Proving

Triangle
Inequalities
 Lesson Objective
01
Recall
different definition of
terms, properties,
theorems that are used in
proving
02
Prove
triangle
inequalities.

2
 01 Recall
different definition of
terms, properties,
theorems that are used in
proving

3
 Determine the property
that the statement shows.

If 𝒎∠𝑨=𝒎∠𝑩+𝟒𝟓° and 𝒎∠𝑩=

𝟔𝟎°, then 𝒎∠𝑨= 𝟔𝟎°+𝟒𝟓°.

Substitution
Property
4
 Determine the property
that the statement shows.

If 𝒎∠𝟏 + 𝒎∠𝟑 = 𝒎∠𝟐 + 𝒎∠𝟑,

then 𝒎∠𝟏=𝒎∠𝟐.

Subtraction
Property
5
 Determine the property
that the statement shows.

If 𝑨𝑩=𝑪𝑫 and 𝑪𝑫=𝑬𝑭 then

𝑨𝑩=𝑬𝑭.

Transitive
Property
6
 Determine the property
that the statement shows.

If 𝑨𝑩 is a real number, then

𝑨𝑩 = 𝑨𝑩.

reflexive
Property
7
 Determine the definition
that the statement shows.
If ∆𝑷𝑸𝑹 has sides
𝑷𝑸 = 𝑹𝑸 then ∆𝑷𝑸𝑹
Isosceles
? triangle

Definition of
Isosceles triangle
8
 Determine the postulate
that the statement shows.
𝑨𝑪 is a side of a triangle
𝑨𝑩 + 𝑩𝑪 = 𝑨𝑪

Segment addition
postulate
9
 Determine the postulate
that the statement shows.
∠𝑸 is an angle of a triangle
∠𝑸 = ∠𝟏 + ∠𝟐

angle addition
postulate
10
 Prove
triangle inequalities. 02
11
 If one side of a triangle is longer than a second side, then
the angle opposite the first side is larger than the
angle opposite the second side.

Triangle Inequality Theorem 1 (Ss → Aa)

Given: 𝚫𝑳𝑴𝑵; 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑳𝑴
Prove: ∠𝑳𝑴𝑵 > ∠𝑳𝑵𝑴
Proof: There is a need to make additional
constructions to prove that ∠LMN > ∠LNM. With
compass point on L and with radius LM, mark a
point P on LN and connect M and P with a segment
to form triangle.
12
 Given: 𝚫𝑳𝑴𝑵; 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑳𝑴
Prove: ∠𝑳𝑴𝑵 > ∠𝑳𝑵𝑴

Statements Reasons
1. How do you describe the
relationship between 𝑳𝑴 and 𝑳𝑷? By construction
𝑳𝑴 ≅ 𝑳𝑷
2. Based on statement 1, what kind
of a triangle is 𝚫𝑳𝑴𝑷? Definition of Isosceles Triangle
𝚫𝑳𝑴𝑷 is an isosceles triangle

3. Based on statement 1, how do

Converse of Isosceles Triangle
you describe ∠𝟏 and ∠𝟐?
Theorem
∠𝟏 ≅ ∠𝟐
13
 Given: 𝚫𝑳𝑴𝑵; 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑳𝑴
Prove: ∠𝑳𝑴𝑵 > ∠𝑳𝑵𝑴

Statements Reasons
4. Study the illustration and write
a statement about ∠𝑳𝑴𝑵 if the
Angle Addition Postulate
reason is the one given.
∠𝑳𝑴𝑵 ≅ ∠𝟏 + ∠𝟑
5. Basing on statement 4, write an
inequality statement focusing
Property of Inequality
on ∠𝟏.
∠𝑳𝑴𝑵 > ∠𝟏

6. Using statement 3 in statement

5: ∠𝑳𝑴𝑵 > ∠𝟐 Substitution Property
14
∠𝑳𝑴𝑵 > ∠𝟐
 Given: 𝚫𝑳𝑴𝑵; 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑳𝑴
Prove: ∠𝑳𝑴𝑵 > ∠𝑳𝑵𝑴

Statements Reasons
7. Study the illustration and write
an operation statement involving
Angle Addition Postulate
∠𝑴𝑷𝑵, ∠𝑵, and ∠𝟑
∠𝑴𝑷𝑵 + ∠𝑵 + ∠𝟑 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎
8. Study the illustration and write
an operation statement involving
Linear Pair Theorem
∠𝟐 and ∠𝑴𝑷𝑵
∠𝟐 + ∠𝑴𝑷𝑵 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎
What property supports the step wherein
9. ∠𝟐 + ∠𝑴𝑷𝑵 ≅ ∠𝑴𝑷𝑵 + we replace the right side of statement 8
∠𝑵 + ∠𝟑 with its equivalent in statement 7?
15
𝑺𝒖𝒃𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒕𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏/𝑻𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝑷𝒓𝒐𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒕𝒚
Given: 𝚫𝑳𝑴𝑵; 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑳𝑴
Prove: ∠𝑳𝑴𝑵 > ∠𝑳𝑵𝑴

Statements Reasons
10.What will be the result if ∠MPN
is deducted away from both
sides of statement 9? 𝑺𝒖𝒃𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝑷𝒓𝒐𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒕𝒚
∠𝟐 = ∠𝑵 + ∠𝟑
11.Basing on statement 10, write
an inequality statement
Property of Inequality
focusing on ∠N.
∠𝟐 > ∠𝑵
12.Based on statement 6 and
Property of Inequality
11: If ∠𝑳𝑴𝑵 > ∠𝟐 and
16
∠𝟐 > ∠𝑵, then
∠𝑳𝑴𝑵 > ∠𝑵
Given: 𝚫𝑳𝑴𝑵; 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑳𝑴
Prove: ∠𝑳𝑴𝑵 > ∠𝑳𝑵𝑴
 If one angle of a triangle is larger than a second angle, then
the side opposite the first angle is longer than the side
opposite the second angle.

Triangle Inequality Theorem 2 (Aa → Ss)

Given: 𝚫𝑳𝑴𝑵; 𝒎∠𝑳 > 𝒎∠𝑵
Prove: 𝑴𝑵 > 𝑳𝑴
Indirect Proof: 𝑀𝑁 ≯ 𝐿𝑀

18
 Given: 𝚫𝑳𝑴𝑵; 𝒎∠𝑳 > 𝒎∠𝑵
Prove: 𝑴𝑵 > 𝑳𝑴

Statements Reasons
1. 𝑴𝑵 = 𝑳𝑴 𝒐𝒓 𝑴𝑵 < 𝑳𝑴
Assumption that 𝑴𝑵 ≯ 𝑳𝑴

2. Considering 𝑴𝑵 ≅ 𝑳𝑴 : If
𝑴𝑵 ≅ 𝑳𝑴, then Definition of Isosceles Triangle
𝚫𝑳𝑴𝑵 is an isosceles triangle

Consequently, what can you say Base angles of isosceles

about ∠L and ∠N?
triangle are congruent
∠𝑳 = ∠𝑵
The conclusion that ∠L ≅ ∠N
The Assumption that MN ≅ LM
the given that m∠L
contradicts
is □True □False
19
> m∠N.
 Given: 𝚫𝑳𝑴𝑵; 𝒎∠𝑳 > 𝒎∠𝑵
Prove: 𝑴𝑵 > 𝑳𝑴

Statements Reasons

3. Considering 𝑴𝑵 < 𝑳𝑴: Triangle Inequality Theorem 1

If 𝑴𝑵 < 𝑳𝑴, then
(Ss → Aa)
𝒎∠𝑳 < 𝒎∠𝑵
The conclusion that 𝒎∠𝑳 < 𝒎∠𝑵
The Assumption that MN < LM is
contradicts the given that
□True □False
𝒎∠𝑳 > 𝒎∠𝑵

The assumption that MN ≯ LM

4. Therefore, 𝑴𝑵 > 𝑳𝑴 must be
contradicts the known
□True □False
fact that m∠L > m∠N.
 Given: 𝚫𝑳𝑴𝑵; 𝒎∠𝑳 > 𝒎∠𝑵
Prove: 𝑴𝑵 > 𝑳𝑴

21
 The sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle is
greater than the length of the third side.

Triangle Inequality Theorem 3 (S𝟏+ S𝟐 > S𝟑 )

Given: 𝚫𝑳𝑴𝑵 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝑳𝑴 < 𝑳𝑵 < 𝑴𝑵
Prove: 𝑴𝑵 + 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑳𝑴
𝑴𝑵 + 𝑳𝑴 > 𝑳𝑵
𝑳𝑴 + 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑴𝑵
Proof: Notice that since 𝑴𝑵 > 𝑳𝑵 and that 𝑴𝑵 > 𝑳𝑴, then it’s obvious that
𝑴𝑵 + 𝑳𝑴 > 𝑳𝑵 and 𝑴𝑵 + 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑳𝑴 are true.
Hence, what remains to be proved is the third statement: 𝑳𝑴 + 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑴𝑵
Let us construct LP as an extension of LM such that L is between M and
P, 𝐿𝑃 ≅ 𝐿𝑁 and ΔLNP is formed.
22
Given: 𝚫𝑳𝑴𝑵 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝑳𝑴 < 𝑳𝑵 < 𝑴𝑵
Prove: 𝑴𝑵 + 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑳𝑴
𝑴𝑵 + 𝑳𝑴 > 𝑳𝑵
𝑳𝑴 + 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑴𝑵

Statements Reasons
1. Write a statement to describe
𝑳𝑷 and 𝑳𝑵.
By construction
𝑳𝑷 = 𝑳𝑵

2. Describe 𝚫𝑳𝑵𝑷.
Definition of Isosceles Triangle
𝚫𝑳𝑵𝑷 is an isosceles triangle

3. Describe ∠𝑳𝑵𝑷 and ∠𝑳𝑷𝑵 Base angles of isosceles triangle

∠𝑳𝑵𝑷 ≅ ∠𝑳𝑷𝑵 are congruent.

4. The illustration shows that

23 Reflexive Property of Equality
∠𝑳𝑷𝑵 ≅ ∠𝑴𝑷𝑵
Given: 𝚫𝑳𝑴𝑵 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝑳𝑴 < 𝑳𝑵 < 𝑴𝑵
Prove: 𝑴𝑵 + 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑳𝑴
𝑴𝑵 + 𝑳𝑴 > 𝑳𝑵
𝑳𝑴 + 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑴𝑵

Statements Reasons
5. If ∠𝑳𝑵𝑷 ≅ ∠𝑳𝑷𝑵 (statement 3)
and ∠𝑳𝑷𝑵 ≅ ∠𝑴𝑷𝑵 (statement 4),
then Transitive Property of Equality
∠𝑳𝑵𝑷 ≅ ∠𝑴𝑷𝑵

6. From the illustration,

Angle Addition Postulate
∠𝑴𝑵𝑷 ≅ ∠𝑳𝑵𝑴 + ∠𝑳𝑵𝑷

7. Using statement 5 in statement Substitution Property

6, ∠𝑴𝑵𝑷 ≅ ∠𝑳𝑵𝑴 + ∠𝑴𝑷𝑵

24
Given: 𝚫𝑳𝑴𝑵 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝑳𝑴 < 𝑳𝑵 < 𝑴𝑵
Prove: 𝑴𝑵 + 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑳𝑴
𝑴𝑵 + 𝑳𝑴 > 𝑳𝑵
𝑳𝑴 + 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑴𝑵

Statements Reasons
8. From statement 7,
Property of Inequality
∠𝑴𝑵𝑷 > ∠𝑴𝑷𝑵
9. Using statement 8 and the
illustration, write a statement
with the reason given Triangle Inequality Theorem 2
𝑴𝑷 > 𝑴𝑵
10. From the illustration, what
operation involving 𝑳𝑴 and 𝑳𝑷
can you write? Segment Addition Postulate
𝑳𝑴 + 𝑳𝑷 = 𝑴𝑷

25
Given: 𝚫𝑳𝑴𝑵 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝑳𝑴 < 𝑳𝑵 < 𝑴𝑵
Prove: 𝑴𝑵 + 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑳𝑴
𝑴𝑵 + 𝑳𝑴 > 𝑳𝑵
𝑳𝑴 + 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑴𝑵

Statements Reasons
11. Write a statement using
statement 10 in statement 9
Substitution Property of Inequality
𝑳𝑴 + 𝑳𝑷 > 𝑴𝑵
12. Write a statement using
statement 1 in statement 11
Substitution Property of Equality
𝑳𝑴 + 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑴𝑵
Given: 𝚫𝑳𝑴𝑵 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝑳𝑴 < 𝑳𝑵 < 𝑴𝑵
Prove: 𝑴𝑵 + 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑳𝑴
𝑴𝑵 + 𝑳𝑴 > 𝑳𝑵
𝑳𝑴 + 𝑳𝑵 > 𝑴𝑵
Learning Task 5. Read the questions carefully and answer the questions
that follow.
1. Eddie and Jenny have three sticks with different measures.
Eddie - 10 cm, 3 cm, 6 cm
Jenny - 6 cm, 9 cm, 3 cm
Who can create a triangle?

2. Who will be able to get to Layla first?

3. What is the measure of the angle

created by the paths that Clint and
Roger took?
 Learning Task 5. Read the questions carefully and answer the questions
that follow.
4. Reason 1

5. Reason 2

6. Reason 3

7. Reason 4

8. Reason 5

9. Reason 6

10. Reason 7

29
Proving
Triangle
Inequalities