine slightly and gradually release
the gearshift clutch pedal.
4 - Move your foot completely off the clutch pedal and
slowly accelerate until you have reached the speed
you need.
Operation
CAUTION: Do not keep your foot on the
gearshift clutch pedal when driving and
remember to check and adjust the clutch to
prolong its life and avoid sudden damage to
it.
CAUTION: If your tractor is equipped with
a mechanical reverse shuttle, always bring
the tractor to a complete standstill before
changing direction.
Accelerator pedal
The accelerator pedal can over-ride the setting of the
hand throttle lever to accelerate the engine. However,
when you release the pedal, the engine returns to the
speed set by the hand lever.
When using the accelerator pedal, always set the hand
throttle lever to the idling position.
Stopping the tractor
- Reduce the engine speed.
- Depress the gearshift clutch pedal to disengage
drive. 4
- Once the tractor has come to a stop, move the gear
lever and speed range lever to neutral before relea-
sing the gearshift clutch pedal.
- Use both pedal brakes to stop the tractor and then
apply the parking brake.
Turning off the engine
- Turn the hand throttle lever to the “Idling” position.
- Stop the engine by turning the ignition key to the
STOP position to disconnect all electrical circuits.
TURBO ENGINE: Take care when stopping the engine
after a period of operation at full load. It is advisable
to allow it to idle for 3 or 4 minutes before stopping it.
This allows the overheated compressor to cool down to
an acceptable temperature.
Running in
For a correct running in, it is necessary to observe all
precautions called for in the Maintenance section.
61
 Operation

Clutch
Gearshift clutch pedal (Fig. 4-2).

- Pedal up = drive engaged.

- Pedal down = drive disengaged.

Make your gear changes gradually. When the engine

is under load, do not slip the clutch to accelerate, but
change to a lower gear.

WARNING:
- Never keep your foot resting on the gear-
shift clutch pedal when driving.
- Never coast down slopes with the gear
lever in neutral.

Fig.4-2 - Clutch pedal.

Gearbox - 40 kph Gearbox - 30 kph

The gearbox is available with a number of options to meet

The gearbox is available with a number of options to meet
specific needs of the operator.
specific needs of the operator.
Speed Four
Speed Four
Four gear gearbox for three ranges (Low - Standard - High)
Four gear gearbox for three ranges (Low - Standard - High)
and Underdrive with synchro reverse shuttle.
and Overdrive with synchro reverse shuttle.
It gives a total of 24 FWD + 12 REV speeds.
It gives a total of 24 FWD + 12 REV speeds.
With Creeper (on request):
With Creeper (on request):
Four gear gearbox for four ranges (Low - Standard - High
Four gear gearbox for four ranges (Low - Standard - High
and optional Creeper) and Overdrive with synchro reverse
and optional Creeper) and Overdrive with synchro reverse
shuttle.
shuttle.
It gives a total of 32 FWD + 16 REV speeds.
It gives a total of 32 FWD + 16 REV speeds.
Speed Four 12+12 (on request):
Four gear gearbox for three ranges (Low - Standard - High)
with synchro reverse shuttle.
It gives a total of 12 FWD + 12 REV speeds.

62
 Operation

Ground speed tables

Speedfour 12+12 - 30 km/h

The following tables list the various speeds, in kph, The tables show speeds which can be obtained using
which different types and versions of tractor can reach the standard 12 forward and 12 reverse speed gearbox
at maximum rated speed. with reverse shuttle.

Models V-FN Speeds in kph with engine at 2200 RPM and with the mentioned rear tyres
(To convert kph into mph, multiply kph x 0.625 to equal mph)

REAR TYRES
12.4 R 28 11.2 R 28 13.6 R 24
OPTION
RANGE GEAR 14.9 R 24 380/70 R 24 12.4 R 24 375/75 R 20
360/70 R 28 320/70 R 28 400/70 R 24 360/70 R 24

1 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3
2 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.1
3 3.3 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.7
Slow 4 4.8 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.0
4
FORWARD GEARS

1 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.3

2 6.2 5.9 5.8 5.6 5.2
STANDARD

3 7.8 7.4 7.3 7.1 6.6

DIrect 4 11.5 11.0 10.8 10.4 9.8

1 9.7 9.2 9.1 8.8 8.2

2 15.2 14.5 14.3 13.8 12.9
3 19.2 18.4 18.1 17.5 16.4
Fast 4 28.2 27.1 26.8 25.8 24.1

1 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4

2 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.2
3 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.8
REVERSE SHUTTLE GEARS

Slow 4 4.8 4.6 4.5 4.4 4.1

1 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.3

2 6.2 6.0 5.8 5.6 5.3
3 7.8 7.5 7.4 7.1 6.7
DIrect 4 11.6 11.1 10.9 10.5 9.9
STANDARD

1 9.8 9.4 9.2 8.9 8.3

2 15.3 14.7 14.5 14.0 13.1
3 19.3 18.5 18.3 17.7 16.5
Fast 4 28.5 27.3 27.0 26.1 24.3

63
Operation

Gearshift levers

Gear lever (1-Fig. 4-3)

The lever has four different positions. All four gears are
fully synchronized. (Fig.4-4)

Fig.4-4
Four lever positions equivalent to
four fully synchronized gears
.

Speed range selector lever

(2 - Fig.4-3)
The speed range selector lever has four possible posi-
tions corresponding to the creeper, low, standard and
high speed ranges. Each speed range is identified by a
symbol on the knob of the lever (Fig. 4-5).
Fig.4-3 - Speed control levers.
1 - Gearshift lever.
2 - Range selector lever: (Creeper, On request) Low,
Normal, High range.
3 - Mechanical shuttle lever and Overdrive/Underdrive.

Fig.4-5
Four lever positions
equivalent to four
speed ranges.

Creeper range (On request)

Low range

Standard range

High range

To change from one speed range to another, disenga-

ge the gearshift clutch pedal, and bring the tractor to
a complete standstill before moving the speed range
selector to its new position.

64
 Operation

Reverse shuttle and Overdrive/Un-

derdrivelever
To engage the forward or reverse gears, you must de-
press the gearshift clutch pedal, stop the tractor and
then select the required reverse shuttle lever position.
You must do this even if the gears are synchronized
(Fig. 4-6).

A - Forward gears.
N - Neutral.
R - Reverse gears.
O - Overdrive 40 km/h - 4RM
- Underdirve 30 km/h - 2RM

the UNDERDRIVE is mounted

(12 forward gears with speeds reduced by
22% in relation to the standard speed)
Fig.4-6 - Reverse shuttle control lever.
the OVERDRIVE is mounted
(12 forward gears with speeds increased by
29% in relation to the standard speed).

CAUTION: Disengage the gearshift clutch, stop the

tractor and move the lever to the required position
to engage the creeper unit and reverse shuttle (even
when this latter has a synchronized clutch).
Just disengage the clutch to engage the underdrive 4
or overdrive.

WARNING: Ensure that the safety equipment

allow the engine to be started only when the
reverse shuttle and PTO control levers are
in neutral position. Never disable the safety
equipment. If it does not operate correctly,
let it be adjusted by specialized personnel
only.

Drive direction indicator lights

Two arrow-shaped lights on the instrument panel show
the drive direction (Fig. 4-7).

1 - Forward gears (green)

2 - Reverse gears (orange)
3 -Power Four indicator
1= Overdrive/ Underdrive
2= Direct Drive
4 - Range indicator
F= Forward gears
N= in neutral
R= Reverse gears

Fig. 4-7

65
Operation

Ground speed tables 40 Km/h - OVERDRIVE

Models V-FN Speeds in kph with engine at 2200 RPM and with the mentioned rear tyres
(To convert kph into mph, multiply kph x 0.625 to equal mph)

REAR TYRES
12.4 R 28 11.2 R 28 13.6 R 24
OPTION
RANGE GEAR 14.9 R 24 380/70 R 24 12.4 R 24 375/75 R 20
360/70 R 28 320/70 R 28 400/70 R 24 360/70 R 24

1 0.38 0.36 0.36 0.34 0.31
2 0.58 0.56 0.54 0.51 0.49
3 0.74 0.72 0.69 0.67 0.63
4 1,08 1.03 1.01 0.98 0.92
Direct


1 0.49 0.47 0.45 0.43 0.40
CREEPER*

2 0.76 0.72 0.69 067 0.63

3 0.94 0.90 0.87 0.85 0.78
Overdrive 4 1.39 1.32 1.30 1.25 1.16

1 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3

FORWARD GEARS

2 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.1

3 3.3 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.7
Slow 4 4.8 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.0

1 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.3

2 6.2 5.9 5.8 5.6 5.2
3 7.8 7.4 7.3 7.1 6.6
Normal 4 11.5 11.0 10.8 10.4 9.8
STANDARD

1 9.7 9.2 9.1 8.8 8.2

2 15.2 14.5 14.3 13.8 12.9
3 19.2 18.4 18.1 17.5 16.4
Fast 4 28.2 27.1 26.8 25.8 24.1

1 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.8

2 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.8
3 4.2 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.5
Slow 4 6.2 5.9 5.8 5.6 5.2
1 5.1 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.3
2 7.9 7.6 7.5 7.3 6.7
3 10.0 9.6 9.5 9.1 8.5
Normal 4 14.8 14.2 14.0 13.5 12.6
OVERDRIVE

1 12.5 11.9 11.8 11.3 10.6

2 19.5 18.7 18.5 17.9 16.7
3 24.7 23.7 23.4 22.6 21.1
Fast 4 36.4 34.9 34.5 33.3 31.1

* Creeper on request

66
 Operation

REAR TYRES
12.4 R 28 11.2 R 28 13.6 R 24
OPTION
RANGE GEAR 14.9 R 24 380/70 R 24 12.4 R 24 375/75 R 20
360/70 R 28 320/70 R 28 400/70 R 24 360/70 R 24

1 0.38 0.36 0.36 0.34 0.31
2 0.58 0.56 0.54 0.51 0.49
CREEPER*

3 0.74 0.72 0.69 0.67 0.63

4 1,08 1.03 1.01 0.98 0.92
Direct

1 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4

2 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.2
3 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.8
REVERSE GEARS

Slow 4 4.8 4.6 4.5 4.4 4.1

1 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.3

4
2 6.2 6.0 5.8 5.6 5.3
3 7.8 7.5 7.4 7.1 6.7
Normal 4 11.6 11.1 10.9 10.5 9.9
STANDARD

1 9.8 9.4 9.2 8.9 8.3

2 15.3 14.7 14.5 14.0 13.1
3 19.3 18.5 18.3 17.7 16.5
Fast 4 28.5 27.3 27.0 26.1 24.3

* Creeper on request

67
Operation

Ground speed tables 30 Km/h - UNDERDRIVE

Models V-FN Speeds in kph with engine at 2200 RPM and with the mentioned rear tyres
(To convert kph into mph, multiply kph x 0.625 to equal mph)

REAR TYRES
12.4 R 28 11.2 R 28 13.6 R 24
OPTION RANGE GEAR
14.9 R 24 380/70 R 24 12.4 R 24 375/75 R 20
360/70 R 28 320/70 R 28 400/70 R 24 360/70 R 24

1 0.31 0.29 0.29 0.27 0.25
2 0.49 0.47 0.45 0.43 0.40
3 0.60 0.58 0.56 0.54 0.51
4 0.87 0.85 0.83 0.81 0.74
Underdrive


1 0.38 0.36 0.36 0.34 0.31
CREEPER*

2 0.58 0.56 0.54 0.51 0.49

3 0.74 0.72 0.69 0.67 0.63
Direct 4 1,08 1.03 1.01 0.98 0.92

1 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1

FORWARD GEARS

2 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.8

3 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3
Slow 4 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.3
1 3.3 3.2 3.1 2.9 2.7
2 5.1 4.9 4.8 4.6 4.3
3 6.4 6.2 6.1 5.8 5.4
UNDERDRIVE

Normal 4 9.5 9.1 9.0 8.7 8.1

1 8.0 7.7 7.5 7.3 6.8
2 12.6 12.1 11.9 11.5 10.7
3 15.9 15.2 15.0 14.5 13.5
Fast 4 23.4 22.9 22.2 21.4 19.9

1 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3

2 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.1
3 3.3 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.7
Slow 4 4.8 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.0

1 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.3

2 6.2 5.9 5.8 5.6 5.2
3 7.8 7.4 7.3 7.1 6.6
Normal 4 11.5 11.0 10.8 10.4 9.8
STANDARD

1 9.7 9.2 9.1 8.8 8.2

2 15.2 14.5 14.3 13.8 12.9
3 19.2 18.4 18.1 17.5 16.4
Fast 4 28.2 27.1 26.8 25.8 24.1

* Creeper on request.

68
 Operation

REAR TYRES
12.4 R 28 11.2 R 28 13.6 R 24
OPTION
RANGE GEAR 14.9 R 24 380/70 R 24 12.4 R 24 375/75 R 20
360/70 R 28 320/70 R 28 400/70 R 24 360/70 R 24

1 0.38 0.36 0.36 0.34 0.31
2 0.58 0.56 0.54 0.51 0.49
CREEPER*

3 0.74 0.72 0.69 0.67 0.63

4 1,08 1.03 1.01 0.98 0.92
Direct

1 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4

2 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.2
3 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.8
REVERSE GEARS

Slow 4 4.8 4.6 4.5 4.4 4.1

1 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.3

4
2 6.2 6.0 5.8 5.6 5.3
3 7.8 7.5 7.4 7.1 6.7
Normal 4 11.6 11.1 10.9 10.5 9.9
STANDARD

1 9.8 9.4 9.2 8.9 8.3

2 15.3 14.7 14.5 14.0 13.1
3 19.3 18.5 18.3 17.7 16.5
Fast 4 28.5 27.3 27.0 26.1 24.3

* Creeper on request.

69
Operation

Mechanical power take-off clutch

PTO clutch control lever (Fig.4-8)

– Pos. A = power take-off engaged.

– Pos. B = power take-off disengaged.

Disengage the PTO clutch by pulling the lever to the

coupling point. Depress the button on the lever to
release it and disengage the clutch.

2 - Coupling point of PTO engagement lever.

Warning: When working with the

mechanical power take-off, the clutch
should be disengaged only for the time
strictly needed for the required operations.

Mechanical PTO engagement Fig.4-8

Available power take-offs
1– Shift lever (1 - Fig. 4-8) in the disengagement
540 RPM - Only for NAO markets, North America
position B to disengage the clutch.
540 - 750 RPM
540 - 1000 RPM
2– Select the required PTO speed 540/540ECO/1000
RPM with selector lever (1 - Fig.4-9).

3– Engage the selector lever to operate the PTO (3 -

Fig.4-8);

4– Slowly move the control lever (1) to the engagement

position (A - Fig.4-8) to engage the PTO.

5– Engage/disengage the PTO during work by the

engagement control (1 - Fig.4-8).

CAUTION: When the PTO is not in use, keep the

clutch disengagement lever (1 - Fig.4-8) in the forward
position (clutch engaged) and disengage the PTO with
the relative lever (3 - Fig.4-8). During work with the
PTO, the clutch should be disengaged only for the time
strictly needed for the required operations.

WARNING: When using the PTO with a

stationary tractor, always make sure that the
creeper lever of the gearshift is in neutral and
that the parking brake is engaged.

WARNING: High-inertia implements do not

stop immediately after the independent PTO Fig.4-9
has been disengaged. Wait for the implement
to slow down or stop completely before
performing any cleaning or adjustment
operations.

70
 Operation

PTO operation - All types

PTO operation selector lever (1 - Fig. 4-10)

Description of the symbols on the decal placed on the

right of the control lever (Fig.4-10).

A - Independent PTO engaged.

Directly driven by the engine.

IMPORTANT: Always keep the lever in position A

during work. Shift the lever to position B only if the
synchronized PTO has to be used. Shift the lever to
position A again after using the synchronized PTO.

0 - Neutral

B - Synchronized PTO proportional to ground speed

engaged. (On request)
Driven by the gearbox.
Fig.4-10 - PTO operation selector lever

Engine - Power take-off RPM meter for

electro-hydraulic PTO

Independent power take-off

All types
The PTO can operate at 540 RPM with a 1944 RPM engine
4
rate or at 1000 RPM engine rate with the engine at 1956
RPM. (On request 540ECO RPM with engine at 1375
RPM). It is driven directly by the engine, and its operation
is fully independent from the ground speed of the tractor.

Independent PTO engagement Fig. 4-11

The direct PTO should be engaged with the engine at
idling speed and without hesitation. Do not heed any
noises due to tooth meshing.
Always keep the lever in “A” position (Fig.4-8), for
independent PTO engaged.
The synchronized PTO should be used only if necessary
(see “Synchronized PTO” section).
The indicator (1) displays the operating rate of the PTO
with great accuracy. The operating rate of implements for
which the rotation speed must be precisely selected can
therefore be kept under constant control.
Speed indicator of the PTO engaged (2):
540 RPM; 540 ECO RPM; 1000 RPM

71
Operation

Synchronized Power Take-Off

(Optional)

Use of the synchronized rear power take-off with the

gearbox is solely designed for towing self-driven trailers
and, more generally, for all those farming implements
which have to operate synchronised with tractor move-
ment and which do not require more than 40 - 45% of
rated engine power.
Engage the synchronized power take-off with the tractor
at standstill. Depress the clutch pedal to disengage the
gearshift clutch and shift the lever (1- Fig. 4-12) to the
“B” position.

Synchronized PTO engagement

The synchronized PTO has to be engaged without applying

any force, with the engine at idling speed. Move the tractor
a little forward to make the engagement easier. Sometime
you may need to engage the hydraulic PTO clutch for an Fig. 4-12
instant in order to allow the gear teeth to align and make
their engagement easier. When the synchronized PTO is
not used, the lever should be shifted to the direct PTO
position (lever 1, position A - Fig. 4-12).

IMPORTANT: When using the synchronized PTO and

if you are forced to reverse once or several times,
remember that the driveline inverts its spinning direc-
tion. Thus, with certain implements, it is advisable to
disengage the PTO when reversing in order to avoid
major damage (lever 1 - Fig. 4-28).

NOTE: For a table of the revolutions of the power take-

off output shaft for each revolution of the rear wheels,
see the Technical Specifications chapter.

72
 Operation

Speed range selection

Available power take-offs

540 RPM - Only for NAO markets, North America
540 - 750 RPM
540 - 1000 RPM

To switch from the 540 RPM speed to the 1000 RPM

speed (or 540E RPM) and vice versa, use the speed
selector lever (1 - Fig. 4-13) which can assume two posi-
tions:

– Position 1 = 540 RPM PTO

– Position 2 = 540E RPM PTO

or 1000 RPM PTO

CAUTION: Always disengage the PTO clutch

before passing from a rotation speed to ano- Fig. 4-13
ther. (lever 1, position B, Fig. 4-8).

WARNING: Only use PTO at 540 RPM (or

540ECO) or at 1000 RPM to drive implements
designed for such respective rotation speeds.
Never allow the PTO shaft to rotate at more PTO overspeed
than 630 RPM with implements designed for (NAO markets only)
540 RPM. The indicator light (1 - Fig.4-14) on the dashboard comes
on if the max. allowed rated PTO speed is exceeded.
Reduce the engine rated speed to reduce the PTO
4
speed.

Economy PTO NOTE: A flashing indicator light signals a problem with

the controller. In this case, ask your Dealer’s specialized
A PTO speed of 540 RPM can be obtained for imple- workshop for help.
ments that do not require maximum power, such as
fertilizer spreaders, sprayers, etc.) by using the PTO at
540ECO RPM and decelerating to 1375 RPM. The PTO
economy mode has a number of advantages, including
a reduction in fuel consumption, noise and vibrations.

WARNING: Economy PTO 540 ECO runs at

1375 RPM. Never exceed 1890 RPM engine rate
(corresponding to 630 RPM of the PTO drive-
line) to avoid major damages to the driveline
itself and the connected implement.

Fig. 4-14

73
Operation

Precautions when using the PTO

WARNING: PTO drivelines and implements

operated by the PTO can be extremely dan-
gerous. It is important to comply with the
following instructions:

WARNING: Never drive without the PTO

caps (2) or protection (1) mounted. These
components protect the operators from
injury and the shaft splines from damage
(Fig. 4-15).

WARNING: Before connecting, adjusting or

working on implements operated by the
PTO, disengage the PTO, stop the engine,
remove the ignition key and engage the
parking brake. Never work under raised
Fig.4-15 - PTO shaft guards
implements.

WARNING: Make sure that all implements

operated by the PTO are fitted with the
correct protections, are in a good condition
and comply with the laws in force.
WARNING: Before driving an implement
through the PTO, ALWAYS make sure that
all bystanders are well away from the trac-
tor.
WARNING: Fix the draw bar in the central
position when using implements operated
by the tractor’s PTO.
WARNING: Never exceed 630 RPM
with implements designed
for 540 RPM
WARNING: Economy PTO 540 ECO runs at
1375 RPM. Never exceed 1890 RPM engine rate
(corresponding to 630 RPM of the PTO drive-
line) to avoid major damages to the driveline
itself and the connected implement.

WARNING: When using the PTO with the

tractor at a standstill, always make sure
that the gears are in neutral position and
that the parking brake is engaged.

WARNING: Before starting up any PTO-dri-

ven implement hitched to the three-point
linkage, lift the implement to its full height
and check that at least 1/4 of the total
length of the telescopic section of the drive
shaft is engaged. Adjust the height limiter
on the electronic power lift to limit the
maximum height of the stroke.

Paddy fields warning

When using the tractor in paddy fields or marshy
ground, where the water level could rise above the
height of the PTO, ask your dealer for instructions on
all necessary waterproofing and sealing measures. If
such measures are not taken, the guarantee could be
rendered invalid.

74
 Operation

Brakes
The rear and front brakes are multi-disc oil bath units.
Brake action is hydraulic, controlled by pumps operated
by the pedals.
A brake fluid reservoir (1 - Fig.4-16)keeps the brake
circuit supplied with fluid.

WARNING: When changing or topping up the

brake fluid in the reservoir, see the Fuel and
lubricant chart.

Main brakes
The main brakes are operated by means of two pedals
(4- Fig. 4-17), one for each rear wheel. Braking on one
side assists steering in tight manoeuvres. By locking
the rear wheel on the inside of a curve, you can virtually
turn the tractor around on its own axis. For simulta- Fig.4-16 - Brake fluid reservoir
neous braking during normal use and for on-road use,
simply lock the two pedals together with the special
brake coupling lock (3 - Fig. 4179). It becomes even
more important to do this if the tractor is also equipped
with front brakes, since a device installed in the hydrau-
lic control circuit only allows the front brakes to be used
if the two pedals are operated at the same time.

WARNING: Always keep the brake pedals

coupled for on-road driving to ensure simul- 4
taneous braking on all four wheels. Never
use the brakes independently when driving
on public roads.

WARNING: If you ever notice the brakes

becoming less effective, identify the cause
immediately and repair. When working on
slopes, avoid using the brakes as much as
possible and select a lower gear in order to
use engine braking.
Fig.4-17 - Brakes
Front brakes (wide 4WD axle only) - FN

Hydrostatic braking control by means of two pedals on

the operator’s right: the two pedals must be coupled
together by a locking device to provide simultaneous
braking action on front wheels.
4WD Assisted Stops (narrow 4WD axle only) - V
4WD will engage whenever both brake pedals are applied
together, no matter what position the 4WD switch is in
giving 4 wheel braking.
When both brake pedals are applied together the 4WD
indicator lamp on the instrument cluster will illuminate.
Parking brake
A hand lever (1 - Fig. 4-17) controls the parking brake.
This acts, via a series of linkages, directly on the brake
discs and is fully independent of the foot brakes. The
parking brake can therefore also be used as an emer-
gency brake.
The parking brake lever is held in place by a ratchet
mechanism.
To release the lever, simply press the button at the end
of the lever (2 - Fig.4-17).
A red warning light on the instrument panel comes on
to show that the parking brake is engaged.

75
Operation

Hydraulic trailer brake (Approved for

ITALY) - Fig. 4-18
The tractor braking system can be equipped with a
hydraulic valve which, if connected to the hydraulic
circuit of the trailer brakes, allows the trailer itself to be
braked along with the tractor. .
Comply with the following instructions to correctly
connect and disconnect the flexible trailer brake tube to
and from the union (1) at the rear of the tractor and to
always operate in conditions of the utmost safety.

The trailer-tractor connecting tube can be connected

and disconnected with the engine either running or at a
standstill:

- With the engine at a standstill: there are no diffi-

culties when either connecting or disconnecting as
there is no oil pressure in the brake circuit. Fig.4-18 -Hydraulic trailer braking tap (Approved for
ITALY).
- With the engine running: it is essential to engage 1 - Oil tap union.
the hand brake since this ensures that no pressure 2 - Indicator light on dashboard.
remains in the brake circuit.

Hydraulic trailer brake (Approved for

WARNING: It is extremely important to al-
ways carry out this operation before deta-
ching the trailer from the tractor since it en-
sures the immediate action of the automatic
safety braking system with which this trailer
braking system is obligatorily equipped.
There is a specific indicator light (2) on the control panel
of the tractor which keeps the operator constantly
informed about the operating conditions of the trailer
brake oil tap.
Indicator light off:
- When the oil tap is not connected to the trailer.
- When the pressure of the oil in the circuit is regular
with the trailer connected.
FRANCE and EXPORT market) (Fig. 4-19)
The tractor braking system can be equipped with a
dedicated hydraulic valve that, if connected to the
hydraulic circuit of the trailer brakes, allows the trailer to
be braked along with the tractor.
The flexible tube of the trailer brakes should be connec-
ted to the union (1) installed at the rear of the tractor.
WARNING: Always take great care during
these operations. Your safety and other per-
sons’ is at stake!

Indicator light on:

- When the engine is at a standstill and the ignition key
is turned to first position.
- When the hand brake is engaged with the engine
running.

WARNING: If the indicator light should

come on in conditions differing from those
mentioned above, this means that there is a
fault in the braking system and that use of it
must immediately stop for safety reasons.

Fig.4-19-Hydraulic trailer braking tap

(Approved for FRANCE and EXPORT market).
1- Oil tap union.

76
 Operation

Locking the differential

The tractors are fitted with a system for locking the
differential on the rear and front axles on 4WD models.
The system is used when a wheel slips because of lack
of grip. To lock the differentials, just press the button (1
- Fig. 2-20a/b) under the control panel of the electronic
power lift for a second. If the tractor is fitted with 4WD
with Hydralock system, this control not only locks the
rear differential, but also the front one.

A yellow function indicator on the instrument panel

lights up to indicate that the diff lock is engaged (cab
versions only).

NOTE: For the best results, engage the diff lock before Fig.4-20a - Mechanical lift
the wheels are likely to slip. Do not engage the lock
while one of the wheels is actually slipping. Do not lock
the differential without previously depressing the clutch
pedal.

Keep the differential locked until the driving wheels do

not slip any more. Just depress both brake pedals to
unlock the differential.

WARNING: Disengage the diff lock when you

need to turn the tractor. Disengage the lock
when driving on a road. 4
Four-wheel drive
4WD increases traction on broken ground, muddy and
slippery surfaces, etc.

Press the button (1 - Fig. 4-20 a/b) to engage or disenga-

ge 4WD.
Fig.4-20b - Electronic lift
Both operations must be carried out while the tractor
is on the move, on a straight stretch and never under
load.

NOTE: Only use four-wheel drive when strictly neces-

sary. Avoid use of 4WD when maximum traction is not
required, e.g. on hard ground, roads, etc., since this
would only increase tyre wear unnecessarily.

4WD front drive with differential lock

On some tractor models, the 4WD front axle can be

equipped with the “Hydralock” differential lock. The
front differential lock automatically engages when the
rear differential lock button is depressed. Slightly de-
press one or both brake pedals to disengage it.

77
Operation

Adjusting wheel tracks

Adjusting wheel tracks on 2WD axles (If availa-
ble, according to market)

WARNING: When you lift up the tractor to

adjust the wheel tracks, follow the directions
for lifting in the Safety Notes section.

The front wheel track of tractors with two driving

wheels can be adjusted to different widths in steps of
100 mm (3.94”) each (Fig.4-21).

Proceed in the following way to adjust track width (Fig.

4-22 and 4-23):

• Use wooden wedges to block completely any axle

swing.
• Use a jack lift of suitable capacity at the centre of the
axle to lift the front axle.

• Unscrew and remove the nuts, bolts (1) and wa-

shers that hold the sliding ends.

• Remove the bolt (2) that fastens the track rod

clamp. Fig.4-21 - Front wheel tracks for 2WD tractors.

(Conversion: 1 m = 3.281 ft)
• Slide the RH end sideways and fix it at the required
track width.

• Repeat the same operation for the LH end. The po-

sition of the hydraulic steering cylinder must also be
adjusted by moving the support (4) to one of the five
positions (5) that corresponds to the required track
width.
The wheel nuts should be fastened to a torque of
120-145 Nm.
IMPORTANT: After removing and fitting the wheels back
again, it is important to check the torques of all bolts by
means of a torque wrench at the following intervals:
- First check after 10 work hours.
- Second check after 50 work hours.
- Third check and further checks every 500 work hours.

Fig.4-22
Fig.4-23

78
 Operation

4WD front axle

Adjusting the max. steering angle

The maximum steering angle of the 4WD front axle can

be varied depending on the type of tyre mounted and
the way the tractor is used. The angle is changed by
adjusting the stop screw (1 - Fig. 4-24) on the final drive
of the axle.

This adjustment is very useful when adopting minimum

track since it prevents the wheels from interfering with
the engine housing.

Fig.4-24 - Adjusting the steering angle.

1 - Adjuster screw.
2 - Check nut.

79
Operation

Front axle track adjustment, 4WD - Narrow track

Interflange 958 mm

Adjusting wheel track on 4WD axles

The track on 4WD tractors can be adjusted by changing

the position at which the wheels are fixed to the wheel
hubs or by changing the position of the wheel hubs as
shown in the table that follows .

The wheel nuts should be fastened to a torque (Fig.

4-25) of 255 to 315 Nm (135-150 lbs/ft).

If the wheel is removed to invert the central disc, make

sure that the tyre is fitted with the tread tips pointing in
the forward turning direction as indicated by an arrow
on the tyre itself.

Fig.4-25

Front Tyres Wheels Track Wheel inside Overall width

mm mm mm

6.50-16 5.50F-16 A 788 623 953

B 852 687 1017
C 864 699 1029
D 928 763 1093
E 938 773 1103
F 1002 837 1167
G 1014 913 1243
H 1078 913 1243

7.50-16 5.50F-16 A 788 597,5 978,5

B 852 661,5 1042,5
C 864 673,5 1054,5
D 928 737,5 1118,5
E 938 747,5 1128,5
F 1002 811,5 1192,5
G 1014 823,5 1204,5
H 1078 887,5 1268,5

6.00-16 4.00-16 A 808 656 960

B 872 720 1024
C 884 732 1036
D 918 766 1070
E 948 796 1100
F 982 830 1134
G 994 842 1146
H 1058 906 1210

Fig. 4-26 - Track tables for front narrow axle tractors.

NOTE: A few tracks might cause interference between wheels and motor. The maximum swing angle should therefore
be adjusted as convenient.

80
 Operation

WARNING: When you lift up the tractor to
adjust the wheel tracks, follow the directions
for lifting in the Safety Notes section.
WARNING: Maximum attention must be used
when dismounting the front wheels: because
of their weight, a suitable hoist must be used
to remove and handle the wheels.
IMPORTANT: After removing and fitting the wheels back
again, it is important to check the torques of all bolts by
means of a torque wrench at the following intervals:
- First check after 10 work hours.
- Second check after 50 work hours.
- Third check and further checks every 500 work hours.

Wheel disc pointing inwards Wheel disc pointing outwards

4
A E

B F

C G

D H

Fig.4-27 - Front tracks for 4WD Tractors - Narrow

81
Operation

Front axle track adjustment, 4WD - Wide track

Interflange 1054 mm

Adjusting wheel track on 4WD axles

The track on 4WD tractors can be adjusted by changing

the position at which the wheels are fixed to the wheel
hubs or by changing the position of the wheel hubs as
shown in the table that follows .

The wheel nuts should be fastened to a torque (Fig.

4-25) of 185 to 255 Nm (135-150 lbs/ft).

If the wheel is removed to invert the central disc, make

sure that the tyre is fitted with the tread tips pointing in
the forward turning direction as indicated by an arrow
on the tyre itself.

Fig.4-28

Front Tyres Wheels Track Wheel inside Overall width

mm mm mm

280/70 R 16 W7-16 A 928 648 1208

E 1196 916 1476

260/70 R 16 W7-16 A 928 668 1188

E 1196 936 1456

240/70 R 16 W7-16 A 928 688 1168

E 1196 956 1436

280/70 R 18 W9-18 A 884 604 1164
B 990 710 1270
C 934 654 1214
D 1040 760 1320
E 1084 804 1364
F 1190 910 1470
G 1134 854 1414
H 1240 960 1520

Fig. 4-29 - Track tables for front wide axle tractors.

NOTE: A few tracks might cause interference between wheels and motor. The maximum swing angle should therefore
be adjusted as convenient.

82
 Operation

WARNING: When you lift up the tractor to
adjust the wheel tracks, follow the directions
for lifting in the Safety Notes section.
WARNING: Maximum attention must be used
when dismounting the front wheels: because
of their weight, a suitable hoist must be used
to remove and handle the wheels.
IMPORTANT: After removing and fitting the wheels back
again, it is important to check the torques of all bolts by
means of a torque wrench at the following intervals:
- First check after 10 work hours.
- Second check after 50 work hours.
- Third check and further checks every 500 work hours.

Wheel disc pointing inwards Wheel disc pointing outwards

4
A E

B F

C G

D H

Fig.4-30 - Front tracks for 4WD Tractors - Wide

83
Operation

Rear track width adjustment

One Interflange 785 mm.
The rear track width can be adjusted by changing the
position of the rim fixing points or the central wheel
discs, as shown in the table below.

Torque the nuts and bolts (1 - Fig. 4-31) that fix the rim
to the disc to 205-245 Nm and those (2) that fix the disc
to the wheel hub to 340-420 Nm. Always check tyre
pressure.

Certain track widths cannot be obtained with some tyre

types (see table Fig. 4-32).

WARNING: When you lift up the tractor to
adjust the wheel tracks, follow the directions
for lifting in the Safety Notes section.
WARNING: Maximum attention must be used
when dismounting the rear wheels: because
of their weight, a suitable hoist must be used
to remove and handle the wheels.
Fig.4-31
IMPORTANT: After removing and fitting the wheels back
again, it is important to check the torques of all bolts by
means of a torque wrench at the following intervals:
- First check after 10 work hours.
- Second check after 50 work hours.
- Third check and further checks every 500 work hours.
If the wheel is removed to invert the central disc, make
sure that the tyre is fitted with the tread tips pointing in
the forward turning direction as indicated by an arrow
on the tyre itself.

Adjusting rear track widths - Rim and disc position

Wheel disc pointing inwards Wheel disc pointing outwards

A E

B F

C G

D H

Fig.4-32 - Rear track widths

84
 Operation

Interflange 785 mm.

Rear Tyres Wheels Track Wheel inside Overall width

mm mm mm

11.2 R 28 W10-28 D 762 478 1046

E 825 541 1109
F 937 653 1221
G 951 667 1235
H 1062 778 1346

12.4 R 28 W10-28 E 825 510 1140

F 937 622 1252
G 951 636 1266
H 1062 747 1377

9.5 R 28 W8-28 D 743 502 984

E 845 604 1086
F 953 712 1194
G 935 694 1176
H 1046 805 1287

280/70 R 16 W11-24 G 874 529 1219

H 968 623 1313
4
360/70 R 24 W11-24 G 874 514 1234
H 968 608 1328

380/70 R 24 W12-24 D 897 517 1277

G 952 572 1332
H 1065 685 1445

400/70 R 24 W12-24 D 897 497 1297

G 952 552 1352
H 1065 665 1465

405/70 R 20 W11-20 G 928 493 1303

380/70 R 20 W11-20 G 898 518 1278

375/75 R 20 W11-20 G 898 523 1273

360/70 R 28 W10-28 F 937 577 1297

G 951 591 1311
H 1062 702 1422

Certain track widths cannot be obtained with some tyre types

Fig.4-33 - Rear track table

85
Operation
Wheels and tyres
Regularly check that the front and rear wheel nuts are
fully tightened.
Tyre pressure must be checked and adjusted before
using the tractor. Make further checks at regular inter-
vals.
NOTE: Tractors are supplied by the manufacturer with
tyres inflated at higher pressures then recommended.
The pressure should be adjusted afterwards by the user
according to values given in the tables of tyre manufac-
turers and to the use anticipated for the tractor.
If these simple rules are carefully followed, they will
ensure maximum working life for your tyres.
If you notice any cuts in the tread or side walls, have
them vulcanized immediately to avoid further damage
to the tyre.
Drive slowly on roads if the pressure in the tyres has
been reduced for use on soft earth.
To obtain maximum efficiency, do not use tyres with
more than 30-50% wear.
NOTE: If the tractor is not going to be used for a long
period of time, support it on raised blocks to remove the
load from the tyres.
NOTE: Avoid parking the tractor on floors which are
covered with oil or diesel fuel. Also avoid parking the
tractor where the tyres are permanently exposed to
direct sunlight, especially if the tractor is not going to be
used for some time.
WARNING: Use a suitable hoist or lifting
device to handle, mount and dismount the
wheels.
Fig.4-33b
86
Wheel removing procedure
WARNING: If a wheel has to be removed (e.g.
to remove a punched tyre), this operation
must be carried out by a suitably equipped
workshop. If the suitable equipment or such
a workshop are not available, take the tractor
to a specialised workshop, where the tractor
will be lifted with an equipment suited to its
weight and dimensions.
Procedure
- Turn off the engine, engage the parking brake and the
first gear. Engage the Park Lock (if equipped).
- To remove a front wheel apply a jack lift of suitable ca-
pacity at the front axle next to the wheel to be remove
(Fig.4-33b).
- To remove a rear wheel, use wooden wedges on the
front axle to block completely any tractor swing. Use a
jack lift of suitable capacity in the centre of the rear axle
(Fig.4-33c).
- Loosen the nuts (bolts) fastening the wheel of about one
turn by the provided wrench.
- Before lifting the tractor, check there are no persons next
to it and do not touch the tractor again until it is not again
lowered to the ground.
- Lift the tractor a few centimetres.
- Unscrew all nuts (bolts) that fasten the wheel and re-
move the wheel
- Inflate the tyre if required. See the inflating procedure
in this chapter.
- Mount the wheel taking to exactly match the locating
pins. Screw the nuts (bolts) down again.
- Lower the tractor to the ground. Remove the jack and
fully tighten the nuts (bolts) alternating a nut (bolt) with
the opposite one.
- As soon as possible, take your tractor to the service
workshop to tighten the wheel nuts (bolts) to the pre-
scribed torque.
Fig.4-33c
 Operation

Tyre inflation procedure

DO NOT inflate a tyre that has gone completely flat. If
the tyre has lost all air pressure, have a qualified tyre
mechanic service the tyre.

WARNING: A tyre must always be inflated wi-

thin a restraining device (tyre inflation cage)
(Fig. 4-33d).

Proceed as follows to inflate a tyre:

- Use a safety hose of suitable length, equipped with
air nozzle, double-valve gauge and graduated scale to
measure pressure. Fig.4-33d
- Keep a safe distance from the tyre and keep before
inflating the tyre completely.
- Inflate the tyre to the recommended air pressure. DO
NOT INFLATE THE TYRE MORE THAN THE RECOM-
MENDED PRESSURE.

Tyres
The following is a list of tyre types and front/rear com-
binations. Please ask your Dealer for information on
further combinations.
On tractors with 40 Kph overdrive gearbox only tures
marked as «load index A8» may be used.
NOTE: Tractors are supplied by the manufacturer with
tyres inflated at higher pressures then recommended.
The pressure should be adjusted afterwards by the user
according to values given in the tables of tyre manufac-
turers and to the use anticipated for the tractor.

Tyre table for Vineyard tractors with cab - 2WD (To convert bar, multiply bar x 14.5 = psi)

Front tyres Rear tyres

N Tyre Rim Tyre Rim

1 6.00-16 6Pr 4.00 E 16 12.4 R 28 121A8 W10-28

2 10.75-12 6Pr 7.00-12 13.6 R 24 121A8 W11-24
3 5.00-15 6Pr 3.00 D - 15 11.2 R 28 116A8 W10-28

87
Operation

Tyre combinations for 4WD tractors

Table 1 - Tyre combinations for front narrow 4WD front axle

90V
- No Creeper, four-wheel drive transmission box 29/31, mechanical ratio 1.6005
- With Creeper, four-wheel drive transmission box 32/30, mechanical ratio 1.6039

No. Front Tyres Rear Tyres

Tyre Rim Tyre Rim

4 6.50 - 16 6Pr 5.50F-16 11.2 R 28 116A8 W 10-28

6 7.50-16 8Pr 5.50F-16 12.4 R 28 121A8 W 10-28

13 6.00 - 16 6Pr 4.00E-16 9.5 R 28 6Pr W 8-28

Table 2 - Tyre combinations for front wide 4WD front axle, with Hydrolock and brakes
90F-N
- No Creeper, four-wheel drive transmission box 32/29, mechanical ratio 1.5046
- With Creeper, four-wheel drive transmission box 33/30, mechanical ratio 1.5093

No. Front Tyres Rear Tyres

Tyre Rim Tyre Rim

5 280/70R16 112A8 W7-16 13.6 R 24 121A8 W 11-24

7 260/70R16 W7-16 360/70 R 24 122A8 W 11-24

8 280/70R16 112A8 W7-16 380/70 R 24 125A8 W 12-24

9 280/70R16 112A8 W7-16 400/70 R 24 127A8 W 12-24

10 240/70R16 112A8 W7-16 405/70 R 20 136G W 11-20

10 240/70R16 112A8 W7-16 375/75 R 20 143B W 11-20

12 280/70R18 114A8 W9-18 360/70 R 28 125A8 W 10-28

88
 Operation

Ballast
When the tyre is not sufficiently loaded in relation to the
traction the tractor must produce during work, it may
easily slip, causing loss of speed and wear on the tread
plus reduced efficiency on the job. To get the most out
of tractor power, it is therefore advisable to ballast the
tractor by applying cast iron rings to the driving wheels
or by filling the tyres with water.

Ballasting the front axle

If heavy implements that might destabilize the tractor
are hitched to the lift, cast iron plates can be added to
the front end to counterbalance their weight (Fig. 4-34).

The plates have handles so that they can be mounted

and demounted more easily. Fig.4-34
They should be applied to the radiator core support and
fixed with the relative rods.
WARNING: Manual lifting of the ballast is a
Combinations: potentially dangerous operation.
4 cast iron plates, 36 kg each = 144 kg

WARNING: Due to the great weight of each

ballast, manual lifting of front and rear ballast
WARNING: Always lift the rear ballast by a weights could be dangerous for your safety.
hook or similar device.
Use exclusively a hook or suitable equipment
4
to lift front and rear ballast weights.
IMPORTANT:
- Do not ballast the tractor over its rated carrying
weight.
- When using the tractor for light work, transport and
on-road towing, remove the ballast to avoid unneces-
sary strain on the mechanical components.
- With semi-mounted and fully mounted implements
(which inevitably increase the load on the rear axle
of the tractor), ballast must only be used when strictly
necessary. There is no point in increasing grip beyond
the level necessary for efficient work as this will redu-
ce tyre life.
- Carefully check the tyre inflation pressure since this
will make the tyre last longer and ensure a wear
more evenly regular use.
- The softer the soil, the lower tyre inflation must be,
while the tyre should be inflated to a greater extent as
the soil becomes more compact.

89
Operation

Ballasting with water

In relation to ballasting with cast iron rings on the dri-
The tractor can also be ballasted by filling the tyres with ving wheels, this type of weighting offers the following
water. advantages:

To lower the freezing point a few degrees in winter, - Low cost.

add calcium chloride to the water in compliance with
the proportions given in the following table. The ballast
should evidently be removed when the job does not re-
quire excessive draft, otherwise the soil could become
excessively compressed.
The following table (Fig. 4-35) gives approximate values
for the liters of water and kilos of calcium chloride
required to prepare the antifreeze solution used to
three-quarters (75%) fill each tyre.
- Easy preparation.
- Improved steering.
- The weight of the driving wheels can be regulated
according to the real requirements.
CAUTION: Ballasting with water and calcium chlori-
de antifreeze solution can increase corrosion of the
components that come into contact with the mixtu-
re.

Fig.4-35 TYRE CAPACITIES FOR BALLASTING WITH WATER

Ballasting with antifreeze solution for temperatures over – 20° C.
Capacity Water Commercial
Tyre to valve Kgs (litres) sodium Weight of
size level (75%) for chloride the solution
with water only antifreeze 70 to 72% Kgs
Kgs (litres) solution Kgs

11.2 - 28 89 77 28 105
12.4 - 28 103 89 26 115
13.6 - 24 120 103 30 133
360/70 - 24 - 100 27 116
360/70 - 28 122 108 32 140
380/70 - 24 130 116 35 151

NOTE: This table contains only indicative data. The operator should ballast wheels with water on the base of the tables
issued by the tyre manufacturer and according to the use anticipated for the tractor.

90
 Operation

How to fill the tyres with water
WARNING: when you prepare a solution of
calcium chloride to ballast the tyres, NE-
VER EVER pour the water on to the calcium
chloride since this could lead to a violent
reaction. This danger can be avoided by
adding the calcium chloride very slowly to
the water and stirring until it has complete-
ly dissolved.
How to deflate the tyres
– Jack up the tyre in question (Fig. 4-36) and set it
with its valve pointing downwards.
– Unscrew the mobile union of the valve and allow the
water to drain from the tyre.
– Tighten the relative union into the valve housing and
place the tube (4) in contact with the tyre.

Jack up the wheel and position it with the valve right at
the top (Fig. 4-36).
Unscrew the movable union of the valve and wait until
the tyre deflates.
Tighten the relative fitting (3 - Fig. 4-36) into the valve
housing (1) and apply the tube (2). Air will escape from
the little tube (4) as the tyre is filled with water.
The tyres are filled to the three-quarter mark when wa-
ter escapes from the small tube (4) if this is positioned
completely downwards.
To add less water, i.e. obtain a lower weight, turn the
wheel so that the valve is in a more downward position.
– Blow in pressurized air through the union (2): the
remaining water will drain through the tube (4).
– Remove the union (3), replace it with the valve retai-
ner and then inflate the tyre.
NOTE - Never use ballasting systems differing from the
ones indicated above.
CAUTION: Ballasting with water and anti-freeze
solution containing calcium chloride might cause
corrosion of the parts in contact with the solution.

Tighten the union on the valve casing again and inflate

the tyre with air until obtaining the prescribed pressure.

Take the following precautions when preparing the

4
water-calcium chloride mixture (antifreeze solution for
the cold season):

- Pour the necessary amount of water in a vessel and

then pour in calcium chloride until the established
quantity has been reached. Never pour water on to
the calcium chloride as this would cause a violent
reaction.

- Only use the solution after it has completely cooled.

To limit the acidity, add 1% of soda in proportion to
the calcium chloride used.

- After inflating the tyre, thoroughly rinse any metal

parts that may have been wetted with this corrosive
solution, with water.

Fig.4-36-Indicative layout for water ballasting.

1 - Valve housing.
2 - Water tube union.
3 - Special fitting to pour in and drain out the water.
4 - Air bleeding tube.

91
Operation
TOWING ATTACHMENTS Front pull hook
The tractor is equipped with a front pull hook for emer-
gency pulling operations from the front and for towing
Front tow hook (optional).
the tractor. (Fig. -37)
Tow hooks for tractors with three-point linkage and me- WARNING: DO NOT raise the tractor using the tow-
chanical stabilizers: ing hook.
- Class C tow hook, height adjustable (only Italy and
non-EEC countries).
- Class D2 tow hook, height adjustable for tractors with
hydraulically braked trailer (Italy and non-EEC countries).
- EEC swinging towbar (Italy excluded).
- EEC manual turning tow hook, height adjustable (Italy
excluded).

Tow hooks for tractors with three-point linkage and hy-

draulic stabilizers:
- Class C sliding tow hook (Italy and non-EEC countries).
- Class D2 sliding tow hook, height adjustable for trac-
tors with hydraulically braked trailer (Italy and non-EEC
countries).
- EEC swinging towbar (Italy excluded).
- EEC sliding manual turning tow hook, height adjust-
able (Italy excluded).
- EEC sliding manual turning tow hook, with swinging Fig.4-37 - Front pull hook.
drawbar (Italy excluded).

NOTE: Figures of tow hooks in this section are only

given as an indication. Such hooks may look different
according to make and market.

CAUTION: Use exclusively the provided hooks

to tow the machine.

CAUTION: Refer to licensing documents is-

sued by the Ministry of Transport to know data
relating to max. vertical and horizontal loads on
tow hooks and max. trailer weights.

Class C tow hook

Fig.4-38 - Class C rear tow hook.
A class C tow hook (Fig. 4-38) may be fitted for towing
single or twin axle agricultural implements and trailers.
To make hitching the implement easier, this device can
be adjusted in height. It can be set both over and under
the PTO shaft in a total of 4 positions. Refer to Fig. 4-39
for ground clearances.
To re-position the tow hook, pull out the securing pins
(1 - Fig. 4-38) to free the hook and move it to the de-
sired height.
Positioning of the how hook is extremely important.
Manoeuverability and stability in driving depends on
implements and trailers being hitched at the correct
height.
In the higher positions, the tow hook has a greater
towing capacity but the risk of lifting the tractor’s front
wheels is also greater.
When using the four wheel drive, keep the tow hook in
one of the lower positions so that the drawbar remains
as horizontal as possible. This keeps the weight over
the front axle and improves tractive force.

Fig.4-39 - Class C tow hook positions.

Dimensions in mm (1 mm = 0.039 in)

92
 Operation

Class C tow hook with quick height adjustment

The tractor may be equipped with a class C tow hook

with quick height adjustment. This tow hook allows six
different heights above the ground.
A lever (A - Fig. 4-40) releases the tow hook, that can so
slide upwards or downwards as required.
The heights are given in the table at right.

Fig.4-40 - Tow hook with quick height adjustment.

Fig.4-40-AUTOMATIC TOW HOOK POSITIONS (mm)

Pos. Rear tyres 13.6 R 24

90
1 487
2 587
3 672
4
4 772
5 822
6 872
Class C automatic tow hook
Dimensions in mm (1 mm = 0.039 inches)
A hook whose height is quickly adjusted by automa-
tically inserting a pin is available in certain European
countries, where permitted by the highway code (B -
Fig.4-41).

Fig.4-41 - Class C rear tow hook with automatic inser-

tion of the pin.

93
Operation

EEC swinging drawbar (Italy excluded)

The tractor may be equipped with an EEC tow hook

(Fig.4-43) that consists of a sector and a drawbar, for
use with agricultural implements and one or two-axle
trailers.

Never use this type of attachment to tow single axle

trailers because they can apply enough weight to the
drawbar to pitch the tractor up at the front.

The drawbar (1) can be adjusted in height to correctly

couple with both towed implements and those that
operate through the PTO.

The drawing (Fig. 4-42) shows the various distances

that can be obtained between the PTO shaft and the
hitch on the drawbar. Drawbar position can be varied
by:

- turning the drawbar upside down so that the hitch

lies over or under the bar;

- by varying the hingeing point of the sector on the

tractor support.

Furthermore, the cross member allows the bar to be

amply regulated in a horizontal direction for those
implements, such as ploughs, that require freedom of
swinging movement.

This swinging action can be limited or reduced by

means of pins (2).

Warning: when implements connected to

the PTO are used, the drawbar must be
regulated in height so that it is between
150 and 300 mm (from 5.91 to 11.82 in.)
below the axis of the PTO shaft. Fig.4-42 - Adjustments on EEC tow hook (Italy exclud-
ed)
Dimensions in mm (1 mm = 0.039 inches)

Fig.4-43 - Rear EEC tow hook (Italy excluded)

1 - Swinging drawbar
2 - Fixing pins to limit swing
3 - Pins to adjust height above the ground.

94
 Operation

Implement hitch
The three point linkage is used to connect the tractor to
implements controlled by the hydraulic lift.

The three point linkage is suitable for connection to im-

plements of various classes according to the layout and
data given in Fig. 4-44. The Class 1N Vineyard 3-point
linkage is standard, with interchangeable ball ends.

Hitching the implement

To allow the lift to operate in the correct way, you must

carefully check the dimensions of the implements to be
coupled to the tractor.

These couplings must be the same standard size as the

three point linkage of the tractor to prevent the whole
assembly from being subjected to irregular stress dur-
Fig.4-44- Implement hitch dimensions.
ing work, caused by dimensional incompatibility. For
a - Distance of the center of gravity of the implement.
correct sizes, see Fig. 4-44.
As small as possible (the heavier the implement,
the shorter the distance must be).
Weight of the implement b - Retraction of the third point: 0 - 80 mm (3.15 in.).
c - Height of top link hitch ball: mm 460 (18.12 in.).
To prevent the correct operation of the lifting system d - Width of the bar at centre of ball ends:
from being impaired, the weight of the implements mm 450 (15.9 in.) ± 1,5 – Class 1N Vineyard
must be less than the maximum load the lift can raise. mm 715 (25.98 in.) ± 1,5 – Class 1 - Class 2N (Lo-
This value (given in the specifications) is only indicative, wer links with removable terminals)
since the distance at which the center of gravity of the
implement is set in relation to the three point linkage
can also have a great influence. NOTE: The plough shown in the figure is purely indicative, 4
since the dimensions are valid for any type of implement.
If an implement, even when lighter than the indicated
weight, is set at an excessive distance from the tractor,
it will bear down on the three point linkage with a much
greater weight than the weight of the implement itself.

95
Operation

Three point linkage

The articulated device with three point suspension
mainly consists of the following components:

Adjustable top link (3rd point)

The adjustable top link (1 - Fig. 4-45A/B) is connected to

the support by means of two holes. The correct hole to
use depends on the height of the implement.

The length of the link is varied so that the angle of the

implement can be regulated in relation to the ground.

Shorten the top link to increase the angle of attach-

ment, lengthen it to decrease the angle.
During work, the top link must slightly descend to-
wards the tractor, when the lower links are parallel to
the ground.
When work using lifting in draft control mode is carried
out, you must not forget that it is preferable to couple
the implement to the top hole when the towed load is
particularly heavy.
Fig.4-45A - Three point linkage
1 - Top link with length adjustment.
2 - Crank to adjust RH vertical lift rod (on request).
3 - RH lift rod.
4 - Lateral stabilizers (2 pcs).
5 - Lower links.
6 - LH vertical lift rod with length adjustment.
7 - Screws to adjust side swing of lower links.

Fig.4-45B Three-point linkage, top link with automatic

hook (1) and lower quick hitch mechanism (2)

96
 Operation

RH adjustable lift rod

The RH adjustable lift rod (3 - Fig. 4-45) can be adjusted

in length by means of the relative crank (2). In this way
the implement can be adjusted to the correct level for
the type of work being carried out.

Turn the lever clockwise to shorten the RH vertical lift

rod.

Turn the lever anti-clockwise to lengthen the RH vertical

lift rod.

On request, the RH vertical lift rod can be equipped

with a hydraulic jack (8 - Fig.4-46), which is operated
from the driving seat and during work to adjust the
implement cross slant. Fig.4-46 - Hydraulic adjustment of adjustable RH lift
rod.
8 - Hydraulic jack, on request.
Lateral stabilizers, mechanical adjustments

The lateral stabilizers (4 - Fig.4-45) can be set to reduce

side swing of the lower links of the three-point linkage.

When working with implements such as graders,

rollers, hoes, weeders, etc. the side swing of the lower
links can be adjusted according to the job on hand.

When working instead with ploughs, disk harrows, etc.

the stabilizers can be set to allow the lower links to
swing freely.

For the transport on road with lift links in high position,

lower links side swing must be restricted independently 4
of any previous adjustment during work.

Use the screws (7 - Fig.4-47) for the adjustment:

– turn the screws anti-clockwise to increase side
swing of three-point linkage;
– turn the screws clockwise to reduce or even stop
side swing of three-point linkage.

If the three-point linkage is set on float mode, it is ne-

cessary to check that side swing is simmetrical on both
sides, taking the rear wheel rim as a reference.

Swing the three-point linkage all to the right and measu-

re the distance from lower link to wheel rim.

Repeat the same operation on the left-hand side: if both

measurements are not the same, use the screws (7).

If a rigid three-point linkage is required, e.g. when

working with mounted sowing machines, the adju-
ster screws (7) must be tightened to block lower links
swing.

Fig.4-47 - Screws to adjust lower link side swing.

7 - Adjusting screw; 9 - Screw stop; 10 - Gre-
ase nipple.

97
Operation

Lower links

The lower links (5 - Fig. 4-49) transmit draft and support

to the implement. Different types are available:

- lower links with fixed ball-ends for all models;

- lower links with Class 1 and 2 interchangeable ball

ends;

- lower links with quick-hitch couplings.

Interchangeable ball ends

Fig.4-48 - Lower links with interchangeable ball ends
To make it easier to adapt the three-point hitch to the 1 - Ball end.
various types of implement used, Class 1 and 2 inter- 2 - Safety pin.
changeable ball ends (1 - Fig. 4-48) are mounted on the
ends of the lower rods of the three-point linkage.

To replace, remove the safety pin (2 - Fig. 4-48) and turn

the ball end to align the shaped part with the race at the
end of the rod.

Mount the new ball end, then lock it in place with the
safety pin (2), checking to make sure that it is free to
turn in its housing.

Quick hitch couplings (Fig. 4-49)

To hitch an implement, reverse the tractor towards it so

that the lower links are in the direction of the ball-ends
fixed to the crossbar of the implement. Slowly raise the
links (C) of the power lift until the ball-ends automatical-
ly push against the spring-loaded quick-hitch couplings
(D) and are locked into place.

Fig.4-49 - Quick hitch couplings.

98
 Operation

LH adjustable lift rod

The left-hand adjustable lift rod (6 - Fig. 4-45A/B) can be

adjusted in length by means of the relative crank. In this
way the implement can be adjusted to the correct level
for the type of work being carried out.

Two further adjustments are possible by turning the

backing plates through 90°. This gives two adjustments,
one with fixed plate (A - Fig. 4-50), the other with the
plate free to slide (B - Fig. 4-50). The latter position must
be used for wide implements, that require a certain fre-
edom of side swing (cultivators, spaders, harrows, etc.).

Hitching the implement

1 - Allow the three point linkage to descend.

2 - Adjust the top links so as to give the maximum

side play.

3 - Back up the tractor.

4 - Connect the coupling bar of the implement to the

ball-ends of the lower links and lock it in place with
the safety pins.

5 - Adjust the length of the top links to give the imple-

ment freedom of sideways movement or lock it in
place according to the type of work required.

6 - Connect the top link. Fig. 4-50 - Lh adjustable lift rod.

A - Adjustment with fixed plate.
Releasing the implement
1 - Lower the implement completely to the ground.


B - Adjustment with sliding plate.
1 - Backing plate; 2 - Backing plate stop; 3 - 4
Lift rod backing plate.
2 - Shorten the side stabilizers to give maximum play
to the lower hitching links.

3 - Remove the safety pins and release the coupling

bar.

Important recommendations when using and adjusting

the three point linkage.

Warning: Always stop the engine before Warning: When the tractor is stopped,
making any adjustments to the three point always lower any implements connected
hitch or the implement. to the three point linkage.

Warning: Always use the lift in position Warning: Never work under an implement
control mode when transporting imple- that is kept raised only by the hydraulic
ments hitched to the three point linkage. hitch, but always secure it with a suitable
hydraulic support and turn the engine off.
Warning: Always use the lift in position
control mode when an implement is
hitched or unhitched to or from the three
point linkage.

99
Operation

Three-point linkage, hydraulic adjust-

ment and Lower links with removable
terminals (optional)
The three-point linkage with hydraulic adjustments can
be installed as an optional in some markets.

The three-point linkage with hydraulic adjustment is Class

1N, 1 and 2N and is provided with quick hitches Class 2
with interchangeable Class 1 and 2 ball ends.

A perforated crossbar is supplied as an optional (4).

Hydraulic adjustments

1 - Rh vertical rod with hydraulic adjuster ram.

2 - Hydraulic adjuster ram for rh lower link swing.

3 - Hydraulic adjuster ram for lh lower link swing. Fig. 4-51

The single-acting rams (2 and 3, fig.4-51) allow the

lower links to be adjusted to suit the job and the imple-
ment used.

1 - If the rams are drawn in (closed) the links are al-

lowed to swing.

2 - If the rams are out, the swing of the lower links is

limited up to complete locking.

Controls with electronic power lift - fig.4-52

1 - Two-position selector switch.

Pos.1 - Rh vertical rod is selected.
Pos.2 - The adjustment rams of side stabilizers are
selected.

2 - Two-position control switch to adjust the rh vertical

rod or the side stabilizers according to the position of
selector switch (1). Fig. 4-52

Controls with mechanical power lift - Fig.4-53

1 - Two-position selector switch.

Pos.1 - Rh vertical rod is selected.
Pos.2 - The adjustment rams of side stabilizers are
selected.

2 - Two-position control lever to adjust the rh vertical

rod or the side stabilizers according to the position of
selector switch (1).
Release the locking device(3).

Fig. 4-53

100
 Operation

Lower links with removable and adjustable ter-

minals (optional)

The hooked terminals (1) are removable and adjustable

(Fig.4-54).

- Remove the locking pin (2).

- Remove the hooked terminal (1) and install it on the

other link (Fig.4-55).

- Fix the hook with the pin (2) and the safety split pin.

- Repeat the same operations for the other terminal.

The perforated bars (3) are supplied as an optional.

Width A of the Class 1N perforated bar at centre of ball

ends ( 3-Fig.4-54): 450 mm.
Fig. 4-54
Width A of the Class 1 - 2N perforated bar at centre of
ball ends (3 - Fig.455): 715 mm.

Fig. 4-55

101
Operation

Mechanically controlled hydraulic

power lift
The hydraulic power lift allows the implements connect-
ed to the three point linkage to be lifted and lowered.
It consists of a lifting unit that includes the ram and
controls, a gear pump and the connecting tubes.

Description of controls - Fig.4-56

The lift link levers are provided with symbols to inform
the operator about the correct lever position for each
function.

1 - Lift link lever.

The lift links are completely down when
the control lever is in this position
The lift links are completely up when
the lift links are in this position.
Fig.4-56 - Power lift control levers of mechanically con-
trolled power lift
1 - Lift link lever.
2 - Selector lever for draft, position and Intermix control.
3 - Nut to lock lever (1).

2 - Selector lever for draft control, position control,

and mixed draft and position control (INTERMIX).

Lever at end of forward travel = full

draft control zone

Lever at end of backward travel = full

position control position.

Lever between the two end of travel

INTERMIX
positions = mixed draft and position
control zone divided into two parts:
blue zone = position control increases
as the lever nears the end of front travel
position
red zone = draft control increases as
the lever nears the end of back travel
position.

3 - Nut to lock lever (1).

102
 Operation

Work in position control mode

Position control mode allows the implement to be
brought to and kept in a certain position, whichever this
may be. This includes the highest and lowest positions
either in or out of the soil.

Position control mode (Fig.4-58) is used for:

• Mounted implements, i.e. without wheels or other

components allowing them to rest on the ground
(e.g.: graders, scrubbers, drills, fertilizer-spreaders,
etc.).

• Semi-mounted implements, i.e. equipped with

wheels or other components allowing them to rest
on the ground (e.g.: rotary ploughs, trenchers, wee- Fig.4-57
ders, seeders, etc.).

Use of controls in control position (Fig. 4-57)

• Move the lever (2) fully back to the position control

setting.

• To regulate the work position of the implement, pro-

gressively move the control lever (1) downwards or
upwards until the desired position has been reached
and then lock the check nut (3) under the lever itself
to obtain the same work position on each run. 4

Fig.4-58 - Work in position control mode.

103
Operation

Work in draft control mode

Lift operation in draft control mode automatically keeps
the tractive force of the tractor at a steady rate regard-
less of variations in the soil conditions.

Draft control mode is used with all mounted tractor

implements which do not rest on the ground (e.g.: with
skids, wheels, etc.) (Fig.4-60).

Use of controls - Draft control mode (Fig.4-59)

• Move the selector knob (2) fully forward to the draft
control function.

• To dig the implement in quickly at the beginning of Fig.4-59

the furrow, move control lever (1) progressively for-
ward. After this, lift it gradually to set to the desired
work depth. The depth reached by the implement is
proportional to the extent of lever travel.

• When the desired position has been reached, lock

the lever with the check nut (3) to obtain the same
work position on each run.

• Move control lever (1) back to raise the implement

at the end of each run. Use the automatic up/down
buttons, if installed.

• When shallow depths are required, the control lever

travels only a very short length.
To avoid that the implement digs in too slowly, it is
better first to bring the lever fully forward at the be-
ginning of each run over the check nut (3). After this,
bring the lever progressively back to the desired
position, once again over the check nut (3).
Fig.4-60 - Lift in full draft control mode (selector lever
fully forward). The work depth of the implement may
vary considerably depending on the consistency of the
soil (e.g.: zone 1 = normal soil, zone 2 = very hard and
compact soil).
Swinging support

A further control on the sensitivity can be obtained by

correctly choosing the top link connecting hole (3) on
the swinging support (Fig.4-61).

Set the top link in the lowest hole (1) to increase the
draft control sensitivity.

Set it in the top hole (2) for the least sensitivity.

WARNING: Never tow with the top link connec-

ted to the swinging support of the hydraulic
hitch.

Fig.4-61 - Holes (1 - 2) to connect the top link (A) with

the swinging support.

104
 Operation

Mixed position and draft control

(Intermix)
Power lift operation in mixed control mode allows the
reactions of the power lift to be varied by combining
position control with draft when working with imple-
ments that do not rest on the ground and that work at
depth, such as ploughs, harrows, subsoilers, etc. When
the lever (2 - Fig.4-62) is moved completely downwards,
the lift will operate in full draft control mode, while full
position control mode is obtained by moving the lever
completely upwards.

The lever can assume as many positions as there is

space between the two ends of the sector. Its vicinity to
the front or rear part influences draft or position control Fig.4-62
to a greater extent, as shown in the examples.

The operator must therefore identify the best position

for the selector lever according to the type of soil being
worked, thus obtaining the best compromise between
draft variations and depth.

Work best carried out in mixed position and draft

control mode (Intermix) (Fig.4-63)

Work with the plough

a) When working soils of strongly different types (sandy 4
zones mixed with clayey ones) where full draft control
could lead to excessive depth variations.
b) When shallow depths are required.
c) To achieve the best work conditions with semi-mount-
ed ploughs with several shares.
Fig. 4-63 Lift in «Intermix» mixed position and draft
Work with other implements
control mode. The maximum and minimum work dep-
Whenever a certain draft control is required to obtain a
ths of the implement are limited to the average work
more regular draft from the tractor. A certain measure
value (e.g.: zone 1 = normal soil, zone 2 = very hard
of controlled draft causes variations in the work depth.
and compact soil) since movement of the lever towards
Thanks to such variations, the tractor’s draft power is
position control mode has reduced the operating sen-
steadier.
sitivity of draft control mode and has partially activated
position control.

Floating position
This position is used for implements that must simply
rest on the ground and follow its contours (e.g.: roller,
seeder, etc. (Fig. 4-63b).

In this case, the lift links are completely free to swing

and the lift just lowers and raises the implement at the
beginning and end of the run.

(Fig.4-62) Use of the lift in float mode is obtained by

setting the lever (2) fully back in the position control
setting and the link control lever (1) fully forwards. Just
use the control lever (1) to lift or lower the implement.

Fig. 4-63b

105
Operation
ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED
HYDRAULIC POWER LIFT
Description
The electronically controlled hydraulic power
lift is available as an option on certain tractor
models, depending on the requirements of the
particular market.
Electronic control of the power lift gives a number
of major benefits. In particular, control and response
signals can be processed and action taken to adjust for
variations in ground conditions encountered by the im-
plement in a fraction of the time possible with manual
controls.
To obtain the best results from the electronic control
system, you must be fully familiar with the controls on
the power lift control panel. A full description is given
below.
Power lift control panel (Fig.4-63)
1 - 3-position up/down switch.
A: Lowering - Work position. This depends on the
way the controls (6 and 8) are regulated.
B: Stop - The lift arms are unable to move in any
way in the stop position.
C: Lifting - Transport: the fully raised position is
established by the limiter (4).
Fig.4-63 - Electronic power lift control panel.
106
2 - Down speed selector:
0 - Does not lower. Lock - Turned in an anti-
clockwise direction.
Max. - Fast descent - Turned clockwise.
3 - Electronic power lift “Check Control” indicator light.
4 - Maximum height limiter:
Minimum height: turned anti-clockwise.
Maximum height: turned clockwise.
5 - Up movement indicator light.
6 - Function selector:
- Position Control, turned anti-clockwise.
- Draft Control, turned clockwise.
- Intermediate position: mixed Draft and Position
Control (INTERMIX).
7 - Down movement indicator light.
8 -Implement work depth/height control:
0 - Maximum depth.
10 - Max. height from ground.
9 - Transport shock absorber engaged indicator light
and button
10 - Quick soil engagement button
11- External power lift controls - Buttons on the fen-
ders (Fig.4-65).
 Operation

USE OF THE ELECTRONIC POWER

LIFT

Enabling the power lift (Fig.4-64)

The power lift incorporates a safety device which disa-
bles the hydraulic power lift controls when the engine
is off or if the external controls have been used. This
prevents accidental movement of the lift arms and links
as a result of interference with the controls or settings
while the tractor was stopped. When the engine has
been started, or after the external controls have been
used, simply turn the control switch (1) to position C.

- If the switch is already in position C, turn the switch

(1) to position A, then back to position C again. Fig.4-64 - Control panel - Activating the electronic power
lift.
- If the switch (1) is not in position C and the lift is
lowered, turn switch (1) to position C.

WARNING: The lift arms will rise as soon as

the control panel is enabled. Limit the max.
lifting height with the control (4 - Fig.4-64)
before re-activating the electronic power lift.
- If you need to stop lift movement imme-
diately, simply turn the switch (1) to posi-
tion B.
- Before you enable the power lift controls,
check that the settings of controls (6 and 8)
do not cause any dangerous movement of
the implement.

NOTE: The electronic power lift control system also in-

corporates safety devices which disable the lift functions
if any of the following faults are detected:
1 - Insufficient battery power.
2 - Short circuit in the power line.
3 - Position-control circuit malfunction.
If the electronic power lift fails to operate correctly after
the controls have been enabled as instructed above,
have the circuits checked by your local dealer.

Check-control indicator light

When the engine is started, the check-control indicator
(3) lights up. Once the electronic power lift is enabled
as already described, the check-control indicator should
go out.
If the indicator lights up and flashes during work,
consult your local dealer who will be able to locate the
fault.
Fig.4-65 - External controls (11) for raising and lowering
the lift arms.
WARNING: External controls must be operated
at a safe distance, standing on one side outside 7
the tractor and out of the overall width of
mudguards. It is expressly forbidden to ope-
rate the controls from the rear of the tractor
or standing on the inner side of wheels.

107
Operation

Hitching an implement
From the internal control panel (Fig. 4-66)

- Turn the power lift control switch (1) to position C to

enable the power-lift control panel.

- Turn the control switch to the working position (A).

- Turn the function selector (6) anti-clockwise to select

position control mode.

- Turn the knob (8) anti-clockwise to lower the arms.

The arms-down indicator (7) should light up.

- Manoeuvre the tractor to the right position and hitch

the implement’s ball-ends on to the ends of the links. Fig.4-66- Control panel - Hitching an implement from
Fit safety pins to secure the hitch. the driving seat.
Hitch up the top link.

- Turn knob (10) clockwise to raise the implement.

The arms-up indicator (7) should light up.

With the external control buttons

There is no need to enable the power lift in order to use

the external control buttons (Fig.4-65).

To use the external controls, just press on the buttons

to raise or lower the lift arms. Now enable the power lift
control panel by means of the switch (1).

NOTE:
- Arm movement stops as soon as the buttons are rele-
ased.
- Descent speed is 30% slower than max. speed with
the external controls. Down speed regulation remains
disabled.
- To enable the control panel controls after the external
ones have been used, release the safety device by
setting the switch (1 - Fig.4-67) to position C and then to
working position (A).

WARNING: External controls must be operated

at a safe distance, standing on one side outside
the tractor and out of the overall width of
mudguards. It is expressly forbidden to ope-
rate the controls from the rear of the tractor
or standing on the inner side of wheels.
Fig.4-67 - Control panel - Hitching an implement with
the external controls.

108
 Operation

Transporting implements (Fig.4-68)

- Select the maximum transport height with the selec-
tor (4).
- Raise the three-point linkage by turning the switch (1)
to position C.
- Set the selector (6) to position control mode (Pos. 1)
by turning it in an anti-clockwise direction.
- Set the down-speed selector (2) to position (0) (lock)
to prevent any accidental lowering movement should
the controls be accidentally operated.

WARNING: If the control lever (1) is moved

to the links down position (A) and the work
height control knob (8) is moved, the arms
could be lowered. Set the lowering speed
control (2) to (Pos. 0), (lock) to prevent any Fig.4-68 - Control panel - Transporting implements.
accidental movement.

Shock absorber function in the

transport position (Fig.4-69)
This function is activated by moving the selector (1) up
(c) and pressing the button (9). Indicator light (9) will
come on.

Press the button (9) again to deactivate the shock-ab-

sorber function in the transport position. Indicator light
(9) will go out.

Operating the power lift

- Select the power lift operating mode by means of the
mode selector (6 Fig.4-68).

Position 1 Turn the knob anti-clockwise Fig.4-69 - Control panel - Shock absorber function du-
for position control mode. ring transport.
The implement will remain at
a constant height or depth.

Position 6 Turn the knob clockwise for

draft control mode. Use for
ploughing and similar ope-
rations that require constant
tractive force.

Intermediate positions “Intermix” mode.

(2 - 3 - 4 - 5) Combining position control
and draft control; for use on
variable soils or with subsoi-
lers, etc. 7
- Use the selector (2) to set a suitable descent speed
for the type of implement being used.
- Set the switch (1) to working position (A).
- Turn the control knob (8) to obtain the correct working
depth/height.

109
Operation

Working with tillage implements

(Fig. 4-70)
- If the implement pitches (makes large lifting and
lowering adjustments) in draft control mode, turn the
mode selector knob (6) anti-clockwise to introduce an
element of position control (Intermix).
The sensitivity of the electronic power lift to varia-
tions in the traction force required in working condi-
tions is automatically controlled and thus the opera-
tor need not intervene to make corrections.

Intermix/draft/position control
adjustments (Fig. 4-71)
Fig. 4-70 - Control panel - Use during work
Function selector
Tillage work: position 3 or 4.
Ploughing: positions 3 - 4 - 5.
Light soil turning: positions 2 - 3.
Grubbing: position 3 or 4.
Carried implement: position 1 (position control).

These settings are purely indicative and may vary de-

pending on the implement used and the soil.

Headland manoeuvres (Fig. 4-70)

- Raise the implement at the end of the field by setting
the switch (1) to position C. The arms lift to the
height set on the lift height limiter (4). Adjust the lift
height limiter so that if a drive shaft is connected
between the PTO and the implement, it is not twisted
into narrow angles. This will also avoid wasting time
lifting the implement to transport height.

- To re-engage the implement, simply turn the switch Fig. 4-71- Intermix/draft/position control regulation.
(1) to the working position (A). The implement will lo-
wer at the speed set with selector (2) until is reaches
the position selected with knob (8).

- Depress the orange button (10) to make soil engage-

ment of deep working implements easier.

Float mode (Fig. 4-70)

Used for implements that rest on the ground and follow
its reliefs.

- Turn switch (1) to position (A).

- Turn knob (8) to position (10), fully anti-clockwise as
far as it will go.

WARNING: Comply with the maintenance

and safety regulations governing the elec-
trical system of the tractor to safeguard and
protect the electronic power lift.

110
 ELECTRONIC POWER LIFT CONTROL - OPERATING TABLE SUMMARY
(See Fig. 4-63 for the references)

(1) LIFTING WORK DEPTH/

OPERATION HEIGHT LOWERING HEIGHT MODE LOWERING NOTES
LIMITER SWITCH CONTROL SELECTOR SPEED
(4) (11) QUICK SOIL (8) (6) (2)
ENGAGEMENT
Enabling Pos. 0 - Minimum Pos. A to Pos. C 0 - Minimum Use controls (6) and (8)
control or to prevent arm
Pos. C to Pos. A movement

Hitching or unhitching Max. height pos. Pos. A work Set to desired height Position control Set to intermediate pos.
implements using Turn clockwise Up: fully
the controls on anti-clockwise
the panel

Hitching or unhitching Not used Pos. A or B Re-enable control

implements using panel after
external controls use

Transporting implements Max. height Pos. C Pos. 0

Turn anti-clockwise

Working in position Set to max. Pos. A - work Set to desired Up: fully Set to desired position Use switch 1
control mode desired height height / depth anti-clockwise for headland
turns

Working in draft Set to max. Pos. A - work Set to desired Down: fully Set to desired position Use switch 1
control or desired height depth clockwise for headland
Intermix mode Intermediate positions turns
for Intermix

Headland Set to max. Pos. C Do not interfere

turns desired height with
work settings

Start of Pos. A - Working Do not interfere

furrow above soil with
Button 11 - Quick soil work settings
engagement for deep
working implements

111
Operation

7
Operation

AUXILIARY CONTROL VALVES

Double pump - Mechanical power lift

Max. 3 rear auxiliary control valves

Control valve operation

Different types of control valves can be mounted
depending on specific work requirements (Fig.4-72):

1 - Normal STD control valve to feed single or double

acting cylinders.
The control lever, if released, goes automatically back
to the rest position, thus locking the implement in the
position it has reached.

2 Control valve with floating position: for implements

that need a constant and automatic adjustment of
the work position. The floating position is obtained
as follows. Shift the control lever fully forward to the
position in which it remains locked at end of travel.
Fig.4-72
3 Specific control valve to be used with hydraulic
motors (on request).

Rear flow divider (on request)

On request, a flow divider can be mounted that is coupled
to the first auxiliary control valve, preset for this use. The
knob (4 - Fig.4-72) can be adjusted to have a regulated
flow at the first control valve nearest to the flow divider.
NOTE: Do not use the control valve for hydraulic
motors to supply single/double-acting cylinders to
avoid any risks of accidents when using the connected
hydraulic equipment.

Knob (4) turned clockwise: the flow in the nearest control WARNING: The tractor must only be started
valve is reduced to a minimum of 2 litres/min. The with the auxiliary valve levers are in neutral.
exceeding flow is available for the next control valves or
the hydraulic power lift.

Knob (4) turned anti-clockwise: the flow in the nearest

control valve is increased to maximum flow of the
hydraulic pump. The exceeding flow is available for the
next control valves or the hydraulic power lift.

If, after the flow divider regulation, the auxiliary control

valve coupled to the divider is not used, the whole flow of
the hydraulic pump is available for the next control valves
or the hydraulic power lift.

112
 Operation

Quick couplings - (Fig.4-73a)

Each control valve has two quick coupling female
half-connections of the “Push-Pull” type that can be
connected to male half-couplings of any make so long
as they are of the same size. The half-coupling is very
simple to couple and uncouple: push to connect and
pull to detach.

WARNING: Discharge any pressure from the

circuit before hitching or unhitching the
quick couplings.

1 - Auxiliary control valve controlled by the lever 1.

2 - Floating auxiliary control valve controlled by the lever 2.
3 - Auxiliary control valve for hydraulic motor, controlled
by the lever 1 and coupled to the flow divider (4).

WARNING: When auxiliary control valves

are used, their quick couplings can reach Fig.4-73a
high temperatures. Therefore, safety glo-
ves suitable for such temperatures must be
worn every time the connected implements
are connected to or disconnected from the Single/double action selection
couplings. (Available only for some types of STD control valves)

Some types of standard control valve can be adjusted

Oil sump - (if installed)
to control single acting cylinders (Fig.4-73a).
Each quick coupling is connected to an oil sump (7) that
collects oil leaks due to hitching and unhitching of the To this purpose, just slacken the check nut (6) and turn 4
the screw (7) anticlockwise until it stops; then lock the
quick couplings. When the oil reaches the maximum level,
check nut.
the sump should be emptied in collecting tanks so as not
For double acting operation, the screw (7) must be
to contaminate the environment.
turned again in a clockwise direction.

Free discharge (if installed)

A coupling for the free flow to the gearbox case is pro-
vided on the tractor for the hydraulic applications requi-
ring a free reeturn flow of oil without passing through
the quick couplings provided on the tractor.

Back free discharge (5 - Fig.4-73a)

113
Operation

AUXILIARY CONTROL VALVES

Triple pump - Mechanical power lift
Max. 4 rear auxiliary control valves
- 3 valves controlled by a lever (1-2-3 - Fig.4-74).
- 1 control valve with solenoid valve and electric control
(7 - Fig.4-74).
- 4 front hydraulic taps

Control-valve operation
Different types of control valves can be installed to suit
specific working requirements (Fig.4-74):

1 - Normal STD control valve to feed single or double

acting cylinders.
The control lever, if released, goes automatically back
to the rest position, thus locking the implement in the
position it has reached.
Coupled to front quick couplings on the right (1 -
Fig.4-76A).

2 Auxiliary control valve with floating position: for Fig.4-74

implements needing a continuous automatic adjust-
ment of the working position. The floating position is
obtained as follows. Shift the control lever fully for-
ward to the position in which it remains locked at end
of travel.
3 Specific control valve for use with hydraulic motors
(option).
Coupled to front quick couplings on the left (1 - Fig.4-
76B).
NOTE: Do not use the control valve for hydraulic
motors to supply single/double-acting cylinders to
avoid any risks of accidents when using the connected
hydraulic equipment.
WARNING: The tractor must only be started
with the auxiliary valve levers are in neutral.

Rear flow divider

(on request)
On request, a flow divider can be mounted that is coupled
to the first auxiliary control valve, preset for this use. By
means of the governor knob (4 - Fig.4-74) a regulated
flow can be obtained on the first control valve next to
the flow divider.
Operation buttons of electrical auxil-
iary control valves (5 - Fig.4-74).
- Red button to disable the electrical controls.
- Green button to enable electric control, with LED on
when activated.

Knob (4) turned clockwise: the flow in the nearest con- Selector (6)
trol valve is reduced to a minimum 2 litres/min flow. The
exceeding flow may be used by the next control valves Select to select the hydraulically adjusted side stabilizers
or by the hydraulic power lift. or the rh hydraulic vertical rod controlled by lever (8) (if
installed).
Knob (3) turned anti-clockwise: the flow in the nearest Release the locking device(9).
control valve is increased to maximum flow of the hydrau-
lic pump. The exceeding flow may be used by the next
control valves or by the hydraulic power lift. Control button (7) of rear electric
If the auxiliary control valve connected to the flow divider auxiliary control valve
is not used after adjusting this latter, the whole flow from
the hydraulic pump is available for the next control valves
or for the hydraulic power lift.

114
 Operation

Rear quick couplings

(Fig.4-75)
Each control valve is equipped with one or two quick-hitch
female half-couplings of the “Push-Pull” type (Fig.4-75),
that can be joined to male half-couplings of any make, as
long as the dimensions are the same. The half-coupling is
very simple to couple and uncouple: push to connect and
pull to detach.

1 - Auxiliary control valve controlled by the lever 1.

2 - Floating auxiliary control valve controlled by the lever 2.
3 - Auxiliary control valve for hydraulic motor, controlled by
the lever 1 and coupled to the flow divider (4).
5 - Electric auxiliary control valve controlled by the switch
(7 - Fig.4-74).

WARNING: Discharge all pressure from the

system before coupling or uncoupling the
quick couplings.

WARNING: When auxiliary control valves are Fig.4-75

used, their quick couplings can reach high
temperatures. Therefore, safety gloves suita-
ble for such temperatures must be worn every
time the connected implements are connec-
ted to or disconnected from the couplings.

Oil spillage collector (if installed)

Each quick coupling is connected to a tray that collects oil
4
spilt when connecting or disconnecting the quick couplings.
When oil reaches the maximum level in the collector, this
should be emptied into suitable containers to avoid pollut-
ing the environment.

Free discharge (if mounted)

A union is provided for free discharge of oil to the gearbox
housing, to be used for hydraulic applications requiring
unhindered return of oil without passing through the quick
couplings provided on the tractor.
Front free discharge (2. Fig.4-76b). Fig.4-76a
Rear free discharge (5. Fig.4-75).

Front quick-hitch couplings (on re-

quest)
The quick-hitch couplings on the right (1- Fig. 4-76a) are
linked to the lever (1-Fig.4-74) for standard auxiliary control
valve.
The quick-hitch couplings on the left (1- Fig. 4-76a) are linked
to the lever (3-Fig.4-74) for control valve for hydraulic motors.

Single/double action selection

(Available only for some types of STD control valves)

Some types of standard control valve can be adjusted to

control single acting cylinders (Fig.4-73a).
To this purpose, just slacken the check nut (6) and turn
the screw (7) anticlockwise until it stops; then lock the
check nut.
For double acting operation, the screw (7) must be turned Fig.4-76b
again in a clockwise direction.

115
Operation

AUXILIARY CONTROL VALVES

Triple pump - Electronic power lift
Max. 4 rear auxiliary control valves

- 3 valves controlled by a lever (1-2-3 - Fig.4-77).

- 1 control valve with solenoid valve and electric control
(7 - Fig.4-77).
- 4 front hydraulic taps

Control-valve operation
Different types of control valves can be installed to suit
specific working requirements (Fig.4-77):

1 - Normal STD control valve to feed single or double

acting cylinders.
The control lever, if released, goes automatically back
to the rest position, thus locking the implement in the
position it has reached.
Coupled to front quick couplings on the right (1 -
Fig.4-79A).
2 Auxiliary control valve with floating position: for
implements needing a continuous automatic adjust-
ment of the working position. The floating position is
obtained as follows. Shift the control lever fully for-
ward to the position in which it remains locked at end
of travel.
3 Specific control valve for use with hydraulic motors Fig.4-77
(option).
Coupled to front quick couplings on the left (1 - Fig.4-
79B).
NOTE: Do not use the control valve for hydraulic
WARNING: The tractor must only be started motors to supply single/double-acting cylinders to
with the auxiliary valve levers are in neutral. avoid any risks of accidents when using the connected
hydraulic equipment.

Rear flow divider

(on request)
On request, a flow divider can be mounted that is coupled
to the first auxiliary control valve, preset for this use. By
means of the governor knob (4 - Fig.4-77) a regulated
flow can be obtained on the first control valve next to
the flow divider.
Knob (4) turned clockwise: the flow in the nearest con-
trol valve is reduced to a minimum 2 min/min flow. The
exceeding flow may be used by the next control valves
or by the hydraulic power lift.
Knob (3) turned anti-clockwise: the flow in the nearest
control valve is increased to maximum flow of the hydrau-
lic pump. The exceeding flow may be used by the next
control valves or by the hydraulic power lift.
If the auxiliary control valve connected to the flow divider
is not used after adjusting this latter, the whole flow from
the hydraulic pump is available for the next control valves
or for the hydraulic power lift.
Operation buttons of electric auxil-
iary control valves (5 - Fig.4-77).
- Red button (6) to disable the electric controls.
- Green button (5) to enable electric control, with LED
on when activated.
Auxiliary control valve with flow di-
vider (on request)
On request, a front control valve for hydraulic motors can
be mounted that is controlled by the lever (8) (Release the
locking device 11) and is linked to a flow divider controlled
by the knob (9).
- Knob turned clockwise: the flow is reduced.
- Knob turned anticlockwise: the flow is increased.
Switches (10 - Fig.4-77)
Switches to select and control the hydraulically adjusted
side stabilizers or the rh hydraulic vertical rod (on request).
Control button (7) of rear electric
auxiliary control valve

116
 Operation

Rear quick couplings

(Fig.4-78)
Each control valve is equipped with one or two quick-hitch
female half-couplings of the “Push-Pull” type (Fig.4-78),
that can be joined to male half-couplings of any make, as
long as the dimensions are the same. The half-coupling
is very simple to couple and uncouple: push to connect
and pull to detach.

1 - Auxiliary control valve controlled by the lever 1.

2 - Floating auxiliary control valve controlled by the lever 2.
3 - Auxiliary control valve for hydraulic motor, controlled
by the lever 1 and coupled to the flow divider (4).
5 - Electric auxiliary control valve controlled by the switch
(7 - Fig.4-77).

WARNING: Discharge all pressure from the Fig.4-78

system before coupling or uncoupling the
quick couplings.
Oil spillage collector (if installed)
Each quick coupling is connected to a tray that collects
oil spilt when connecting or disconnecting the quick
couplings. When oil reaches the maximum level in the
collector, this should be emptied into suitable containers
to avoid polluting the environment.
WARNING: When auxiliary control valves
are used, their quick couplings can reach
high temperatures. Therefore, safety glo-
ves suitable for such temperatures must be
worn every time the connected implements
are connected to or disconnected from the
couplings.

Free discharges (if installed) 4

A union is provided for free discharge of oil to the gearbox
housing, to be used for hydraulic applications requiring
unhindered return of oil without passing through the quick
couplings provided on the tractor.
Front free discharge (3. Fig.4-79a).
Front free discharge (2. Fig.4-79b).
Rear free discharge (6 - Fig.4-78).

Front quick-hitch couplings (on re-

quest)
The quick-hitch couplings on the right (1- Fig. 4-79a)
are linked to the lever (1-Fig.4-77) for standard auxiliary
control valve.
The quick-hitch couplings on the left (1- Fig. 4-79a) are
linked to the lever (8-Fig.4-77) for control valve for hy- Fig.4-79a
draulic motors.

Single/double action selection

(Available only for some types of STD control valves)

Some types of standard control valve can be adjusted

to control single acting cylinders (Fig.4-73a).
To this purpose, just slacken the check nut (6) and turn
the screw (7) anticlockwise until it stops; then lock the
check nut.
For double acting operation, the screw (7) must be
turned again in a clockwise direction.

Fig.4-79b

117
Operation

Safety frame
The tractor is equipped with a safety frame (Fig.4-80)
mounted behind the driving seat and approved accor-
ding to the CURRENT OCSE and EEC STANDARDS. The
protective structure is formed by two parts, one upper
and one lower, which are bolted together.
The tractor must only be used with the protec-
tive structure in the upright position (Fig. 4-80).

WARNING: The tractor could tip up if used
incorrectly. Protection is only guarante-
ed when the protective structure is in its
original upright position with the fixing
bolts tightened as described in the assembly Fig.4-80
instructions.

WARNING: It is absolutely forbidden to tie WARNING
towing chains or ropes to the safety frame
or the tractor could jack up. Always tow Avoid injury! Make certain all parts are installed
using the proper devices supplied with the correctly if the safety structure is loosened or
tractor. removed for any reason.
The protection offered by the safety frame will
Safety belts can be fitted, depending on the laws in be impaired if it is is subjected to structural
force in the various countries of use. Always wear the damage, as in an overturn accident, or is in
safety belts with the protective structure in the upright anyway altered by welding, bending, drilling or
position. cutting. A damaged safety structure should be
Never wear the safety belt when the protective replaced, NOT reused. Always keep upper part of
structure is lowered. the safety structure pinned in vertical position
(as in the above Fig. 4-80) when operating the
If the tractor there must pass through low tractor. If the tractor is operated with the safety
places or be parked their for maintenance structure folded down (e.g. to enter a low bu-
purposes and the top part of the protective ilding) drive with extreme caution and DO NOT
structure must be folded at an angle, remem- use seat belt.
ber that there is not enough protection for the Fold the safety structure up again as soon as
tractor driver in this position and that he could the tractor is operated under normal conditions.
risk serious injury. Remember that after use in
low places, it is absolutely necessary to set the WARNING: If the operator wishes to use the
protective structure back in its upright position tractor with a tilted down ROPS frame, he
(Fig. 4-80) before continuing with any work. should precisely consider all risks due to
tractor overturning. The tractor should be
Comply with the following procedure if it is essential used with a tilted down ROPS frame only
to fold down the protective structure for the above if there are no risks of overturning. Please
reasons (Fig.4-80 and Fig.4-81): also consider that who takes charge of the
risks connected to incorrect use, also takes
- Remove the beacon (2) to avoid damaging it. on the relative liability.
- Remove the safety pins and the fixing pins (3) from
both sides.
- Overturn the protective structure (1) and insert the
pins (3) in the front holes of the support on both
sides (Fig.4-81). Rest the structure on the support.
- Fit the fixing pins in their seats again.
- Before you use the tractor again in any way,
set the protective structure (1) back in the
upright position by carrying out the opera-
tions described above in reverse order.
- Fit the beacon (2) again if it had been removed.

Fig.4-81

118
 Operation

Tractor transport
Towing the tractor
If you need to tow or push the tractor for a brief distance,
remember that the power steering system will allow you
to drive and steer it for a short way with the engine off.
Put the following controls in NEUTRAL (Fig. 4-82)
Controls with mechanical reverse shuttle:

1- Reverse shuttle lever (1)

2- Gearshift lever (2)

3- Range selector lever (6)

4- Disengage the parking brake (4)

5- Make sure that the PTO engagement lever is disen-

gaged (mechanical version) (5).

6- Make sure that the PTO selection lever is disenga-

ged (7).
Fig.4-82- Controls with mechanical reverse shuttle
How to drive the tractor

• To drive the tractor, you will need to excercise

greater effort if the engine is at a standstill.
• Slow and stop the tractor with the brake pedals
latched together (3)
4
• Tow or push the tractor at moderate speed.
How to safely drive the tractor

• Affix the slow moving vehicle card (SMV-Slow

Moving Veicle).
• Use the revolving beacon and the hazard lights.
• Strictly comply with the laws in force in the country
where the tractor is used.

Tractor transport
The tractor must be transported with a suitable vehicle.
Engage the parking brake (4 - Fig.4-82).

Firmly fasten the tractor to the transport vehicle using

suitable chains or straps.(Fig.4-83).
Use the tow bar or its supports as rear fixing points for
the tractor.

CAUTION: Never hitch or connect chains around the

tractor components as these could be damaged by
the chains themselves or by excessive loads.

The trailer must be provided with the warning signs and

lights required by the local laws in force.

Fig.4-83

119
Operation
Towing the tractor
Towing the tractor is not recommended, but if it should be
absolutely necessary, the procedure is different depending
on the fact that the engine is on or off, and that the low
pressure hydraulic circuit is operating or not operating.
Use the following procedures as applicable, at the fol-
lowing conditions:
- Connect safely one the tow hooks of the machine to the
towing vehicle by means of a rigid drawbar, or a chain, or
a metal cable of suitable size.
- In the middle of the linking means a red flag is to be
hanged so that it is visible to other drivers on the road.
- The towing vehicle must keep the rotating beacon light
operating. The towed tractor must keep the flashing hazard
lights operating (turn indicators flashing contemporarily).
- Make sure that the brakes of the machine are operating.
- It is recommended that the machine is escorted by two
cars, one in front of it and one at the rear, at a distance of
75÷150 m from the machine. These cars must carry danger
signals according to the rules and laws of the country.
NOTE: For the tow hooks fixed on the machine, see the
Towing Attachments chapter in the Technical specifica-
tions section of this book.
CAUTION: Use only the appropriate tow hooks to
tow the tractor.
120
Towing the tractor with the engine off or low pres-
sure hydraulic circuit not operating.
WARNING: If the machine is towed with the
engine off (or with the low pressure hydraulic
circuit not operating), the brakes and steering
will not be power assisted if this depends on
the low pressure hydraulic circuit. The par-
king brake must be disengaged.
- The machine can be towed for max. 10 Km at a max.
speed of 8 Kph.
WARNING: Make sure that the weight of a trai-
led vehicle that is not equipped with brakes
NEVER EXCEEDS the weight of the tractor that
is towing the vehicle or any national weight
limitations which may apply. Stopping di-
stance increases with increasing speed as the
weight of the towed load increases, especially
on slopes.
Towing the tractor with the engine on or low pressure
hydraulic circuit operating.
- Check that all controls are in neutral.
- If possible, level the machine and lower the telescopic
boon completely.
- Check that the parking brake is disengaged.
- Do not exceed a speed of 20 Kph when towing the tractor
and check that the rear differential lock is disengaged.
- Run the engine at 1200 RPM at least, if possible.
 Maintenance

Chapter 5
Maintenance
5

WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
WARNING: Maintenance operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the par-
king brake are both engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine parts.

121
Maintenance

ROUTINE MAINTENANCE TABLE

The numbers in the second column refer to the operations described in the following pages, listed on chronological
order.

Check for function

Operation number

Top up level
Work hours

Lubricate
Replace
Adjust
Description

Clean

Page
1 Engine oil level 128
2 Oil level in gearbox,
power lift and steering systems 129
3 Battery 130
4 Fuel filter 131
5 Engine coolant expansion tank 131
6 Engine coolant radiator 132
7 Gearbox and hydraulic circuits oil radiator 132
Variable 8 Air conditioning system condenser 132
mainte-
9 Dry air filter discharge valve 133
nance
(4) 10 Dry air filter cartridge 133
11 Alternator and fan belt 134
12  Air conditioning compensator belt (cab version) 134
13 Mechanical clutch pedal - Speed Five 135
14 Mechanical PTO clutch hand lever 135
15 Brake oil level 136
16 Brake pedals (3) 137
17 Parking brake 138
18 Oil level in rear final drives 139
19 Oil level in front differential housing and front final drives 139
20 Tyre pressure 140
Miscellaneous

Wheel nut tightness 140

Tightness of nuts and bolts in general 140
Tightness of safety frame fixing pins 140
Windscreen wash liquid 140

Every 100 21 General lubrication 141

hours ser- 22 Lubrication of 4WD front axle 142
vice 23 Lubrication of 2WD front axle (if mounted) 143
24 Engine sump (5) 144
25 Engine oil filter (5) 144
Every 250 26 Clean Oil filter on the intake (2)

hours ser- of steering and power lift circuits 145
vice 27 Oil filter on the delivery (2)
of the steering circuit and Power Shuttle (if mounted) (4) 146

122
 Maintenance

Check for function

Operation number

Top up level
Work hours

Lubricate
Replace
Adjust
Description

Clean

Page
28 Fuel filter (6) 147
Every 500

hours ser- Bleed air from fuel system 148
vice 29 Front wheel hubs 2WD (if mounted) 149
30 Engine valves 149
31 Injectors and injection pump 150
32 Oil in transmission, power lift
circuit and steering circuit (1) 150
Every 1000 33 Rear final drives 151
hours 34 Steering cylinder knuckle joint 151
service or 1
year 35 Replace oil in front differential housing and front
final drives 152
36 Starter motor and alternator 153
37 Dry air filter 153
38 Engine cooling system 154
39 Drain sludge from fuel tank 155

Bleed air from rear and front brake circuit 156

General mainte-
Cab - Maintenance 159
nance
Electrical system 167
Long idle periods of the tractor 175

(4) CAUTION: Use your own discretion and experience when

NOTES deciding the actual intervals for variable interval service
and maintenance operations. Always remember, however,
Operations that must be performed by an authori- that it is better to perform them too often than not often
zed dealer or service agent. enough.

(1) Change the gearbox oil for the first time after 500
hours, then change it after every 1000 hours service
(1000-2000-3000 etc...)
(2) CAUTION: To safeguard the power lift filter and the
steering circuit, wash the filter on pump intakes and
change the filter on the steering circuit delivery for the
first time after 50 hours. After this, repeat the same
operations after every 250 hours service (250-500-750
etc...).
(5) CAUTION: Change the engine oil and relative filter
cartridge after the first 50 hours work. After this, chan-
ge the engine oil and engine oil filter at the intervals
given in the ‘Routine Maintenance Table’.
(6) CAUTION: Replace the fuel filter twice during the first
100 hours service (after 50 hours and after 100 hours).
After this, replace the fuel filter at the intervals speci-
fied in the ‘Routine Maintenance Table’.

(3) Have the brakes adjusted after the first 50 hours work.

123
Maintenance

WARNING: Do not carry out inspections,

maintenance work or adjustments on the
tractor whilst the engine is running. Wait for
all moving parts to come to a complete stop.
Lubrication and maintenance
Foreword
This section described the operations required to correctly
service your tractor and keep it in top condition. The Rou-
tine Maintenance Table serves as quick reference. Each
operation is numbered for easier reference.
After the first 50 hours
• Change the engine oil and relative filter cartridge.
After this, change the engine oil and engine oil filter
at the intervals given in the ‘Routine Maintenance
Table’.
• Replace the fuel filter twice during the first 100
hours service (after 50 hours and after 100 hours).
After this, replace the fuel filter at the intervals spe-
cified in the ‘Routine Maintenance Table’.
• Hydraulic systems: clean the filter on the intake of
the steering and power lift circuit pumps, then clean
after every 250 hours service.

WARNING: Park the tractor on flat ground and, if
possible, extend all the cylinders before you check
the oil levels.
Safety precautions
Read and comply with all the safety precautions in the
“Tractor maintenance” part of the Safety Notes Section.
NOTE: Old fluids and used filters must be disposed of
in the correct way.
Sealed units
Do not remove the seals from the following parts:
injection pump and overspeed screw.
If you need to repair or adjust any of these units, con-
tact your local dealer or authorized repair shop.
The warranty is automatically invalidated if these seals
are tampered with.
• Replace the filter on the delivery of the steering
circuit, then replace it every 250 hours service.
• For Powershuttle only. Replace the Powershuttle
filter, then repace it every 250 hours service.
• Check clutch pedal travel in the mechanical version.
• Check the brake pedal travel.
• Check all oil levels. If necessary, top up with oil of
the prescribed type.
• Check the tension of the fan belt.
• Grease all points with grease nipples.
• Check to make sure that all bolts, screws and nuts
are correctly torqued.
• Check the tyre pressures.

Running in How to prevent pollution

Fade-free efficiency and a long working life largely depend
on how the new tractor is treated during the running in
period. It is therefore extremely important to follow these
instructions:
- Your engine does not require any special running
in when new. You can use it at full power from the
start but you must never overload it. Avoid using the
engine at full power before it reaches an operating
temperature of at least 60°C (140°F).
To prevent pollution when oil, filters and so forth are
changed, always clean the zone around fill, level and
drain plugs, dipsticks and filters. Before connecting the
auxiliary cylinders, make sure that the oil they contain is
clean, that it has not deteriorated owing to long storage
and that it is of the prescribed type.

- Every time you start the engine from cold, let it run
slowly without load for a few minutes to warm up.
This is particularly important with turbo-charged
engines.

- Avoid idling the engine for long periods.

- Regularly check for oil leaks.

- To ensure long clutch life, carefully run in the clutch

plates. To do this, operate the clutch frequently but
gradually during the first 15 hours service.

124

Servicing intervals
The intervals suggested in the lubrication and maintenance
table are indications to use when the tractor is used in
normal conditions.
These intervals should be adapted to the real environmen-
tal and operational conditions. Servicing must be more
frequent in adverse work conditions (in the presence of
humidity, mud, sand, very dusty environments).
CAUTION: If carried out at the prescribed inter-
vals, the operations described in this section will
ensure that the tractor operates in a regular way.
However, remember to carry out the inspections
and adjustments (of variable frequency depending
on the environmental conditions and type of work
carried out) according to your discretion and expe-
rience.
Miscellaneous inspections
Periodically check the following components. If faults are
discovered, contact your Dealer’s specialized personnel
and have the damaged parts replaced if necessary :
· Hydraulic hoses: the hoses must not be squeezed or
cracked. The outer sheath must not be swollen. There
must be no oil leaks between the hoses and their
unions.
· Hand brake lever: make sure that the ratchet locking
mechanism is secure and reliable.
· Make sure that all nuts are well tightened;
· Make sure that the safety frame bolts are well tighte-
ned.
· Make sure that all other nuts and bolts are well tighte-
ned.
Indicator lights
Your tractor is equipped with indicator lights that keep
you informed about the condition of your machine. Some
of these indicate faults, so act promptly if they come on.
Maintenance
Fuel Injection Pump
Only your Dealer’s specialized personnel may be allo-
wed to work on the injection pump during the warranty
period. Removal of the seals from the pump will relieve
the manufacturer from all and every liability in relation to
warranty coverage.
Keeping the environment Clean
When you need to fill the fuel tank or change the lubri-
cating oil, never forget to position a vessel under the
component in question in order to collect any fuel or oil
that spills out. These products are polluting, so it is very
important to protect the environment in this way.
Engine Cooling System
It is advisable to replace the fluid in the system at least
once a year even if you have not reached 1000 hours
service in total.
Radiator
To ensure that the cooling circuit operates in a perfect
way, it is important to prevent the radiator fins from be-
coming clogged.
These fins should be cleaned often, even several times a
day if the place of work is particularly dusty.
Lubrication
Before lubricating any parts provided with grease nipples,
carefully clean the fittings surfaces and be sure that their
seal ball moves freely.
After the lubrication, remove any trace of grease to avoid
collecting dirt or dust.
5
125
Maintenance

Fuel tank filling - If the fuel is not filtered from the storage can, use a
funnel with a fine gauze mesh over the tank fill plug
inlet when fuelling.
CAUTION: Comply with the following in-
- Plan your fuel purchases so that summer fuels are
structions when working with diesel fuel.
not kept for too long and used in the winter.
Do not smoke near diesel fuel. In no case
must petrol (gasoline), alcohol or mixtures
of diesel fuel or alcohol be added to the
diesel fuel as such action would notably
increase the risk of fire outbreaks or explo-
sions. In a closed vessel, such as a can, they
are even more explosive than pure petrol
(gasoline).
- Never use such mixtures. Moreover, mixtu-
res of diesel fuel and alcohol are not appro-
ved since the resulting lubrication of the
fuel injection system is insufficient.
- Clean around the plug where the fuel is
poured and keep it clean.
- Fill the tank at the end of the day to pre-
vent the formation of overnight condensa-
tion.
- Never remove the plug or fuel the tractor
whilst the engine is running. Keep control Fig.5-1 Setting up a tank for fuel storage and decan-
of the pump nozzle whilst the tank is being ting. a. Slope 25%.
filled. b. Condensation water.
- The tank must not be completely filled. c. Sludge drain plug.
Allow space for an increase in volume. If the
original tank plug is lost, it must be replaced NOTE: Never use galvanised containers to store fuel.
with an original spare which must be fully
tightened.
- Dry up any fuel spill immediately.

Fuel requisites
It is important to use good quality fuel if the engine is to
be long-lasting and give a good performance. The fuels
must be clean, well refined and non-corrosive for the fuel
system components. Make sure that you use fuel of a
known quality and reliable origin.
Fuelling Fig. 5-2

WARNING: Do not smoke while filling the

Fuelling fuel tank. Keep clear of any sort of flames.
Before you fuel the tractor, clean the zone around the fill
plug to prevent foreign bodies from entering the tank. After
fuelling, screw on the plug and tighten it well.

Fuel storage
Take all the necessary precautions to ensure that stored
fuel does not become polluted with dirt, water or other
substances.
- Store fuel in black iron cans. Do not store it in galva-
nized cans as the galvanizing treatment would react
with the fuel and form compounds that would spoil
the injection pump and injectors.
- Store fuel cans away from direct sunlight and slightly
tilted, so that any sediment inside is eliminated
through the outlet tube.
- To make sludge and condensation water easier to re-
move, there should be a discharge plug in the lowest
point, on the opposite side to the drain tube. Fig.5-2a

126
 Maintenance

Access for inspection and mainte-

nance
It may be necessary to open the bonnet in order to ac-
cess the engine components and carry out inspections,
lubrication and servicing operations.

WARNING: The surfaces inside the bonnet

are hot. Be extremely careful and wait for the
surfaces to cool down before operating inside
the bonnet to avoid burns.

WARNING: Open the bonnet and remove the

side panel only with engine off and rotating
parts completely at standstill.

WARNING: A gas ram controls opening and

closing of the bonnet. Replace the gas ram if
not properly operating to avoid accidental fall
of the bonnet.

WARNING: If the tractor is equipped with front

hitch and power take-off, before opening the
bonnet lower the links completely, whether
there are implements or not.

How to open the bonnet

- Park the tractor on hard, level ground and apply the
park brake.
- To open the bonnet, insert the tool (2-Fig.5-3) in the front Fig.5-3
slit and hook up the bonnet closure device.
- Release the locking mechanism.
- Raise the bonnet (1) that is kept raised by the gas ram.
- To shut the bonnet again, lower the bonnet against the
resistance of the gas ram. Rest the bonnet and close by
turning the tool in the opposite direction.
- Remove the tool. 5
How to remove the side panels
The side panels (3 - Fig.5-3) can be easily removed for
maintenance operations on the engine.
Loosen the panels by pulling on the rear corner, then pull
to remove the panels when released.
To mount the panels again, align their front edges, then
fasten with the front fixing screws and the rear fixing pins.

WARNING:NEVER use the tractor without the

bonnet and side panels.

127
Maintenance

WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
WARNING: Maintenance operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the par-
king brake are both engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine parts.

VARIABLE MAINTENANCE

WARNING: Use your own discretion and experien-

ce when deciding the actual timing for variable
interval service and maintenance operations. It is
obviously better to carry out these operations too
often than not often enough.

OPERATION 1
Engine oil level
Fig. 5-4

Leave the tractor parked on a flat surface for at least five

minutes before checking the level, to allow the oil to
settle in the sump:

- take out the dipstick (2), wipe it with a rag and then
dip it into the filler again;

- wait 10—15 minutes, then remove the dipstick again

and make sure that the oil level reaches and does not
exceed the level marked on it.

- If necessary, pour additional oil through the filler (1)

until the required level has been reached.

CAUTION: Never ever use the engine with the oil

level below the “MIN” mark.

Fig.5-4 - Engine oil

128
 Maintenance

OPERATION 2
Oil level: mechanical transmission,
power lift circuit and steering cir-
cuit (Fig. 5-5)

Check at regular intervals the oil level in the mechanical

transmission and in the power lift and steering circuits.

Park the tractor on flat ground, stop the engine and lower
the power lift links. Remove the dipstick (1) and check
the oil level .

NOTE: Allow the oil to settle in the transmission and

rear final drives before checking the level.

The oil level in the transmission must be over the midli-

ne, between the minimum and maximum marks of the
dipstick (Fig. 5-5) with the lift links in the up position. If Fig. 5-5.
needed, fill up through the filler (1) to the required level 1. Dipstick and transmission oil filler
with oil of the prescribed type. A: Normal level marks
Min. - no oil consumption
Remove the breather (on the gearbox housing in the Max. - max. consumption 5 litres
mechanical version (1 - Fig.5-5b) to vent air when topping B: Level to be maintained if using a front loader or
up/filling the transmission. other hydraulic implements
2. Air bleeding plug, version with hydraulic PTO
When operating external hydraulics, such as hydraulic
front loaders, rams, motors etc. that require a certain
amount of oil, top up the oil level to the B mark on the
dipstick (corresponding to about 10 litres). This ensures
a correct oil level in the transmission at any time.

NOTE: The level must never be under the Min. mark.

When using external hydraulics, the level must always
be between the Min. and Max. marks.
5
NOTE: When working with the tractor on slopes, add 5
extra litres of oil to guarantee a minimum oil level even
in the most difficult conditions.

NOTE: The hydraulic rams of the implements being

hitched to the tractor contain the same oil used in the
transmission of the tractor. This excludes any oil conta-
mination that could cause malfunction.

Oil in the gearbox

The tractor’s transmission and the steering and power
lift circuits contain the same type of oil. See Lubricant
and Fuel Chart. Fig. 5-5b. Air bleeding plug (1), version with mechani-
cal PTO
NOTE: The Powershuttle contains a different oil from
the mechanical transmission. The two types of oil must
NEVER be mixed together.

129
Maintenance

OPERATION 3
Battery Fig.5-6
Periodically check the level of battery acid and add distil-
led water if necessary. If you need to top up too often,
have the battery charging system checked by a qualified
technician.

WARNING: Battery electrolyte contains sul-

furic acid and can cause serious burns.
Avoid contact with the skin and eyes. Keep
naked flames, sparks and lighted cigarettes
well clear of batteries which are being char-
ged. Keep the area in which batteries are being Fig. 5-6 - Battery
charged well ventilated. To get to the battery:
- Remove the stops (2)
WARNING: When connecting the battery to a - Remove the cover (1).
charger, make sure that the positive (+) lead
of the charger is connected to the positive of
the battery and the negative (-) to the negative.
Incorrect connection will damage the diodes
and the other circuit components.

NOTE: The level of the electrolyte must be checked

with the engine off, the tractor parked on flat ground
and the battery cold.

NOTE: Make sure that the battery terminal nuts are well
fixed to their terminals.

WARNING:
Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories
contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals
known to the State of California to cause cancer
and reproductive harm. Wash your hands after
handling these parts.
Fig.5-6B Battery
Battery master disconnect switch
IMPORTANT: Do not use the master disconnect switch
(Fig.5-6B) to STOP the Diesel engine, or the machine
power units will be damaged. Such operation can only
be considered as an emergency intervention.

Even if not actually required, it is advisable to insulate the

WARNING: Do not use acid to top up the bat-
tery. The electrolyte will boil over. Use only
deionised distilled water and top up to a level
of 5/6 mm over the battery cells.
WARNING: According to the Law it is man-
datory to dispose of batteries in suitable
containers provided to this purpose at autho-
rized centres. DO NOT dispose of them in the
environment.
machine electric system at the end of each work day by
means of the master disconnect switch. This operation
increases safety and prolongs battery life.
NOTE: The master disconnect switch must be used for
any operation on the electric system. It is at any rate ad-
visable to disconnect the battery completely if welding is
carried out on the machine.
Proceed as follows to remove the battery:
- Operate the parking brake switch and check that all
electrical equipment is off;
- Open the bonnet and find the battery and the master
disconnect switch, that must be on OFF (see Fig.5-6B);
- Disconnect the negative cable first then the positive;
- Remove the screw and bracket that retain the battery;
- Proceed in reverse order to reassemble and reconnect
the cables.

IMPORTANT: In case of fire, immediately detach the

cable from the positive terminal or, if equipped, operate
the master disconnect switch.

130
 Maintenance

OPERATION 4
Fuel filter Fig. 5-7
Regularly drain off the water that collects from
the cock (1) of the water/fuel separator filter (2).
Regularly drain off any dirt from the cock (3) of
the filter (4).
For this operation the tractor’s engine must be running.

Replace the fuel filter (4) for the first two times
every 50 hours (at 50 and 100 hours) during the
running in period. After this, replace the fuel filter
after every 500 hours service.

In this type of engines, the fuel system is generally bled

automatically.
However, when the filters are removed, you may need to Fig.5-7
completely bleed the system.

To completely bleed the system see “Fuel bleeding”.

OPERATION 5
Cooling circuit Fig.5-8

Periodically check the coolant level in the engine cooling

circuit. Top up through the plug if necessary (1).

WARNING: NEVER remove the plug from the

reservoir while the engine is still hot.
Always unscrew the plug slowly by one po- 5
sition and allow the pressure to drop before
you loosen it completely.

Precautions against freezing temperatures

To prevent ice from forming in the radiator, add specific
products according to the instructions given by the anti-
freeze manufacturer.
Antifreeze also possesses antioxidant and rust-inhibiting
properties and is suitable for all seasons.
The following amounts are indicatively required:

Degrees C° - 8° - 15° - 25° - 35°

Percentage of antifreeze
20 30 40 50
per volume %

Fig.5-8

131
Maintenance

OPERATION 6
Engine coolant radiator
Periodically check to make sure that the radiator (2 - Fig.
5-9) is not clogged. Clean with a jet of compressed air
directed from the inside towards the outside.

WARNING: These operations must be carried

out when the engine is cold. When hot, the
grilles and radiator will burn the hands and
fingers.

NOTE: The best results are obtained with a steam

cleaner that softens up the dirt. Use a lamp to check the
cleaning between the radiator fins. We recommend a
daily cleaning when front implements are used, espe-
cially front mower-conditioners. Fig.5-9

OPERATION 7
Transmission oil radiator
Periodically clean the surface of the radiator with a blast
of compressed air (2 - Fig. 5-9a)

With air conditioning radiator

Loosen the fixing pin (3) and remove the air conditio-
ning condenser (1) to make cleaning of the cooling
radiator (1) and of the transmission oil radiator (2) easier
(Operation 8).

Fig.5-9a
OPERATION 8
Air conditioning condenser (cab
version)
Regularly check the system to keep it in a good condi-
tion and use compressed air to remove any dust and
dirt from and around the condenser fins.
Remove the rear panel of the cab to get to the condenser
(1-Fig.5-10).

Then blow compressed air at a max. pressure of 7 bar (98

psi), in the opposite direction to that of the normal air flow.

WARNING: Never disconnect any pipes or hoses in

the air conditioning system to reach the condenser.
Fig.5-10
WARNING: If the tractor is to remain unused for a
long period of time, or if the system is not used,
remember to allow the air conditioner to operate
for about 15 minutes each week. This precautionary
measure prevents gas from leaking from the com-
pressor.

132
 Maintenance

OPERATION 9
Air filter discharge valve Fig. 5-11

Discharge the dust deposits and sediments each day by

pressing the rubber valve (2) on the air filter housing (1).

OPERATION 10
External cartridge of dry air filter
Fig. 5-12

WARNING: Always stop the engine before de- Fig.5-11

mounting the filter elements.
Periodically release the clips, remove the cover (2), take
out the external cartridge (3) and clean it (this operation
should be carried out more frequently if you work in a
very dusty environment):
CAUTION: Be careful when washing the tractor,
particularly when using pressure washing devices.
Protect the intake griddle (3 - Fig. 5-11) of the engi-
ne dry air filter to prevent water from seeping into
the filter.

- with a jet of compressed air at a pressure of no more

than 5.9 bar (6 Kg/cm2), directed towards the outside
of the filter cartridge (Fig.5-13);

or:

- with water and non-foaming detergent. After clea-

ning, rinse the filter cartridge with a jet of water at a
pressure not higher than 2.9 bar (3 Kg/cm2) and dry it
with dry air at a temperature of no more than 50°C.

Never ever clean the cartridge with products other than

those indicated above, or by tapping it on a hard surface.

Thoroughly clean all the internal parts of the housing (1)

with a damp cloth before remounting.
5
Fig.5-12
Replace the external element after three cleaning
operations and at least once a year or after every
1000 hours service.

Replace the internal secondary element (4) once a

year or after three cleanings of the outer element.

Always check to make sure that the filter housing is not

damaged and make sure that all the pipes and unions
are tight.

WARNING: The internal filter element must not be

replaced. NEVER attempt to clean the internal safety
element.

WARNING: NEVER attempt to clean the filter elements
with exhaust gas from the engine. NEVER EVER use
oil on a dry filter. NEVER EVER use wash oil, diesel
fuel, paraffin or solvents to clean the filter elements.
IMPORTANT: Dispose of filters correctly in accor-
dance with local regulations. Be responsible for the
environment.
Fig.5-13 - Cleaning the filter by compressed air (max.
pressure 4 bar).
WARNING: Before cleaning the filter with
compressed air, wear individual protections,
in particular goggles and a mask to protect
your airways.

133
Maintenance

OPERATION 11
Alternator and fan belt
Fig. 5-14

Periodically check the tension A of the alternator and fan

belt in the middle of its long side. It should give 10 - 15
mm.

To adjust the belt tension, loosen the fixing screws and

check nut (1) on the idler and move the alternator until
the correct tension has been obtained. Now tighten all
the screws and check nuts.
Also check the tension on the air conditioning compressor,
operation 12.

NOTE: Check the belt tension frequently. The belt must

be replaced if it is cracked or needs to be frequently
adjusted. This operation must be carried out by authori- Fig.5-14
zed service personnel.

OPERATION 12
Compressor drive belt - Fig. 5-15
Regularly check the tension of the A/C compressor dri-
ve belt and adjust (1) in the following way if necessary
(Fig. 5-15).

1 - Loosen the fixing nuts (2).

2 - Move the idler (3) until the belt (4) gives about 15
mm when pressed in the middle of the longest
side.

3 - Tighten all the nuts (2).

4 - Also make sure that the alternator-fan belt is cor-

rectly adjusted (operation 11.

WARNING: Always check and adjust the fan and al-

ternator belt first, and the compressor drive second.
Fig.5-15 - Checking and adjusting the compressor drive
belt.

134
 Maintenance

OPERATION 13
Mechanical gearshift clutch pedal
Fig. 5-16

If you note that clutch pedal (1) operation becomes spongy

or if the clutch slips, check that the idle travel A of the
pedal is between 15 and 25 mm. If necessary, adjust the
travel in the following way:

- Loosen the check nut (2);

- Disconnect the adjuster fork (1) and tighten it or loo-

sen it to obtain the correct travel A;

- Lock the check nut. Fig.5-16 Adjusting the clutch pedal travel. Pedal travel
A= 1.5 to 2.5 cm
NOTE: The electro-hydraulic clutch of tractors with
electro-hydraulic reverse shuttle needs no adjustment.

OPERATION 14
Engine - Mechanical PTO clutch
adjustment Fig.5-17
Check at suitable intervals the lever adjustment. It must
have a free travel of 4 to 5 cm. For the adjustment, loosen
the jam nut (2) and screw or unscrew the adjustment fork
(1) on the control rod.
Lock the jam nut (2) again.

The mechanical clutch is hydraulically controlled and

needs no adjustment. Consult your dealer if necessary.

Fig.5-17 - Check free run “A” (3.5-4 cm.) of the disenga-

gement lever of the mechanical PTO clutch

135
Maintenance

OPERATION 15
Brake fluid reservoir
At suitable intervals, check the level of the fluid in the
brake reservoir. The reservoir (1 - Fig. 5-18) must always
be kept full. Top up only with the correct brake fluid, as
indicated in the Lubricants and Fuels chart. An indicator
light in the instrument panel (Fig.3-3) comes on whene-
ver the fluid level is too low; in this case top up to the
required level.

Bleeding air from the rear brake

circuit
It becomes necessary to bleed the circuit when air en-
ters owing to lack of oil in the relative reservoir or when
the braking system is serviced.
This operation should be carried out by specialized
Fig.5-18 - Brake fluid reservoir(1)
personnel. If, however, you decide to do it yourself, pro-
ceed as described in the General Maintenance section.

WARNING: When changing and topping up the fluid

in the brake reservoir (1 - Fig. 5-18), be absolute-
ly sure to use the correct type of fluid as different
varieties have totally different properties. These ma-
chines use a mineral-based. Never mix or exchange
these two types of brake fluid as this could rapidly
bring about brake failure.

136
 Maintenance

OPERATION 16
Adjusting the brakes

Rear brakes
Adjust the brakes for the first time after the first 50 hours,
then according to the work conditions.

The braking system must be adjusted when the free

travel of the pedals (A - Fig. 5-19) becomes excessive
and the pedals are near to end of travel.
Proceed in the following way to restore free pedal travel
to its normal value of about 3.5 cm (1.4 in.) (dimension
A):

1 - First make sure that there is no air in the hydraulic

brake circuit. Bleed if necessary. (The presence of Fig.5-19 - Travel (A) of brake pedals
air in the circuit is normally denoted by a spongy
braking action).

2 - Jack up the rear wheels of the tractor.

3 - Make sure that the parking brake is off.

4 - Free the brake pedals by raising the lock.

5 - Unscrew the check nut (1 - Fig. 5-21). Slowly

tighten the adjuster nut (2 - Fig. 5-21) until you can
no longer turn the wheel by hand.

6 - Make a reference mark on the adjuster nut (2 - Fig.

5-20) and on the support, then slacken off the
adjuster nut by 1 and 1/4ths of a turn, i.e. until the
wheel can be freely turned. Now lock the adjuster
with the relative check nut (1 - Fig. 5-21).

7 - Check that the brake pedal has a free travel of 3.5

cm (1.4 in.) and repeat the adjustment if necessary.
Fig.5-20 - Check nut (2). 5
8 - Repeat the procedure for the other side (Fig. 5-22).
Finally, check that the free travel is the same for
both pedals and that the brakes engage simulta-
neously on both sides.

9 - Check that the parking brake lever has not been

affected and adjust if necessary (Operation 17).

Front brakes

No periodic adjustment is required as the front brakes

are self-regulating.

Fig.5-21 - Adjusting the rh brake.

1 - Check nut
2 - Adjuster nut

137
Maintenance

OPERATION 17
Parking brake - Fig. 5-22a
The parking brake hand lever (1 - Fig.5-22b) is directly
linked to the brake pedals.
Make sure that free travel is identical for both pedals,
since free travel of the pedals determines the free travel
of the parking brake and left/right distribution of the
braking action when the brakes are locked.

Once you have adjusted the brake pedals, adjust the

free travel of the parking brake by means of the adjuster
nut (3 - Fig. 5-22a) on the brake lever, so that the par-
king brake engages after 2 clicks of the ratchet mecha-
nism, perceived on the release button (2 - Fig.5-22b).

Fig.5-22a - Travel adjustment of the lh brake pedal and

parking brake hand lever.
1 - Fixing and adjuster nut of the parking brake.
2 - Rear brake check nut.
3 - Rear brake adjuster nut,
4 - Parking brake disengagement adjuster rod .

Fig.5-22b

138
 Maintenance

OPERATION 18
Rear final drives
Fig. 5-23
1. Park the tractor on level ground.

2. Position the final drive plugs (1- Fig.5-23) on the wheel

center line. Remove the plugs and check the oil level.
The oil level is correct if it flows from the hole. Top up
if necessary with oil of the specified type through the
plugs.

NOTE: See the Fuel and Lubricant chart for the correct
type of oil.

Fig.5-23 - Rear final drives

OPERATION 19
Front axle oil level

4WD front axle

Regularly check the oil level in the differential of the
front axle and in the front axle side final drives.

1. Park the tractor on level ground

2. Position the final drive plugs (1- Fig.5-24) on the wheel

center line. Remove the plugs and check the level.
Top up if necessary with oil of the specified type
through the plugs. 5
3. Remove the level plug (2 - Fig. 5-25) from the central Fig.5-24 - Front axle final drive:
axle housing. The oil level must reach the hole. Top 1 - Filler, drain and level plug
up if necessary with oil of the specified type through
the plug (2 - Fig. 5-25).

NOTE: See the Fuel and Lubricant chart for the correct
type of oil.

Fig.5-25 - Front axle

139
Maintenance

OPERATION 20
Miscellaneous inspections
• Power steering cylinder hoses: the tubes must not
be crushed or cracked. The outer sheath must not
be swollen in any way and there must be no oil
leaks between the tubes and unions.

• Hand brake lever: make sure that the ratchet mecha-

nism locks in a secure and stable way.

• Make sure that the wheel nuts are correctly torqued.

• Make sure that the safety frame screws are well
tightened.

• Check to make sure that all other nuts and bolts are
well tightened.

• Check the tyre pressures.

• Check the fluid level in the window washer reservoir
- Cab version.

Safety frame

Have your Dealer’s specialized personnel check to make

sure that the safety frame fixing screws are correctly
tightened.

WARNING: The safety frame complies with

certain safety standards. It must never be
drilled or modified in order to install accesso-
ries or implements. It is FORBIDDEN to weld
on accessories or repair the safety frame by
welding.

140
 Maintenance

EVERY 100 HOURS WORK

WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
WARNING: Maintenance operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the par-
king brake are both engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine parts.

OPERATION 21
General lubrication
Lubricate the grease points every 100 hours or more
often, depending on the working conditions.

- Grease nipples on brake control cross link, two

points (Fig.5-27)

- Three point linkage: 7 grease nipples (Fig.5-28)

- Disengagement collar of the PTO mechanical clutch:

inject grease of the prescribed type (max. two pump
feeds) every 100 hours of actual PTO operation.
(Fig.5-29). Fig.5-27 Brake control cross link (2 nipples). Inject
grease of the prescribed type.
- 4WD drive shaft thrust bearing (Fig.5-30).

Fig.5-28 - Grease nipples of the three point linkage.

Fig.5-29 Fig.5-30

141
Maintenance

OPERATION 22

4WD front axle greasing

Lubricate the following greasing nipples every 100
hours or more frequently, depending on work condi-
tions:

• Kingpins of 4WD axle (2 pcs). (1, Fig.5-31)

• Central pivot bushings of the front axle (1, Fig.5-32)

Fig.5-31

Fig.5-32 - Front axle.

1 - Grease nipple of front pivot bushing of the
front axle.

142
 Maintenance

OPERATION 23
2WD front axle
(Optional for some markets only)

Lubricate the following greasing nipples every 100

hours or more frequently, depending on work condi-
tions:

Fig.5-33 Non-driving front axle kingpin (2 nipples).

Inject grease of the prescribed type.

Fig.5-33

Fig.5-34 Non-driving front axle kingpin (2 nipples).

Inject grease of the prescribed type.

Fig.5-34

143
Maintenance

EVERY 250 HOURS SERVICE

WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
WARNING: Maintenance operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the par-
king brake are both engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine parts.

OPERATION 24
Engine oil sump Fig. 5-35
During the running in period, the engine oil must be chan-
ged after the first 50 hours. Following this, change the oil
after every 250 hours service (250, 500, 750 hours, etc...)

1. Change the oil whilst the engine is hot.

2. Remove the drain plug (3 - Fig. 5-35) after parking
the tractor on a flat surface.
3. Fit the drain plug back on and tighten it (3.5 daNm
driving torque).
4. Fill with oil of the recommended type until reaching
the maximum level mark on the dipstick (2).

NOTE: Allow the oil to settle in the engine sump before

checking the level. 250 hours is the maximum tolerated
frequency for oil changes. The oil must be changed
more frequently (e.g. every 125 hours) if the tractor is
used in heavy duty conditions).
If the tractor is used infrequently, change the engine oil
at least once a year regardless of the actual number of
hours worked. Fig.5-35 - Engine oil

OPERATION 25
Engine oil filter Fig. 5-36
During the running in period, the engine oil must be chan-
ged after the first 50 hours. Following this, change the oil
after every 250 hours service (250, 500, 750 hours, etc...)

1. Unscrew the old filter (1) from its housing.

2. Smear the housing in which the new filter is to be
mounted with clean oil. Make sure that the new
filter fits correctly into its housing.
3. Fully tighten the new filter into its housing, then
hand tighten a further half turn.
4. Top up the level with new oil (see operation 1).

NOTE: Consult the lubricant and fuel chart for the type
of oil required.

WARNING: Only use genuine filter cartridges. Use

of spurious cartridges could damage the engine and
shorten its working life. Fig.5-36

144
 Maintenance

Oil filters of the transmission and

of the steering and hitch circuits
The following operations for the transmission oil filters
must be carried out not only at the prescribed intervals,
but also whenever the indicator lights on the instrument
panel come on.

Warning lights for transmission and hydraulic sy-

stem oil filter blockage (Fig.5-37)

1 - Fixed light: Red warning light for low pressure in

transmission hydraulic circuit.When it lights up during
operations, a buzzer sounds. In this case, ask your
Dealer’s specialised workshop for help. Fig.5-37

2 - Fixed light: Orange warning light for blockage of the

oil filter of transmission and hydraulic circuit. The filter
is mounted on the intake part of the hydraulic pumps.

OPERATION 26
Oil filter of the transmission,
steering and power lift circuits,
mounted on the intake part of the
hydraulic pumps.
Fig.5-38
WARNING: Clean the filter on the intake of the stee-
ring and hitch circuit pumps after the first 50 hours,
then every 250 hours service.

1 - Loosen the screws (1) and remove the cover (3) of 5

the intake filter (2).
2 - Remove the filter cartridge (2) and wash it in a
suitable solvent. Be sure to remove any metallic
fragments from the filter cover and housing.

NOTE: Replace the filter if damaged.

3 - Clean and reassemble the cover.

4. Check the oil level. Top up if necessary with oil of
Fig.5-38
the prescribed type.

NOTE: After you have fitted the filter, allow the engine to
run and make sure that there are no leaks. Check the oil NOTE: Use the oil prescribed in the Lubricants and
level and top up if required. Fuels chart.

NOTE: Make sure that the hydraulic equipment connec-

ted to the tractor’s hydraulic circuit uses the same type
of oil. Use of different types of oil could damage the
hydraulic circuit.

145
Maintenance

OPERATION 27
Filter on the delivery (Fig. 5-39) of
the steering circuit (and of the Po-
wershuttle circuit, if installed)
WARNING: Change the paper filter on the delivery
after the first 50 hours service and then after every
250 hours.
Also change the filter whenever the red indicator
lights on the instrument panel come on (Fig.5-37)

Change the element of the filter on the delivery of the

steering circuit:

1 - Unscrew the holder (1), remove and discard the

filter element (3).
Fig.5-39 - Oil filter of steering, power lift and Powershut-
2 - Fit the new filter element (3) into the cover of the tle (if installed) circuits.
filter (2). 1 - Holder.
2 - Cover.
To prevent the filter element from being dirtied (with 3 - Filter element.
mud, etc.) only completely remove the plastic protec- 4 - Washer.
tion after fitting. 5 - Ring seal.

3 - Mount the holder (1) after having oiled its threaded

part, the washer (4) and seal (5) with clean new oil.
Take great care to fit the individual parts in the right
directions.

Change the seal (5) and the washer (4) every

1000 hours service or whenever necessary.

4 - Fully screw on the holder (1) by hand.

NOTE: After changing the oil and filters, run the engine
for a while and make sure there are no leaks. Check the
oil level again and top up if necessary.

NOTE: Use the oil indicated in the Lubricants and Fuels

chart.

NOTE: Make sure that the hydraulic equipment con-

nected to the tractor’s hydraulic circuit uses the same
type of oil. Use of different types of oil could damage
the hydraulic circuit.

146
 Maintenance

EVERY 500 HOURS SERVICE

WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
WARNING: Maintenance operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the par-
king brake are both engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine parts.

OPERATION 28
Fuel filter Fig.5-40

When the engine is running in, during the first 100

hours service, the filter should be changed for
the first two times after every 50 hours. After this,
change the fuel filter cartridge after every 500 hours
service (500,1000, etc.).

To change the fuel filter

Proceed in the following way:
1 - Clean the outside of the filter.
2 - Open the drain plug (2) at the bottom of the filter
to let all fuel out.
3 - Unscrew the filter housing (1). Remove housing Fig.5-40
and filter element from the filter head.
4 - Press the filter element against the spring and turn
it anti-clockwise to release it from the housing.
5 - Put a new filter element into the housing, press it
against the spring and turn clockwise to lock it in
the housing.
6 - Put a new seal into the housing and smear it with
clean fuel.
7 - Check the thread within the element for damage.
8 - Place the filter unit on the filter head and screw
down by hand until both parts contact. Tighten by
hand of a further 1/4th of a turn, without using any
keys.
5
9 - Close the drain plug (2).
10 -Bleed the fuel circuit if needed. See the General
Maintenance chapter.
11 -Start the engine and check for leaks.

In this type of engines, the fuel system is generally bled

automatically.
However, when the filters are removed, you may need to
completely bleed the system.

For a complete bleeding of the fuel system, see “Fuel

bleeding”.

CAUTION: Do not operate the electric starter

motor for more than 20 seconds at a time to avoid
overheating the windings.
If the engine fails to start, wait a while to let the
starter motor cool down before trying again.

147
Maintenance

Bleeding air from the fuel system

Air is normally expelled automatically from this type of

system.
However, if such an operation should be necessary,
proceed in the following way (Fig. 5-41).

1 - Make sure that the fuel tank contains a sufficient

quantity of fuel.

2 - Slacken off one of the fittings (3) that connect the

injectors and allow the engine to turn over by me-
ans of the starter motor until bubble-free fuel flows
out of the bleeder.

CAUTION: Do not operate the electric starter motor

for more than 20 seconds at a time to avoid overhe- Fig. 5-41 Injection pump, injectors and filters - 4-cyl.
ating the windings. If the engine fails to start, wait engine. The position of the fuel filters may be different
a while to let the starter motor cool down before according to the type of engine.
trying again. 1 - Fuel filter.
2 - Injection pump.
3 - Shut off the injector fitting when bubble-free fuel 3- Injector fittings.
flows from the fitting itself.

4 - Check all the fuel lines and seals for leaks.

148
 Maintenance

OPERATION 29
Front wheel hubs for 2WD front
axle - Fig. 5-42 (If fitted)

Front wheel hubs: inject grease of the prescribed type

by means of a pump (2 grease nipples).

Fig.5-42

GENERAL MAINTENANCE

WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
WARNING: Maintenance operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the par-
king brake are both engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine parts.

OPERATION 30
Engine valves Fig. 5-41

Have the tappet and valve gaps checked by your Dealer’s

authorized personnel.
5

Fig.5-40

149
Maintenance

EVERY 1000 HOURS SERVICE OR ONCE A YEAR

WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
WARNING: Maintenance operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the par-
king brake are both engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine parts.

OPERATION 31
Injectors and fuel system Fig. 5-44

Have these checked by your Dealer’s specialized per-

sonnel.

NOTE: Thoroughly clean the area in which you must

work before loosening or disconnecting any part of the
injection system.

NOTE: Place covers on all the tubes and injector orifi-

ces to prevent dirt from penetrating.

Fig.5-44

OPERATION 32
Oil changes for the transmission,
steering circuit and power lift
hydraulic circuit
Fig. 5-45a and 5-45b

NOTE: It is advisable to change the oil for the first time

after 500 hours. After this, change the oil after every
1000 hours service.

Transmission housing Fig.5-45a and 5-45b

1 - Lower the lift arms to the ground.

2 - Remove the plug (see Operation 2).

Fig.5-45a
3 - Place vessels under all seven drain plugs to collect
the oil as it drains out.

4 - Remove the plugs and drain out the oil (Fig.5-45a;

Fig.5-45b).

5 - Fit the drain plugs back in place, then pour oil of

the approved type into the transmission until the
correct level has been reached (see Operation 2).

NOTE: Let the oil stabilize before checking its level.

WARNING: See the Lubricants and Fuels chart for

the type of oil to be used according to the transmis-
sion type.

Fig.5-45b

150
 Maintenance

OPERATION 33
Rear final drives

Rear final drives

Oil draining (Fig.5-46)

Position the plugs (1) of the rear final drives downward.
Place a vessel under the plugs (1) (one for each final drive).
Remove the plugs and drain out oil from the final drives.

Oil filling (Fig.5-47)

Position the plugs (1) on the horizontal wheel centre line
and fill with oil of the prescribed type up to the holes.
Wait for the oil to stabilize before checking the level. Top
up if necessary. Fig.5-46
Fit the plugs (1) back.

NOTE: See the Lubricants and Fuels chart for the cor-
rect type of oil.

Fig.5-47

5
OPERATION 34
Steering cylinder knuckle joints
Have the knuckle joint nuts (1) checked by an authorized
service center after the first 50 hours and then after every
1000 hours service (Fig. 5-48).

REX05-48

Fig.5-48

151
Maintenance

OPERATION 35
Oil changes in 4WD front axle
Axle housing Fig.5-49
Place a vessel under the plug (1), remove the plug and
drain out all oil.

Side final drives Fig.5-50

Position the final drive plugs (1) downward. Place a vessel
under each final drive plug (1) (one for each final drive).
Remove the plugs and drain out all oil.

Oil filling in 4WD front axle

Fig.5-49
NOTE: See the Lubricants and Fuels chart for the cor-
rect type of oil.

Front axle housing

Fit the plug (1 - Fig.5-49) back when no more oil is coming
out and fill up with fresh oil through the filler (1- Fig.5-52)
up to the level of the plug (1 - Fig.5-50).

Wait for the oil to stabilize before checking the level. Top
up if necessary.

Fit the plug back (1 - Fig.5-52).

Side final drives

Position the plugs (1 - Fig.5-51) on the wheel center line. Fill
up with oil of the specified type to the level of the holes.
Wait for the oil to stabilize before checking the level. Top
up if necessary. Fit the plugs back (1 - Fig.5-51) Fig.5-50

Fig.5-51-Front final drive: (1) filler plug

Fig.5-52 - Front axle

152
 Maintenance

OPERATION 36
Starter motor Fig.5-53
The starter motor (1) should be thoroughly cleaned at
least once a year. Particularly check the condition of the
brushes and collector.

Fig.5-53

Alternator – Fig.5-54
Have the condition and operation of the alternator checked
by a specialized workshop.

5
Fig.5-54

OPERATION 37
Dry air filter Fig.5-55
Release the clips (2), remove the cover (3) and replace the
external cartridge (4) along with the internal safety car-
tridge (5). Carefully clean the filter cover (3) and bowl (1).

NOTE: The two filter cartridges should be replaced at

least once a year even if the tractor has not yet worked
for 1000 hours.

WARNING: The internal cartridge (5) must always be

replaced. It must never be cleaned.

WARNING: Always stop the engine before demounting

the filter elements.

IMPORTANT: Dispose of filters correctly in accordance

with local regulations. Be responsible for the environment.
Fig.5-55

153
Maintenance

OPERATION 38
Cooling system
Fig.5-56 and 5-57
Cleaning
Remove the filler cap (1) to make coolant draining easier.

WARNING: NEVER remove the radiator cap

when the engine is hot. Unscrew the cap
very slowly to release the pressure before
taking it off completely.

Set a suitable vessel in position and drain out the coolant

through radiator plug and through plug (1 - Fig.5-57) of
the engine block. Fig.5-56

Shut off the drain plugs and fill up the system with coolant
fluid until the level reaches 20-25 mm below the edge of
the fill plug (1 - Fig.5-56).

Remove the fill plug (1) and allow the engine to run at
1000 RPM for a few minutes. Now check the level and
top up if necessary. Shut the fill plug (1) once the cleaning
operation has terminated.

NOTE: In an emergency, to make up for sudden leaks,

the system can be topped up with water by pouring this
through the filler plug (1)

CAUTION: Have the fault repaired as soon as possible.

Fill with mixture as indicated in the table below.

Precautions against freezing tem- Fig.5-57

peratures
The system is filled with a mixture of water and antifreeze.
Add the proportion of antifreeze given in the following
table.

Degrees C° - 8° - 15° - 25° - 35°

Percentage of antifreeze
20 30 40 50
per volume %

This mixture can be permanently maintained in the circuit

for 1 year so long as you have not totalized 1000 hours
service during this period. In this case, the mixture must
be changed.

Flush out the system whenever you change from using

pure water to antifreeze mixtures and vice versa.

154
 Maintenance

OPERATION 39
Fuel tank Fig.5-58
The fuel tank is cleaned by removing the plug (1 - Fig. 5-58).

NOTE: Drain off the sludge when the tank is almost

empty and only after having placed a suitable vessel
under the drain plug.

NOTE: Air in the fuel circuit makes starting the engine

difficult. Bleed the circuit as described under General
Maintenance in this section.

Fig.5-58

155
Maintenance

GENERAL MAINTENANCE

Brakes

Bleeding the air from the rear brake

circuit
It becomes necessary to bleed the circuit when air en-
ters owing to lack of oil in the relative reservoir or when
the brake system is serviced.
This operation should be carried out by specialized
personnel. If, however, you decide to do it yourself,
proceed in the following way.

1 - Make sure that the reservoir (1 - Fig.5-60) is full.

2 - Thoroughly clean the area around the bleed screw.

3 - Fully depress the right-hand brake pedal.

Meanwhile, unscrew the bleed screw (1 - Fig.5-61)
a half-turn and allow any air and oil to flow out. Re-
tighten the bleed screw and release the pedal. Fig.5-60 - Brake fluid reservoir (1).

4 - Repeat this operation until bubble-free oil flows

from the bleed screw.
5 - Make sure that the clutch pedal travel is firm and
not spongy.
6 - Carry out the operations described above for the
left-hand brake pedal (Fig.5-62).
WARNING: When changing and topping up the fluid
in the brake reservoir (1 - Fig. 5-60), be absolute-
ly sure to use the correct type of fluid as different
varieties have totally different properties. These
machines use a mineral-based fluid. Never mix
or exchange these two types of brake fluid as this
could rapidly bring about brake failure.

7 - On completion of bleeding, top up the fluid level in

the reservoir (1 - Fig. 5-60).

NOTE: Never reuse previously bled oil without having

first filtered it.

Fig.5-61 - Right-hand brake bleed screw. Fig.5-62 - Rear brake circuit bleeding
1 - Left-hand brake bleed screw.

156
 Maintenance

Bleeding air from the front brake

circuit
After having carefully carried out operations 1 to 7 to
bleed the rear brakes, proceed in the following way:

1 - Depress both brake pedals at the same time. Use

the special coupling lock to keep the pedals toge-
ther. Unscrew the bleed screw (2 - Fig.5-63) on the
on-off valve (3) until bubble-free oil flows out.
Re-tighten the screw and release the pedals.

2 - Depress both pedals at the same time and slacken

off the two bleed screws (1 - Fig.5-64) at the rear
of the central part of the front axle.
Repeat this operation until bubble-free oil flows
out.

NOTE: if the tractor is equipped with a valve for hydraulic

trailer braking, it will also be necessary to bleed off
any air in the piloting tube of this valve. A screw on
Fig.5-63 - Brake fluid reservoir (1) - Bleeder screw (2),
the body of the valve allows this operation to be easily
on-off valve (3).
carried out.
WARNING: The oil in the brake circuits has been
3 - Check free pedal travel and that the front brakes
studied to operate at a temperature of 100°C but
act at the same time. Do this by testing the action
only if not polluted by other substances, e.g. water
on the road.
in considerable quantities will turn into vapour
and prevent the braking system from operating in
4 - After having done this, top up the level in the reser-
the correct way. Take the necessary precautions to
voir (1 - Fig.5-60) with oil of the prescribed type.
prevent water from penetrating into the system:
protect the front axle and the components in the
WARNING: Always keep the brake pedals
braking system when the tractor is washed; store oil
coupled for on-road driving in order to
in sheltered places where water cannot infiltrate. If
ensure simultaneous braking on both sides.
you think that there is water in the braking system
Never use the brakes independently on
you must contact your dealer’s specialized person-
public roads.
nel and have it removed. In this case, the rear brake
cylinders will have to be demounted and emptied
5
When working on slopes, avoid using the
and particularly the brake housing of the front axle
brakes as much as possible. Instead, select a
which, being the lowest part of the system, is the
lower gear and use engine braking.
one most exposed to this type of fault.

Fig.5-64 - Bleeding air from the front brake circuit.

1 - Bleeder screws (2 screws).

157
Maintenance

Hydraulic trailer brakes

To brake the trailer along with the tractor, the flexible
tube of the trailer brakes must be connected to the fit-
ting at the rear of the tractor (1 - Fig.5-65). Always make
sure that the two parts are clean before you connect
them, to ensure that the various components operate in
a perfect way.

WARNING: Trailer brake approved for ITALY. When

the tractor is operating, it is absolutely essential to
engage the parking brake when either connecting or
detaching the tube that links the tube of the trailer
braking system to the quick coupling (1 - Fig.5-65).

NOTE: Air may enter the hydraulic trailer brake circuit

during normal servicing operations such as oil changes,
cleaning of oil ducts. Air in the circuit leads to vibrations
on the pedal when the brakes are used. Air can be
easily bled from the circuit by pulling the parking brake
lever and depressing the brake pedal several times.
Fig.5-65 - Hydraulic trailer braking tap (1).
If bleeding air is required, loosen the bleeding screw (2 -
Fig.5-65) of the control circuit on the valve. To bleed air, the
quick-hitch coupling must be installed on the connection
union (1 - Fig.5-65) in order to release the locking device
of the circuit (3 - Fig.5-65).

Dashboard control coatings

CAUTION: Use water and a neutral detergent to

clean the coatings of dashboard and controls. Any
commercial product to clean car interiors may be
used. DO NOT use any kind of solvents or alcohol.

158
Cab - Electrical system

Section 6
Cab - Maintenance 6
Electrical system

159
Cab - Electrical system

AIR CONDITIONED CAB

The cab can be fitted with an air conditioning system on
request.
Besides being able to provide an optimum temperature in
the cab, this system also lowers the degree of humidity
in the air.

SAFETY NOTES
The air conditioner is a safe system that is able to ensu-
re lasting and risk-free use. However, it is important to
comply with certain simple precautions (listed below) in
order to prevent possible accidents.

• Never work on the conditioning system yourselves.

Always contact the specialized technicians of the
Assistance Service (Fig. 6-1).

• Keep naked flames well away from the air conditio- Fig. 6-1
ning system (Fig. 6-2) as leaking coolant could give
rise to a deadly gas: phosgene.

• The mixture of oil and coolant in the air conditio-

ning system is under pressure. Never ever loosen
any unions or tamper with the pipes.
For the same reason, you must never unscrew the
compressor’s oil level check plug.

• Coolant can freeze the skin and particularly the

eyes.
Proceed in the following way if accidents occur:
– if coolant has splashed into the eyes, wash them
out immediately with a few drops of mineral oil,
then continue to wash them with a solution of bo-
ric acid and water (one teaspoon of acid in 1/4 of a
cup of water) and immediately seek medical help;
– areas frozen by coolant fluid can be treated by
progressively warming the injured zone with cold
water and then applying a greasy cream.
However, always seek medical help if such acci-
dents occur.
Fig. 6-2
• Keep the air conditioning system well away from
heat sources as explosions could occur (Fig. 6-3).

Fig. 6-3

160

PERIODICAL INSPECTIONS
At least once every three months:
– remove any foreign bodies from between the
evaporator and condenser fins;
– check the tension of the compressor belt;
– allow the engine to run at a rate of 1500 rpm. In
the meantime keep the dehydrator filter under
observation: the glass should be clear, without air
bubbles or white liquid.
– check the conditions of the pipes, unions and
supporting brackets;
– make sure that the drain pipes are efficient and
remove the condensation from the evaporator;
– make sure that the screws and fixing nuts of the
pulleys and compressor are well tightened.
– Grease Door Locks and Hinges
MAINTENANCE
If the conditioning system remains unused for a long
period of time, it must be turned on for a few minutes
each month to allow the oil to circulate around the circuit
and to keep the seals in an efficient condition.
Only operate the conditioner when the engine is hot and
the temperature in the cab has reached 20°C.
YEARLY MAINTENANCE
Have your Dealer’s specialized personnel carry out the
following operations at the beginning of the season:
– check the level of the oil in the compressor and top it
up if necessary;
– make sure that the system is tight by means of a leak
tester and top up the HFC 134a gas if necessary, or
– replace the dehydrator filter only if strictly necessary;
– carry out a functional test on the system.
Cab - Electrical system
GENERAL CAB MAINTENANCE (ALL
VERSIONS)
After servicing the external parts of the cab, proceed with
the following inspections:
1. Periodically check to make sure that no water
has collected in the zones covered with mats or
upholstery.
2. Protect the hinges and locks of the doors, sun
roof and openable windows with water-repellent
lubricating products.
3. Use special cleaning products to clean the
windows, or sulphuric ether, if necessary.
4. Detach the windscreen wiper and sprinkle talcum
on the rubber wiper.
5. Leave the doors or sun-roof partially open.
CAB UPHOLSTERY
CAUTION: Use water and a neutral detergent to cle-
an the polyurethane cab upholstery or the specific
products available on the market for cleaning car
interiors. Any commercial product for car upholste-
ry cleaning may be used.
Do NOT use any products deriving from hydro-
carbons, ketonic or aromatic solvents, or cleaning
spirits of any kind.
SPECIFICATIONS
Coolant fluid.......................................................... R134 A
Air conditioning system reloading
- Quantity of gas to be loaded: 1000 g (+/- 50 g)
- Keep the gas unit steady when filling the circuit,
in order to allow for a precise reading of the gas
weight.
- Operating pressure (20 bar).
IMPORTANT: This tractor uses a R134A coolant that does
6
not damage the ozone layer. Do not introduce any coolant
different from the prescribed one into the air conditioning
system. This could jeopardize the cooling power and irre-
mediably damage the system.
Check the tension of the compressor belt as indicated
in Operation 10 in the Periodical Maintenance chapter.
DANGER: Wear safety garments and goggles
in case of leaks. Coolant can injury the eyes.
The coolant produces a toxic gas if it con-
tacts a flame.
161
Cab - Electrical system

Cab air filter Fig.6-4

WARNING: Remember that the cab filter is not
suitable for chemicals in general.
Absolute protection against these products
can therefore only be achieved by taking
the precautionary measures required by the
degree of harmfulness of the actual products
used.
It is essential to strictly conform to this latter
precaution for all types of filter whose use
requires compliance with the envisaged ope-
ration and maintenance instructions.
However, even use of filters to protect against
chemicals in general does not exempt opera-
tors from taking all the personal precautions
recommended for use of such products. Fig. 6-4
These specific filters must only be mounted
when the actual chemicals are being used and
must then be replaced with the normal paper
filters supplied with the machine at the end
of each treatment.
Do not use them during the other processes
since the dust would quickly clog them.
Carefully comply with the operating instruc-
tions on the filter packages or labels. Contact
your Dealer if specific filters against chemicals
must be used.

CAUTION:Take the filter off before washing the cab.

If the cab is washed and the special filter has not been
demounted, take care to prevent the jet of water from
splashing on to the protective grille (Fig.6-5) otherwise
your cab’s special filter will be irreparably damaged. Fig. 6-5

CAUTION: If active carbon filters are used, mount only

original filters supplied in a sealed package: follow the
instructions for use on the container and attached to
any filter package. Carefully comply with the operating
instructions on the filter packages or labels. Replace the
filters at the intervals specified by the filter manufacturer.
Contact your Dealer if specific filters against chemicals
must be used. Protection level
Always wear individual protections suitable to the harm-
fulness of the actual product used.

CAUTION: The Manufacturer has no responsibility

whatever, either direct or indirect, for application of spe-
WARNING: Tractors with cab have no pro-
cial filters and/or changes to the air intake system of the
tection against harmful substances, but is
cab. Every change to the cab intake system can result
protected from dust (protection level 2). If
in a health hazard for the operator and significantly alter
the tractor is used to spray phytosanitary
the performance of the air conditioning system. In any
products or chemicals generally thought of as
case, the cab is not guaranteed as perfectly dust-tight.
hazardous to health, the operator must wear
Always wear individual protections when working in
individual protections (mask) suitable to the
particularly dusty environment.
harmfulness of the actual product used.

162
 Cab - Electrical system

Fuses – Fig. 6-6a

The box (1) houses the fuses that protect the electrical
system of the cab.

Fig. 6-5b
The fuse 70A protecting the cab roof circuit is mounted
under the covering of the rear cab post (1 - Fig.6-5b). Re-
move the covering of the rear cab post to replace the fuse.

Fuse Function -Fig. 6-6a Amp.

1 A.C. fan speed selector 15

2 Air conditioning compressor 7.5
3 Air conditioner thermostat 5
4 Air conditioning exchanger
electric fans 20
5 Front windscreen wiper 5
6 Window washer 5
7 Rear window wiper 5
8 Radio, key-operated 7.5
9 Radio and ceiling light, direct 7.5
10 Front field lights 10
11 Rear field lights 10
12 Rotary beacon 7.5

Fig.6-6a

Cab relays – Fig.6-6b

The relays of the cab electric system are located under 6
the cab roof lining (Fig.6-6b).

Relays Description

KC1 Conditioned air relay, max. 30A

KC2 Relay for cab field lights, window wiper, window
washer and radio, max. 30A
KC3 Relay for front cab field lights, max. 30A
KC4 Relay for rear cab field lights, max. 30A
KC5 Relay for conditioned air compressor, max. 30A
KC6 Relay for conditioned air exchanger fans,
max. 30A

Fig.6-6b

163
Cab - Electrical system

CAB - MAINTENANCE ON REQUEST

Operation 1

Cab air filter Fig. 6-7

1 - Unscrew fixing knobs of the cover.

2 - Remove the cover.
3 - Unscrew the two knobs (2) fixing the filter.
4 - Remove the filter (1) and clean as follows (Fig.6-7b):

– delicately tap it on a flat surface with the external

side pointing downwards;

or:

– use a jet of compressed air at a pressure of less

than 6.9 bar (7 kg/cm2); Fig.6-7

Clean the filter housing with a cloth.

When the filter is remounted, the cartridge (1) must be
oriented as indicated on the cartridge itself.

Fig.6-7b

Operation 2

Compressor belt Fig. 6-8

Periodically check the tension of the compressor belt.

If the belt (1) is slack, loosen the fixing screw (2) and move
the idler (3) until the correct tension is obtained.

NOTE: Replace the belt if it is cracked or needs fre-

quent adjustments.

CAUTION: Always check the fan and alternator belt

first, and the air conditioning compressor belt after-
ward.

Fig.6-8

164
 Cab - Electrical system

Operation 3

Cleaning the air conditioning con-

denser. Fig. 6-9

Remove the rear panel from the cab roof to get to the air
conditioning condenser (1).

- Clean the condenser surface with and air jet directed

from the inside to the outside.

- Also check that the surfaces you clean are not war-
ped. In this case the damage must be repaired. Fig.6-9
Proceed in inverse order to remount.

Operation 4 6
Window washer liquid reservoir
Fig. 6-10
Check the window washer liquid level (1) at regular inter-
vals. Fill it up if required.

Fig.6-10

165
Cab - Electrical system

CAB
AFTER EVERY 1000 HOURS SERVI-
CE OR ONCE A YEAR

Operation 5

Cab air filter Fig. 6-11a/b

Remove the cover (1-Fig.6-11a) (Operation 1) and replace
the filter cartridge inside (1-Fig.6-11b).

NOTE: The filters must be replaced every time the

air conditioning system is serviced. In such occasions,
check the oil level in the compressor.

IMPORTANT: Respiratory protection equipment and

protective clothing appropriate to the environment that Fig.6-11a
the filter has been in contact with MUST be used during
the cleaning of the filters.

IMPORTANT: The old element MUST be put into a

sealed container and disposed of in accordance with
local regulations. Be responsible for the environment.

NOTE: Replace the element(s) with genuine parts.

Fig.6-11b

Operation 6

Compressor Fig. 6-12

Have the air conditioning system operation checked. Also

check the lubricating oil level in the compressor (1).

Fig.6-12

166

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Battery Fig.6-13
Your tractor is equipped with a maintenance free battery.
Keep the battery clean and dry, particularly on top.
Check the electrolyte level: it should just touch the upper
mark and never be under the bottom mark.
If necessary, open the covers (1) and add distilled water.
WARNING: NEVER top up with SULFURIC
ACID.
WARNING:
Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories
contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals
known to the State of California to cause cancer
and reproductive harm. Wash your hands after
handling these parts.
Check the charge condition with a voltmeter. Do not use
quick battery chargers to recharge the batteries.
NOTE: if the battery must be topped up frequently or
tends to discharge, have the electrical system of your
tractor checked by your area Dealer’s specialised per-
sonnel.
WARNING: Remember to disconnect the wires
before you recharge the battery. It is advisable
to remove the battery from its housing and to
recharge it well away from the tractor.
WARNING:The place in which the battery is
recharged must be well ventilated. Do not
smoke or produce sparks whilst the battery
is being recharged.
NOTE: See the Maintenance section of this manual for a
description of battery replacement procedure.
CAUTION: Dispose correctly of batteries, piles and
accumulators to places and containers provided for
separate waste collection according to local rules. DO
NOT dispose of them in the environment.
Maintenance
Fig.6-13 Battery (3)
Recommendations
The following rules must be respected to preserve an
efficient battery:
- Keep the battery clean and dry, particularly on top.
- If the battery acid must be topped up, use distilled
water only,
- Make sure that the cable terminal nuts are well fixed
to the battery terminals.
- Always use a wrench and not pliers to tighten and
loosen the terminal nuts.
- Smear terminals with petroleum jelly (not grease) to
protect them from oxidation.
- Never let the battery run completely down. If possi-
ble, recharge monthly.
5
WARNING: Battery electrolyte contains sul-
furic acid and can cause serious burns. The
following good practices are therefore re-
commended.
- Wear leather heavy-duty gloves and protective clo-
thes. In case of contact with the skin, wash with plenty
of water.
- Batteries release flammable gases that can cause an
explosion.
- DO NOT go near the battery with naked flames or
cigarettes.
- In case of contact with the eyes, first flush with water,
then seek medical help.
- Keep batteries well out of children’s reach.
- It contains lead: NEVER dispose of batteries in ge-
neral waste.
- Deliver and dispose of exhausted batteries only in
suitable containers provided to this purpose at autho-
rized centres, according to local rules.
167
Maintenance
Starter motor
The starter motor should be thoroughly cleaned after
periods of 1000 hours or at least once a year. Parti-
cularly check the condition of the brushes and collector.
Alternator
The alternator keeps the battery fully charged.
The alternator is a brushless model and requires no special
maintenance. However, the following precautions must
be observed.
1 - When fitting a battery, make sure that the positive
and negative terminals are connected to the same
leads as the alternator. If the battery terminals are
inverted, you will short circuit the battery through
the alternator diodes.
2 - When connecting the battery to a charger, make
sure that the positive (+) lead of the charger is
connected to the positive of the battery and the
negative (-) to the negative. Incorrect connection
will damage the diodes and the other circuit
components.
3 - Never run the alternator unless it is properly
connected.
If the battery is not connected, high voltages can
build up inside the alternator that can be extremely
dangerous if the output terminal is touched.
Make sure that all connections are firm and tight
before carrying out any inspections or tests on the
electrical system.
4 - Never short circuit or earth any of the alternator
terminals. This could damage the electrical system.
5 - Never invert the alternator connections. The battery
and alternator earths must be of the same sign or
the alternator diodes will be damaged.
6 - Always disconnect both alternator terminals before
undertaking any electric arc welding on the tractor.
A B
Fig.6-14
168
Electrical system - Warnings
It is absolutely forbidden to make changes or connections
to the data interconnecting lines between control
units (CAN-BUS lines). They are to be considered as
INVIOLABLE. All diagnostic and maintenance operations
may only be carried out by authorized technicians, with
specific appliances approved by Landini.
Use only fuses with the rated capacity for their specific
function. Do not ever use fuses with higher rated capacity.
Replace a blown fuse only after correcting the relative
malfunction and turn off any keys and users before
replacing.
Please keep in mind that electrical systems made by
unqualified persons might severely damage the systems
on board the tractor (control units, harnesses, sensors
etc.), and jeopardize the riding safety and good operation
of the tractor. Such damages ARE NOT COVERED BY OUR
CONTRACT WARRANTY.
Never disconnect control unit and sensor connectors
while the engine is running and the control units are
powered.
Negative conductors connected to a grounding point
of the system must be as short as possible and star
connected with each other.
As a principle, the grounding connections of the tractor
may not be changed.
If the creation of further grounding points is required, the
holes already provided on the frame must be used, taking
care of the following
- remove lacquer from the frame
- use a suitable highly conductive lacquer between frame
and cable terminal
- connect the ground within 5 minutes from lacquer
application
THE POINTS PROVIDED FOR ENGINE CONNECTION
TO GROUND MUST BE ABSOLUTELY AVOIDED FOR
GROUND CONNECTIONS - Fig.6-14
1 - Ground connection; A. Efficient grounding point;
B. Not efficient grounding point;
2 - Cable fastening: A. Screw; B. Cable terminal; C.
Washer; D. Nut
3 - Correctly grounded cable.
 Maintenance

Headlights
As you can use your tractor on public roads, the lighting
must comply with the applicable traffic and road regu-
lations. Periodically check headlight alignment in the
following way:

Checking headlight alignment (Fig. 6-16).

- Halt the tractor on level ground facing a shaded wall

(preferably white). The tractor must be unloaded and
the tyres correctly inflated. Mark two crosses on the
wall in front of the tractor headlights (Fig. 6-16).

- Reverse the tractor 5 meters (16.4 ft) away from the

wall.

- Switch on the main beam. The center of each beam

must be vertically aligned with the crosses on the
wall. A maximum outward divergence of 130 mm (5 Fig.6-15- Headlight alignment adjusters.
in) is acceptable.

- Switch on the dipped beam. The line separating the

lighted area from the dark area must fall below the
crosses and must be separated from their centers by
at least 1/20th of the height of the crosses from the
ground.

- Adjust the headlight alignment screws to correct

alignment as necessary (Fig. 6-15).

Fig.6-16 - Checking headlight alignment.

169
Maintenance

How to replace the headlight bulbs

Fig.6-17

1 - Remove the connector (2).

2 - Remove the rubber guard (1).
3 - Slacken off the retention spring (4).
4 - Remove the defective bulb (1).
5 - Fit in a new bulb. Remember not to hold the bulb in
your hand. Use a cloth to handle the bulb whilst it is
being fitted.
6 - Fit the parts back in place by proceeding through the
instructions in reverse order.

Fig.6-17

How to replace the bulbs in the rear

side lights and hazard lights
Fig.6-18

1 - Unscrew the screws (1) and remove the glass cover.

2 - Press down the bulb and turn it in the anti-clockwise
direction.
3 - Replace the faulty bulb.

Fig.6-18

How to replace the bulbs in the

front side lights and hazard lights
Fig.6-19

1 - Unscrew the screws (1) and remove the glass cover.

2 - Replace the faulty bulb.
Ref.2- Intermittent turn indicator light
Ref.3- Side light
To replace the faulty bulb, press it down and turn it
in the anti-clockwise direction.

Fig.6-19

170
 Maintenance

FUSES AND RELAYS

The tractor’s electrical system is protected by fuses

against short circuits and excessive power draw. The
number of the fuses in the electrical system depends
on the tractor model.

The fuses are installed in two fuse-boxes:

A - Main relay and fuse box (Fig. 6-21) on the left-hand
side of the dashboard.
B - Front fuse box (Fig. 6-20).

NOTE: Before replacing a blown fuse with a new,

equivalent one, the cause that led to the fault should be
ascertained and removed.

Fuses

The fuses installed in the front fuse box are valid for all
models (Fig. 6-20).

FUSES CIRCUITS PROTECTED Amp.

Fuse box B - Fig.6-20

FL1
FL2
50 Amp fuse for glow plugs
Alternator
50
70 5
FL3 Primary 50
FL4 Primary 50

Fig.6-20 - Front fuse box (B).

171
Maintenance

FUSES AND RELAYS - Cab and

Platform

Fuses and relays in the main fuse box (Fig.6-21) on the

left side of dashboard.

FUSES Fig.6-21
FUSES CIRCUITS PROTECTED Amp.
FA 1 Direct, starter motor 20
FA 2 Direct, ignition key. 5
FA 3 Electronic power lift, key-operated 7,5
FA 4 Electronic power lift from D + alternator 7,5
FA 5 Key-operated dipped beams 10
FA 6 Key-operated driving beams 15
FA 7 Differential lock disengaging and brake
light, key operated 15
FA 8 E.V. key operated and B.D. control 5
FA 9 Brake lights, key operated 10
FA10 Injection pump, key operated 7.5
FA11 Four-wheel drive, key operated 5
FA12 Parking brake engaged and trailer
brake E.V., key operated 5
FA 13 Pneumatic seat, key operated 7.5
FA14 Turn indicators, key operated 15
FA 15 Hazard light control, direct 15
FA 16 Light switch (7-pole socket positions) 7.5

FUSES CIRCUITS PROTECTED Amp.

FB 1 Light switch (7-pole socket positions,

licence plate) 7.5
FB 2 Side lights. direct 7.5
FB 3 Horn, direct 7.5
FB 4 NAO card, key operated 7.5
FB 5 Rotating beacon, direct 7.5
FB 6 Trailer brake solenoid valve 5
FB 7 Auxiliary socket, direct 15 Fig.6-21 - Main relay and fuse box
FB 8 Auxiliary socket, key operated 25 F = Fuses
FB 9 Digitek instrument, key operated 5 K = Relay
FB10 Digitek instrument, direct 5
FB11 Flow selector, key operated 5
FB12 Platform field light, front & rear beams
on cab, key operated 7.5
FB13 Cab relays, key operated 5
FB14 Night lights 5

RELAYS Fig. 6-21 e Fig.6-21b

KA1 Key operated relay for head beams, diff lock,
brake lights, injection, max. 30A
KA2 Key op. relay for sidelights and turn indicators, max.30A
KA3 Key op. relay for sidelights and turn indicators, max.30A
KA4 Lever op. relay, light switch, dipped beams, max. 30A
KA5 Lever op. relay, light switch, head beams, max. 30A
KB1 Differential lock relay, max. 30A
KB2 Differential lock relay, disengagement, max. 30A
KB3 Key operated relay, PTO indicator on, max. 30A
KB4 Starter motor enabling relay, max 30A
KB5 Disengagement relay, trailer brake solenoid valve,
max. 30A

KD1 Engagement relay for 4WD during braking, max. 30A

KD4 Gearshift lever safety relay, max. 30A
Fig.6-21b - Power relay for glow plugs
K11 Glow plug relay, in engine compart., max. 50A
(1- Fig.6-21b)

172
 Maintenance

Relays for auxiliary control valves,

under the rh covering

The relays for the enabling electric circuit to the electric

auxiliary control valves are installed under the covering of
the right-hand console (Fig.6-22).

KD2 Retention relays for auxiliary control valve

priming, max. 30A
KD3 Relay for auxiliary control valve quenching,
max. 30A

Fig.6-22

173
Maintenance

7-pole power socket for trailer

A 7-pole power socket is installed on the rear of the

tractor (1 - Fig. 6-24). This socket is used to connect the
light circuits of the trailer.

Connections (Fig.6-23)
1. Lh turn indicator; 2. Not used; 3. Earth; 4. Rh turn
indicator; 5. Rh rear side light; 6. Brake lights; 7. Lh rear
side light.

Fig.6-24

Fig.6-23 Connections and correspondances for

7-pole power socket according to ISO-SAE
standards.

Auxiliary power socket12V

(2-Fig. 6-24)

Connections (Fig.6-25)
1- Key-operated positive - Max. load 5A
2- Negative
3- Direct battery positive - Max. load 25A

Fig.6-25

174
 Maintenance

Long idle periods

Take the following precautionary measures when your

tractor is not going to be used for a long period of time.
CAUTION: At the end of the idle period, when
- Park the tractor in a dry, sheltered place.
you start the engine again, pay particular at-
tention to the instructions about starting the
- Drain the coolant from the radiator and engine.
engine in the Operation chapter.
- Grease all points provided with grease nipples.

- Clean the fuel filter.

- Remove the injectors and squirt a small quantity of

engine oil into the cylinders. Turn the engine over by
hand, then fit the injectors back in place.

- Generally clean the tractor, particularly the bodywork

components. Protect the painted parts by applying
silicone wax and the unpainted metal parts by ap-
plying protective lubricant. Park the tractor in a dry,
sheltered and possibly ventilated place.

- Make sure that all controls are in neutral (including

the electric switches and parking brake controls).

- Remove the ignition key from the ignition switch.

- Make sure that the cylinder stems (of the power

steering, power lift systems, etc.) are positioned.

- Empty the fuel tank and fill it with new diesel fuel
until the maximum level is reached.

- Remove the battery, clean the cover and spread

Vaseline on the terminals and terminal caps. Now
connect the battery in a ventilated place where the 5
temperature is not liable to drop below 10°C and
where it is not exposed to direct sunlight.

- Check the battery charge with a voltmeter as descri-

bed in the battery part of this section. Recharge if it
is necessary.

- Place stands or other supports under the axles in

order to take the weight off the wheels. When the
tractor is raised in this way, it is advisable to deflate
the tyres. If this is not possible, the tyre pressure
must be periodically checked.

- Cover the tractor with a tarpaulin (not plastic or

waterproof).

175
Maintenance

Page left intentionally blank.

176
 Technical specifications

Chapter 7
Technical specifications 7

ARGO TRACTORS constantly updates its range of products and

therefore reserves the right to undertake modifications, if appro-
priate ad necessary, without prior notice.
All data and information contained in this publication could be
subject to changes.
Dimensions and weights are only approximate values and the
equipment shown by the pictures could not correspond to stan-
dard models.
Precise data and information about models and equipment are
available at your ARGO TRACTORS Dealer.

177
Technical specifications

Fig. 7-1a - Platform

General specifications 90V

2RM 4RM

With tyres
– Front 5.00-15 6.50R16
– Rear 11.2 R 28

Weights

In running order, with full fuel tank, without ballast, with safety
frame.......................................................................kg 2500 2650

Dimensions

A- Height at safety frame ................................... mm 2290

B- Wheelbase...................................................... mm 2100 2130
C- Max. length without front ballast
and links.......................................................... mm 3790
D- Ground clearance (drawbar) . ......................... mm 250
E - Front track....................................................... mm See
F - Rear track........................................................ mm track
G- Minimum width............................................... mm tables

178
 Technical specifications

Fig.7-1b Platform

General specifications 90FN

4RM

With tyres
– Front 280/70 R 16
– Rear 13.6 R 24

Weights

In running order, with full fuel tank, without ballast, with safety
frame.......................................................................kg 2650

7
Dimensions

A- Height at safety frame..................................... mm 2480

B- Wheelbase...................................................... mm 2130
C- Max. length without front ballast
and links.......................................................... mm 3790
D- Ground clearance (drawbar) . ......................... mm 250
E - Front track....................................................... mm See
F - Rear track........................................................ mm
track
G- Minimum width............................................... mm
tables

179
Technical specifications

Fig.7-1c Cab

General specifications 90V

2RM 4RM

With tyres
– Front 5.00-15 6.50R16
– Rear 11.2 R 28

Weights

In running order, with full fuel tank, without ballast, with cab
. ..........................................................................kg 2800 2950

Dimensions

A- Height at cab .................................................. mm 2260

B- Wheelbase...................................................... mm 2100 2130
C- Max. length without front ballast
and links.......................................................... mm 3790
D- Ground clearance (drawbar) . ......................... mm 250
E - Front track....................................................... mm See
F - Rear track........................................................ mm
track
G- Minimum width............................................... mm
tables

180
 Technical specifications

Fig.7-1d Cab

General specifications 90FN

4RM

With tyres
– Front 280/70 R 16
– Rear 13.6 R 24

Weights

In running order, with full fuel tank, without ballast, with cab
kg 2950

7
Dimensions

A- Height at cab .................................................. mm 2480

B- Wheelbase...................................................... mm 2130
C- Max. length without front ballast
and links.......................................................... mm 3790
D- Ground clearance (drawbar) . ......................... mm
250
E - Front track....................................................... mm
F - Rear track........................................................ mm See
G- Minimum width............................................... mm track
tables

181
Technical specifications

Engine 90 V-FN
Type Perkins Diesel, 4 stroke
direct injection

Model 1104D-44T
Fuel supply Turbo
Number of cylinders 4
Bore mm 105
Stroke mm 127
Displacement litres 4.4

Max. power rating HP/kW 83 / 61

Max. rated speed RPM 2200
Max. torque rating Nm 345
Max. torque speed RPM 1400
Idling speed RPM 750

Timing system

Type Overhead valves, controlled by rocker arms

Fuel system

Injection pump rotary

Filter on injection pump delivery replaceable cartridge

Firing order 1-3-4-2

Cold starting device Thermostarter

Air filter dry type, with two extractable elements for servi-
ce

Engine lubrication Cooling

Pump driven forced lubrication.
Water cooling, forced circulation by centrifugal pump.
Oil filtration by:
– Gauze filter at pump intake. Vertical tube type radiator.
– Replaceable cartridge filter on engine delivery
line.
Thermostat control for water circulation.
Oil pressure with engine at rated power speed: 3.5/4.2
bar. Normal temperature: 77°/ 85° C.

Anti-freeze needed for very low temperatures (see

Engine starting “Maintenance” chapter).
Thermostarter device for starting at low temperatures.

182
 Technical specifications

CAUTION: The technical specifications given here
are only of a general kind. For technical specifica-
tions of each market, please refer to the information
material supplied by your Dealer.
Transmission
Clutch
Rear final drive and bevel gear pair ratios
- All models
Bevel gear pair........................................................4.888
Final drive reduction ratio ......................................5.077
Total reduction rate...............................................24.820

Two dry single-plate clutches, in one unit with separate

controls. Differential lock
A control hand lever disengages the PTO clutch and a
pedal disengages the gearbox clutch. Rear differential lock with electro-hydraulic control and
hydraulic engagement.
Sizes and materials:
In all models, the diff lock is disengaged by means of
- On request........................................... 11” (279.4 mm) the brake pedals.

– PTO clutch plate............................................ organic Front and rear differential locking takes place at the
– Gearbox clutch plate:.............................cerametallix same time by means of the Twin-Lock system in four-
wheel drive tractors.

- On request........................................... 12” (304,8 mm)

– PTO clutch plate: . ......................................... organic
– Gearbox clutch plate:............................. cerametallix

Gearbox

4WD tractors - 40 Kph

Reverse shuttle+Overdrive: 24 FWD + 12 REV
Reverse shuttle+Overdrive+Creeper: 32 FWD + 16 REV

2WD tractors - 30 Kph

Reverse shuttle+Underdrive: 24 FWD + 12 REV
Reverse shuttle+Underdrive+Creeper: 32 FWD + 16 REV

2WD-4WD tractors - 30 Kph

Reverse shuttle: 12FW + 12REV

NOTE: When the overdrive is installed, it is obligatory

in some countries to mount integral braking on 4 wheels
since the tractor can reach a max. speed of 40 kph (25
mph).
7

183
Technical specifications
Power take-off
Power take off with mechanical engagement
PTO engaged and disengaged by means of a hand lever
on the front instrument panel.
Engagement through a dry disc clutch.
Standard type in compliance with A.S.A.E standards on
the rear part of the tractor.
Rated diameter of shaft: 34.9 mm (1 3/8”).
Number of splines: 6.
Spinning direction: clockwise, viewed from rear.
Power assisted hydraulic control.
Operation: independent and synchronized with the
gearbox.
Rotation speeds with independent operation:
– 540 rpm with a 1944 rpm engine rate
Mercato NAO solo PdF 540 giri/min.
– 540E rpm with a 1375 rpm engine rate, on request
– 1000 rpm with a 1916 rpm engine rate
Rotation speed with synchronized operation (PTO shaft
revolutions per rear wheel turn):
PTO PTO shaft revolutions
type All models
540* 8.274
540E 11.549
1000 15.540
* NAO market only 540 RPM PTO
Direct power take-off
Installed at the rear part of the tractor, above the PTO
shaft.
Rated diameter of the shaft: 34.9 mm (1 3/8”).
Number of splines: 6.
Spinning direction: clockwise (viewed from the rear).
Same rotation speed as the engine.
Engaged by means of the power take-off lever.
184
Brakes
Rear brakes
Multidisc oil cooled brakes on rear differential half
shafts.
Number of discs per braking unit:............. 6 (3 each side)
Friction material ....................................... resin-graphite.
Hydrostatic braking control by means of two pedals
on the operator’s right: the two pedals can be coupled
together by a locking device to provide simultaneous
braking action on both sides.
Parking brake controlled by an independent hand lever
and linkages acting directly on main brakes.
Front brakes (wide 4WD axle only)
FN
Multidisc oil cooled brakes on rear differential half
shafts.
Number of discs per braking unit:
4 discs for all models (2 each side);
Friction material ...................................... resin-graphite.
Hydrostatic braking control by means of two pedals on
the operator’s right: the two pedals must be coupled
together by a locking device to provide simultaneous
braking action on front wheels.
4WD Assisted Stops (narrow 4WD axle only)
FN
4WD will engage whenever both brake pedals are applied
together, no matter what position the 4WD switch is in
giving 4 wheel braking.
When both brake pedals are applied together the 4WD
indicator lamp on the instrument cluster will illuminate.

2 WD front axle
(If available, according to market)
Boxed front axle turning around the central pivot.
Track adjusted by telescopic sliding at the axle ends.
Max. turning angle ......................................................60°
Turning radius for 2WD tractors, with 60° max. turnign
angle:
. kes - without Hydrolock
without using brakes............................................... 3.2 m
using the brakes...................................................... 2.8 m
If bigger tyres are used (6.50-16 or 7.50-16) the ma-
ximum turnign radius is reduced and the minimum
turning radius is, e.g. for 4WD : 3.0m without brakes,
2.8m with brakes.
Track adjustment
Consult the “Operation” section when adjusting track
widths for the 2WD and 4WD front axle and rear axle.
Technical specifications
4WD front axle
In spheroidal cast iron, pivoting at the centre within two
supports
Electro-hydraulic control to engage 2-wheel drive.
Transmission shaft running along the tractor’s longitudinal
axis, with no universal joints.
Transmission via central differential and epicyclic final
drives in wheel hubs.
Mod. V 4WD front axle - Narrow, without bra-
Maximum steering angle............................................. 50°
Reduction ratio of bevel gear pair:...............13/41=3.153
Reduction ratio of epicyclic final drives:................... 1:4.6
Total reduction ratio:...............................................14.504
Mod. FN 4WD front axle- Wide with brakes -
with Hydrolock
Maximum steering angle............................................. 55°
Differential lock with mechanical engagement and electro-
hydraulic control “HYDRALOCK”.
Diff lock is engaged simultaneously with rear diff lock.
The diff lock is disengaged by means of the brake pedals.
Front axle available with oil-cooled front brakes.
Multidisc oil-cooled front brakes mounted on request on
front differential transaxle: 4 discs (2 on each transaxle).
Reduction ratio of bevel gear pair:.................12/39=3.25
Reduction ratio of epicyclic final drives:................... 1:4.6
Total reduction ratio:.................................................14.95
Front and Rear Axle ratio
Narrow front axle - V
- without Creeper, with 31/29 transmission...........1.6005
- with Creeper, with 32/30 transmission................1.6039
Wide front axle - FN
- without Creeper, with 32/29 transmission...........1.5046
7
- with Creeper, with 33/30 transmission................1.5093
185
Technical specifications

Power steering Electronically controlled power lift

- Landtronic
Power steering system controlled by the steering wheel
with independent hydraulic circuit. Double-acting con- Draft control, position control, “Intermix” combined
trol cylinder mounted on the axle assembly. draft and position control, and float mode.

Pressure limiting valve setting: Monitoring system............................................Electronic

– for 2WD axle .....................................120 bar (1740 psi)
– for 4WD axle......................................120 bar (1740 psi) Type of control.......................................Electro-hydraulic

Mechanical power lift Electronic plant, sensors

and electro-distributor...........................................BOSCH
Draft control, position control, “Intermix” (combined
draft and position contro) and float mode. Draft control by means of sensors mounted on the
Two independent control levers; sensitivity regulation. lower link of the three-point linkage.
Open center hydraulic circuit with gear pump operated
by the gears of the timing system, gauze filter on the Operating voltage rating........................................12 Volt
pump intake.
– Pressure limiting valve setting..........................170 bar.
– Pressure limiting valve setting.........170 bar (2465 psi)
– Max. lifting capacity at ends of articulated rods in
– Max. lifting capacity at ends of articulated rods in horizontal position:..........................................2600 kg.
horizontal position.................................................2600 kg

186

Hydraulic system - Double pump
Two-stage hydraulic gear pump powered directly by the
gears of the timing system with filter on the intake.
The two pump stages supply:
1st stage: flow rate 29.9 l/min at 2200 RPM engine rate.
20 micron paper filter on delivery line.
It supplies: - The power steering circuit, max. operating
pressure 150 +/- 5 bar
- 17-18 bar low-pressure circuit including
4WD and diff lock.
. .
- The oil cooling circuit, max. pressure 5 bar
- The transmission lubrication circuit, max.
pressure 1.5 bar
2nd stage: flow rate 52.3 l/min at 2200 RPM engine
rate.
It supplies: - The hydraulic trailer brake, max. operating
pressure 130 +/- 10 bar (on request).
- The auxiliary control valves, max. operating
pressure 180 +/- 5 bar
- The hydraulic power lift, max. operating
pressure 180 +/- 5 bar
Technical specifications
Hydraulic system - Triple pump
Three-stage hydraulic gear pump powered directly by
the gears of the timing system with filter on the intake.
The three pump stages supply:
1st stage: flow rate 29 l/min at 2200 RPM engine rate.
20 micron paper filter on delivery line.
It supplies: - The power steering circuit, max. operating
pressure 150 +/- 5 bar
- 17-18 bar low-pressure circuit including
4WD and diff lock.
- The oil cooling circuit, max. pressure 5 bar
- The transmission lubrication circuit, max.
pressure 1.5 bar
2nd stage: flow rate 40 l/min at 2200 RPM engine rate.
It supplies: - The hydraulic trailer brake, max. operating
pressure 130 +/- 10 bar (on request).
- The auxiliary control valves, max. operating
pressure 180 +/- 5 bar
- The hydraulic power lift, max. operating
pressure 180 +/- 5 bar
3rd stage: flow rate 29 l/min at 2200 RPM engine rate.
It supplies: - The side auxiliary control valves, max. op-
erating pressure 180 +/- 5 bar
Mechanical version: 1 side standard control
valve.
Electronic version: 1 side control valve for
hydraulic motor with flow divider, 1 control
valve for solenoid valve.
187
Technical specifications

Auxiliary control valves Three-point linkage

Open-centre auxiliary control valves with quick ‘Push-Pull’
attachments.
The maximum number of control valves that can be
mounted depends on the tractor version.
- 3 rear control valves: hydraulic motor, floating, stand-
ard, with double pump, without side outlets, mechanical
stabilizers, with mechanical power lift and mechanical rh
vertical rod.
- 3 rear control valves: hydraulic motor, floating, stand-
ard, with double pump, without side outlets, mechanical
stabilizers, with mechanical power lift and hydraulic rh
vertical rod.
- 4 rear control valves: hydraulic motor, floating, standard,
electric, with triple pump, with 4 side outlets, hydraulic
stabilizers, with mechanical power lift and hydraulic rh
vertical rod.
- 4 rear control valves: hydraulic motor, floating, standard,
electric, with triple pump, with 4 side outlets, hydraulic
stabilizers, with electronic power lift and hydraulic rh
vertical rod.
- 4 rear control valves: hydraulic motor, floating, stand-
ard, electric, with triple pump, with 4 side outlets plus 2
for hydraulic motor, hydraulic stabilizers, with electronic
power lift and hydraulic rh vertical rod.
Standard three-point linkage
Vineyard Class 1N three-point linkage, with lateral stabi-
lizers to limit implement side swing.
Right hand vertical rod with adjuster crank or, on re-
quest, with hydraulic jack.
Left hand vertical rod with adjuster crank and two-
position top end: fixed and sliding. Lower links with
interchangeable ball ends, Class 1 and 2.
Three-point linkage with hydraulic adjustments
On request, three-point linkage Class 1 - 2N with hy-
draulic adjustment: vertical rod with hydraulic adjuster
ram, rh and lh lower links with hydraulic adjuster rams.
Quick hitches of the three-point linkage, automatic type
with interchangeable Class 1 and 2 ball ends.
The control valves for three-point linkage adjustment are
supplied by the additional hydraulic pump.

- Flow divider available on request

Max working Pressure .........................................180 bar

188
 Technical specifications

Towing attachments Cab

Front tow hook (optional). Cab tested for compliance to OECD international stan-
dards.
Tow hooks for tractors with three-point linkage and me- Noise level complies to CE standards.
chanical stabilizers:
- Class C tow hook, height adjustable (only Italy and
non-EEC countries).
Safety frame
- Class D2 tow hook, height adjustable for tractors with
hydraulically braked trailer (Italy and non-EEC countries). Safety frame approved to OECD international stan-
- EEC swinging towbar (Italy excluded). dards.
- EEC manual turning tow hook, height adjustable (Italy
excluded). Seat
Tow hooks for tractors with three-point linkage and hy- Padded, with adjustable suspension.
draulic stabilizers: The suspension, height and distance from controls can
- Class C sliding tow hook (Italy and non-EEC countries). also be adjusted.
- Class D2 sliding tow hook, height adjustable for trac-
tors with hydraulically braked trailer (Italy and non-EEC
countries).
- EEC swinging towbar (Italy excluded).
Bonnet
- EEC sliding manual turning tow hook, height adjust-
Robust single piece pressed sheet bonnet. It can be
able (Italy excluded).
easily opened for full access to the battery, air filter and
- EEC sliding manual turning tow hook, with swinging
engine components.
drawbar (Italy excluded).

189
Technical specifications

Electrical system Fuses

Voltage rating: 12 V negative earth. For information about the fuses protecting the electri-
cal system, see description in the “Electrical system”
section.
Alternator

Type ..................................................................85 Amp/h

Max. power at 2200 rpm engine rate..................... 500 W

Built-in automatic voltage regulator in the alternator.

Remote charge indicator.

Starter motor

Continuous power.................................................. 2.5 kW

Automatic pinion engagement by electromagnet.

Battery

“Maintenance Free” type. Complies with SAE J537 stan-

dards.

Technical specifications:
– Capacity................................................................ 95 Ah

190
 Technical specifications

Optional extras

- Up to four open center auxiliary control valves with

hydraulic hoses and “Push-Pull” couplings. Available
in various versions.

- Hydraulic trailer braking system available in two ver-

sions: one version for the Italian market and the other
for the Export market.

- Pneumatic trailer braking system.

- Hydraulic two-speed power take-off, 540/ 540ECO

RPM, as an alternative to the 1000 RPM PTO.

- PTO proportional to the ground speed of the tractor

to operate self-propelled trailers (on request and
depending on the market).

– Three-point linkage with hydraulic adjustments.

– Three-point linkage with quick couplings at the

ends.

– Front axle weights: 4 cast iron plates weighing 36

Kg (79 lbs) each for a total 144 Kg (316 lbs).

– on request double dry clutch 12” (304.8 mm)

- Three-point linkage with hydraulic RH levelling ram

and hydraulic top link.

191
Technical specifications

Noise levels as perceived by the operator

THE FOLLOWING TABLES GIVE THE NOISE LEVEL VALUES, MEASURED FROM THE DRIVER’S SEAT
IN INSTANTANEOUS CONDITIONS IN COMPLIANCE WITH STANDARDS EEC 77/311 (DBA) - ANNEX
II (WITHOUT LOAD) - AND WHEN DRIVING IN COMPLIANCE WITH STANDARD EEC 74/151 (DBA).

Tractors with safety frame

Test report Noise level at Noise level at
Model
numbers driver’s seat driving by
2WD/4WD
EEC 2003/37 EEC 77/311 - EEC 74/151
dBA dBA

Mod. 90V-FN - 86 88

NOTE: Data supplied by the manufacturer, approval values pending.

TRACTORS WITH CAB

Test report Noise level at driver’s seat Noise level at
Model
numbers EEC 77/311 - dBA driving by
EEC 2003/37 Open windows + EEC 74/151
Closed doors
rear doors dBA

Mod 90V-FN “ 84 86 88

NOTE: Data supplied by the manufacturer, approval values pending.

192
 Technical specifications

INFORMATION PAGE ON VIBRATION LEVELS OF THE TRACTOR

EXPOSITION TO VIBRATIONS

WARNING: The vibration level transmitted to IMPORTANT: More information on Whole Body Vibra-
the body as a whole depend on different para- tion (WBV) on agricultural tractors can be found in more
meters, some of them relating to the machine, specific publications and the relative risks can be taken
others to the terrain and many specific for into account following the laws of the country. In order
the operator. The prevailing parameters are to correctly estimate statistical values based on your
the type of terrain or work surface and the daily work on the tractor, a specific measure instrument
ground speed. is required, such a three-axis accelerometer applied to
the seat.
WARNING:
- Vibrations cause discomfort for the opera- NOTE: Visit the dedicated Internet web sites for further
tor and in some cases put his/her health and information and documentation on risks of whole body
safety at risk. vibration.
- Make sure that the tractor is in good condi-
tion and that all routine servicing is correctly
and regularly carried out.
- Check tyre pressure and the steering and
braking systems.
- Check that the operator’s seat and adjustment
systems are in good condition, then adjust the
seat to the operator’s weight and size.

In accordance to EU Directive 78/764/EC the following table shows vibration levels measured on seats, in aws.

Seat type Vibrations * m/s2 at the (applied test weights)

Light-weight operator Heavy-weight operator

SC84-M91 aws* = 1,13 m/s2 aws* = 0,75 m/s2

(Mechanical)

SC84-M91A aws* = 1,05m/s2 aws* = 0,91 m/s2

(Air suspension)

SC74M91 aws* = 1,13m/s2 aws* = 0,75 m/s2

(Mechanical)
7
* aws = correct weighted value of the vibration acceleration (m/s2)

193
Technical specifications

‘CE’ DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY

“ Every tractor is accompanied by a CE Declaration of Conformity to Directive 2006/42/EC that you should receive in
original together with the tractor.
This Declaration indicates with which European Directive the machine complies”.

The following picture is a fac-simile copy of such CE Declaration of Conformity.

Argo Tractors S.p.A.

42042 Fabbrico [RE] Italia
via G. Matteotti, 7
E
t. +39.0522.656111
IL

f. +39.0522.656476
IM

webmaster@argotractors.com
www.argotractors.com
S
C
FA

194
 Technical specifications

Issue of authorization
To install any type of mounted or semi-mounted equipment not provided for by road traffic laws, it is mandatory to
request the express written authorization of the vehicle manufacturer.
We insist at any rate on our recommendation to mount always exclusively CE marked equipment complying with the
Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC.

Weights

Maximum weight declared by the manufacturer for road circulation

IMPORTANT: DO NOT exceed the maximum load capacity of the tyres on your tractor. See Loads and Inflation Pressures
recommended by tyre manufacturers.

IMPORTANT: DO NOT exceed the local legal limitations of the axle loads and the total weight on the road.

Maximum permitted tractor operating weight

The MAXIMUM PERMITTED TRACTOR OPERATING WEIGHT includes the tractor, tractor equipment and ballast.

The MAXIMUM PERMITTED AXLE OPERATING WEIGHT includes the tractor, tractor equipment, ballast and three-point
hitch mounted equipment.

Model Front kg Rear kg Total kg

90 V-FN 2WD 1200 3000 4200

90 V-FN 4WD 2100 3000 5100

7
IT IS RECOMMENDED to use the tractor always with a load on front axle over 25% or not under 55% of the total weight.

NOTE: Data supplied by the manufacturer, approval values pending.

195
Technical specifications

LUBRICANTS AND FUELS

Q.ty liters
SYSTEM 90 SPECIFICATI- AMBIENT TEM- AGROLUBE TECHNICAL DATA
V-FN ONS PERATURE

AGROLUBE MUREX Concentrated antifreeze fluid to be Degrees °C -8° -15° -25° -35°
COOLING SYSTEM 15,5 used in the following percentages:
Specifications: GM 1899M (1970); FORD ESE-M97B % 20 30 40 50

FUEL 45 Viscosity at Viscosity at

TANK 40°C, cSt 100°C, cSt

ENGINE WITH 7,7 ACEA E7/E5/

E3/B3 ANY SOLEA 102 14
OIL FILTER TEMPERATURE LD 15W40
API CH-4/SL

GEARBOX WITH MECH. API GL - 4

REVERSE SHUTTLE, U.T.T.O
35 FORD M2C-86C ANY
POWER LIFT SYSTEM AND VELA/B 86 10,7
STEERING SYSTEM ALLISON C-4 TEMPERATURE
(1) LANDINI I-ENG-
D-302
MOD: FN
DIFFERENTIAL HOUSING API GL - 5
3,5 ZF TE-ML ANY CARINA LS 90 174 16,8
FRONT AXLE WITH TEMPERATURE
BRAKE PLATES -Wide Axle 05C,12C,16E
Wide (1)
MOD: V
DIFFERENTIAL HOUSING API GL - 5
FRONT AXLE WITHOUT 3,5 MF1134M ANY CARINA 80W-90 174
TEMPERATURE 16,8
BRAKE PLATES - Narrow FORDM2C 108C
Axle MIL-L-2105 D

REAR FINAL DRIVES 3,6 API GL - 5

MF1134M ANY 174
TEMPERATURE CARINA 80W-90 16,8
FRONT FINAL DRIVES
FORDM2C 108C
0,7 MIL-L-2105 D
BRAKE LANDINI ANY AZA
1,0 22,5 5,6
CIRCUIT S/ENG/I 102 TEMPERATURE RED (2)

— — ANY GENA GREASE — —

GREASING NIPPLES TEMPERATURE EP

Alternative products must have the same quality, conforming to international specifications as indicated and in accordance with the
specifications of the tractor manufacturer.

(1) Only use lubricants complying with LANDINI I-ENG-D-302, NEW HOLLAND M2 C 86C, JOHN DEERE J 20C/D, M-F 1135 specifica-
tions. LANDINI specification provides additives and anti-noise, antisquawk, and antistick-slip properties. Use of different types of oil, or
mixing other types of oil into the oil supplied with the tractor when new can lead to increased noise.
(2) AGROLUBE AZA RED mineral based oil for braking circuits, according to LANDINI S/ENG/I 102 specifications.

196

A G
Air conditioner....................................................... 58, 160
Auxiliary control valves................................................ 112
B Ground speed tables, Speed Four 24x12 - 30 Kph....... 70
Ballast . ......................................................................... 89
Battery......................................................................... 167
Bleeding the air from the fuel circuit.......................... 148
Bleeding, brake circuit................................................ 156
Brake fluid reservoir ................................................... 136
Brakes, operation.......................................................... 75
C
Cab......................................................................... 56,159
Cautions when using the PTO...................................... 74
Cautions................................................................... 10,13
CE Declaration of Conformity..................................... 194
Check your equipment.................................................. 15
Cleaning........................................................................ 16
Controls and instruments............................................ 41
D
Danger symbols............................................................ 11
Dangerous operations................................................... 25
E Maintenance.......................................................... 16,121
Electrical system......................................................... 167
Electronic hitch........................................................... 102
Equipment, checks....................................................... 15
F Mechanically controlled hitch..................................... 106
Filters, maintenance........................................... 122 - 123
Four wheel-drive front axle.................................... 79 - 83
Front axle, 2WD............................................................. 78
Fuel.............................................................................. 126
Fuses................................................................... 163, 171
Alphabetical index
General information........................................................ 7
General maintenance.................................................. 156
Ground speed tables, Speed Four 12x12 .................... 63
Ground speed tables, Speed Four 24x12 - 40 Kph....... 66
H
Headlights............................................................. 47, 169
Hydraulic trailer brake................................................... 76
I
Idle periods ................................................................ 175
Instrument panel........................................................... 45
Instruments and controls.............................................. 41
L
Locking the differential................................................. 77
Lubricants and capacities...........................................196
Lubricants.................................................................... 196
M
Main clutch, control pedal............................................ 62
Maintenance at request ............................................. 128
Maintenance, 100 hours............................................. 141
Maintenance, 1000 hours........................................... 149
Maintenance, 250 hours............................................. 144
Maintenance, 500 hours............................................. 147
Mechanical power take-off........................................... 70
Message to the operator.............................................. 10
O
Operation...................................................................... 59
197
Alphabetical index

Parking brake................................................................. 75
Pre-delivery...................................................................... 7
Protective clothing........................................................ 13
Pull hook........................................................................ 92

Regular use................................................................. 7, 9
Risk of overturning . .....................................................21
Risks from noise ..........................................................31
Road circulation rules ..................................................27
Road transport............................................... 27,119, 120
Routine maintenance guide........................................ 122
Running in...................................................................124

Safety decal locations - All markets.............................. 32

Safety Decal Locations - North American Tractors....... 37
Safety frame . ....................................................... 12, 128
Safety precautions.......................................................... 9
Safety............................................................................ 10
Seat ............................................................................. 52
Speed Four gearbox...................................................... 62
Starting and stopping the engine................................. 60
Starting the engine in cold weather........................ 17, 60
Starting the tractor........................................................ 61
Steering wheel.............................................................. 51
System checks.............................................................. 14

Technical specifications.............................................. 177

Three point hitch........................................................... 95
Towing attachments...................................................... 92
Tractor identification....................................................... 6
Triple pump and front control valves................... 114-116

Use of the tractor on public roads................................ 27

Use of the tractor.................................................. 7, 9, 59

Warning and caution..................................................... 11

Warranty.......................................................................... 7
Weights and dimensions............................................ 178
Wheel track adjustment......................................... 80÷85
Wheel tyres................................................................... 86
Wheels and tyres..........................................................86
Working in safety.......................................................... 19

198
 Alphabetical index

To ensure
long and efficient
service from your tractor
use only

spare parts

recommended lubricants

199
Alphabetical index

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200