XXXXX: Important Instructions To Examiners

MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
SUMMER – 2023 EXAMINATION
Model Answer – Only for the Use of RAC Assessors
Subject Name: Electrical Estimation & Contracting Subject Code:

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Important Instructions to examiners: XXXXX
1) The answers should be examined by key words and not as word-to-word as given in the model answer
scheme.
2) The model answer and the answer written by candidate may vary but the examiner may try to assess the
understanding level of the candidate.
3) The language errors such as grammatical, spelling errors should not be given more Importance. (Not
applicable for subject English and Communication Skills).
4) While assessing figures, examiner may give credit for principal components indicated in the figure. The
figures drawn by candidate and model answer may vary. The examiner may give credit for any equivalent
figure drawn.
5) Credits may be given step wise for numerical problems. In some cases, the assumed constant values may vary
and there may be some difference in the candidate’s answers and model answer.
6) In case of some questions credit may be given by judgement on part of examiner of relevant answer based on
candidate’s understanding.
7) For programming language papers, credit may be given to any other program based on equivalent concept.
8) As per the policy decision of Maharashtra State Government, teaching in English/Marathi and Bilingual
(English + Marathi) medium is introduced at first year of AICTE diploma Programme from academic year
2021-2022. Hence if the students write answers in Marathi or bilingual language (English +Marathi), the
Examiner shall consider the same and assess the answer based on matching of concepts with model answer.
Q. Sub Answer Marking
N. Q. N. Scheme
1 Attempt any FIVE of the following: 10 Marks
a) Define wiring and schematic diagram.
(i) wiring diagram: 1 mark
A wiring diagram shows the connection of an installation or part of installation. It shows for each
how the connections are actually made and also gives layout of wiring. (2
Schematic diagram: marks)
This is an explanatory diagram meant for easy understanding of the operation of an
electrical circuit. It shows by symbols on an installation for the electrical connection.
b) Sketch an electrical symbols for 5A and 15 A Socket points. 1 mark
(i)5A Socket (ii)15A Socket for each
(2
marks)
c) List out various requirements of electrical installation for residential building. 1 mark
1. The conductors used are to be such that size of conductor should carry rated current for each
and partial over load safely. (2
2. The conductors installed are to be safe in all respects. Marks)
3. Every sub-circuit is to be connected to a distribution fuse board.
4. Every line (phase or positive) is to be protected by a fuse of suitable rating as per
requirements.
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5. A switch board is to be installed so that its bottom lies 1.25 to 1.5 meters above the
ground floor.
6. A plug and socket-outlets are to be of 3-pin type, the appropriate pin of socket being
connected permanently to the earthling system.
7. All incandescent lamps, unless otherwise required, are to be hung at a height of 2.5
meters above the floor level. And ceiling fans are to be hung 2.75 meters above the floor.
8. Lights and fans may be wired on a common circuit. Each sub-circuit is not to have
more than a total ten points of lights, fans and socket-outlets. The load on each sub-
circuit is to be restricted to 800 watts.
9. No fuse and switch is to be provided in earthed conductor.
d) Distinguish non industrial and industrial loads in industrial loads in industrial 1/2 mark
electrical installations. for each
Sr.no Basis Industrial Load Non- Industrial Load definition
1 Location In industrial estate or MIDC In highly population density and 01
area residential/commercial area mark for
2 Cost More Less calculatio
3 Precautions All precautions should be All safety precautions should be n (2
taken taken marks)
4 Supply Generally 3-ph, 400V, AC Generally 1-ph,230V, AC supply
supply is provided is provided
5 Tariff Time-of-Day Tariff Block rate tariff
e) State types cables used for distribution line installations 1/2
Distribution line installations utilize various types of cables, each designed for specific mark for
purposes and voltage levels. Here are the commonly used types of cables for each
distribution lines: (2
Overhead Conductors: Marks)
1. Bare Conductors
2. Aerial Bundled Conductors (ABC)
Underground Cables:
1. Underground Distribution Cables
2. Underground Residential Distribution (URD) Cables
3. Submarine Cables
Submarine Power Cables:
1. High Voltage Cables
2. High Voltage Power Cables
3. Extra High Voltage (EHV) Cables
4. Fiber Optic Cables
f) General guidelines for selection of size of cables used in outdoor/ street lighting 1 mark
installation: for each
1. Determine the lighting load (2
2. Voltage drop considerations marks)
3. Ambient temperature
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4. Cable insulation and protection XXXXX
5. Current carrying capacity
6. Short circuit current rating
7. Regulatory requirements
8. Future expansion
9. Consult an electrical engineer
g) State type of contracts used in contracting work 1/2 mark
1) Item rate contract for each
2) Cost+% rate contract (2
3) Target rate contract marks)
4) Material supply contract
5) Labor contract
6) Sub contract
7) All in one contract
8) D.G.S. & D. rate contract
9) Cost plus (+) percentage variable rate contract
10) Cost plus (+) fluctuating fees rate contract
11) Lump sum contract
2 Attempt any THREE of the following: 12 Marks
a) Draw wiring diagram for wiring installation of 2 lamps and ceiling fan and 1 socket 2 mark
outlet on switch board with proper electrical symbols and labels in it and convert for each
this wiring diagram into single line diagram. (4
(i)Wiring Diagram marks)
(ii) Single line diagram
b) Explain with suitable sketch types of service connections for residential building. 2 marks
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XXXXXfor each
When it comes to service connections for residential buildings, there are typically three
types of connections: overhead service, underground service, and service lateral (4
Overhead Service: marks)
In an overhead service connection, the utility lines are installed above ground and
typically run from utility poles to the residential building. This type of connection is
commonly used in areas where the utility infrastructure is installed overhead. The
sketch below illustrates an overhead service connection:
Underground Service:
An underground service connection involves installing utility lines below ground level.
This type of connection is commonly used in urban areas or locations with underground
utility infrastructure. The sketch below represents an underground service connection:
Or Any other appropriate answer

c) Enlist and calculate material quantity required for service connection of 1 mark
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overhead types for a distance of 7.5 meter between supply service pole to XXXXXfor each
meter board location. (4
To calculate the material quantity required for an overhead service connection with a marks)
distance of 7.5 meters between the supply service pole and the meter board location, we
need to consider the following materials:
Service Drop Cable: This cable connects the supply service pole to the meter board
location. The length required will be the distance between the two points, i.e., 7.5
meters.
Messenger Wire: The messenger wire provides support and stability for the service
drop cable. The length required will also be 7.5 meters.
Pole Bracket: This bracket is used to secure the service drop cable to the supply service
pole.
Insulators: Insulators are used to isolate and secure the service drop cable to the
messenger wire and pole bracket.
Service Entrance Conduit: This conduit protects the service drop cable and messenger
wire from environmental factors. The length required will be the distance between the
supply service pole and the meter board location, plus some additional length for bends
and connections.
OR
Two types of overhead service connection are used:
1) By using weather proof PVC Cable:
2) By using bare overhead conductors when the distance is more than 45 meter from
the distribution pole
1)By using weather proof PVC Cable:
1. 4 Sqmm x 2 core PVC insulated cable or insulated wire 70 mtr length : (Size of
cable is depends on load 3 KW. & length of cable is depends on service connection
premises)
2. S shaped G I pipe 50 mm diameter 5 m
3. Earth wire 8 SWG 70 m
4. Meter board 01 Nos.
5. Stay wire 3 m
6. Stay insulator 01 Nos.
7. cement 01 Bag
8. sand 01 Bag
9. Pipe clamp 03 Nos
10. GI pipe 01 No
11. Saddles for pipe fitting Lum sum
12. Screw required for pipe fitting Lum sum
13. Earthing sundry
14. Earthing plate 01 Nos
15. SWG GI Wire
16. Brass nut bolt 02 Nos
17. Miscellaneous
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OR XXXXX
2) By using bare overhead conductors:
1. 2.5 Sqmm x 2 core PVC insulated cable or insulated wire approximately 7.5 mtr
length: (Size of cable is depends on load 3 KW. & length of cable is depends on service
connection premises)
2. 6 Sqmm Bare stranded conductor ( 130 Meter)
3. 8 SWG GI Wire (60 meter) or Earth wire 8 SWG 70 m
4. S shaped G I pipe 50 mm diameter 5 m
5. Meter board 01 Nos.
6. Stay wire 3 m
7. Stay insulator 01 Nos.
8. cement 01 Bag
9. sand 01 Bag
10. Pipe clamp 03 Nos
11. GI pipe 01 No
12. Saddles for pipe fitting Lumpsum
13. Screw required for pipe fitting Lumpsum
14. Earthing sundry
15. Earthing plate 01 Nos
16. Brass nut bolt 02 Nos
17. LT Shackle insulator 02 Nos
17. Miscellaneous
d) Explain design consideration for industrial Electrical installations 1/2 mark
particularly for main supply switch board. for each
Designing an industrial electrical installation, including the main supply switchboard or (4
meter board, involves several important considerations to ensure safe and efficient marks)
operation. Here are some key design considerations:
Following general guidelines for Industrial installation:-
1) Find out output power of every machine in watts.
1) 1 HP = 735.5 w
2) 1 BHP = 746 w
3) 1 KVA = 1000 VA. Assume P.f.
2) Find out Input power of every machine by assuming the efficiency of every machine.
Input power of machine = output power of machine/Efficiency of machine
3) Find out Input current of every machine for 1-ph machine.
Input power = V I cos 
V = Input voltage = 230V
Cos  = P.f.
I = Input current
If the machine is 3-ph
Input power = √3 VL IL cos 
VL = Line voltage = 400V
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IL = Line current or Input current XXXXX
Cos  = P.f.
4) Find out size and core of cable required for every machine .size of cable is decided by
starting current. Which is assumed two times Input current to sustend starting surge,
overload momentary short circuit and future expansion.
5) Find out total Electrical load of given factory.
6) Determine the Input current required for whole factory.
P = √3 VL IL cos Ø
7) Determine the size & core of Input cable required for whole factory. To decide the
size of current is assumed two times rated Input current for future expansion, overload
starting surge and momentary short circuit.
8) List out the material required for factory electrification.
9) Make the estimation chart for material and labour also.
10) Find out total cost of estimation by assuming contingencies changes and
profit margin.
OR
Following general guidelines for Industrial installation:-
i) Input current of the motor
ii) Selection of size of cable and conduit
iii) Determination of rating of fuse
iv) Selection of rating of main switch
v) Distance between Main board and control board
vi) Type of supply for every machine
vii) Earthing type and its size.
Or
Any other appropriate answer
3 Attempt any THREE of the following: 12 Marks
a) Describe step by step procedure of Estimation and costing of residential 4 mark
installation with suitable example (2 marks
Following stepwise design procedure for residential electrical installation:- for steps
1) Find out the total electrical load for the given residential installation. and 2
2) Differentiate this total electrical load in lighting load and power load. marks for
3) Make the no. of lighting sub circuit for lighting load. example)
No of Lighting Sub circuits== Total Electrical lighting load/ 800W
OR
Total No of lighting point= No of Lighting Sub circuits /10
4) Make the no. of power sub circuits for power load.
No of power Sub circuits= Total electrical power load/1000 or 2000 W
5) Find out total power consumption of every lighting and power sub circuits.
6) Find out rated Input current for every lighting and power sub circuit.
P = V1 cos P = Input power for every sub circuit
V = voltage = 230 V
I = Input current for every sub circuit
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7) Determine the size of wire required for every sub circuit by considering overloadXXXXX
starting surge and future expansion.
8) Draw the single line diagram.
9) Mark the batten on plan layout.
10) Find out the total length of batten or (conduit) required for every sub circuit and
whole residential installation.
11) Find out the total length and size of wire required for every sub circuit.
12) List out the material required for whole residential installation.
13) Find out cost of material and labour in estimation chart.
14) Find out the total cost of estimation with profit margin and contingencies charges.
15) Find out per point charges.
16) Draw the circuit diagram.
Example: Any suitable example
Total load in  tubes watt  4 60  3100  540W
 Fans  watt  4 60  240W
 Sockets  watt 660 360W
i) Total connected lighting load 540 2403601140W or1.14KW ,
ii) Total connected Power load  41000 4000W or 4.0 KW
Total load connected  1140  4000  5140 or 5.14 KW
iii) Number of lighting subcircuit  1140/800 1.4252
Nos Power sub circuit 4000/2000 2
Distribution Board: So, 4 number of MCB are required
iv) Total Connected load is 5140 watt, so Number of sub circuit = 4 Nos.
v) Current rating of iron clad main switch = since more current is 23 A.
Current rating Iron clad Main switch = 32 A
vi) Value of current rating of iron clad main switch:
So Use: - 250V, 32A, ISI mark Main switch of any company
Or
Step 1: Gather project information:- Collect all the necessary information about the
residential electrical installation project. This includes architectural plans, electrical
drawings, specifications, and any additional details provided by the client or the project
engineer.
Step 2: Prepare a takeoff:-A takeoff involves identifying and quantifying all the
components required for the electrical installation. This typically includes cables, wires,
conduits, switches, outlets, fixtures, panels, breakers, and other electrical equipment.
Review the drawings and specifications carefully to ensure all elements are considered.
Step 3: Calculate quantities:-Using the information from the takeoff, calculate the
quantities of each material required for the project. Take into account factors such as
the length of cables, the number of outlets or switches needed, and the capacity of
panels required. Make sure to consider any specific requirements or specifications
mentioned in the project documents.
Step 4: Determine labor requirements:-Estimate the labor required for the
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installation. Break down the work into different tasks, such as cable pulling, conduit
installation, switch and outlet installation, panel wiring, and so on. Based on the
complexity of each task and the estimated time for completion, determine the number of
workers and the total labor hours required.
Step 5: Obtain material prices:- Contact suppliers or refer to price lists to determine
the cost of each material. Ensure that the prices obtained are up to date and consider
any discounts or special rates that may be applicable. It is also essential to account for
additional expenses like transportation, storage, or taxes if applicable.
Step 6: Calculate material costs:-Multiply the quantities calculated in Step 3 by the
respective material prices obtained in Step 5 to determine the cost of each material. Sum
up the individual material costs to obtain the total material cost for the project.
Step 7: Calculate labor costs :-ultiply the estimated labor hours determined in Step 4
by the labor rate per hour. This will give you the total labor cost for the project. If there
are different labor rates for different tasks or workers, calculate them separately and
then sum up the individual costs.
Step 8: Prepare a detailed estimate:-Compile all the costs calculated in the previous
steps and present them in a detailed estimate document. The estimate should include a
breakdown of material costs, labor costs, overhead expenses, profit margin, and any
other relevant costs.
Consider an example of residential installation consist of following load
4 lamps of 60 W each
6 lamps of 40 W each
4 ceiling fans of 60 W each
6 sockets of 6 A having 100 W each
4 sockets of 16 A having 1000 W each
Total lighting load
= (4 × 60) + (6 × 40) + (4 × 60) + (6 × 100) = 1320 W
Total power load
= 4 × 1000 = 4000 W
No. of sub-circuits for L and F and power
No. of lighting sub-circuit =1320/800=1.65
Approx 2 lighting subcircuits
No. of Power sub-circuit =4000/200=2
Since there are 2 lighting sub-circuits and 2 power sub-circuit, we require 4 way
distribution board. It includes main MCB with other 2 MCBs for lighting sub-circuits and
2 more MCBs for power sub-circuits.
Or
b) Explain the design consideration and guidelines for the electrical installation in 04 Marks
commercial building. (Any 8
 Find out the type of load and total electrical load for the given commercial points)
installation.
 Differentiate this total electrical load in lighting load and power load.
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 Make the no. of lighting sub circuit for lighting load. XXXXX
No. of Lighting Sub Circuit =Total lighting load/800
 Make the no. of power sub circuits for power load.
No of Power Sub Circuit =Total Power load/3000
 Find out total power consumption of every lighting and power sub circuits.
 Find out rated Input current for every lighting and power sub circuit.
 P=VI cos0 P = Input power for every sub circuit
 V = voltage = 230 V , I = Input current for every sub circuit
 Determine the size of wire required for every sub circuit by considering
overload, starting surge and future expansion.
 Draw the single line diagram.
 Mark the batten / conduit on plan layout.
 Find out the total length of batten / conduit required for every sub circuit and
whole commercial installation.
 Find out the total length and size of wire required for every sub circuit.
 List out the material required for whole commercial installation.
 Find out cost of material and labour in estimation chart.
 Find out the total cost of estimation with profit margin and contingencies
charges.
 Find out per point charges.
 Draw the circuit diagram.
c) Draw the neat sketch of 11 KV HT substations and enlist the material required in
the substation.
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Or Any other appropriate answer XXXXX
A 11 kV High Tension (HT) substation typically consists of various equipment and
materials to facilitate the transmission and distribution of electrical power. Here is a list
of commonly used materials and equipment in an 11 kV HT substation:
1) Transformers
2) Circuit Breakers
3) Isolators
4) Lightning Arresters
5) Busbars
6) Current Transformers (CTs
7) Potential Transformers (PTs
8) Lightning Protection System
9) Control Panels
10) Insulators
11) Surge Arresters
12) Battery and Battery Chargers
13) Earthing System
14) Steel Structures
15) Cables and Conductors
16) Protective Relays and Control Systems
d) Explain the role of contractor in electrical installation work with qualities of good
contractor. (02
Role of Contractor: Marks)
1. Administration Approval/For Taking in Principle Decision to go Ahead:
To take “In principle decision” to go ahead with house construction /project, which is
commonly known as “Administration approval” in government departments.
2. Selection of Construction Materials/Technology:
Once in principle decision is taken, the owner prepare design including planning &
deciding right construction materials, to decide right technology, as well as the size and
area of the project and, will finally decide whether to go ahead or not or what to change
in the project
3. Required Quantity of Materials:
Once designs are ready one can work out detailed estimates and based on the same
one can work out the quantity, cost of materials, required to complete the work.
4. Labour Requirement:
To know the detailed cost of different categories of labour needed like masonry,
excavation, RCC (reinforced cement concrete) work, plaster, painting etc.
5. Equipment, Tools and Plants Requirement:
To know the detailed cost of equipment, tools, plants and machinery to be used in
construction.
6. To Plan Time:
To plan the time schedule of construction depending upon the cash flow i.e. (02
availability of funds. Marks)
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7. Final Decision: XXXXX
At this stage, one finally need to decide whether to go ahead with the construction plan
or not.
8. Project Sanction:
To give the sanction for the project with the modification in the plan if any, keeping
budget & time in view.
9. Cost Control:
Cost control is the main objective of estimating and costing.
10. To Invite Tender/ Quotations:
To invite Tender/Quotations from contractors and compare rates with
estimates and finalize the contractor based on quantity/rates and work items.
11. Valuation:
Valuation of existing property.
Qualities of good contractor.
1. He must have Good leadership skills.
2. He should be Excellent communicator.
3. He should possess good technical knowledgeable.
4. He should be Adaptable to any situation.
5. He must be able to implement project Effectively.
4 Attempt ant THREE of the following: 12
marks
a) For a residential building prepare the list of electrical wiring installation material
required along with electrical apparatus used in the residential building.
List of Electrical Wiring:-
● Casing and Capping Wiring. 1 mark
● Cleat wiring.
● Batten Wiring.
● Conduit Wiring.
● Conceal Wiring
Material required for Residential Installation
1) Electrical cables: You will need electrical cables to carry the electrical current 2 mark
throughout the house. The most common types used are non-metallic sheathed cable
(NM), also known as Romex, which consists of insulated wires bundled together.
2) Circuit breakers: Circuit breakers protect the electrical circuits from overload or
short circuits. They come in various sizes and ratings to match the specific
requirements of each circuit.
3) Outlets and switches: These are used to provide electrical access points and
control for lighting, appliances, and other electrical devices. They come in different
types, such as receptacles, light switches, dimmers, and GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit
Interrupter) outlets for areas requiring extra safety, like bathrooms and kitchens.
4) Junction boxes: Junction boxes are used to house wire connections and protect
them from damage. They also provide a convenient access point for future
maintenance or modifications.
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5) Conduit and fittings: Conduit is a protective tubing used to encase electricalXXXXX
wires in areas where they may be exposed or subject to damage. Common types 1 mark
include PVC conduit and metal conduit. Fittings are used to join and secure conduit
sections together.
6) Wire connectors: Wire connectors are used to join or terminate wires. They
provide a secure and insulated connection and come in various types, such as wire
nuts, crimp connectors, and terminal blocks.
7) Electrical tape: Electrical tape is used to insulate and protect wire connections. It
helps prevent accidental contact with live wires and ensures electrical safety.
8) Wire staples and fasteners: These are used to secure electrical cables and
conduit to walls, ceilings, or other surfaces.
9) Wire strippers and cutters: These tools are necessary for removing insulation
from wires and cutting them to the desired length.
10) Screwdrivers, pliers, and wrenches: Basic hand tools are needed for various
installation tasks, such as tightening terminal screws, bending wires, and securing
fittings.
Equipment’s Used in Residential Installation
Fan, Tube lights, Refrigerators, washing machine, Electric Heaters, etc
Or
b) In an industry having 25 HP induction motor 3 phase as shown in fig no 1.Prepare 01Mark
electrical installation LT design scheme and list of quantity of material required . for each
Assuming ƞ = 0.85 and V = 415V. p.f.= cos Ø = 0.85 (01 Mark
Rating for 25 HP, 3-Ph I.M :- calculati
Total Power = HP rating × 735.5 on
Total Power = 25 × 735.5 ,2marks
Total Power = 18387.5 Watt diagram
Total Power 01 Mark-
Input Current IL =P/ √3 × VL × × cos Ø Material
18387.5 s)
Input Current IL =18387.5/√3 × 415 × 0.85 × 0.85
Input Current IL = 35 A
Starting current = 2 × 35= 70 A
So Use, the 16 mm2, 4 core copper cable of 500V, 50Hz with ICTP switch
or MCB of 72 A, 690V/ 450V.
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Materials Required:-
Sr. No. Material Quantity
1 120 A Busbar with neutral link 01

2 Energy Meter (3 Phase) 01
3 32mm PVC conduit 1.5mm 20 pipes
thickness
4 Main Board Switch 01
5 ICTP (450 V, 72 A) 01
6 Star-Delta starter 01
7 Saddles 01 box
8 PVC Tap 05
9 Screw (03 inch length) 30 nos
c) Explain with suitable example selection procedure of power cables in HT - 01Mark
distributin ion including their termination of cables underground cabling. for each
Factors determining selection of HT power cables (04
1. Current carrying capacity Marks)
2. Voltage regulation
3. Short circuit rating
4. Cable construction
5. Cable shield requirement
Methods of Cable Termination For HT (11KV) Line:(Explain Any 1 Method only)
1) Heat shrink:
Heat shrink cable terminations can be used for LV-MV-HV power cables present indoors
and outdoors. Indoors, these cable terminations connect to substation switchgear,
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transformers and insulated cable boxes. Outdoors, they are used in overhead and XXXXX
underground distribution lines.High-quality heat shrink cable terminations have
excellent strength.They are highly resistant to chemicals, solvents, and extreme
temperatures.Highly quality cable terminations do not crack, melt or get displaced when
applied properly.The flexibility of heat shrink cable terminations allow them to be used
in cases where cables have to be bundled together.
2) Lug Termination:
Strip conductor to insertion depth Conductor ends must be cleaned before
termination.
Insert conductor fully into cable lug or ferrule .Using the appropriate crimping tool
crimp lug onto conductor. Lug is used to terminate stranded conductors only. It is made
of tinned copper tubing pressed into different shapes and sizes, and is crimped onto the
conductor. Hand crimping tools usually accommodate several lug sizes in a fixed head,
which is obtainable with indent, oval, hexagon crimp type dies. Lor larger lugs, hydraulic
crimping machines with capacities from 5 tons upwards are used.
3) Claw type termination:
Prysmian Claw Cleats (Aluminium Cable Clamps) are two piece, single fixing LUL
approved cable cleats providing cable support and protection against all weather
conditions in industrial or outdoor areas with operating temperatures -60°C to
+105°C.Prysmian claw cable cleats with single bolt fixing are suitable for supporting
cables with 10mm to 51mm outer sheath diameter forming part of the Prysmian BICON
range of single way cable cleats. Epoxy coated claw cleats are available for heavy
industrial and hazardous area locations where higher levels of corrosion protection is
required Cable cleats suitable for cleating cables with diameters 10 to 51mm Claw
cleats are manufactured from aluminium alloy Can be stacked to a maximum of three on
a single fixing Can be used for all types of cable routes Plain finish - for normal industrial
areas or outdoor unpolluted areas Epoxy coated versions available for harsher
environments Packing pieces to be used where required
4) Spade termination
Spade lug terminals are used to dress and terminate a conductor to a termination
point or post with a mechanically secure, "partially captured" connection. The "partially
captured" feature allows the terminal to be removed from a termination post without
completely removing the compression nut (as is required with ring lugs). This security
feature may be beneficial in moderate vibration environments where there is a
requirement for the termination to be disconnected.
5) Crimping
Crimping is a totally different wire termination method. This was used to replace
soldering techniques. In this method, the connection is made using a crimping tool. The
insulation of the conductor is manually un-stripped and it is connected with the contact
of the cable assembly. Though the physical exertion is very high in this type of
termination, it also offers very reliable connectivity.
d) Draw single line diagram of LT substation.
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XXXXX(04
Marks)
Or Any other appropriate Diagram

e) Describe design consideration for the street light estimation , prepare the list of
material required.
Design Considerations for Street Light Estimation: 2 marks
1. Coverage and Illumination Levels: Consider the desired coverage area and the
required illumination levels to ensure adequate visibility and safety for pedestrians,
vehicles, and other road users.
2. Energy Efficiency: Optimize energy consumption by using efficient lighting
technologies, such as LED (Light Emitting Diode) lights, which consume less power
and have a longer lifespan compared to traditional incandescent or fluorescent
lights.
3. Light Direction and Distribution: Determine the appropriate light distribution
pattern to ensure uniform illumination across the street without causing excessive
glare or dark spots.
4. Light Pollution: Minimize light pollution by using shielded fixtures that direct the
light downward and prevent it from scattering unnecessarily into the night sky or
neighboring areas.
5. Maintenance and Accessibility: Consider ease of maintenance when selecting street
light fixtures. Choose designs that allow for easy access to the bulbs, wiring, and
control systems, reducing maintenance time and costs. 2 marks
6. Weather Resistance: Ensure the selected materials and components can withstand
various weather conditions, including rain, snow, extreme temperatures, and high
winds, to maintain consistent operation and durability.
7. Smart Lighting Controls: Incorporate smart lighting controls to enable automatic
dimming or turning off during low-traffic periods, thereby further reducing energy
consumption and maintenance needs.
8. Aesthetics: Street lighting should complement the surrounding urban or rural
environment and blend well with architectural features. Consider the visual impact
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of the fixtures during the day and night. XXXXX
List of Materials Required:
1. Light Fixtures: LED street light fixtures that meet the desired coverage and
illumination requirements.
2. Poles: Sturdy and corrosion-resistant poles to support the light fixtures at
appropriate heights.
3. Electrical Wiring: High-quality electrical wiring and connectors to safely transmit
power to the light fixtures.
4. Power Supply: Electrical transformers and distribution panels to provide a reliable
power supply to the street lights.
5. Lighting Controls: Smart lighting control systems, including sensors, timers, and
programmable controllers, for automated and efficient operation.
6. Mounting Hardware: Brackets, clamps, and other mounting hardware to secure the
light fixtures to the poles.
7. Shields and Diffusers: Light shields and diffusers to control light direction, reduce
glare, and ensure uniform distribution.
8. Surge Protection Devices: Surge protectors to safeguard the lighting system against
power surges and voltage fluctuations.
Weatherproof Enclosures: Enclosures to protect electrical components and connections
from the elements.
5 Attempt any TWO of the following: 12 Marks
a) Explain criteria for selection of starter for motor. Draw wiring diagram for (λ)/ Δ 3 Marks
starter with motor and main switch for
explanati
on and 3
marks
for
diagram
1. First, calculate the full rated current of the motor.

2. If the full load current is below 15Amps, you can go for DOL Starter and if the
same current is above 15 amps we need to go for star delta starter. For more
than 250HP, we should go for a soft starter or VFD (variable frequency
drive). By using VFDs we get save almost 45% of the power as consumed by
the Direct online starters. Also if your motor is a single-phase then go for
single-phase starting method and if your motor is three-phase then go for
three-phase starters.
3. For pump application semi-automated starter is enough to start the motor
but for higher torque motor such as grinder, mixer, Fan, you need to go for
Full automated star delta starter.
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4. Always you should choose one step forward Relay Rating Only. Since the XXXXX
starter comes with the higher life and the same starter can be used while you
upgrading the motor.
b) Explain earthing provision using suitable sketch for HT/LT distribution lines 4 marks
installation. for
For distribution lines such as HT line and LT line, wire earthing is used by low diagram
resistance wire known as the earth wire. This earth wire is connected to Earth and 2
Electrodes, buried in the ground. For this, horizontal trenches are dug, and strip marks for
electrodes get buried inside these trenches. The electrodes are of copper, galvanized explanati
iron, or steel on
o
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XXXXX6 marks
c) Prepare estimation required for public street lighting installation typically any
one of the following (TOTAL LOAD 10KW, NO OF STREET LIGHT POLE=10)
TOTAL LOAD =10KW
RATED CURRENT =
circuit P= VL IL cos 
10000= *415* IL*0.8
IL=17AMP
1)MARKET :-
SR DESCRIPTION OF QTY RATE COST
NO MATERIAL
1 STEEL TUBULAR 10 12000
POLE 9MTR POLE
2 G.I. PIPE 2.5 CM DIA 10
3 G.I CLAMPS 20
4 WELDED 10
FOUNDATION PLATE
5 PVC UNDRGROUND QTY MAY
CABLE VARY AS
DIMENTIO
NS ARE
NOT
GIVEN
6 FOUNDATION WORK 10
7 MAIN SWICH 32
AMPS
8 LABOUR CHARGES 10
9 PILLAR BOX 01 3500 3500
10 STREET LIGHT 10
2) GARDEN : Material required same in each case no of poles =10 are common in each
case
3)TEMPLE : Material required same in each case no of poles =10 are common in each
case
4)INSTITUTE : Material required same in each case no of poles =10 are common in each
case
6 Attempt any TWO of the following: 12 Marks
a) Prepare estimation of material required for auditorium (commercial complex) 6 marks
having lighting circuits = 40 Nos., Power circuit=20 Nos .and three phase
induction motors.1HP =5 Nos, 3HP- 2 Nos, 10HP=2Nos
Lighting circuit load calculation= 40*800W=32000W=32kw
Power circuit load calculation =20*2000W=40000W=40Kw
Induction motor load calculation=31HP*735.5W=22800W=22.8kw
for motors assume efficiency =80% so total load=22.8kw/0.8=28.5kw
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Rated current calculation XXXXX
a)for lighting circuit P= VL IL cos 
32000= *415* IL*0.8
IL=56Amp
b) for power circuit P= VL IL cos 
40000= *415* IL*0.8
IL=69Amp
c) for motors P= VL IL cos 
28500= *415* IL*0.8
IL=49.5Amp
SR DESCRIPTION OF MATERIAL QTY RATE COST

NO
1 ICTP SWITCH 250AMPS OR 150 AMPS 1 3500 3500
2 ICTP SWITCH 100AMPS 3 2500 7500
3 RIGID CONDUITS( QTY
4 CONDUIT BENDS MAY
5 VIR WIRE VARY
6 CONDUIT SADDLES
7 EARTHING SET
8 CONNECTOR
9 FLEXIBLE PIPE
10 DISTRIBUTION BOX
11 SITCH BOARDS
12 SWITCHES
13 SOCKETS
14 SCREWS
15 DOL STARTER 7 4000 28000
16 STAR DELTA STARTER 2 8000 1600
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 SIZE AND QUANTITY MAY VARY IN EACH MATERIAL BELOW DIMENTIONS ARE XXXXX
NOT GIVEN
 Consider appropriate rate
b) Explain design consideration like lumens required type of luminaries, layout of 2 marks
roads standards for public street light electrical installation. for load
Lumens required: calculati
For lighting residential areas, the average is 5000 lumens. on + 4
For roadways, highways, building perimeters, universities, it can range from 6,400 to marks
18,000 lumens. for
Luminaries: material
 Roadway luminaires are mounted horizontally and thus have fixed vertical aiming. required
 Roadway lighting luminaires have particular intensity distributions which are desired
to light long narrow horizontal stripes on one side of the luminaire, while minimizing
the intensities on the other side of the luminaire.
 The intensity distributions up and down the narrow strip are generally the same.
 Any fixed aimed luminaire which does not have this type of intensity distribution is
called an area luminaire.
Layout of road standards:
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XXXXX
Or
c) Explain with suitable example quotation format, tender, comparative statement 2
format and order format marks
1) Quotation format: An offer in terms of rates made by the supplier in a sealed for
envelope in reply to a quotation letter for supply of materials or undertaking a work lumen
on the terms and condition is called as quotation ,which include description of +
material and its quantity and rates 2marks
for
lumina
ries +2
marks
for
layout
of
roads
2) Tender format: tender format includes scope of work ,cost of work ,earnest money,
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amount of security deposit, time limit. XXXXX
3) Comparative statement : After receiving quotations from different suppliers, the

comparative statement is prepared and low price item which fulfills the condition are
underlined and selected
4) Order forms : for example purchase order
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Purchase order includes XXXXX
a) Purchase order no
b) purchase date
c) Due date of supply
d)value of purchase order
e) Firm supplying of materials
f) Quantity of each item ordered
g) tax
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MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

Subject Name: Electrical Estimation & Contracting Subject Code:

Subject Name: Electrical Estimation & Contracting Subject Code:

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(ii) Single line diagram

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Or Any other appropriate answer

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Subject Name: Electrical Estimation & Contracting Subject Code:

Subject Name: Electrical Estimation & Contracting Subject Code:

Subject Name: Electrical Estimation & Contracting Subject Code:

Subject Name: Electrical Estimation & Contracting Subject Code:

Subject Name: Electrical Estimation & Contracting Subject Code:

Subject Name: Electrical Estimation & Contracting Subject Code:

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1 120 A Busbar with neutral link 01

Subject Name: Electrical Estimation & Contracting Subject Code:

Subject Name: Electrical Estimation & Contracting Subject Code:

Or Any other appropriate Diagram

Subject Name: Electrical Estimation & Contracting Subject Code:

1. First, calculate the full rated current of the motor.

Subject Name: Electrical Estimation & Contracting Subject Code:

Subject Name: Electrical Estimation & Contracting Subject Code:

Subject Name: Electrical Estimation & Contracting Subject Code:

SR DESCRIPTION OF MATERIAL QTY RATE COST

Subject Name: Electrical Estimation & Contracting Subject Code:

Subject Name: Electrical Estimation & Contracting Subject Code:

Subject Name: Electrical Estimation & Contracting Subject Code:

3) Comparative statement : After receiving quotations from different suppliers, the

4) Order forms : for example purchase order

Subject Name: Electrical Estimation & Contracting Subject Code:

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