INDUSTRIES & MARKETS

Manufacturing of Computers &

Electronics in Asia - Industry
Insights & Data Analysis

September 2022
 Asian Industry Report

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Dear Reader,

Find out more about the “Manufacturing: Computers &

Electronics" industry in our report focusing on key industry
figures such as the financial numbers, companies, employment,
and salaries.

With this report, we provide a comprehensive overview of the

current state of the industry as well as a prognosis for the
upcoming years.

Gain insight into the major trends in the “Manufacturing:

Computers & Electronics" industry in order to assess the risks
and opportunities relevant for domestic and international
business. We wish you a valuable and informative reading
experience.

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2
 The Asian Industry Report

Executive summary

• With US$2,219.0bn, Mainland China generated the highest revenue in 2021

• From 2017 to 2021, Asia's share in global FDI flows increased by more than 8%

• With US$50 billion, South-East Asia had the highest value for cross-border M&A in
2021

• Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. registered the largest revenue in 2021

• The number of employees in this industry increased by 30.96% from 2018 to

2020

• In "Manufacturing: Computers & Electronics", Mainland China's businesses had

the most researchers employed

3
CHAPTER 01

Introduction
 Industry definition

Manufacturing: Computers & Electronics – ISIC 26 Subcategories included in this industry

This division includes the manufacture of computers, computer peripherals,
communications equipment, and similar electronic products, as well as the
manufacture of components for such products. Production processes of this
division are characterized by the design and use of integrated circuits and the
• 261 Manufacture of electronic components and boards
• 262 Manufacture of computers and peripheral equipment
• 263 Manufacture of communication equipment

application of highly specialized miniaturization technologies. The division also • 264 Manufacture of consumer electronics
contains the manufacture of consumer electronics, measuring, testing, navigating,
• 265 Manufacture of measuring, testing, navigating and control equipment;
and control equipment, irradiation, electromedical and electrotherapeutic
watches and clocks
equipment, optical instruments and equipment, and the manufacture of magnetic
and optical media. • 266 Manufacture of irradiation, electromedical and electrotherapeutic equipment

• 267 Manufacture of optical instruments and photographic equipment

• 268 Manufacture of magnetic and optical media

Sources: United Nations 2008

 The stringent and widespread containment and public health measures, that
have been imposed in Asia and the world, are now gradually being lifted
COVID-19 and Government Responses (1/2)

Containment and Health Index(1) Containment and Health Index(1) in August 2022
80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct Jan- Apr- Jul- Sep-
20 20 20 20 21 21 21 21 22 22 22 22
Africa Asia Europe Americas Australia & Oceania >60-80 >40-60 >20-40 0-20 n.a.

6 Notes: (1) The Containment and Health Index tracks lockdown restrictions, closure policies, and health system policies, such as testing and contact tracing, with 0 corresponding to least stringent and 100 to most stringent
Data for country groupings is made-up of average data for individual countries. For the classification of country groupings, see appendix
Sources: Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker (Hale et al. 2022); Statista 2022
 Generous fiscal policy measures are being introduced in many parts of Asia and
the world
COVID-19 and Government Responses (2/2)

Fiscal measures in billion US$ and as percentage of GDP(1) Fiscal measures as percentage of GDP(1)
7,000 6,641 25

6,000 22% 23%

5,371 20
5,000 4,589
13% 2,089 15
4,000
15% 5,908
2,566
3,000
10

2,000
3,282
5
3%
1,000 2,023
79 290
260 30 733
0 24 55 0
Africa Australia Asia Europe Americas
& Oceania
Liquidity support(2) Fiscal measures as percentage of GDP
Spending & revenues(3) >20 >15-20 >10-15 >5-10 0-5 n.a.

7 Notes: (1) As of March 2021, GDP data is based on April/May 2021 World Economic Outlook and Statista estimates (2) Equity injections, loans, asset purchase, debt assumptions, guarantees, and quasi-fiscal operations (3) Additional
/accelerated spending or foregone / deferred revenues. Note Data for country groupings is the sum of data for individual countries. For the classification of country groupings, see appendix
Sources: International Monetary Fund 2022; Statista 2022
 Implications for the global economy due to the Russia-Ukraine war
Russia-Ukraine War: Global Impacts

2022 global GDP projection revision Projected economic situation changes since war(2)
by selected institutions(1)

NIESR -0.5%

Moody’s Analytics -0.6%

IMF -0.8%

Fitch Ratings -0.9%

Kiel Institute -0.9%

The Economist -1.0%

OECD -1.1%

World Bank -1.2%

Oxford Economics -1.4%

Conference Board -1.5%

UNCTAD -1.8% Disaster Strongly negative Moderately negative Slightly negative No impact/Slightly positive

8 Notes: For the latest updates, see Statista Russia-Ukraine war 2022 - statistics & facts and Russia-Ukraine conflict 2021-2022 - statistics & facts (1) Difference between May 2022 (or latest) forecast and pre-war baseline forecast
(4.4% WEO IMF Jan 2022) (2) Country groupings are based on the differences between pre-war and current forecasts of 2022 GDP/inflation. GDP/inflation data is published by IMF WEO October 2021 and April 2022
Sources: IMF 2022; Conference Board 2022; The Economist 2022; NIESR 2022; Fitch Ratings 2022; Oxford Economics 2022; UNCTAD 2022; Kiel Institute 2022; OECD 2022; World Bank 2022; Statista 2022
 The war has caused strong fluctuations in the global commodities market
Russia-Ukraine War: Trade Impacts

Top products(1) exported by Russia and Ukraine in Top products(1) exported by Russia and Ukraine as Commodities price index (2019=100)
billion US$ percentage of the global export value Russia-
Ukraine
300 conflict
Fuels & oils 142.5 Cereals 15.8
Preci. metals Fertilizers 14.1 250
30.5
& jewellery Nickel 13.8
Iron & steel 23.7 Fuels & oils 10.2 200
Fats & oils 9.8
Cereals 18.8
Iron & steel 7.5 150
Nuclear reactors
10.2
& machin. Wood 7.4

Fats & oils 9.7 Metals 5.4 100

Preci. metals
5.4
Wood 9.6 & jewellery
Fish 4.5 50
Ores, slag
8.8 Copper 4.4
& ash Ores, slag
3.9 0
Fertilizers 7.4 & ash
Railway 3.8 2019M01 2020M01 2021M01 2022M02 2023
Elec. machin.
6.9 Forecast
& equip. Aluminium 3.6
Energy Fats/Oils Fertilizers
Ukraine Russia Food Grains Metals & Minerals

9 Notes: For the latest updates, see Statista Russia-Ukraine war 2022 - statistics & facts and Russia-Ukraine conflict 2021-2022 - statistics & facts (1) Product groupings are based on HS-2 code, data in 2021 or latest

Sources: UN Comtrade 2022; Intracen 2022; World Bank 2022; Statista 2022
 In Asia, Kyrgyzstan is the country with the highest share of exports to Russia
Russia-Ukraine War: Trade Impacts, Country-specific

Trade with Russia as percentage of total trade(1)

40.1% 40.6%

26.8%
22.0%
19.9%
15.1%
11.3% 9.9%
4.9% 5.6% 2.8% 2.7% 2.9%
4.2% 2.4% 1.3% 1.8% 1.5% 1.5% 1.6% 1.5% 1.2% 1.3%
2.2% 1.8% 2.4% 2.3% 1.7% 1.5% 2.1%
1.0% 0.8% 1.2% 0.7% 0.8% 1.4% 0.6% 0.7% 0.4% 0.1%
Uzbekistan
Kazakhstan

Japan
India
Iran
Turkmenistan
Tajikistan

China

Bangladesh

Sri Lanka

Indonesia
Syria

Jordan

Pakistan
Kyrgyzstan

South Korea

Israel

Cambodia
Vietnam
Myanmar
Exports to Russia Imports from Russia

10 Notes: For the latest updates, see Statista Russia-Ukraine War 2022 - statistics & facts and Russia-Ukraine conflict 2021-2022 - statistics & facts (1) Based on average of 2019-2021 data. The data depicted on this slide refers to no
specific industry but is showing the trade connection of the whole economy
Sources: UN Comtrade 2022; Intracen 2022; Statista 2022; IMF 2022; UN 2022
 The war may lead to higher inflation and less GDP growth for countries in Asia
Russia-Ukraine War: Asia

Voting on the UN resolution condemning Russia’s invasion Average(1) GDP growth and Inflation projection for 2022 In Asia(2)

8.6%

5.6%

4.4%
4.1%

Pre-war forecast Current forecast

In favor Against No vote recorded Abstained GDP Growth Inflation

11 Notes: For the latest updates, see Statista Russia-Ukraine War 2022 - statistics & facts and Russia-Ukraine conflict 2021-2022 - statistics & facts (1) Simple average of the data of countries in the region (2) Based on IMF WEO of
different versions
Sources: UN Comtrade 2022; Intracen 2022; Statista 2022; IMF 2022; UN 2022
 In Mainland China, people worry most about the environmental situation and
health and social security matters
Perceived Challenges

Perceived challenges of Chinese for their country(1)

34% 33%
31% 30%
27% 27% 26%
22% 22%

15%
13% 13%
10%
8%
6% 5% 5% 4%
Rising prices & inflation

Unemployment
Education

Unifying the country

Housing

Civil rights
Poverty

Immigration
Environment

Health & social security

Government debt
Economic situation
Food & water security

Defense & foreign affairs

Religious conflicts
Climate change

Crime

Terrorism
12 Notes: (1) “What do you personally think are the most important issues in your country of residence that need to be addressed?"; Multi pick; n=24,172

Sources: Statista Global Consumer Survey, as of August 2022

CHAPTER 02

Financial Numbers
 With US$2,219.0bn, Mainland China generated the highest revenue in 2021
Revenue (1/3)

Revenue(1) in billion US$(2) in 2021 and growth rate from 2020 to 2021

13.80% 1.57% 1.62% 8.14% 5.98% 1.93% 4.97% 4.66% 2.68%

2,219.0

289.6
132.1 85.8 77.3 25.6 25.1 17.2 8.2

Mainland China South Korea Vietnam Taiwan Japan India Israel Philippines Indonesia

14 Notes: (1) See glossary for definitions (2) In current US$, converted from local currencies using annual average / predicted exchange rates

Sources: Statista Industry Outlook 2022; National Statistics Offices 2022

 At 101.4%, from 2015 to 2025, in this industry Vietnam's revenue growth rate
will be the highest
Revenue (2/3)

Revenue(1),(2) index (2015=100)

220
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Mainland China India Japan Indonesia Philippines Israel Saudi Arabia South Korea Vietnam Taiwan

15 Notes: (1) See glossary for definitions (2) Revenue in current US$, converted from local currencies using annual average / predicted exchange rates

Sources: Statista Industry Outlook 2022; National Statistical Offices 2022

 In this industry, revenue in Mainland China will reach US$2,624.2 bn in 2025
Revenue (3/3)

Revenue(1),(2) outlook and growth rates

CAGR(3) 2022-2025 in %

6 Philippines Japan

4 Singapore
Taiwan
2
Mainland China
0 Saudi Arabia India Malaysia

-2
South Korea
-4

-6
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 2,560 2,580 2,600 2,620 2,640 2,660 2,680

Revenue in billion US$

16 Notes: (1) See glossary for definitions (2) Revenue in current US$, converted from local currencies using annual average / predicted exchange rates (3) CAGR: Compound Annual Growth Rate / average growth rate per year

Sources: Statista Industry Outlook 2022; National Statistical Offices 2022

 Revenue in this segment is expected to increase by 1.9% p.a. from 2022 to 2026
Consumer Market Outlook - Consumer Electronics (1/2)

The values shown on this, and the following slide are derived from the Statista Asian market size in billion US$
Outlooks. They present the size of a defined market and are based on end-
consumer prices. When it comes to the market size, it does not matter what the +1.9%(1)
geographical origin of the product / service provider is; what matters is the 537.6
509.1 519.7
497.8 501.9
consumption in the country. The markets in the Statista Outlooks also do not follow
the ISIC classification system; they focus on the products themselves, not the
industry. Therefore, the numbers shown here are not comparable with other
revenue values.

2022 2023 2024 2025 2026

17 Notes: (1) CAGR: Compound Annual Growth Rate / average growth rate per year

Sources: Statista Consumer Market Outlook 2022

 With revenues of US$247.8bn, Mainland China ranks first in 2022
Consumer Market Outlook - Consumer Electronics (2/2)

Countries and territories ranked by market size in billion US$ CAGR(1) 2022-2026
247.8
Mainland China 1.1%
259.1
71.2
India 89.0 5.8%

Japan 34.3 -0.7%

33.4
23.0
Indonesia 25.2 2.3%
16.8
South Korea 17.3 0.7%
8.1
Vietnam 8.8 2.0%
7.3
Thailand 6.9 -1.5%
5.5
Malaysia 5.4 -0.6%
4.8
Taiwan 5.3 2.3%
2.5
Israel 2.6 0.5%

2022 2026

18 Notes: (1) CAGR: Compound Annual Growth Rate / average growth rate per year

Sources: Statista Consumer Market Outlook 2022

CHAPTER 03

Trade
 For Asian manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, the market
in Mainland China is most promising
Export Potential

Actual(1) and potential(2) exports of selected, relevant products(3) from Asia in Actual(1) and potential(2) exports of selected, relevant products(3) from Asia in
billion US$ by region billion US$ by country
1,216.0 532.0

399.0
267.0
768.0

305.0
447.0 439.0
134.0
241.0 231.0 265.0 110.0
448.0 60.0
95.0 96.0 76.0
206.0 35.0 208.0 94.0
42.0 56.0 40.0 12.0 74.0
53.0 23.0 34.0
South Asia Southeast East Asia Middle East East Europe EU & West Mainland China Hong Kong SAR Vietnam Singapore
Asia & Central Europe
Asia
Actual exports Untapped potential

20 Notes: (1) Average 2016-2020 (2) Estimation is based on the projected and actual supply, demand, and bilateral ease of trade (3) Data refers to products of the International Trade Centre (ITC) sector Electronic equipment

Sources: Intracen 2022; Statista 2022

CHAPTER 04

Investment
 From 2017 to 2021, Asia's share in global FDI flows increased by more than 8%
FDI Flows by Region

FDI(1) inflows in billion US$ FDI(1) outflows in billion US$

1,502 1,424 1,608
3.3% 1,379 1,511 0.4%
1,320 2.0% 0.5%
2.2% 3.2% 0.2%
5.4% 5.4% 0.8%
2.9% 31.5%
27.0% 1,058
2.9%
33.2%
32.3% 37.0% 0.8%
30.7% 841
818 0.5%
0.9% 666
2.6% 51.2% 34.6%
36.4% 1.0% 1.4%
35.2% 4.1%
30.2% 16.2% 52.8% -0.1%
31.3%
50.8% 59.6%
32.9%
-2.5% 33.2%
29.1%
10.9% 39.4% 56.3% 41.5%
32.3% 31.4% 14.6%
29.7%
31.7%
-10.9%
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Americas Europe Asia Africa Australia & Oceania

22 Notes: (1) Foreign direct investment

Data for country groupings is the sum of data for individual countries. For the classification of country groupings, see appendix. Depicted data is not industry-specific but covers all industries combined
Sources: UNCTAD 2022; Statista 2022
 From 2017 to 2021, Asia's share in global M&A purchases declined, while its
share in the global M&A sales increased
Cross-border M&A by Region

Cross-border M&A(1) by purchaser’s region in billion US$ Cross-border M&A(1) by seller’s region in billion US$

769 -0.2% 639 777 711

0.5% 0.2% 4.5%
623 675 1.8% 4.4%
14.1% 3.5% 12.7%
2.0% 0.5% -0.2%
0.4% 490
0.3% 451 12.1% 452 14.6%
445 15.1% 5.0%
2.6%
35.4% 4.1% 1.5%
44.0% 1.1%
-7.4% -1.0% 48.7% 0.7% 36.3%
34.1% 12.2%
29.2% 17.2% 40.1% 15.1%

39.5%
31.2%
39.2% 47.5% 55.4%

41.6% 51.4% 44.9%

40.9% 34.0%
42.3%
31.1% 34.8% 34.9% 26.2%

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Americas Europe Asia Africa Australia & Oceania

23 Notes: (1) Mergers and acquisitions

Data for country groupings is the sum of data for individual countries. For the classification of country groupings, see appendix. Depicted data is not industry-specific but covers all industries combined
Sources: UNCTAD 2022; Statista 2022
 Mainland China and Singapore are important economies for FDI and M&A
activities
FDI and M&A in Major Asian Economies

Asian economies with large FDI flows in billion US$ in 2021 Asian economies with large cross-border M&A in billion US$ in 2021

181.0 16.55
Mainland China Singapore 45.32
145.2
24.7 3.06
Japan 146.8 India 8.14
99.1 2.29
Singapore Israel 21.58
47.4
16.8 0.50
South Korea 60.8 Saudi Arabia 24.45
44.7 2.29
India Mainland China
15.5 4.31
20.7
United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates 1.52 6.08
22.5
19.3 0.28
Saudi Arabia Kuwait
23.9 4.08
Israel 29.6 Thailand 12.32
9.7 0.01
11.4 0.32
Thailand Bahrain
17.3 0.05
0.19
Indonesia 20.1 Kazakhstan
3.6 0.44
11.6 0.01
Malaysia Indonesia 0.95
4.7
0.01
Vietnam 15.7 Vietnam
0.3 0.47
Inflow Outflow Purchaser Seller

24 Notes: Depicted data is not industry-specific but covers all industries combined

Sources: UNCTAD 2022; Statista 2022

 Global FDI reached US$120.0 billion in the "electronics and electrical
equipment" sector in 2021
Global FDI and M&A by Sector

Greenfield FDI projects and cross-border M&A sales in billion US$ in 2021

Manufacturing 296.6
238.9
Electronics and electrical equipment 120.0
38.3
104.0
Information and communication 135.9
Energy and gas supply 90.0
9.5
Construction -1.2 49.3
34.2
Automotive
42.1
33.4
Transportation and storage 53.3
28.0
Chemicals
24.1 20.2
Trade 63.5
19.1
Food, beverages and tobacco
19.0 9.5
Pharmaceuticals 73.5
15.3
Finance and insurance 71.9
Textiles, clothing and leather 13.1
1.2
FDI M&A

25

Sources: UNCTAD 2022; Statista 2022

 Asian FDI projects in developing Asia were valued at $154.0 billion in 2021
FDI in Developing Asia by Partner and Sector

Announced greenfield FDI projects in developing Asia in billion US$ in 2021 Greenfield FDI projects in developing Asia in billion US$ in 2021

Growth rate Growth rate

Partner Value Sector Value
2020-2022 2020-2022
World 659 15% Total 154.0 -10%

Asia 154 -10% Primary 0.3 -63%

East Asia 40 7% Manufacturing 84.0 -17%

Mainland China 32 -1% Food, beverages and tobacco 5.0 34%

Taiwan 4 48% Electronics and electrical equipment 45.0 164%

South-East Asia 64 -7% Chemicals 11.0 -62%

Malaysia 25 241% Automotives 5.0 -55%

Singapore 13 97% Energy and gas supply 14.0 -17%

South-Asia 18 -30 Construction 8.0 52%

India 16 -34 Services 70.0 1%

Pakistan 1 n/a Trade 5.0 22%

West-Asia 29 -15 Information and communication 15.0 -4%

Saudi Arabia 10 -6 Transportation and storage 8.0 29%

United Arab Emirates 7 -19 Finance and insurance 6.0 -41%

26 Notes: For the classification of country groupings, see appendix

Sources: UNCTAD 2022; Statista 2022

 With US$50 billion, South-East Asia had the highest value for cross-border M&A
in 2021
M&A in Developing Asia by Partner and Sector

Cross-border M&A in developing Asia in billion US$ in 2021 Cross-border M&A in developing Asia in billion US$ in 2021

Growth rate Growth rate

Partner Sales Sector Sales
2020-2021 2020-2021
World 728 53% Total 100 33%
Developing Asia 100 33% Primary 25 119%
East Asia 11 -65% Extractive industries 25 130%
Mainland China 4 -78% Manufacturing 15 -33%
Taiwan 6 -39% Non-metallic mineral products 1 1,950%
South-East Asia 50 n/a Chemicals 11 n/a

Malaysia 0.4 28% Pharmaceuticals 2 -86%

Singapore 45 2,143% Utilities 5 4%

South-Asia 8 -71% Services 60 43%

India 8 -70% Transportation and storage 4 -19%

Pakistan n/a n/a Information and communication 36 172%

West-Asia 31 50% Financial and insurance 6 -46%

Saudi Arabia 24 6,720% Real estate 2 -76%

United Arab Emirates 2 -91% Professional services 5 1,512%

27 Notes: For the classification of country groupings, see appendix

Sources: UNCTAD 2022; Statista 2022

 Lower middle-income Asia has favorable FDI regulation in the "electric,
electronics and other instruments" sector
FDI Regulatory Restrictiveness (1/2)

FDI Regulatory Restrictiveness Index(1) in 2020 FDI Regulatory Restrictiveness Index(1) in 2020
0.23 0.20

0.19 0.17

0.16

0.13 0.12 0.12

0.12

0.09

0.05 0.05
0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03
0.01 0.01

Africa Americas Asia Australia Europe High income Upper middle- Lower middle- Low income
& Oceania economies income economies income economies economies
Electric, Electronics and other instruments
All sectors

28 Notes: (1) Measures the restrictiveness of a country’s FDI regulation, with 0 corresponding to least restrictive and 1 to most restrictive
Data for country groupings is made-up of the simple average of data for individual countries. For the classification of country groupings, see appendix
Sources: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2022; Statista 2022
 Asian economies have very different policies regarding FDI in the "electric,
electronics and other instruments" sector
FDI Regulatory Restrictiveness (2/2)

FDI Regulatory Restrictiveness Index(1) in 2020

0.37
0.35

0.27
0.26
0.22 0.21 0.21 0.21
0.19

0.15 0.15
0.13 0.14 0.14 0.13
0.12

0.08
0.07 0.06 0.06 0.06
0.05 0.05 0.04 0.04
0.03
0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01

Indonesia Laos Philippines Mongolia Mainland Kyrgyzstan Saudi Jordan Thailand Kazakhstan Tajikistan Vietnam Uzbekistan Israel Singapore
China Arabia

All sectors Electric, Electronics and other instruments

29 Notes: (1) Measures the restrictiveness of a country’s FDI regulation, with 0 corresponding to least restrictive and 1 to most restrictive

Sources: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2022; Statista 2022
CHAPTER 05

Companies
 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. registered the largest revenue in 2021
Selected Top Companies(1)

Rank Company(2) Total revenue in million US$ in 2021 No. of employees Headquarters

Samsung Electronics Co.,

1 Ltd.
245,932 267,937 South Korea

Hon Hai Precision Industry

2 Co., Ltd.
214,074 n.a. Taiwan

3 Lenovo Group Ltd. 71,618 75,000 Hong Kong SAR

Foxconn Industrial Internet

4 Co., Ltd.
68,067 191,970 China

5 Panasonic Corp. 67,435 240,198 Japan

Taiwan Semiconductor Co.,

6 56,681 n.a. Taiwan
Ltd.

7 Pegatron Corp. 45,234 n.a. Taiwan

8 Compal Electronics, Inc. 44,113 n.a. Taiwan

9 Quanta Computer, Inc. 40,304 n.a. Taiwan

10 Sk Hynix, Inc. 38,165 30,135 South Korea

31 Notes: (1) Data refers to Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products (ISIC code C26) (2) The selection of companies is based on their major revenue sources

Sources: Market data by Quandl and WBV 2022; Statista Company DB 2022
 In this industry, there are 137,644 companies with revenues above US$2 million
in Asia
Number of Companies (1/2)

Number of companies(1) by general industry in Asia in 2022 Number of companies(1) by sub-industry in Asia in 2022

Car Dealers, Wholesale & Retail Trade 3,669,438 Manufacturing: Food 213,521
Manufacturing: Machinery 193,270
Manufacturing 2,084,266
Manufacturing: Electrical Equipment 179,770
Construction 1,021,071 Manufacturing: Chemicals 143,934
Education 487,801 Manufacturing: Computers & Electronics 137,644
Real Estate 359,485 Banking & Finance 121,377
Warehousing & Storage 112,951
Administrative & Support Services 253,486
Manufacturing: Plastics & Rubber 110,177
Human Health & Social Work Services 210,576 Manufacturing: Textiles 95,505
Professional, Scientific & Technical Activities 151,087 Oil & Gas Extraction 90,485
Agriculture, Forestry & Fishing 147,789 Manufacturing: Automotive Industry 72,766
Manufacturing: Basic Metals 60,589
Information & Communication 147,195
Manufacturing: Apparel 56,673
Mining & Quarrying 105,167 Manufacturing: Leather & Shoes 38,806
Energy Supply 88,880 Manufacturing: Pharmaceuticals 32,863
Accommodation, Restaurants & Nightlife 51,749 Transportation: Land 32,174
Manufacturing: Beverages 30,179
Water Utility & Waste Management 32,658
Insurance 21,855
Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 25,672 Transportation: Water 10,497

32 Notes: (1) Mostly companies with revenues over 2 million US$. The selection of companies is based on their major sources of revenue

Sources: Market data by Quandl and WBV 2022; Statista Company DB 2022
 In Asia, Mainland China had the highest number of companies in this industry
Number of Companies (2/2)

Asian countries by highest number of companies in this industry(1), (2) in 2022

112,580

6,402 4,536 3,802 1,287 728 715 656 525 503 496 386 275 188 146 124 43 33 7

Philippines
India

Japan

Iran

Uzbekistan
Mainland China

Malaysia

Thailand

Saudi Arabia

Sri Lanka
Jordan

Pakistan
Indonesia

Bangladesh
South Korea

Qatar
Israel

Vietnam

Singapore
33 Notes: (1) Data Refers to "Manufacturing: Computers & Electronics" (ISIC code 26); (2) Mostly companies with revenues over 2 million US$. The selection of companies is based on their major sources of revenue

Sources: Market data by Quandl and WBV 2022; Statista Company DB 2022
CHAPTER 06

Employees and Salaries

 The number of employees in this industry increased by 30.96% from 2018 to
2020
Employment: Number of Employees

Number of employees in thousands(1) Geographic distribution in thousands in 2020(2)

+31.0%
2,329.1

1,957.7
1,778.4

2018 2019 2020 0 940 n.a.

35 Notes: (1) Reflects the data of Brunei Darussalam, India, Iran, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam (2) Industry employees in the countries displayed on the map

Sources: International Labour Organization 2022; Statista 2022

 In this industry, men tend to have higher average weekly working hours than
women
Employment: Weekly Hours Worked

Average weekly hours worked(1) per employee in 2020

54.8
51.1 46.6
48.5 44.1 45.2
46.7 47.8 45.9
45.5 46.1 45.7
43.6 44.6 44.6 43.5 44.3 44.6 44.6 43.9
42.8
41.4 41.4
40.0 39.2 37.9
36.5
33.8 34.6
30.8

Brunei India Iran Japan Malaysia Mongolia Myanmar Philippines Thailand Vietnam
Darussalam
Total Male Female

36 Notes: (1) Mean weekly hours actually worked; Data refers to Manufacturing (ISIC code C)

Sources: International Labour Organization 2022; Statista 2022

 In this industry, the average monthly wage was highest in Singapore
Salaries

Average salary in US$(1) in 2020

5,058
4,735

3,709

2,992
2,614

1,297 1,184 1,143

973 879
672 679
India

Japan

Thailand
Azerbaijan

Mongolia

Philippines

EU average(2)
Kyrgyzstan

Qatar

Vietnam

United States
Singapore
37 Notes: Data refers to Manufacturing (ISIC code C) (1) Converted into US$ using purchasing power parity (PPP) (2) Includes data of 14 EU countries

Sources: International Labour Organization 2022; Statista 2022

 Mainland China was less affected in terms of estimated lost working hours than
other Asian countries
COVID-19 Impact on Working Hours

Working hours lost in 2021 in %

17.4

12.7

8.8
8.0
6.8 6.6 6.7 6.3 6.3 6.6
6.1 5.6 5.7 5.8 6.2 5.6
5.2 5.1 5.2 5.5 5.1
4.8 4.6

0.8

Kyrgyzstan

Oman
India

Japan

Kuwait
Cambodia

Iran

United Arab
Mainland China

Malaysia

Sri Lanka
Indonesia

Nepal
Jordan

Laos

Pakistan
Bangladesh

Mongolia

Philippines

Emirates
South Korea

Qatar
Hong Kong SAR

Vietnam
Myanmar
38 Notes: For further details regarding the methodology used for the estimate, please refer to ILO Monitor: COVID-19 and the world of work, 8th edition

Sources: International Labour Organization 2022; Statista 2022

CHAPTER 07

Research and Development

 In terms of R&D expenditure as percentage of GDP, Israel is the regional top
performer with 5.45%
R&D Expenditure (1/2)

Expenditure on research and development as percentage of GDP in 2020

5.45
4.85

3.26

2.44

1.55
1.01
0.73
0.53 0.46 0.31 0.24 0.16 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.03
Japan

Oman

Kazakhstan

Kuwait
Saudi Arabia

Tajikistan

Uzbekistan

Iraq
Mainland China

Macao SAR

Azerbaijan

Mongolia
Indonesia

Kyrgyzstan
South Korea
Israel

Hong Kong SAR

Myanmar
United Arab Emirates

40 Notes: Data refers to the full R&D expenditure, it is therefore not industry specific but covers all industries

Sources: World Bank 2022; Statista 2022

 Over the years, Israel and South Korea have been battling for the top position in
R&D spending
R&D Expenditure (2/2)

Expenditure on research and development as percentage of GDP

5.5
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
(1)
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Mainland China Israel Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Oman Uzbekistan Kuwait
Hong Kong SAR Japan South Korea Mongolia Tajikistan Azerbaijan Macao SAR

41 Notes: (1) Statista estimate. Data refers to the full R&D expenditure. Hence it is not industry specific but covers all industries

Sources: World Bank 2022; Statista 2022

 In "Manufacturing: Computers & Electronics", businesses in China had the
highest R&D spending
R&D Spending

Total R&D spending(1) in million US$ in 2019 Expenses on R&D in million US$ in Asia-based companies(2) in 2020

63,556.6 Company Value

SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS (South Korea) 18,755.9

HON HAI (Taiwan) 3,174.5

HITACHI (Japan) 2,830.5

41,799.1
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC (Japan) 1,768.4

FUJIFILM (Japan) 1,411.9

26,679.4 25,618.8
RENESAS (Japan) 1,236.4

BYD (China) 1,232.6

TDK (Japan) 1,178.9

1,612.4 BOE TECHNOLOGY GROUP (China) 1,168.4

China South Korea Taiwan Japan Israel SUMITOMO ELECTRIC (Japan) 1,102.6

42 Notes: (1) Business enterprise R&D expenditure (BERD) (2) The companies depicted in the table belong to "Electronic & Electrical Equipment"

Sources: OECD 2022; European Commission 2021; Statista 2022

 In "Manufacturing: Computers & Electronics", Mainland China's businesses had
the most researchers employed
R&D Personnel

Research personnel(1) in businesses in Asian countries and territories in 2019

620,889.0

156,087.0
135,428.6
117,207.9

Mainland China Japan Taiwan South Korea

43 Notes: (1) Full-time equivalent

Sources: OECD 2022; Statista 2022

Appendix
 Authors

Leonie Senn-Kalb Jonas Sieveneck Marie Hölscher

Team Lead Reports Analyst Junior Analyst

l.senn@statista.com j.sieveneck@statista.com m.hoelscher@statista.com

As Team Lead for the Industry, Country, Global Jonas Sieveneck studied Political Science and As former working student, Marie joined the Statista
Business City, and In-Depth Reports since 2022, Leonie International Criminology in Marburg and Hamburg. Reports team as a Junior Analyst in April 2022.
Senn-Kalb specializes in economic and societal topics
His initial work experience at Statista was acquired as After studying economics and sociology at University
as well as market and industry insights. Additionally,
a student while completing his master’s degree. He of Hamburg, she is currently proceeding with her
she continues to carry out the tasks of her previous
has been a Junior Analyst since Autumn 2020 and master’s degree in Public and Nonprofit Studies,
role at Statista as Senior Project Manager, leading
works as an Analyst since January 2022. focusing on digitalization and cross-sector topics.
department-wide projects. Before that, she worked as
a consultant at EY for Transaction Advisory Services
with a focus on large carve-out and integration
projects.

45
www.statista.com
 Methodology, classification and data used in this report
Data Description and Methods (1/3)

Data sources

The Statista Industry Reports package and present quantitative data from many private and public sources of information. These sources include the OECD, World Trade
Organization, International Labour Organization, International Monetary Fund, INFORM, World Bank, UN Comtrade, Intracen, UNCTAD, Quandl, World Economic Forum,
European Commission, Oxford Economics, Conference Board, Institute of Economic and Social Research, Fitch Ratings, Kiel Institute, and Statista itself. The data sources
are indicated in footnotes throughout the report.

Classification of economic activities (ISIC Classification)

The classification of the economic activities in this report is based on the fourth revision of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC, Rev.4) of the United
Nations. Detailed information about the different classifications can be found here.

46
 Country groupings and correspondence of ISIC to relevant goods and services
Data Description and Methods (2/3)

Country groupings 72-83 Metals & products thereof; 85 and 87 Machinery & electrical products, 97 Art
works & antiques. The 4-digit and 6-digit groups are more specific than the 2-digit
Throughout the report, data for country groupings is calculated as the sum or the
groups. One specific ISIC activity might be relevant to products of several HS 2-, 4-,
average of data for individual countries. The groupings of countries by geographical
and 6-digit groups, and vice versa. A HS group is considered “relevant” to a specific
location follow the Statista Country Outlook. However, the groupings of countries
ISIC industry when all or a large part of the HS group is related to that ISIC industry.
by exports potential follow the Intracen. The groupings of Asian countries by
income follow the World Bank (June 2020 version) and the groupings by International trade in services is categorized into ten EBOPS groups: 01
development status follow the UNCTAD. Transportation; 02 Travel; 03 Communication services 04 Construction services; 05
Insurance services; 06 Financial services; 07 Computer & information services; 09
Correspondence of ISIC and international trade to relevant goods and
Other business services; 10 Personal, cultural, and recreational services. One
services
specific ISIC activity might be relevant to services of some EBOPS groups, and vice
The selection of relevant goods or services corresponding to a specific ISIC industry versa. An EBOPS group is considered “relevant” to a specific ISIC industry when all
follows the correspondence tables published by the United Nations Statistics or a large part of the EBOPS group is related to that ISIC industry.
Division for ISIC 4, CPC (Central Product Classification) 2, HS 2007-2017, and EBOPS
For the data that does not indicate the coding system, the selection of relevant
2010.
products is based on the original sources.
International trade in goods is categorized into 97 HS 2-digit groups: 01-05 Animal
& animal products; 06-15 Vegetable products; 16-22 Other Food & beverages; 29-39
Chemicals & allied industries; 39-40 Plastics & rubbers; 42 Leather articles & related
products; 50-63 Textiles & wearing apparel; 64 Footwear;

47
 About the forecasting methods
Data Description and Methods (3/3)

Depending on the availability of data and the quality of the data time range, the
following methods were used to prepare forecasts: trend analysis (moving average Forecasting methods

analysis, second-order statistical smoothing and multiplier analysis), linear

regressions as well as subjective estimates. These estimates reflect years of
Quantitative Qualitative time-series
industry expertise and vast know-how.
time-series analysis analysis
Industry-specific sales, revenue and shipment calculations were made according to
the relevant economic and business indicators, such as:
Causal Trend Press reports, industry
• The general macro-economic developments within the economy (gross domestic
processes projections expertise, expert
product)
assessments, etc.
• Foreign trade developments (import and export numbers)
Second Order
Regression Statistical
analysis Smoothing

Moving average
analysis

Multiplier
analysis

48
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53