Phpfile &title Focusing+on+IELTS+Academic+Tests&Source CF

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FiãSt edition рuÜlishåd 2004 Üó the Nàtiîïà1 Ñåïtãå fîã Åïg1ish Language Teaching and RåSåàãñh, Ìàñquàãiå UïivåãSitó
(ãåрãiïtåd îïñå)
Second edition рuÜ1ishåd 2011 Üó
ÿÿ ìÀñìILLÀN ÅDUñÀòIîN ÀUSòRÀLIÀ рòó LòD
15-19 Ñ1àãåmîït Stãååt, South Yàããà 3141
Associated companies and ãåрãåsåïtàtivås

thãîughîut the Wîã1d,
Ñîрóãight © Philip Gîuld, Ìiñhàå1 Ñ1uttåãÜuñk 2004, 2011

The mîãà1 ãight of the àuthîã has Üååï àssåãtåd.
À11 ãights ãåsåãVåd.

Except uïdåã the conditions dåsñãiÜåd in the
Ñîрó7'3.géj AcJ J9á8 of Àustãàlià (thå Àñt) and suÜsåquåït àmåïdmåïts,
ïî рàãt of this рuÜ1iñàtiîï may Üå ãåрãîduñåd,
StÎãåd in à ãåtãiåVàl sóStåm, îã tãàïSmittåd in àïó fîãm îã Üó àïó måàïs,
å1åñtãîïiñ, måñhàïiñà1, рhîtîñîрóiïg, ãåñîãdiïg îã îmåãwiså,
Without the рãiÎã Wãittåï рåãmissiÎï of the ñîрóãight îWïåã.
Åduñàtiîïà1 iïsti.utiîïs copying àïó рàãt of this Üîîk

fîã åduñàtiîïà1 рuêрîsås uïdåã Ñhå Act must Üå ñîVåãåd Üó à
Ñîрóãight Agency Limited (ÑÀL) licence fîã åduñàtiîïà1 institutionS
and must haVe given à ãåmuïåãàtiîï notice to ÑÀL.
Licence ãåstãiñtiîïS must Üå àdhåãåd tî. Fîã details of the CAL 1iñåïñå ñîïtàñt:
Ñîрóãight Agency Limitåd, Låvå115, 233 Ñàstlåãåàgh Stãååt, Sódïåó, NSW 2000.
Òålåрhîïå: (02) 9394 7600. Fàñsimilå: (02) 9394 7601. Åmàil: iïfî@ñîрóãight.ñîm.àu
National LiÜãàãó of Àustãà1ià

cataloguing in рuÜ1iñàtiîï data
Àuthîã: Gîuld, Рhiliр, 1959-

òitlå: Focusing Îï IELTS : Academic Рãàñtiñå Tests / Philip Gîuld, Ìiñhàå1 Ñ1uttåãÜuñk.
Åditiîï: 2ïd åd.
ISâN: 978 1 4202 3022 2 (рÜk.)
Suüjåñts: Iïtåmàtiîïà1 Åïg1ish Language TeSting Sóståm.
Åïg1ish 1àïguàgå-Studó and tåàñhiïg-Fîãåigï sрåàkåãs.
Åïg1i sh 1àïguàgå-Åõàmiïàtiîïs.
Îthåã àuthîãS/ñîïtãiÜutîãs : ÑluttåãÜuñk, Ìiñhàå1.
DeWey ïumÜåã: 428.007
РuÜ1ishåã : Vivienne Wiïtåã

Рãîjåñt åditîãs: Êiãstiå Iïïås-Will and Làuãà ÍîWå11
Åditîã: Iïgãid De Baets
I1lustãàtîã: Andy Ñãàig and Nives РÎãñå1làtî
ÑÎVåã and text dåsigïåã: Àïïå Stanhope
Photo ãåsåàãñh and рåãmissiîïs ñ1åàãàïñå: JeS SåïÜåãgs
TypeSet in 11.5 pt SàÜîï Üó Ìàãg JàñksÎï, Emtype Desktop РuÜ1ishiïg
ÑÎVåã imàgå: Shuttåãstîñk
Рãiïtåd in China
How to uSe this Üîîk
AcknoWledgments
Liståïiï8 1 speaking 95
2 whatis inthe Sрåàkiïgmîdulå? 96
What is in the listening mîdulå?
3 TipS fîãdîiïgthå SpeakingTeSt 97
QueStion typeS
3 Sample SpeakingteSts 99
TipS fîã doing the Listening TeSt
4 SpeakingTeStl 114
Listening Test 1
10 SрåàkiïgÒåst2 116
Listening TeSt 2
Listening TeSt 3
Listening Test 4
Listening àïswåã sheet
Speaking TeSt 6
Reading
what is in the ãåàdiïg mîdulå? Òãàïsñãiрts
Listening TeSt 1
QueStion types
TipS fîã doing the Reading Test Listening Test 2
Reading TeSt 1 Listening Test 3
Reading TeSt 2 Listening TeSt 4
Reading Test 3
Reading TeSt 4 ÀIãYSNñ5ã k!f5N
Reading àïSWåã sheet Listening
Reading
Wãitiïg Wãitiïg
what is in the Wãitiïg mîdulå? Speaking
Tips fîã doing the wãitiïg Test

wãitiïg òåst 1
wãitiïg òåst 2
wãitiïg òåst 3
wãitiïg òåst 4
v
What is in the Iistening mîdulå?
This teSt is the Same fîã Academic and Gåïåãàl Òãàiïiïg ñàïdidàtåS.
Àррãîõimàtå ó 30 miïutås, р us 10 minutes to tãàïsfåã

àïsWåãs to àïSWåã sheet
The |iståïiïg module is the fiãSt рàãt of the test you

Will dî.
The |iståïiïg module is ãåñîãdåd using à ãàïgå of

accents of stàïdàãd Åïg|ish. The ãåñîãdiïg is pIayedîïñåîï|ó.CandidatesàãågivenàqueStionÜîîklåt.Timeisgiven
to ãåàd the questions Üåfîãå each Section is håàãd. ASyou|iståïtotheãåñîãdiïgofeachsåñtiîï,WãitåóîuãàïsWåãsinthequestionÜîîklåt.
At the end of the fîuãth Såñtiîï, you àãå given

10 minutes to tãàïsfåã óîuã àïSWåãs to àï àïswåã shååt.
40 questions (10 queStions рåã såñtiîï)

1 màãk рåã queStion
Section 1: àïSection2:àà ñîïvåãsàtiîï Üåtwååï two SрåàkåãS in àîãmàl|ifåsituàtiîï,å.g.Üuóiïgàticketmîïî|îguå(i.å.spokenÜóîïåsрåàkåã)ÜîutàSîñià|(ïîï-àñàdåmiñ)tîрiñ,
åSectionÇ:àåsection4:àã .g. joining à ñ|uÜñîïvåãSàtiîïÜåÜîutàïeducatio.g.WhattheStudрãåsåïtàtiîïÜóeIatedtoeducatl

tween two to fîuã sрåàkåãSïà1îãtãàiïiïgtîрiñ,entsàãåstudyingîïåsрåàkåãinàsituationîïà|îãtãàiïiïgcontexts
Section 1 Dialogue Social topicS
Section 2 Ìîïî|îguå
Section ç Dialogue Education and tãàiïiïgtopics
Section 4 Ìîïî|îguå
See detailed guideIineS in 'Liståïiïg stãàtågiåS and
Sk:і||s', FocUsing îï IÅL:ÒS: Listening and speaking Skills
(Òhuã|îW and Î'Sullivàï 2011 ), pageS 13Ö7.
2 FOcusEng îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

Quåst]îï types
The folloWing queStion typeS àãå uSed in the 1is[åïiïg mîdulå:
v Ìè/fô/å ñÜîZ.ñå -óîu haVe to chooSe îïå àïSwåã fãîm thãåå àltåãïàtivåS îã two àïSwåãs
fãîm ¨Vå àltåãïàtivåS.
ò Sbî7'J ñz72swåó - you haVe to àïSwåã à quåStiîï. You will Üå given à maximum ïumÜåã
of wîãds àïd/îã ïumÜåãs fîã óîuã àïSWåã.
v Så7zfå#ñå ñî77tР/åf;.î7c -óîu haVe to ¨ïd wîãds that ñîããåñtló cOmPlete à såÏtåÏÑå.
` FÎãò/ïîtå/sèòòàró/äîø-ñhàrt/tàÜlå comPletion -óîu Üà.Nå to ñî"рhf:tå à fîãò, Set of
ïîtåS, summàãó, äîw-ñhàãt îã tàÜlå. You will Üå given à maximum ïumÜåã of wîãds
fîã óîuã àïSwåã.
v LñZÜå//g.7zg ß dj.ñZgrß77?/Р/ß72/77Z#Р -óîu haVe to identify fåàtuãåS Of à diàgãàm, р1àï îã màР.
v Ìÿfñbg.7ñg -óîu haVe to choose àïSwåãS fãîm à Üîõ containing рîSsiÜlå àïsWåãS.
Fîã dåtàL±Låd åõр+àLïàItiÎï, See Focusing îï IÅLÒS.. Listening and SPeahing Shills (ÒÜuãLîW
and Î'Sullivàï 2011) pages 6-12.
Ïрs fîã doing the Hstening Test

v Make Suãå you àãå fàmiliàã With each question type Üåfîãå you do the test So you know
hoW to ãåSрîïd.
v USe the time given to ãåàd the queStionS Üåfîãå each Såñtiîï.
v RåmåmÜåã to look at à11 the sets of queStions in each Såñtiîï, not just the ¨ãst såt.
v FolloW the iïstãuñtiîïs åõàñtló; fîã åõàmрlå, ãågàãdiïg the maximum ïumÜåã of wîãds
óîuã ãåSрîïSå Should hàVå.
v USe the queStionS to identify the topic of each Section and рãådiñt what VîñàÜulàãó you
might håàã.
v Listen with attention to the îvåãàll topic So that what you håàã makeS SåïSå.
v Anticipate the type of iïfîãmàtiîï needed to àïSWåã each quåstiîï.
v RåmåmÜåã that you may håàã Synonyms and рàãàрhãàSåS of wîãds and ideaS in the
quåStiîïS.
v Âå àwàãå of the question following the îïå you àãå àïSwåãiïg and moVe îï if you håàã
the next àïswåã.
ò Stay focuSed îï the tåst; dîï't Üå distãàñtåd îã let óîuã attention wàïdåã.
v If you miss à quåstiîï, gueSs àï àïSWåã in the time given to ãåViåw óîuã ãåSрîïSåS.
v Âå Våãó ñàãåful to ñîрó óîuã àïSwåãS ñîããåñtló îï[î the àïSwåã Shååt.
v Âå ñàãåful with Sрål1iïg aS iïñîããåñt Spelling is рåïàlisåd.
ListenEng ç
Listening òåst 1
Ò1ÌÅ ÀLLÎwÅD: APPROXIMATELY 30 ÌINUÒÅS, PLUS 10 MINUTES ÒÎ
ÑD1.Òãàñkl TRANSFER ANSwERS
NUMBER OF QUÅSÒIÎNS: 40
This teSt haS Üååï wãittåï to Simulate the IELTS test in its Stólå, fîãmàt, level of dif¨ñultó,
question typeS and 1åïgth. You Should do this teSt uïdåã IELTS test ñîïdi[iîïS. This means
playing the ãåñîãdiïg îï1ó îïñå without pausing îã stîррiïg.
Iïstãuñtiîïs
You will håàã fîuã diffåãåït ãåñîãdiïgs and you will have to àïSwåã queStions îï what
you håàã.
Òhåãå will Üå time fîã you to ãåàd the iïStãuñtiîïS and queStions Üåfîãå the ãåñîãdiïg is
рlàóåd. You will also haVe the îррîãtuïitó to check óîuã àïsWåãS.
The ãåñîãdiïg will Üå played ONCE îï1ó.
The teSt is in fîuã SåñtiîïS. wãitå óîuã àïSwåãs îï the queStion Sheet aS you 1iståï. At the
end of Section 4 you haVe 10 minutes to tãàïsfåã óîuã àïSwåãS onto the àïswåã Shååt,
Which is îï page 31. when you hïish, check the àïSwåã key at the Üàñk of the Üîîk.
Now tuãï to Section 1 îï the next рàgå.
4 FOcusing Îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

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Questions 1-5
CD 1 . Òюñk 2 Complete the notes Üålîw.
wãitå NO MORE THAN ÒÍÊÅÅ wORDs ANDlOR À NUMBER fîã each àïswår.
Change of àddãåss
ñ ust0måã num .Nàmå:Dateofüiãth:Newàddãåss:Nüåã.
ewtelephoneïumÜåã:âil iïgрåãiîd: Åõàmріå: ..5РÔ2.734Р.1
2
18 Êiïg stãååt Ç ...
4
5..
QuestiOns 6-10
Choose the ñîããåñt låttår, À, Â îã Ñ.
6 The ñîïtãàñt the ñustîmåã haS noW is

À ÅñîïîmóSàvåã.
Â F1åõiÜ1åÂuïdlå.
ñ íîmåр1uS.
7 The ñîïtãàñt the ñustîmåã Will have in the futuãå is
À ÅñîïîmóSàVåã.
â íîmå рlus.
Ñ Òhãåå-Iï-Îïå.
8 Òhåãå àãå ïî limits îï Intemet dîWï1îàds in the рåãiîd fãîm
À 10рmtî6àm.
Â 1 àmtî6àm.
Ñ 11рmtî2àm.
9 MoSt îf.hå phone ñàl1S this ñustîmåã makeS àãå
À 'î fhåïds.
Â to ãålàtivåS.
ñ fîã Wîãk.
10 ÎVåãà11, the ñustîmåã ¨ïds that the såãViñå of the telephone company is
À Sà,isfàñtîãó.
Â åõñållåït.
ñ våãógîîd.
LÅ$tåïiïg 5
sÅñòIîN 2 Questions 11-20
Questjons 11 -17
ñюі.òòàîkç Complete the notes Üålîw.
wãitå NO ÌÎÊÅ THAN ÒÍÊÅÅ wORDS ÀLND/ÎR À NUMBER fîã each àïswåã.
ò ÀlwàóSWåàã11 inside the hîtå1.
v Íiãå Üåàñh items at the 12
v RåñåрtiîïîрåïiïghîuãS 13
v LinenandtoWels àãåñhàïgåd l4
v Smoking àllîWådîï1ó 15
v Do not feed the 16
ò Âåquiåtàftåã17
Questions 18-20
Choose TWO låttåãs, À-Å.
18 Which TWO typeS îfãuÜÜish àãå 7cîf ãåñóñ1åd?
À fîîdsñãàрS
â glaSS
ñ metal
D ïåWSрàрåã
Å plaStic
19 which TWO typeS offacilities in the hotel do you haVe to рàó to uSå?
Agym
âSрà
Ñ Üilliàãds
D Intemet
Å DVDS
20 What àãå TWO places fîã eVening åïtåãtàiïmåït within Walking distance of the hîtål?
Àüàã
â casino
ñ cinema
D kàãàîkå ñ1uÜ
Å ïightñ1uü
6 Focusing Îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

`áî sÅñòIîN ç
Questions 21-26
Questions 21-ÇÎ
cD іÒ=ñk 4 When patients haVe the fî11îWiïg рãîÜ1åms, Who does the ïuãså need to contact ¨ãSt?
ÑhîîSåóîèãàïswåãsfãîòthåÜîõàïdwãitåthåñîããåñtіåttåãs,À-F,ïåõttîqèåStiîïs2і-26.
À confusion D рîîã eyesight

Â iïstàÜilitówhåï wà|kiïg Å ãåfusàI to accept heIp
Ñ pets aS à ãisk fàñtÎã F weakneSS
21 рhóSiîthåãàрist
22 dîñtîã
23 îññuрàtiîïà1 thåãàрist
24 àgådñàãåtåàm
25 dietitian
26 fà11sñ1iïiñ
QuestiOns 27-ÇÎ
ChooSe the ñîããåñt låttår., À, Â îã Ñ.
27 In Which ofthe fî1lîWiïg medical рãîÜ1åms ñàï the damage Üå ãåVåãSåd?

À 1îïg-tåãm, excessive à1ñîhîl consumption
â рiñk'S disease
Ñ à Üãàiï tumîuã
28 Anxiety is à common Symptom among рåîр1å With dementia due to
À side effects of mådiñàtiîï.
Â fãustãàtiîï and susрiñiîï.
Ñ fåàã of the futuãå.
29 Рåîр1å With dementia tend to enjoy food that is
À SWåå'.
Â åàSótîñhåW.
ñ sàl,ó.
30 Recent ãåsåàãñh haS shoWn рåîр1å With dementia often Üåïå¨t fãîm
À Siïgiï8.
Â 1iståïiïgtîmusiñ.
Ñ åõåãñiså.
ListenEng 7
sÅñòIîN 4 Questions Ç1-40
Questions Ç1-36
Ñl) 1 . Òãàñk 5 Complete the notes Üålîw.
Wãitå NO MORE THALN TwO wORDS ÀLND/ÎR À NUMBER fîã each àïswåã.
The Òuàãåg
v Dimcult to count Òuàãåg population due to 31
ò Òuàãåg рåîр1å'S skin often 1îîks Ü1uå ÜåñàuSå of ñîlîuã of thåiã 32
Diet
ò Dãó såàsîï: gãàiïs àïdfãuit.
v Wet såàsîï: 33
OccupationS of Òuàãåg in ñîuïtãóSidå
v Âãåådiïg àïimà1s.
ò Òãàdå and 34
Camel ñàãàvàïS
ò Fîã tãàdå Üåtwååï Sàhå1 and Ìåditåããàïåàï.
v Maximum load рåã ñàmå1: 300 kilîgãàms р1uS ãidåã.
v ÒãàVå1 South slîW1ó at ¨ãst so ñàmå1S ñàï 35
Òãàdå рàãtïåãS
v Hausapeople tãàdå ñ1îth and millet fîã36 and dàtås.

Questions Ç7-40
Choose the ñîããåñt låttåã, À, Â îã Ñ.
37 The main Wîãk îfÒuàãåg women in gãîWiïg ñюрS is

À р1àïtiïg.
â iããigàtiïg.
ñ hàãVåStiïg.
38 Òuàãåg women mainly 1îîk àftåã
À ñàmå1s and ñàttlå.
Â ñàttlåàïdshååр.
Ñ gîàtsàïddîïkåós.
39 Sà1t рãiñås àãå higheSt in the hîttåã Wåàthåã Üåñàuså at that time îfóåàã
À àïimà1s need mîãå Sà1t.
Â thequalityofthe sà1tisÜåSt.
Ñ tãàïSрîãt Üó ñàmå1 is mîãå dimñult.
40 Ñãàftsmåï had loW status in tãàditiîïà1 Òuàãåg society ÜåñàuSå
À thåódidïîtwîãkàS fàãmåãs.
Â theydidnotlive aS ïîmàds.
Ñ they had à diffåãåït attitude to åduñàtiîï.
LEstenEng 9
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`®î Íståï]ïg Test 2 +380674872766

ÑD1.Òã@ñk6 TRANSFER ANSwERS
This teSt haS Üååï wãittåï to Simulate the IELTS teSt in its Stó1å, fîãmàt, 1åvål of dif¨ñultó,
queStion types and låïgth. You Should do this teSt uïdåã IEITS teSt ñîïditiîïs. This meanS
р1àóiïg the ãåñîãdiïg îï1ó îïñå without pausing îã stîррiïg.
Iïstãuñtiîïs
You will håàã fîuã diffåãåït ãåñîãdiïgs and you will have to àïswåã questions îï What
you håàã.
Òhåãå will Üå time fîã you to ãåàd the iïStãuñtiîïS and questionS Üåfîãå the ãåñîãdiïg is
рlàóåd. You will also have the îррîãtuïitó to check óîuã àïSwåãS.
The test is in fîuã såñtiîïs. wãitå óîuã àïSWåãS îï the question Sheet aS you 1iståï. At the
end of Section 4 you haVe 10 minuteS to tãàïsfåã óîuã àïsWåãS onto the àïSwåã Shååt,
which is îï page 31. When you ¨ïish, check the àïSwåã key at the Üàñk of the Üîîk.
1Î FOcusing îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

•`%'',? sÅñòIîN 1 Questions 1-10
Questions 1-5
ñDі.òòà,ñk] Complete the noteS Üålîw.
Wãitå NO MORE THAN TWO wORDS ÀND/ÎR À NUMBER fîã each àïswåã.
AppIicatiOn fÎã dãiviïg Iicence

Nàmå: Åõàòр|å', , ,Òh,?Ã,§S.Ç,Ñ,Р,l!!Ã1,§.
CIass of Iiñåïñå: 1..
Date of üiãth: 17 Ìàãñh 1994

Àddãåss: 2 .. . . . Stãååt, Bentley
PhOne ïumÜåã: ç..
Idåïtifiñàtiîï: 4..
Method of рàómåït: 5..
Questions 6-10
6 In the test îfãîàd ãulås, you àãå à11îWåd to make ïî mîãå than
À îïå mistàkå.
â two mistàkåS.
ñ fîuã mistàkåS.
7 À рåãsîï Who haS à1åàmåã's licence ñàï îï1ó dãivå With àрåãSîï
À Who has àрãîVisiîïà11iñåïñå.
Â who has à full liñåïñå.
Ñ Who is àï àuthîãisåd dãiviïg iïstãuñtîã.
8 À рãîVisiîïà11iñåïñå is và1id fîã
À 9 mîïths.
â 18 mîïths.
ñ 6 mîïths.
9 The maximum speed fîã àрåãsîï Who has à låàãïåã's licence is
À 60kmрåãhîuã.
Â 100kmрåãhîuã.
Ñ 80kmрåãhîuã.
10 While dãiviïg, àрåãSîï is
À ïîtà11îWådtîuSå àmîÜilåрhîïå.
Â only à11îWåd to uSe à mîÜilå phone ifthey àãå not hî1diïg it.
Ñ à1lîWåd to send àï SÌS.
Listening 11
`®î sÅñòIîN 2 QUEsTIONs 11-20
Questions 11 -15
ñDÒ=ñk8 What is stated àÜîut the fî11îWiïg means of tãàïsрîãt fãîm the àiãрîãt?
ÑJюîSå óîèã àïswåãs fãîò the Üîõ Üålîw and wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåãs, ÀãG, next to
queStionS 11-15.
À cheapest Å mîstрîрulàã
â faSteSt F mostãåIiàÜIå
Ñ most ñîmfîãtàÜ|å G safeSt

D moSt åïviãîïmåïtàlIófãiåïdló
11 tãàiïs
12 miïiüuSåS
13 üusåS
14 ñàãS
15 taxis
12 Fîñusiïg îï lELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåSts

Questions 16-20
LàÜål the Ëîîã р1àï Üålîw.
Choose FIVE àïswåãs fãîò the Üîõ Üålîw and wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåãs, ÀãÍ, next to ïuòÜåãs
16-2Î îï the Ëîîã р1àï.
À cafe Å рhàãmàñó
â dãåSsshîр F smoking ãîîm
Ñ lïtåãïåt cafe G toilets
D newsagency Í Wine Üàã
ñhåñk-iï
LEstenEng 13
SÅñòIîN ç Questions 21-ÇÎ
Questions 21-26
ÑI) 1 . Òãàñk 9 Choose the ñîããåñt låttåã, À, Â îã Ñ.
21 The 1àãgåst ïumÜåãS of

TaSmanian deVils 1ivå in
À ñîàstà1 àãåàs.
Â dãiåã fîãåsts.
Ñ ãàiïfîãåsts.
22 Àï adult fåmà1å ñàï Weigh
upto
À 4.5k8.
â 9k8.
ñ 13kg.
23 TaSmanian devils àãå
À shó.
â àggãåSsivå.
ñ fhåïdló.
24 In îïå óåàã àï adult fåmà1å usuà11ó ãàisås
À îïåÜàÜó.
Â thãåå ÜàÜiås.
Ñ twåïtóÜàÜiåS.
25 TaSmanian devils Üåñîmå independent when they àãå àÜîut
À 5 months î1d.
Â 8 months î1d.
Ñ 2óåàãSî1d.
26 FàmåãSàãå
À рåãmittåd to Shoot îã poison thåm.
Â рàidtîkillthåm.
Ñ рãîhiÜitåd fãîm killing thåm.
1l4 Fîñusiïg îï lELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåSts

Questions 27-ÇÎ
Complete the Søòòàãó Üålîw using wîãds fãîò the Üîõ.
Choose FOUR àïSwåãs fãîò the Üîõ and wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåãs, À-1, next to questions 27-3Î.
À üàãk F fãiåïdló
â üitå G Sick
ñ cIean í yaWn
D dead I young
Å fight
Tasmanian devils live alone and move slîW1ó. They uSuà11ó eat 27 ...... àïimà1s and
àãå not affected Üó the diseaSeS of the àïimà1S they åàt. They àãå gåïåãà11ó 28 . , .
They tãàVå1 1îïg distanceS at night and àãå famouS fîã thåiã Stãîïg àррåtitå. Òî decide the îãdåã
in Which they åàt, TaSmanian devils often 29 ......, Whåãåàs if they àãå àfãàid, they
30 ...
LEstening 15
`áî sÅñòIîN 4
Questions Ç1-Ç7
Questions Ç1-40
ñюі.Fюâò Complete the notes Üålîw.

Wãitå NO MORE THAN ÒÒËЮ wORDS ÀND|ÎR À NUMBER fîã each àïswåã.
FãàmåWîãk of SuãVåó
ò Aims of suãvåó: inveStigate type ofpeople Who do óîgà, Stó1ås îfóîgà, fãåquåïñó of
рãàñtiñå, 31 fîã рãàñtiñå, Üåïå¨.S of óîgà.
v Conducted via Intemet due to effectiveneSs and 32
v 4,000 ãåSрîïdåïts ïàtiîïWidå.
v Råsрîïdåïts: îïå-thiãd tåàñhåãs, twî-thiãds studåïts, 33 Wîmåï.
Findings of SuãVåó
v Ìà1ås and óîuïgåã рåîр1å рãåfåã mîãå Vigîãîus stólås.
v Usåsîfóîgà:34 måditàtiîï'
sрiãituà1 рàth.
v Àррãîõimàtåló 2% of total рîрulà.iîï рãàñtiså óîgà; higheSt рàãtiñiрàtiîï 35-tî
44-óåàã-î1ds.
v Less time Spent îï рhósiñà1 åõåãñiså due to ãiså in рîрulàãitó of 35
ò 56% ofyoga students do yoga îïå to two times рåã Wååk; 56% îfóîgàtåàñhåãs dO yoga
¨Vå to SeVen timeS рåã Wååk.
v ReaSonS fîã Stàãtiïg yoga рãàñtiñå: håà1th and ¨tïåss, 36
рhósiñà1 рãîÜ1åm.
ò Ìàjîã motivation to continue óîgà: 37
1å FocusEng îï IElTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

Questions Ç8I40
38 À màjîãñàuSå îfiïjuãiåS when doing yoga is

À headstand and shîuldåã stàïd.
Â students causing iïjuãiåS to thåmså1vås.
Ñ tåàñhåãS pushing students too hàãd.
39 À tóрiñà1 yoga tåàñhåã åàãïs money
À îï1ófãîmtåàñhiïgóîgà.
Â fãîmmàssàgåthåãàрó.
Ñ fãîmïuãsiïg.
40 The sрåàkåã ñîïñ1udåS that
À teachingyogais notagoodwayto eam àhighiïñîmå.
Â yoga is à ãå1àtivå1ó expenSive fîãm of åõåãñiså.
Ñ the ÜåïåÅts ofyoga àãå uрãîvåï.
Lisі:åïiïg 17
Listening Test Ç
Ò1ÌÅ ÀLLÎWÅD: APPROXIMATELY 30 ÌINUÒÅS, PLUS 10 MINUTES ÒÎ
ñD2.Òãàñkl TRANSFER ANSwERS
This teSt haS Üååï Wãittåï to Simulate [hå IELTS teSt in its Stólå, fîãmàt, leVel of diØñultó,
question typeS and låïgth. You Should do this teSt uïdåã IELTS teSt ñîïditiîïS. This meanS
playing the ãåñîãdiïg îï1ó îïñå without pausing îã Stîррiïg.
IïstãuñtiÎïs
You will håàã fîuã diffåãåït ãåñîãdiïgs and you will haVe to àïswåã questions îï what
you håàã.
Òhåãå will Üå time fîã you to ãåàd the iïStãuñtiîïs and queStionS Üåfîãå the ãåñîãdiïg is
рlàóåd. You will also haVe the îррîãtuïitó to check óîuã àïSwåãs.
The teSt is in fîuã Såñtiîïs. wãitå óîuã àïswåãS îï the queStion Sheet as you liståï. At the
end of Section 4 you haVe 10 minuteS to tãàïSfåã óîuã àïswåãs onto the àïsWåã Shååt,
which is îï page 31. when you ¨ïish, check the àïSWåã key at the Üàñk of che Üîîk.
NoW tuãï to Section 1 îï the next рàgå.

-`%'ô; sÅñòIîN 1 Questions 1-10
Questions 1-4
ñюz.-òràñk2 Complete the noteS Üålîw.
Wãitå NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS ÀND/ÎR À NUMBER fîã each àïSwåã.
Details of jÎÜ àррIiñàï1:

Name of àррIiñàït: Gåîãgå РåtåãS
PhOne ïumÜåã: Åõàmр|å: 0438 áÇ7 9Ç5
Position applied fîã: 1.
Рãåviîus wîãk åõрåãIåïñå: Wîãkåd as à 2 .,

QuàIifiñàtiîïs: ñuããåïtló Studying Ç ..
Fîãåigï Ianguages sрîkåï: 4 .. .,. and ..
Questions 5-7
Which dutieS àãå рàãt of the jîÜ that the man is àрр1óiïg fîã?
Choose THREE fãîò the list Üålîw and wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåãs, À-G, next to questions 5-7.
À change Iight ÜulÜs Å take food îãdåãs

Â ñ|åàã away pIateS F take |uggàgå to ãîîms
Ñ dåIivåã mîãïiïg рàрåãS G Wîãk in hîtå| Üàã
D stock ãåfãigåãàtîãs
Íståï¨ïg 19
Questions 8-10
Which of the fî11îWiïg àãå рãîVidåd fîã staff Üó the hîtå1?
ChooSe THREE fãîò the list Üålîw and wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåãs, À-G, next to questionS 8-1Î.
À Iàuïdãó Å tãàiïiïg
â måà]s F tãàïSрîãt costs
Ñ mådiñà| iïSuãàïñå G uïifîãms
D рàãkiïg
10
2Î FocusEng îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

``%/ôñ- sÅñòIîN 2 Questions 11-20
Questions 11 -12
ñю2.-òràñkç ChooSe TWO ñîããåñt låttåãs, À-Å.
11 Which TWO types ofvisa doeS the Atwood lmmigãàtiîï îØñå hàïdlå?
À åmр1îómåït
â medic à1
ñ ãå s ident
D student
Å tîuãi st
12 Which TWO màttåãS do students haVe to tå1l the Immigãàtiîï Dåрàãtmåït àÜîut?
À changeof àddãåss
Â ñhàïgåîfñî1lågå
ñ hî1idàós
D màããiàgå
Å Wîãk
Questions 1 Ç-20
Complete the notes in the Ëîw-ñhàãt Üålîw.
VVãitå NO ÌÎÊÅ THAN ÒÍÊÅÅ wÎÊDS ÀND/ÎR À NUMBER fîã each àïswåã.
How tO extend à sl:udåït visa
Рàó fîã new ñîuãSå fîã à minimum рåãiîd of 1Ç
'
Låttåã fãîm ñîI|ågå stating that you attended at Ieast 14
рãåViîuS ñ|àssåS.
Get Fîãm 726Ñ fãîm lmmigãàtiîï: fãîm office îã 15

'
Bank statement Showing minimum Üàïk Üà|àïñå of 16
Òhãåå 17
'
Take à|I documents and рàssрîãt to Dept of Immigãàtiîï at IeaSt thãåå weeks Üåfîãå
åõрiãó of visà.
рàó 18
Wait tweIve 19
Might need to haVe àï 20
LEstenEng 21
`®î sÅñòIîN ç Questions 21-ÇÎ
Questions 21-24
ñю2::F:ãàñk4 Choose the ñîããåñt låttår, À, Â îã Ñ.
21 The àïïuà1 Và1uå of the Üåàutó iïdustãó Wîã1dwidå is

À $15Üilliîï.
Â $38 Üilliîï.
Ñ $160Üilliîï.
22 The annual gãîWth ãàtå ofthe g1îÜà1 Üåàutó màãkåt is
À 7рåãñåït.
Â 14рåãñåït.
Ñ 40рåãñåït.
23 The most common fîãm of cosmetic рãîñåduãå is fîã
À fàt.
â Wãiïklås.
ñ tååth.
24 Demand fîã Üåàutó рãîduñts iïñãåàSåd in the åàã1ó 20th ñåïtuãó due to
À рàñkàgiï8.
Â sñiåïti¨ñ рãîgãåsS.
ñ рhîtîgãàрhó.
Questions 25-ÇÎ
Who àgãåås With the fî11îWiïg îрiïiîïS?
Choose óîèã àïswåãs fãîò the Üîõ and wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåãs, À-Ñ, next to questions 25-3Î.
You òàó use àïó àïswåã òîãå than îïñå.
À Maggie (thå femaIe studåït)

Â Mike (thå mà|å studåït)
Ñ Maggie and Mike (Üîth Studåïts)
25 Fifty рåã cent of the money uSed fîã màãkåtiïg is used åffåñtivå1ó.
26 The Üåàutó iïdustãó is Üàsåd îï hope and fåàã.
27 People Who àãå mîãå àttãàñtivå eam highåã iïñîmås.
28 Àttãàñtivå рåîр1å tend not to accept рîîã tãåàtmåït.
29 Ñ1åàã skin is seen as à sign îfwîmåï's youth àïdhåà1th.
30 The ñuããåït Üåàutó iïdustãó рãîmîtås ¨tïåsS.
22 FÎñusÅïg Îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

``%/ôî sÅñòIîN 4 Quåsl:iîïs Ç1 IÙÎ
Questions Ç1-Ç5
Go2:fÒàñk 5 WhiCh Of the fÎ1lÎWiÏg SÎuÃñåS gaVe Scientists iïfîãmàtiîï àÜîut the Iñåmàï?
Choose óîèã àïSwåãs fãîò the Üîõ and wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåãS, À-Í, next to queStions 3 l-s5.
À üàñk Ñ fiïgåãïàil Å inteStineS G Stomach

â üîïås D hàiã F skin í teeth
31 agewhenhedied
32 Whåãåhå1ivåd
33 food ïîmà1ló eaten
34 health
35 time îfóåàãWhåïhå died
QuestiOns Ç6ÖÎ
36 MoSs WaS uSed in the Iñåmàï's ãågiîï

À tîWãàрfîîd.
Â àstîilåtрàрåã.
Ñ to cook fîîd.
37 His shoes Wåãåmàdåfãîm
À gãàSSàïdÜàãk.
Â dååãhidåàïdgîàthidå.
Ñ Üåàãskiï and gîàtskiï.
38 It is most likå1ó that the Iceman WaS à
À Shåрhåãd.
â huïtåã.
ñ tãàdåã.
39 It is noW Üå1iåVåd the Iceman died
À ïåàãthå ãîñkwhåãå his Üîdó Was fîuïd.
Â While tãàррåd uïdåã àãîñk.
Ñ While Sleeping îï the ãîñk whåãå his Üîdó Was fîuïd.
40 Much evidence Was dåstãîóåd
À due to the màïïåã in Which he died and the isî1àtåd location ofhis ñîãрså.
Â ÜåñàuSå рåîр1å iïi.ià11ó didï'. ãåà1iså the imрîãtàïñå of the disñîVåãó.
Ñ When the autopsy WaS ñàããiåd out to detemine the cauSe of dåàth.
LEstenEng 23
vk.com/vayshengolts
Skype: vayshengolts
Hstening Test 4 +380674872766
ÑD2.Òã@Ñk6 TRANSFER ANSwERS
This teSt has Üååï Wãittåï to Simulate the IELTS teSt in its stólå, fîãmàt, låVå1 of difÅñultó,
question typeS and låïgth. You should do this teSt uïdåã IELTS teSt ñîïditiîïs. This means
р1àóiïg the ãåñîãdiïg îï1ó îïñå Without pausing îã stîррiïg.
Iïsl:ãuñ1:iÎïs
You will håàã fîuã diffåãåït ãåñîãdiïgs and you Will haVe to àïswåã queStionS îï What
you håàã.
Òhåãå Will Üå time fîã you to ãåàd the iïStãuñtiîïS and questions Üåfîãå the ãåñîãdiïg is
рlàóåd. You will also haVe the îррîãtuïitó to check óîuã àïSwåãS.
The ãåñîãdiïg Will Üå played ONCE îï1ó.
The teSt is in fîuã såñtiîïs. wãitå óîuã àïswåãs îï the queStion sheet as you liståï. At the
end of Section 4 you haVe 10 minuteS to tãàïSfåã óîuã àïswåãS onto the àïSWåã shååt,
which is îï page 31. when you ¨ïish, check the àïSwåã key at the Üàñk of the Üîîk.
24 FOcusing îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

sÅñòIîN 1 QuestiOns 1-10
Questions 1-6
ô 2 . Òãàñk 7 LàÜål the Ëîîã р1àï Üålîw.
Choose FIVE àïswåãS fãîò the Ëîîã р1àï and wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåãS, Àã1, next to
questions 14.
ShOpping mall
Suрåãmàãkåt Å
nI
ñîmрutåãs
â
î
éíÅ=
+àç I
F
Âîîkstîãå
G
Fuãïituãå í ñhldãåï'ScIotheS
Shoes I
Stàiãs
iïfîãmàtiîï desk Ñ
1 ñhildãåï'Sр1àóñåïtãå
2 hàiãdãå S såã
3 tîóstîãå
4 to ilets
5 phonekioSk
6 å1åVàtîã
LEstenEng 25
Questions 7-10
ÀLïswåã the questionS Üålîw,
WãitåNÎÌÎRÅÒÍÀNÒWÎWÎRDsÀND/ÎRÀNUÌÂÅRfîãåàñhàïswåã.
7 HoW much does it coSt to 1åàVå óîuã ñàã in the ñàãрàãkfîãfîuãhîuãS?..
8 What is the minimum age fîã ñhildãåï at the ñhildãåï's р1àó ñåïtãå?
9 which låVå1 is the food ñîuãt located îï?
10 What is 1îñàtåd îï the top Íîîã ofthe Üuildiïg?
26 FÎñus¨ïg Îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

-,%'ô:- sÅñòIîN 2 Questions 11 -20
Questions 11-20
tюz.-òãюk8 Complete the notes Üålîw.
Wãitå NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS ÀND/ÎR À NUMBER fîã each àïswåã.
The agency
ò Contented Homes agency Üågàï in 11
v AgencydoeS mîStwîãkusiïgthå 12
How the SyStem îрåãàtåS
v Minimum time рåãiîd fîã houSeSitting is l3
ò ÍîusåSittåãsdîïîtрàó 14
ò ÍîmåîWïåãs check l5 of hîusåsittåãS.
v ÍîusåSittåãs haVe fåWåã 16 than ïîãmàl tåïàïts.
AdvantageS of haVing hîuSåSittåãs
v РãåVåït l7
ò Êååрóîuãhîmåñ1åàï.
v Òàkåñàãåîfóîuã18
ñhàã8åS
ò Agency ñhàãgås hîusåsittåãS 19 to ãågiståã.
v Agency ãåñîmmåïds that hîmåîWïåãs îãgàïiså 20
ListenEng 27
sÅñòIîN ç Questions 21-ÇÎ
Questions 21-25
CD 2 . Òãàñk 9 Whåãå did à màjîãitó of .hå ïàtiîïà1itiås 1iståd Üå1îW såttlå?
ÑhîîsåóîèãàïswåãfãîòthåÜîõàïdwãitåthåñîããåñtlåttåãs,À-Ñ,ïåõttîqèåstiî;s21-25.
You òàó use àïó àïSwåã òîãå than îïñå.
À ÌåIÜîuãïå
â Sydney
Ñ Îthåã pIaceS in ÀustãàIià
21 âãitish
22 Chinese
23 LåÜàïåså
24 Ìà1àóSiàïS
25 NeW Zåà1àïdåãS
28 FocusEng îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

Questions 26-ÇÎ
26 MoSt migãàïts choSe Whåãå to 1ivå ÜàSåd îï

À åmр1îómåït.
â ñîmmuïitó.
Ñ ãåà1 åstàtå.
27 Òhåãå is à tãåïd fîã рåîр1å Üîm in Àustãà1ià to 1åàVå Sydney

À Üåñàuså it'S Üåñîmiïg too Üusó and ñãîWdåd.
Â due to the inadequate iïfãàstãuñtuãå.
Ñ So they canhaVe mîãå money in ãåtiãåmåït.
28 Among рåîр1å Who ãåñåïtló migãàtåd to Àustãà1ià, the рåãñåïtàgå Who settled in Sydney
and Ìå1Üîumå WaS
À 40%.
â 50%.
ñ 60%.
29 The goVemment is ñîïsidåãiïg åïñîuãàgiïg migãàïts to settle in îthåã àãåàS Üó
À îffåãiïg tax incentiveS to åmр1îóåãs.
Â making it åàsiåã fîã fàãmåãs to immigãàtå.
Ñ åmр1îóiïg рåîр1å outside Sydney and Ìå1Üîuãïå.
30 The ïumÜåã îfmigãàïts living in Sydney is likå1ó to Üå
À highåã than the statisticS iïdiñàtå.
Â 1îWåã than the Statistics iïdiñàtå.
Ñ the same as the statisticS iïdiñàtå.
íståïiïg 29
sÅñòIîN 4 Questions Ç1-40
Questions Ç1-Ç7
Ñ1) 2 . Òіàñk 10 Complete the tàÜlå Üålîw.
Wãitå NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS ÀLND/ÎR À NUMBER fîã each àïswåã.
рãîduñt ÒãàditiîïàI sîuãñå Advantages of using hemp
рàрåã Wood v ãåàdó to hàãVåSt in Ç1..
v ïî need fîã 32 . . .
cIothing cotton ò needs lesS 3Ç ...

fåãtilisåã and pesticides
ò рãîVidås Üåttåã рãîtåñtiîï fîã рåîр|å against
ç4 . . .
Lamps ò causeS IeSs smål|

ç5 ...
ñàãS metal is ç6 ...
v decomposes Sîîïåã
FueI рåtãîl v causes |åss Ç7 ...
Questions Ç8ÖÎ
Complete the søòòàãó Üålîw.
Choose óîèã àïswåãS fãîò the Üîõ and wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåãs, À-G, next to questions 38ÀÎ.
Àdãó Å ïîï-tîõiñ
â cheese F shady
ñ flîuã G VåãSàtilå
D Iîïg-làstiïg
Hemp ñàï Üå à sîuãñå of foods and håà1th рãîduñts. It ñàï рãîduñå 38 ..
containing à highåã 1åVå1 of рãîtåiï. It has many àрр1iñàtiîïs in the hîmå. Paint made fãîm
hemp is 39 .... Hemp gãîWs Wå1l uïdåã 40 .... ñîïditiîïs. It is àï
åïViãîïmåïtà11ó fÃiåïdló Sî1utiîï to many рãîÜlåms.
ÇÎ Fîñu§iïg îï lELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåSts

\/\/hàt is in the ãåàdiïg mîdulå?
Òhåãå àãå thãåå ãåàdiïg pasSages of Üåtwååï 700 and
950 Wîãds åàñh. The questions ãåquiãå candidates to find
iïfîãmàtiîï fãîm the рàssàgåS, and îïå of the paSsages may
need iïtåãрãåtàtiîï of the wãitåã'S îрiïiîïs.
40 quåstiîïs, 1 màãk рåã question

Each section containS 12 to 14 quåstiîïs.
60 minutes
Candidates àãå ãåñîmmåïdåd to Spend àррãîõimàtå|ó
20 minuteS îï each ãåàdiïg рàSsàgå.
See detailed guidelineS in `Âåàdiïg Stãàtågiås and skills',

==-= =-é¨?g, -Féé-,õ`э==
FocUsing îï lÅL.ÒS: Reading and Wãitiïg skills (L:іïdåñ;k,
GãååïWîîd and Î'Sullivàï 2011 ), pageS 29-84.
Ç4 FocusEng Îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

Question types
The folloWing queStion typeS àãå uSed in the ãåàdiïg mîdulå:
v Ìè/Zg.р/å ñbîj.ñg - you haVe to chooSe îïå ñîããåñt àïsWåã to à question fãîm fîuã
îрtiîïS, îã two îã thãåå ñîããåñt options fãîm à Set of ¨Vå îã SåVåï.
ò Jdå7!ff./ó;.7gg g.7zfîr#2ñzff.î7t - you haVe to deCide whåthåã à statement is tãuå îÃ false
àññîãdiïg to the iïfîãmàtiîï in the рàSSàgå, îã whåthåã ïî iïfîãmàtiîï àÜîut the
statement is givåï.
v Jdå7zJz./ój.7ñg ю7`;.får's Óg.åèJs îã ñ/ßz.77cs - you chooSe `óås' if à statement àgãåås with the
opinions îã claims of the Wãitåã, `ïî' if the statement ñîïtãàdiñts the wãitåã's opinion îã
àãgumåït, îã `ïît givåï' if the pasSage giveS ïî iïfîãmàtiîï îï What the wãitåã thinks
àÜîut the stàtåmåït.
v ÌßfñÜz.7gg g.7z/îr771ßfz.î# - you haVe to match the iïfîãmàtiÎï Stated in eaCh queStiOn
with the ãålåVàït рàãàgãàрh îã Section in the paSsage Whåãå the iïfîãmàtiîï ñàï Üå
fîuïd.
v Ì4fñbz.7gg ÜGñIñJf.73gs -óîu haVe to Select the ñîããåñt heading fãîm the Üîõ to match the
main idea of each рàãàgãàрh îã section in the рàSSàgå.
v Ìñzfñbg.7Gg fåÿJèãås - fãîm à Set of рîssiÜlå îрtiîïS, you have to Select the ñîããåñt option
that matcheS the fåàtuãås îã ñhàãàñtåãistiñs dåsñãiÜåd in each quåStiîï.
v ÌñJfñÜj.77g så72Jå7Gñå å72df.7ñgs - you have to chooSe the ñîÃÃåñt îРtiÎÏ fãîm à list in à ÜÎõ
to complete à Sentence that ãåÏåñts iïfîãmàtiîï given in the рàSSàgå.
ò så#få#ñå ñîèР/åZñ.î7ˆ - you have to ¨ïd à wîãd îã рhãàSå in the paSSage that ñîããåñtló
completeS à Såïtåïñå. You may have to wãitå îïå, two îã thãåå wîãds àïd/îã à ïumÜåã.
` Sèòòàãó/ïîtåslÍîuі-ñhàãt/tàÜlå completion -óîu haNe to åLthåã and WÎãds Îã рhãàLSåS
fãîm the text îã så1åñt Wîãds fãîm à Üîõ of рîSsiÜlå àïswåãS to ñîmр1åtå à Summàãó îã
notes of рàãt of the рàsSàgå, îã à tàÜlå îã äîW-ñhàãt that ãåрãåSåïts iïfîãmàtiîï in the
рàSSàgå. You may haVe to wãitå îïå, two îã thãåå wîãds àïd/îã à ïumÜåã.
v Df.ñrgrß771 /#Üå/ ñî77åР/GJz.î7ñ - you haVe to ¨ïd wÎãds îã РhãàSås fãÎm the PaSSage tO
1àÜå1 the рàãts of à diàgãàm that ãåÍåñts iïfîãmàtiîï in the рàSsàgå. You may haVe to
wãitå îïå, two îã thãåå wîãds àïd/îã à ïumÜåã.
ò SÜîrJ-ñz7ñsè;år qèGsfz.î#s - you have to wãitå îïå, two îã thãåå wîãds àïd/îã à ïumÜåã
to àïSwåã Üãiåf questions àÜîut iïfîãmàtiîï in the рàSSàgå.
1ï some question types (fîã åõàmрlå, g.ñJå7ˆfg/óg.7Zg g.7tfîã77èZj.î#) the queStionS fî1lîw
the same îãdåã in Which the iïfîãmàtiîï îññuãS in the рàsSàgå; in îthåã question typeS
(fîÃ åõàmРlå, 77c4fñbf.7zg g.7z/Îã771ßfg.î7Z), the àïSwåãS might Üå located àïóWhåÃå in the text
îã tåõts.
Fîã detailed åõрlàÏàtiîï, see Fîñèsj.72g î77 JÅLÒS.. RGñzdz.#g ß7ññJ W7.f.Zˆ.7ñg Skz.//s (LiïdåÑk,
Gãååïwîîd and Î'Sullivàï 2011 ) pageS 5-28.
Reading ç5
Ïрs fîã doing the Reading Test
ò Make suãå you àãå fàmiliàã with each question type So you knoW what you haVe to dî.
ò RåmåmÜåã to keep àï åóå îï the time and make suãå you have enough time t® do à11
thãåå SåñtiîïS.
ò If you cannot àïsWåã à question àftåã àÜîut à miïutå, move îï to the next question and
come Üàñk làtåã if you haVe timå.
ò If you cannot àïswåã à question at à11, it is Üåttåã to gueSs than to leave à Ülàïk.
v LeaVe à few minutes at the end of the test to ãåViåw óîuã àïswåãS.
ò Check fîã spelling and gãàmmàã in items Such as shîãt-àïswåã quåstiîïs; iïñîããåñtló
Sрål1åd wîãds àãå рåïàlisåd.
ò Check that óîuã ãåSрîïså matches the wîãd ãåStãiñtiîïs given in the iïstãuñtiîïs (îïå,
two îã thãåå Wîãds àïd/îã à ïumÜåã).
ò Take ñàãå to Wãitå óîuã àïSwåãs in the ñîããåñt Üîõ îï the Àïswåã shååt; à ñîããåñt
àïSwåã in the wãîïg Üîõ will Üå màãkåd as iïñîããåñt.
v Read quickly thãîugh each text îã Set of texts Üåfîãå you look at the queStions to get à
gåïåãà1 idea of the type of iïfîãmàtiîï they ñîïtàiï.
v 1ï each quåStiîï, uïdåãliïå the key wîãd that indicateS the iïfîãmàtiîï you àãå
looking fîã.
ò RåmåmÜåã to use the ãåàdiïg skills of skimming fîã gåïåãà1 ideas and scanning fîã
Specihc iïfîãmàtiîï.
ò Recognise which queStions need you to ãåàd ñàãåfulló fîã concepts (fîã åõàmрlå,
èGfñéj.#g !.#fîrè#fG.î#) and Which ãåquiãå scanning fîã details (fîã åõàmрlå, f#ÜJå
ñîòрlåtiîï).
v RåmåmÜåã to look fîã Synonyms and рàãàрhãàsåS of wîãds and ideaS in the queStionS
aS Wå1l as the exact wîãds.
Ç6 FOcusEng Îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

Beading Test 1
ALL ANSwERS ìUSò âÅ wRIòòÅN oN òíÅ ANSwER SíÅÅò.
The test is divided aS fîl1îwS:
Reading Passage 1 Questions l to 13
Reading PaSSage 2 QueStionS 14 to 27
Reading Passage 3 QueStions 28 to 40
Stàãt at the Üågiïïiïg of the teSt and Wîãk thãîugh it. You Should àïSWåã à11 the quåStiîïS.
If you cannot do à рàãtiñulàã question leave it and go îï to the next îïå. You ñàï ãåtuãï
to it làtåã.
Ò1ÌÅ ÀLLÎwÅD: 60 MINUTES
Reading ç7
READING pAssAGE 1
You should Spend àÜîèt 2Î minutes îï queStions 1-13.
DomeStic cLocks
The domeStic cIock WaS not exactly iïVåïtåd; it WaS рãîÜàÜ1ó à Sрiï-îff fãîm the
Scientific actMtieS of ñhuãñhmåï, àStãî|îgåãS and mechanicS of the Middle AgeS
iïtåãåStåd in iïñãåàSiïg thåiã knoWledge of the StàãS îã imрãîViïg discipIine in ãåIigiîuS
ñîmmuïitiåS. РåãhàрS Some 13th-ñåïtuãó king îã Üishîр fiãSt had à cIock in his houSe
as à SómÜî| of рãåStigå îã Wåà|th, îã рåãhàрS fãîm iïtåãåSt, îã to ñà|| him to рãàóåã,
ÑåãtàiïIó, the ñhuãñh aSsistant needed to knoW When to Wàãï the Watchman to ãiïg the
Üå|| in the WàtñhtîWåã to Wàãï the |îñà| рåîр|å àÜîut Some communal activity Such aS
digging à ditñh, рãåрàãiïg to defend themseIVeS againSt ãàidåãS, îã gàthåãiïg to help
put à f iãå îut.
So рîSsiÜ|ó it WaS the Wàtñhmàï'S ñ|îñk îï the Wà|| that Üåñàmå the domeStic iãîï
ñ|îñk of the mådiåVà| hîusåhî|d. |t WaS à VàIuàÜ|å рîSSåssiîï, and When the family
moVed it Went With thåm, just as did àïó g|àSS WindoWS they hàd.1ãîï ñ|îñks and
|àïtåãï ñ|îñks, hanging îï the Wà|I fãîm à hîîk, Wåãå the fiãSt gåïåãà| domestic ñ|îñks.
The Weights that рîWåãåd them hung ÜåIîW them and gåïåãà11ó had to Üå pulled up
twice à dàó. |ï Some ñîuïtãiåS, it Üåñàmå fàShiîïàÜIå to fit îãïàtå Wooden caSeS
àãîuïd them and moUnt theSe cIocks îï Wooden Üãàñkåts.
À|thîUgh the Wåight-dãivåï ñ|îñk Was not îãigiïà|ló designed fîã domeStic uSå, the
Sрãiïg-dãivåï îïå uïdîuÜtådló Wàs. The use of à coiled sрãiïg inStead of à Weight to
рãîVidå рîWåã made рîSsiÜ|å fiãSt the рîãtàÜ|å ñ|îñk and SuÜSåquåïtló the Smà||åã,
рåãSîïàI ñ|îñk, Which WaS Iàtåã ñà|Iåd à Wàtñh. Sрãiïg cIocks Wåãå fiãSt made in Fãàïñå
in the 1400S, it Sååms, Üut Iittle is knoWn of thåiã îãigiï. The åàã|iåSt Sрãiïg-dãivåï ñ|îñk
knoWn is dated àÜîut 1450. lt is Iike the Wåight-dãivåï cIOck of the time Üut With the
Weights ãåр|àñåd Üó coiled Sрãiïgs.
The ñhàïgåîvåã fãîm Wåight-dãivåï to Sрhïg-dãivåï clocks did not рãîVå So SimрIå,
hîWåVåã, ÜåñàuSå, unIike the faIIing Wåight, the coiled Sрãiïg did not рãîVidå à conStant
Sîuãñå of рîWåã. When Wound uр, the Sрãiïg gaVe à fîãñå that WaS Våãó Stãîïg, Üut
îï|ó fîã à Shîãt timå. The fîãñå then dåñãåàSåd uïåVåï|ó fîã some hîuãS Üåfîãå S|îWiïg
ãàрidló. The middle of the ãàïgå WaS moSt uSeful fîã dãÌïg the ñlîñk, Üut the ãåduñiïg
fîãñå WaS à рãîÜIåm. Åàã1ó coiled Sрãiïgs also Suffåãåd fãîm the fact that they could
not Üå made Våãó eVenIy îã Smoothly and did not coil àññuãàtåIó. When this hàррåïåd,
the рîWåã WaS ãå|åàSåd in uneVen ÜuãSts, The meanS adopted to îVåãñîmå theSe
disàdvàïtàgås, Which diãåñtló affected timekeeping àññuãàñó, Wåãå twîfî|d.
The fiãSt Step WaS to |imit the uSe of the Sрãiïg to the middle of its action to рãåVåït it
fãîm dãiviïg the ñ|îñk When it WaS too tightly Wound up îã not Wound up tightly åïîugh.
The next Step WaS to рãîVidå à fîãm of geahng Üåtwååï the Sрãiïg and the ñ|îñk to
make the рîWåã output mîãå åvåï. The method WaS So SimрIå, ingeniouS and elegant
that it haS ãåmàiïåd in uSå, at IeaSt in ñåãtàiï typeS of ñlîñk, fãîm the time it WaS
inVented uml tîdàó.
|t is ñà||åd the fusåå, meaning à Spindle Wound With à thãåàd, À fusee is à tãumрåt-
Shaped îÜjåñt With à toothed îã gåàã Whåå| at the |àãgåã åïd, Which is connected to the
Ç8 FOcusing îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

dãiviïg WheeI of the ñlîñk. The tãumрåt-Shàрåd рàãt haS à SрiãàI gãîîVå cut in it, and à
Stãîïg thãåàd attached to the gãîîVå at the Iàãgåã åïd. The ãåSt of the thãåàd is Wound
ãîuïd the Üàããå| of the ñ|îñk, containing the Sрãiïg. When the fusee is tuãïåd With à
kåó, the thãåàd is pulled off the ÜàããåI, Which Winds up the Sрãiïg inSide it. The thãåàd is .
Wound Îï the fusee gãîîVå, Which ÜåñîmåS SmàI|åã and SmàIIåã in diàmåtåã, So that in
effect it meanS the sрãiïg dãivåS the clock at à conStant Sрååd.
FuSeeS Wåãå uSed fãîm the 1400S to the åàã1ó 1900S. This ãåIàtivå|ó Simр|å deVice to
imрãîVå timekeeping Üó åquà|isiïg the uneVen pull of the màiïSрãiïg achieVed its
рuãрîSå åffåñtivåIó, GãàïVØå ÂàiØå, à Ieading ñ|îñkmàkåã and Wàtñhmàkåã in the
1900S, Said of the fusåå, `РåãhàрS ïî рãîÜIåm in mechanicS haS åVåã Üååï Solved So
Simр|ó and So рåãfåñtló.'
Questions 1-5
Do the fî1lîWiïg statements àgãåå with the iïfîãmàtiîï given in Reading Passage 1 ?
1ï ÜîõåS 1-5 îï óîèã àïSwåã sheet wãitå
TRUE if the Statement àgãåås with the infomiation
FALSE if the Statement ñîïtãàdiñts the infomiation
NOT GIVEN ifthåãå is ïî iïfîãmàtiîï îï this
1 The åàãliåSt domestic ñ1îñks wåãå dåVå1îрåd to рãîVidå юutiïå fîã hîuSåhî1dåãs.
2 ÌådiåVà1 clocks ãåmàiïåd îï the рãîрåãtó When the îWïåãs sî1d thåiã hîmå.
3 Pulling the Weights îï Wà11-mîuïtåd ñ1îñks ãåquiãåd рãåñiså Skill.
4 It is the sрãiïg inside that àl1îWs à Watch to Üå moVed àãîuïd.
5 The ¨ãS. sрãiïg-dãivåï clocks had dimculty keeping the ñîããåñt timå.
Reading ç9
Questions 6-10
Complete the notes Üålîw.
Choose NO MORE THAN ÒÍÊÅÅ wOHDS fãîò the passage fîã each àïSwåã.
Wãitå óîèã àïSwåãs in ÜîõåS 6-1Î îï óîèã àïswåã Shååt.
Questions 1 Î-1 Ç
Àïswåã the qèåséîïs Üålîw.
ChooSe NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS fãîò the passage fîã each àïswåã.
Wãitå óîèã àïswåãs in Üîõås 1Î-13 îï óîèã àïSwåã shååt.
10 WhatdoeS afusee 1îîklikå?
11 Whatis connected to the sрiãà1 gãîîVå îï à fusåå?
12 What îÜjåñt is ãåquiãåd to wind the Sрãiïg îï the fusåå?
13 What does the gãàduàl ãåduñtiîï ofthe fusee gãîîVå åïSuãå?
4Î FOcusing îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

READING pAssAGE 2
You should spend àÜîèt 2Î minuteS îï queStions 14-27.
Questions 14-21
Reading PaSSage 2 haS eight рàãàgãàрhs, À-Í.
Choose the ñîããåñt heading fîã each рàãàgãàрh fãîò the list of headings Üålîw.
Wãitå the ñîããåñt ïèòÜåã, i-õi, i,ï Üîõås 14-21 îï óîèã àïswåã Shååt.
List of headings
i ÀIàñkîfiïfîãmàtiîï àÜîutwhàtisiïtãàsh
ii Achangein рuÜ|iñàttitudå
iii The uïñåãtàiïtó îftãàsh destination
iv AtypicaI hîuSåhîIdåã's рãåsåït action
v FÎãmulàtiïg the ultimate ãuÜÜish solution
vi så|åñtiîï of ãåñóñIiïg ñåïtãås
vii Àwàótîtãàñåwhàt happenSto ãuÜÜish
viii Detailsofhowthe ãåsåàãñh will Üå done
ix VàãiàtiîïS in the effect ofwaste îï the suããîuïdiïg àãåà
õ FutuãåsîuãñåSîfusåful màtåãià|S
xi Nåtwîãk ñîvåãàgå fîãtåIåñîmmuïiñàtiîïS
14 РàãàgãàрhÀ
15 РàãàgãàрhÂ
16 РàãàgãàрhÑ
17 РàãàgãàрhD
18 РàãàgãàрhÅ
19 РàãàgãàрhF
20 РàãàgãàрhG
21 РàãàgãàрhÍ
Reading 41
Òãàsh tãàñI{åãs
À So you ñàãåfulló såрàãàtå óîuã ñàãdÜîàãd fãîm óîuã uSed glass ñîïtàiïåãs, Wash óîuã
empty tins and tåàã the Staples off sñãàр рàрåã. You Í11 óîuã Vàãiîus Üiïs and put them out
to Üå taken aWay With the ãåmàiïs of the Wååk'S meals and domeStic ãuÜÜish. And thåï,
Safe in the kïîW1ådgå that you haVe done óîuã Üit fîã the åïViãîïmåït, you fîãgåt à11 àÜîut
it.
Â 1ï fàñt, the 1ifå stîãó of óîuã Weekly gàãÜàgå is just Üågiïïiïg. Àï à1umiïium ñàï, fîã
iïstàïñå, could haVe à Vàãiåtó of fàtåS. It might Üå ñãushåd and Sent Üàñk to the canning
fàñtîãó to Üå tumed into neW ñàïs. Îã it could end up in the ïåàãåst 1àïd¨1l Site îã get
shipped off îVåãSåàs to Üå åithåã ãåñóñ1åd îã dumрåd. The tãuth is that ïîÜÎdó ñàï Üå Suãå
Whåãå àï iïdividuà1 piece of ãuÜÜish Will end up îã hoW the junk in the 1àïd¨l1 got thåãå.
Ñ NeW ãåsåàãñh is planning to ¨ïd îut. 1ï à pilot рãîjåñt, à team fãîm the MaSSachusetts
Institute of Òåñhïî1îgó (Ì1Ò) tîgåthåã With måmÜåãs of the JVeW Sñz.Gèrz.§f joumal tãàñkåd
60 pieces of tãàsh in Seattle in the United StàtåS. The next phase of the åõрåãimåït Will
Üågiï - 1,000 mîãå pieceS of gàãÜàgå Will Üå å1åñtãîïiñà11ó tagged and thãîWï aWay in
NeW Yîãk, Seattle and Lîïdîï, and tãàñkåd fîã two mîïths.
D The åõрåãimåït is mîãå than just àï attempt to satisfy ñuãiîSitó as to Whåãå tãàSh ends uр.
The idea is to hå1р р1àï fîã àï idåà1 Wîãld of WaSte disрîSà1, Whåãå ïåàã1ó åVåãóthiïg gets
ãåñóñ1åd îã ãåusåd and màtåãiàls àãå not sent to làïd¨l1 fàStåã than the planet is àÜ1å to
рãîduñå thåm.
Å At рãåSåït, that ideal Wîã1d is à distant dãåàm îï1ó. Рàãt of the рãîÜ1åm is that We do not
knoW What We àãå dealing With. While à 1ît of åffîãt has gone into ñãåàtiïg gãååï supply
chains to Üãiïg рãîduñts to ñustîmåãS, almoSt nothing is knoWn àÜîut What happens to the
Wàstå. This WaSte is mîïitîãåd, of ñîuãså, Üut îï1ó to See hoW many tonnes of diffåãåït
kinds of gàãÜàgå àããivå at à sÎãtiïg ñåïtãå, 1àïd¨1l îã iïñiïåãàtîã, and hoW many 1åàVå.
These àãå counted as å1åñtãîïiñ îã household Wàstå; the maSS is måàsuãåd, Üut not in tåãms
of the ñîïtåït.
F 1ï tems of åïViãîïmåïtà1 imрàñt, it is the ñîïtåït, not the ïumÜåã of tîïïåS, that
màttåãs. Within the hàmlåSS-Sîuïdiïg ñàtågÎãó of `hîuSåhî1d Wàstå' , fîã åõàmрlå,
1iås åVåãóthiïg fãîm ñàããît рåå1iïgs to used ÜàÜiåS' nappies and 1îW-åïåãgó light ÜulÜs
containing måãñuãó, îã old å1åñtãiñàl àрр1iàïñås, each of Which gives à Våãó diffåãåït Set of
åïViãîïmåïtàl ñhà11åïgås. 1ï àï ideal Wîãld each Should Üå dåà1t With såрàãàtåló.
G Âåfîãå that ñàï hàррåï, thîugh, We need to get à ñ1åàãåã рiñtuãå of the 1ifå ñóñ1å of
diffåãåït kinds of WàStå, Which is hoW the tãàñkiïg рãîjåñt ñàï give uSeful iïfîãmàtiîï.
The team haVe deSigned tags that ñàï Üå ¨õåd to à11 kinds of ãuÜÜish, and theSe tags Üåàm
out thåiã 1îñàtiîï åVåãó 15 minutes fîã up to two mîïths. Each is Üuilt àãîuïd à mîÜilå
phone SIM ñàãd and Üàttåãó, and à motion SåïSîã. À lîW-рîWåã miñãîрãîñåssîã keepS
tãàñk of the motion såïsîã àïd, When the SåïSîã ãågiståãS moVement it switches îï the

SIM ñàãd, tãiggåãiïg à Såàãñh fîã ïåàãÜó mîÜilå phone tîWåãs. The SIM then sends àï
SMS containing this iïfîãmàtiîï to the team and the tåàm's Sîftwàãå ñîmрàãåS it With
the Stàïdàãd map of signal stãåïgth ¨ïgåãрãiïts to dåtåãmiïå the position of the tàg. The
tags àãå not рãåñiså to the måtãå.1ï citieS whåãå thåãå is à denSe ïåtwîãk of mÎÜilå phOne `-
tîWåãS, the team ñàï 1îñàtå àï îÜjåñt to Within 100 to 500 måtãås.1ï ãuãà1 Zîïås, that may
Üå à kilîmåtãå îã mîãå.
Í while tagging Waste ñàï identify Whåãå ãåñóñ1àÜ1åS àãå Üåiïg toSSed into 1àïd¨1l, îã
Whåãå hàzàãdîus WaSte is illågà11ó Shipped îVåãSåàs, thåãå is à mÎãå fundamental ãåàSîï
to tag tãàsh: {î ¨ïd out whåãå Society StîãåS the màtåãià1s that it mines fãîm the Åàãth and
tåmрîãàãiló tums into рãîduñts. Òîdàó's 1àïdØ siteS contain 1àãgå amounts of imрîãtàït
måtà1S, iïñ1udiïg gî1d, ziïñ, àlumiïium, ïiñkål, ñîррåã, cadmium and måãñuãó - in
many cases at highåã ñîïñåïtãàtiîïs than ïàtuãà1 îãå deposits - р1us huge quantitieS of
ãåñóñ1àÜ1å g1àss and рlàStiñ. AS commoditieS Üåñîmå sñàãñå in the fî11îWiïg ñåïtuãiåS,
We may haVe to mine 1àïd¨11S fîã thåiã ãiñhåS, and that means ¨ïdiïg out exactly Whåãå to
stàãt diggiïg.
Questions 22-2Ç
Choose TWO låttåãS, À-Å.
Wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåã in ÜîõåS 22 and 23 îï óîèã àïswåã shååt.

Àññîãdiïg to the wãitår, which ÒÒЮ of the following things need to hàррåï?
À Íîusåhî1dåãs should Üå mîãå àWàãå of the wàstå-Sîãtiïg рãîñåss.
Â Wåïåådtî¨ïdîuthîW muchwasteis inthe sóStåm.
Ñ We need to knoW mîãå àÜîut the kinds of waste that haVe Üååï thãîwï àWàó.
D BusineSs and iïdustãó must fî11îW åStàÜ1ishåd guidå1iïås.
Å We Should locate and ãåuså và1uàÜ1å ãåSîuãñås.
Questions 24-27
Àïswåã the questions Üålîw.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WÎÊDS fãîò the passage fîã each àïSwåã.
Wãitå óîèã àïswåãS in Üîõås 24-27 îï óîèã àïSwåã shååt.
24 Which item îfãuÜÜish doeS the Wãitåã uSe aS àï åõàmр1å to ShoW the many Ways ãuÜÜish
ñàï Üå dåà1t Wi.h?
Which city is inVolved in two StageS of ãåsåàãñh?
What haVe рåîр1å à1ãåàdó tãiåd hàãd to åstàÜ1ish in îãdåã to get рãîduñts to ñîïsumåãS?
what gåïåãà1 tåãm is used to ñîVåã à Wide ãàïgå of Våãó diffåãåït kinds of ãuÜÜish?
Reading 43
READING pAsSAGE ç
You should Spend àÜîøt 2Î minuteS îï questions 284Î.
DO animaIs think Iike humàïs?

À Some pet îwïåãs Üåliåvå that thåiã animals uïdåãstàïd them when they sрåàk, Üut how
much do àïimàіs ãåàlló uïdåãstàïd of what we sàó? Òî What extent is thåiã thinking à
ãåflåñtiîï of îuãs? Recent åõрåãimåïts have Üåguï to thюw light Îï the màttåã.
Àï Àustãiàï dog -ãåsåàãñhåãs ñà1l håã Betsy -hàs à vîñàÜulàãó of mîãå than 3ÎÎ wîãds.
`ÅVåï îuã closest ãålàtivås, the gãåàt àрås, ñàØ do What Betsy ñàï do -håàã à Wîãd Îï1ó
îïñå îã twice and knoW that the acoustic рàttåãï stands fîã sîmåthiïg,' says cognitive
psychologist Juliane Êàmiïski. `Dogs' uïdåãstàïdiïg of human fîãms of communication is
something new that has åvîlvåd,' she sàós, `sîmåthiïg thàt's developed in them Üåñàuså
of thåiã long association With humàïs.' Scientists think that dogs Wåãå domesticated
àÜÎut 15,ÎÎÎ óåàãs àgî, à ãålàtivåIó shîãt time in which to dåvå|îр language skills.
But how Similàã àãå these skills to those of humàïs? Fîã àÜstãàñt thiïkiïg, We employ
sómÜîls, іåttiïg îïå thing stand fîã àïîthåã. Âåtsó, in àï åõрåãimåït, Was shoWn à рiñtuãå
of à FãisÜåå, à рiñtuãå she had ïåvåã seen Üåfîãå, and told to find it. she Üãîught the
FãisÜåå fãîm among îthåã toys in àïîthåã ãîîm.
Â Îthåã animals also have skills simiіàã to those of humàïs. `Рåîр1å Wåãå suãрãisåd to
disñîvåã that chimpanzeeS make tîîls,' said À1åõ Êàñålïik, à Üåhàviîuãàl ecologist at
Îõfîãd Uïivåãsitó, ãåfåããiïg to the stãàws and sticks chimpanZees use to pull tåãmitås out
of theh ïåsts. `Âut people also thought "Wåll, they Shàãå îuã àïñåstãó -îf ñîuãså thåó'ãå
smàãt." Now wå'ãå finding these kinds of åõñåрtiîïà| Üåhàviîã in some species of Üiãds.
But we dîï't have à ãåñåïtló shàãåd àïñåstãó with Üiãds. Òhåiã åvîlutiîïàãó histîãó is våãó
diffåãåït; îuã |àst common àïñåstîã with àÏ Üiãds Was à ãåрtilå that lived îvåã 3ÎÎ million
óåàãs àgî. This means that åVî|utiÎï ñàï invent similàã fîãms of advanced intelligence
mîãå than îïñå -thàt it's not something ãåsåãvåd îï|ó fîã рãimàtås îã màmmà|s.'
Ñ Êàñålïik and his colleagues àãå studying îïå of these smàãt sрåñiås, the NeW Caledonian
ñãîw, Which lives in the fîãåsts of the Pacific island of the same ïàmå. New Caledonian
ñãîWs àãå among the most skilled of tîîl-màkiïg and tîîl-usiïg Üiãds, fîãmiïg рãîÜås and
hooks fãîm sticks and leaf stems to poke into the рà|m tãåås whåãå fat gãuÜs hidå. Since
these Üiãds, |ikå ñhimрàïZåås, make and use tîîls, ãåsåàãñhåãs ñàï look fîã simiіàãitiås in
the åvîіutiîïàãó рãîñåssåS that shaped thåiã Üãàiïs. something àÜîut the åïviãîïmåït of
Üîth species fàvîãåd the evolution of tîî|-màkiïg ïåuãàl рîwåãs.
But is theh use of tOols ãigid and limitåd, îã ñàï they Üå iïVåïtivå? Do they have what
ãåsåàãñhåãs ñàÏ måïtà| flåõiÜilitó? ChimpanZees ñåãtàiïló dî. ln the Wild, à chimpanZee
may use fîuã sticks of diffåãåït sizes tO åõtãàñt the honey fãîm à Üåå's ïåst. And in
ñàрtivitó, they ñàï figuãå out hoW to position såvåãàl Üîõås so they ñàï ãåtãiåvå à Üàïàïà
hanging fãîm à ãîрå.
44 FocusEng Îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

D ÀïsWåãiïg that question fîã NeW Ñà|ådîïiàï ñãîWs -åõtãåmå|ó shy Üiãds -wàsï't åàsó.
Even àftåã óåàãs of mîïitîãiïg them in the Wild, ãåsåàãñhåãs ñîuldï't dåtåãmiïå if the Ûãds'
àÜilitó was iïïàtå, îã if they |åàãïåd to make and use thåiã tÎî|s Üó Watching îïå àïîthåã. |f
it Was à gåïåtiñà||ó iïhåãitåd skiіі, ñîuіd thåó, Iike the ñhimрs, use thåiã tà|åït in diffåãåït,
ñãåàtivå wàós?
Òî find out, Êàñå|ïik and his students Üãîught 23 ñãîWs of vàãóiïg ages (à|I Üut îïå caught
in the WÏd) to the àviàãó in his ÎõfÎãd |àÜîãàtîãó. Fîuã hatchlings Wåãå ãàisåd in ñàрtivitó,
and aII Wåãå ñàãåfulló kept aWay fãîm the àdults, so they had ïî îррîãtuïitó tO Üå taught
àÜîut tîî|s. Yet soon àftåã they flådgåd, à|| picked up sticks to рãîÜå Üusiló into ñãàñks and
shaped diffåãåït màtåãià|s into tîî|s.
Å Âiãds ñàï cheat tîî. Îthåã studies Üó the same ãåsåàãñhåã shoW that wåståãï sñãuÜ jays
ñàï know àïîthåã Üiãd's intentiOns and act îï that kïîW|ådgå. À jay that has stoIen food
itså|f, fîã åõàmр|å, knows that if àïîthåãjàó Watches it hide à ïut, thåãå's à chance the nut
Will Üå stî|åï. so the fiãstjàó Will ãåtuãï to move the nut When the îthåãjàó is gÎïå.
such deceptive acts ãåquiãå à complicated fîãm of thiïkiïg, since you must Üå àÜ|å to
àttãiÜutå intentions to the îthåã individuaI and рãådiñt that iïdividuàI's ÜåhàViîuã.
F Îïå schooI of thought àãguås that human iïtåііigåïñå eVoIved рàãtіó Üåñàuså of the
рãåssuãå of |iviïg in à compIex society of caIculating Üåiïgs. ÑhimрàïZåås, îãàïg-utàïs,
gîãillàs and ÜîïîÜîs shàãå this capacity with us. |ï the Wild, рãimàtolîgists have seen
apes hide food fãîm the aIpha mà|å îã ståà| his fåmà|ås. Êàñå|ïik's study is the fiãst
to shoW the kind of åñî|îgiñà| рãåssuãås, such as the need to hide food fîã Wiïtåã uså,
that Would Iead to the åvî|utiîï of such mentaI àÜilitiås. Most рãîvîñàtivåIó, his ãåsåàãñh
dåmîïstãàtås that some Üiãds possess what is often àïîthåã uïiquå|ó human skill: the
àÜilitó to ãåñàl| à specific past åvåït.
Questions 28-Ç2
Reading PasSage 3 has six såñtiîïs, À-F.
Which Section contains the fî11îWiïg iïfîãmàtiîï?
Wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåã, À-F , in Üîõås 28-32 îï óîèã àïswåã Shååt.
28 Animals cause dimculties fîã à dominant måmÜåã of thåiã gãîuр.
29 Young Üiãds used skills without aSsistance fãîm thåiã рàãåïts.
30 Humans and two specieS of àïimà1 may deScend fãîm the same îãigiï.
31 Àïimà1S' Skills may come as à ãåsult of spending time With рåîр1å.
32 Âiãds shoW dishoneSt ñîïduñt.
ReadEng 45
Questions ÇÇ-Ç5
Choose the ñîããåñt låttåã, À, Â, Ñ îã D.
wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåã in Üîõås 33-35 îï óîèã àïSwåã shååt.
33 The Wãitåã mentions the domeStication of dogs in îãdåã to

À say hoW diffåãåït they àãå fãîm àïîthåã SpecieS îfàïimà1.
Â åõр1àiï Why they àãå easy to ãåsåàãñh.
Ñ ShoW hoW quickly they have låàmåd.
D àãguå that they àãå SuitàÜ1å рåts.
34 À Westem sñãuÜjàó has dåmîïStãàtåd
À àï àÜilitó to tãiñk îthåãÜiãds.
Â à talent fîã copying îthåãÜiãds' ñà1ls.
Ñ à Skill at hiding sticks fîã digging gãuÜS fãîm tãååS.
D àï àggãåSsivå Way îfÜåhàViïg in the рãåSåïñå îfîthåã Üiãds.
35 Êàñålïik's ãåsåàãñh haS shoWn that
À captive Üiãds do not knoW hoW to to Ståà1 fãîm îthåã Üiãds.
Â Üiãds ñàï make use of thåiã måmîãiåS îï 1àtåã îññàSiîïS.
Ñ monkeyS ñàï ãåmåmÜåã What happened in the рàSt.
D рãimàtås àãå affected Üó thåiã Sîñià1 Suããîuïdiïgs.
Questions Ç6ÖÎ
Do the fî1lîWiïg statements àgãåå With the claims of the Wãitåã in Reading PasSage 3?
1ï Üîõås 3640 îï óîèã àïswåã sheet wãitå
YES if the statement àgãåås with the ñ1àims of the Wãitåã
NO if the Statement ñîïtãàdiñts the claims of the Wãitåã
36 Scientists anticipated рãimàtå àÜilitó to åmр1îó imрlåmåïts.

37 ChimpanZees and NeW Caledonian ñãîWs had suããîuïdiïgs that рãîmрtåd them to deVelop
à Skill.
38 Chimpanzees shoW that they enjoy the ñhà1låïgå of рãîÜ1åm-Sî1Viïg.

39 ÎÜSåãVàtiîï in the Wild waS àÜlå to ShoW that ñãîWs leamt Üó ñîрóiïg.
40 Ñîmр1åõ thîugh. рãîñåsSåS may Üå displayed Üó WeStem sñãuÜjàóS.
46 FOcusing îï lELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåSts

Beading Test 2
ALL ANSWERS ìUSò âÅ wRIòòÅN oN òíÅ ANSwER SíÅÅò.
The teSt is divided aS fîllîws:
Reading PaSSage 1 QueStions l to 13
Reading PasSage 2 QueStionS 14 to 27
Reading PaSsage 3 QueStions 28 to 40
Sñàãt at the Üågiïïiïg of the test and Wîãk thãîugh it. You Should àïSWåã à11 the quåStiîïS.
If you cannot do à рàãtiñulàã queStion leave it and go îï to the next îïå. You ñàï ãåtuãï
to it làtåã.
Readihg 47
READING pAssAGE 1
You shîè,ld spend àÜîèt 2Î minutes îï questions 1-13.
vines in the sky

À The fàãms of the futuãå may Üå Üuilt ãight in the ñåïtãå of óîuã ñitó. SuÜuãÜàï SрãàW1,
ñîmÜiïåd With the VaSt economieS of Scale in îрåãàtiîï in àgãiñultuãå, haVe typically
dãivåï food рãîduñtiîï fàã fãîm populated ñåïtãåS, with àï iïñãåàSå in the coSt of
tãàïSрîãt and ãisk of Spoilage åï ãîutå ÍîwåVåã, the days of màãkåt gàãdåïS îï the
edgeS of uãÜàï àãåàs Supplying fãåSh food Stãàight to óîuã tàÜ1å may Soon Üå îVåã;
maSS ñitó+ñåïtãå fàãmiïg may Soon ãåр1àñå thåm. À visiîïàãó miñãîÜiî1îgist and
åïViюïmåïtàl låñtuãåã, Dickson DåSрîmmiåã fãîm ÑîlumÜià UïivåãSitó in New yîãk,
SeeS îuã futuãå citieS populated Üó à neW kind of màãkåt gàãdåï. The ñãåàtîã of this
ãàdiñà1 `Våãtiñà1 fàãmiïg' idea dåSñãiÜåS the eVolution of the concept fãîm àï î1dåã
рãîjåñt inVolving юîftîр gàãdåïіïg in Manhattan While that WaS iïtåãåStiïg, it ñîuldï't
Üå Sustained îï à maSS Sñà1å. But it р1àïtåd the Seed of àïîthåã idåà. Looking at
gãååïhîuSå рãîjåñts in NeW Yîãk, the ãåSultiïg concept WaS 1àãgå-Sñà1å, iïdîîã, uãÜàï
àgãiñultuãå in SkóSñãàрåãS.
Â FîÏîWiïg this, DåSрîmmiåã Set up làÜîãàtîãó рãîjåñts aimed at diffåãåït deSign

challengeS and àttãàñtåd à Wide ãàïgå of enthusiaStic ñî1làÜîãàtîãS and ñîïtãiÜutîãS. Íå
Üå1iåVåS this Våãtiñà1 fàãmiïg method could Üå à Solution to Some of the Wîãld'S moSt
рãåSsiïg issueS The Wîãld population is expected to gãîW Üó thãåå ÜiØîï to 8 6 Üillіîï
îVåã the next hà1f ñåïtuãó. Âó thåï, Some 80 рåã cent of the Wîã1d'S population will live
in ñitiåS, and they Will need to åàt. At the Same timå, conVentional fàãm and gãàZiïg
1àïd takeS up àï åïîãmîuS amount of Sрàñå, with îVåã îïå-thiãd of the Wîã1d'S Suãfàñå
ñuããåïtló uSed fîã àgãiñultuãå. DåSрîmmiåã ÍguãåS that in the next HVe decadeS àï àãåà
of neW àãàÜ1å 1àïd ãîughló the Size of ÂãàZil Will Üå ãåquiãåd to feed the Wîãld'S gãîwiïg
population -1àïd that Simр1ó dîåSï't åõist.
Ñ DåSрîmmiåã'S concept ãåliåS îï using gãååï methods of àãñhitåñtuãå and màtåãià1S to

Üuild SkóSñãàрåãS that hîuSå, gãîW and рãîduñå ñãîрS. NeW màtåãià1S and tåñhïî1îgiås
Such aS ñhåàрåã ãåflåñtîãS, Which ãåÏåñt Sunlight whåãå it'S ïåådåd, mîãå efHcient
Sî1àã panels fîã åïåãgó and SóStåm,Widå ãåñóñ1iïg àãå iïtågãà1 to the р1àï. Îïå unuSual
fåàtuãå is the uSe of à type of Shå1msh to Íltåã Wàtåã. TheSe ñàï ñ1åàï uãÜàï SeWage to à
State SuitàÜlå fîã iããigàtiîï.
D `Îutsidå, îïå àñãå (0.4 of à håñtàãå) of 1àïd meanS îïå ñãîр à óåàã,' SayS DåSрîmmiåã.
ÌïdîîãS, you ñàï gãîW îïå ñãîр åVåãó thãåå mîïths. You ñàï get fîuã ñюрS à óåàã.' Íå
SuggeSts that 150 Such Üuі1diïgs could feed the åïtiãå city of NeW Yîãk fîã à óåàã Iïdîîã
ñюрS ãåquiãå leSS peSticide and àãå leSS SuÜjåñt to the рюÜlåms in ïàtuãå, Such aS
dãîught Some academicS Say that à Single SkóSñãàрåã fàãm ñîVåãiïg 1 3 håñtàãåS could
рãîduñå enough food to feed 35,000 рåîр1å fîã à óåàã -thå Same aS à 420,håñtàãå fàãm
Each flîîã of the deSign Would Üå ãiggåd up With hódãîрîïiñ Wàtåãiïg SyStems and
48 Fîñusiïg îï lELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåSts

àãtiÍñiàl lightiïg, and Sîlàã рàïå1S to рãîVidå ålåñtãiñitó. ÍîWåVåã, Våãtiñàl fàãmiïg is not
Without its ñhàllåïgås. Îïå is light -àãtiÍñiàl lighting uSeS à gãåàt deal of ålåñtãiñitó and
gåïåãàtåS ñîïSidåãàÜ1å håàt. Àïîthåã is ñîSt, With Some À$93 million рåã Üuildiïg fîã
ñîïStãuñtiîï and À$5.5 million à óåàã fîã îрåãàtiîï.
Å Among åõрåãts, opinionS Vàãó îï Whåthåã the рãî].åñt ñàï Suññååd. Ñãåàtiïg conditionS
SuitàÜlå fîã gãîWth is à SåãiîuS ñhàÏåïgå, and Some think the ñюр yield Would Üå
too loW to make economic SåïSå. `Ìó ÜiggåSt ãåSåãVàtiîï is that the ÜàSiñ рãåmiså is
flàWåd. We à1ãåàdó know hoW to iïñãåàSå food рюduñtiîï fãîm existing 1àïd ãåSouãñåS,
рàãtiñulàãló in àãåàS With Suãрlus land Such aS SuÜISàhàãàï Àfãiñà. lt'S just that We do it
iïñãådiÜló Üàdló at the mîmåït,' SayS RîÜ Âãîîk, à ãuãàl deVelopment ãåSåàãñhåã at the
UïivåãSitó of WaleS in Âàïgîã. 'Òhis is à ãiñh рåãSîï'S pipe dãåàm.'
F Yet thåãå is Stãîïg Suррîãt ålsåWhåãå. Luc Ìîugåîut, àï advocate of uãÜàï àgãiñultuãå
at Ñàïàdà'S Intemational DeVelopment RåSåàãñh Ñåïtãå, sayS the Våãtiñàl fàãm is not
îï1ó рîSsiÜ1å, Üut Will happen Within this gåïåãàtiîï. Ìt would collect at îïå Site à
divåãSitó of å1åmåïts àlãåàdó at Wîãk in Some fîãm îã àïîthåã àãîuïd the Wîãld,' he SàóS.
DåSрîmmiåã haS the Üàñkiïg of his uïivåãSitó aS Well aS Våïtuãå capitalists fãîm the
Middle ÅàSt, China and the Nåthåãlàïds.
lf the Våãtiñàl faming Vision ÜåñîmåS à ãåàlitó, We could Hnd îuãSålvåS îïñå again
enjoying fãåSh fãuit and VågåtàÜlåS Sîuãñåd fãîm just àãîuïd the ñîãïåã, except theSe
might come fãîm the 45th Ïîîã.
Questions 1-6
Reading PaSSage 1 has Six såñtiîïs, À-F.
Which section contains the folloWing iïfîãmàtiîï?
Wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåã, À-F, in ÜîõåS 14 îï óîèã àïSwåã shååt.
NB You òàó uSe àïó låttåã òîãå than îïñå.
1 dîuÜts àÜîut the fåàsiÜilitó ofthe рãîjåñt
2 the idea of moVing màãkåt gàãdåïS fãîm the îutskiãts to iïïåã-ñitó àãåàS
3 hoW the SyStem would aVoid ñuããåït àgãiñultuãà1 рãîÜlåms
4 à рãåViîus рãîgãàm that was not рãàñtiñàl fîã Widåsрãåàd use
5 sîuãñåS îf¨ïàïñià1 aSsistance to the рãîрîSà1
6 à method îfdåà1iïg with waste màttåã
Reading 49
Questions 7-10
Complete the notes Üålîw.
Choose NO MORE THALN THREE wORDS ÀLND/ÎR À NUMBER fãîò the pasSage fîã each
àïSwår:.
Wãitå óîèã àïswåãS in Üîõås 7-1Î îï óîèã àïSwåã shååt.
Questions 11 -1 Ç
Àïswåã the questions Üålîw.
Choose NO MORE THALN THREE WOHDs fãîò the passage fîã each àïswåã.
Wãitå óîèã àïswåãs in Üîõås 11-13 îï óîèã àïswåã shååt.
11 HoW will the iïdîîã fams get åïåãgó?
12 Besides the åõрåïSå, What îthåã ñhà1låïgå fîã iïdîîã fàãms must Üå dåà1. With?
13 When does Luc Mougeout Üå1iåVå that Dåsрîmmiåã's idea Will Üåñîmå à ãåàlitó?
5Î l=îñusiïg îï lELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

READING pASsAGE 2
You Should spend àÜîut 2Î minutes îï queStions 14-27.
Movements of the р1àïåts

Рåîр1å haVe рîïdåãåd the moVements of stàãs ñåïtãå of the sóståm, and the р1àïåts ñiãñ1åd the
and р1àïåts fîã aS 1îïg aS humans haVe Üååï îï Sun ãàthåã than the Åàãth. The рãîÜ1åm With
this Åàãth. Long ago it waS noticed that Some this explanation Was that many рåîр1å ÜåliåVåd
of the 1ights in the sky seemed рåãmàïåït in that man waS the ñåïtãå of the uïivåãså, and so
ãå1àtiîï to each îthåã and theSe Wåãå knoWn as not åVåãóîïå accepted it. CopemicuS aVoided
the `Åõåd StàãS' , WhåãåàS îthåã 1ights moVed this diØñultó Üó suggesting the thåîãó måãå1ó
àÜîut much mîãå fãååló and Wåãå ñà11åd `thå as à method of mîãå àññuãàtåló Wîãkiïg out the
WàïdåãåãS' . W¸ noW knoW the 1àttåã as the dateS of imрîãtàït ñålåÜãàtiîï dàóS. The thåîãó
р1àïåts and We also knoW that the Stàãs àãå got stãîïg suррîãt in the 17th ñåïtuãó, When the
Üó ïî means ¨õåd Üut moVe in рãådiñtàÜ1å eminent Ità1iàï mathematician and àstãîïîmåã
рàttåms. That Üîth StàãS and planets ñiãñ1åd the Gà1ilåî Gà1ilåi taught the Copemican syStem to
Sky îVåã 24 hîuãs Was thought to Üå ÜåñàuSå his Studåïts.
they ãåVîlvåd àãîuïd the Åàãth. The tå1åsñîрå WaS inVented in the Nåthåãlàïds
Îïå åàã1ó thåîãó dåsñãiÜåd the `musiñ of in the åàã1ó 17th ñåïtuãó and this à11îWåd fàã
the sрhåãås' . It Was Üå1iåVåd that the stàãS mîãå àññuãàtå måàSuãåmåïts of р1àïåtàãó
and р1àïåts Wåãå ¨õåd îï g1àSS-1ikå SрhåãåS motion to Üå tàkåï. The Gåãmàï àStãîïîmåã
that Wåãå ñåïtãåd îï the Åàãth and ñãåàtåd Johannes Êåр1åã uSed it to disñîVåã that the
håàVåï1ó music aS they mîVåd, this 1àttåã Üåliåf Copemican îÜsåãVàtiîïS Wåãå not quite ñîããåñt
рîssiÜ1ó îãigiïàtiïg fãîm the humming in the and so could not Üå uSed to рãådiñt the îãÜits
åàãs at high àltitudå. The Gãååk àstãîïîmåã, of the рlàïåts. CopemicuS had aSsumed that
mathematician and gåîgãàрhåã Ptolemy WaS the planets moVed in à ñiãñulàã path àãîuïd the
îïå of the Íãst to suggeSt à pattem to theSe Suï, Üut Êåр1åã found that they did ïît; they
moVements and in his Рtî1åmàiñ SyStem the moVed in ålliрSås. Íå then developed his thãåå
Suï, the Ìîîï and the р1àïåts each had à 1àWs of р1àïåtàãó mîtiîï, Which gaVe à mîãå
sрhåãå that moVed independently of the îthåãS, exact method of eStimating thåiã îãÜits. The
and the Stàãs Wåãå à11 ¨õåd îï the îutåãmîst åññåïtãiñ Danish àStãîïîmåã Tycho Âãàhå had
Sрhåãå. This system Was thus àÜ1å to account Üååï appointed as the ñîuãt àstãîïîmåã to the
fîã the diffåãiïg moVements then îÜsåãVåd. Íî1ó Roman Åmрåãîã and had made à 1àãgå
ïumÜåã of imрîãtàït îÜsåãVàtiîïs that Êåр1åã
Âó the 16th ñåïtuãó, mîãå àññuãàtå måàSuãiïg
needed fîã his thåîãiåS. ÍîWåVåã, à1thîugh
iïstãumåïts Wåãå àVàilàÜ1å, and using thåså,
Êåрlåã'S thãåå 1àWs explained 7!îW the р1àïåts
eVen Üåfîãå the teleScope Was dåVå1îрåd, à
mîVåd, they did not explain Wéó. This Was left
Рî1ish mîïk, Niñî1àuS ÑîрåmiñuS, spent much
to ISaac NeWton in the 18th ñåïtuãó.
of his 1ifå making fàã mîãå exact îÜsåãVàtiîïS
of the håàVåïS. Íå tãiåd to explain the ISaac NåWtîï'S inVention of the ãåÍåñtiïg
mathematicS Üåhiïd the р1àïåts ' moVements telescope is often Seen as à då¨ïiïg moment
Üut found that the ñiãñulàã moVement of à in the study of àStюïîmó, Üut in fact he
Sрhåãå could not explain Whó, fîã åõàmр1å, îï1ó enhanced it; the îãigiïàl telescope WaS
ÌàãS àррàãåïtló Stopped and Went Üàñkwàãds inVented in 1608 Üó the Dutchman Liррåãshåó
fîã à shîãt timå. Íå disñîVåãåd that the р1àïåts' Who used à conVex 1åïS in à tuÜå focusing
moVements could Üå fàã mîãå eaSily рãådiñtåd 1ight into àï åóåрiåñå. The ¨ãSt tå1åsñîрåS
if not the Åàãth Üut the Sun Wåãå р1àñåd in the continued >
Reading 51
Wåãå Seen as àï imрîãtàït militàãó inVention àstãîïîmåãs to ñhàãt the moVements of the stàãs
to detect the distant àррãîàñh of enemy and р1àïåts. Yet it WaS NåWtîï's disñîVåãó
sî1diåãS Üåfîãå Galileo uSed îïå to îÜsåãVå of the 1àWS of gãàVitó that åõр1àiïåd Why the
the night skó. NeWton disñîVåãåd that à р1àïåts moVe the Way they dî. It à1Sî åïàÜlåd
concave miããîã ãåÍåñtiïg ligh( onto à Hat two àstãîïîmåãs in the 20th ñåïtuãó to рãådiñ(
såñîïdàãó miããîã gaVe àï enhanced imàgå, the åõiståïñå, Üåfîãå it WaS Seen in tå1åSñîрås,
Which à11îWåd à much mîãå àññuãàtå VieW of àïîthåã smàll, îutåã àståãîid, Р1utî (à( ¨ãst
of the håàvåïS. Fuãthåmîãå, miããîãs Wåãå ñlàssi¨åd as à р1àïåt), Üó îÜSåãViïg slight
åàsiåã to màïufàñtuãå than lenseS and could Vàãiàtiîïs in the îãÜit of Uãàïus.
Üå made 1àãgåã, thus iïñãåàSiïg the àÜilitó of
QuestiOns 14-19
Look at the following statements (qèåstiîïs 14-19) and the list of рåîр1å Üålîw.
Match each statement with the ñîããåñt рåãsîï, ÀãÅ.
Wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåã, À-Å, in Üîõås 14-19 îï óîèã àïswåã Shååt.
NB You òàó use àïó låttåã òîãå than îïñå.
14 Àï àltåãàtiîï in the design led to àï imрãîVåmåït in à sñiåïti¨ñ iïStãumåït.
15 The р1àïåts took àï ågg-Shàрåd ãîutå.
16 The Science at the time did not àññîãd with what was îÜsåãVåd in the skó.
17 The р1àïåts ãåVî1Våd àãîuïd à diffåãåït îÜjåñt than WaS рãåviîuS1ó thîught.
18 À ãåVî1utiîïàãó thåîãó рãîVidåd ãåàSîïs fîã the màmåã in Which the р1àïåts tãàVå11åd.
19 The use of à tå1åSñîрå рãîVidåd eVidence that amended what àï åàã1iåã îÜsåãVåã had
fîuïd.
LEst of рåîр1å
À ptolemy
Â Niñî|àus Ñîрåãïiñus
Ñ Galileo Gà|ilåi
D JohanneS Êåр1åã
Å Isaac Newton
52 Fîñusiïg Îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

Questions 20-2Ç
Complete the sentenceS Üålîw.
Choose NO ÌÎÊÅ THAN THREE wORDS fãîò the paSSage fîã each àïswåã.
Wãitå óîèã àïswåãs in Üîõås 2Î-27 îï óîèã àïswåã shååt.
20 Åàã1ó îÜsåãvåãS uSed the tåãm to ãåfåã to fåàtuãås that àррåàãåd
to Üå motionleSS in the skó.
21 ÎÜjåñts that àррåàãåd to Üå mîÜilå àãå noW ãåfåããåd to as
22 Àññîãdiïg to àï åàã1ó Way îf{hiïkiïg, Was made Üó the motion
of ñå1åStià1 ÜîdiåS.
23 Ptolemy ÜåliåVåd that each р1àïåt moVed within its oWn
Questions 24-27
The diàgãàms ShoW the ÜàSiñ diffåãåïñåS Üåtwååï LiррåãShåó's and NåWtîï's deSigns fîã à
tå1åSñîрå.
LàÜål the diàgãàòS Üålîw.
ChooSe NO MORE THAN THREE wORDS fãîò the passage fîã each àïswåã.
Readihg 53
READING pAssAGE ç
You Should spend àÜîèt 20 minuteS îï queStionS 28ÀÎ.
HoW and Why does language

ñhàïgå?
Duãiïg the làttåã рàãt of the 19th ñåïtuãó, It WaS Üå|іåVåd that à Sound change affected
the WhoIe of à Ianguage at the Same tіmå: îïå Sound SyStem Would Smoothly deVeIop
іïtî the ïåõt, and àÏ Wîãds that contaIned à рàãtіñulàã Sound Would Üå affected in the
Same Wàó. We noW knoW that Such à change doeS not îрåãàtå m à SlmpIe màïïåã.
Some SрåàkåãS Iïtãîduñå the change into thåiã Speech Üåfîãå îthåãS; Some uSe іt mîãå
fãåquåïtló and ñîïSіStåïtló than îthåãS and Some Wîãds àãå affected Üåfîãå îthåãS. À
mîãå àññuãàtå VieW is to thlnk of à change gãàduàIIó Sрãåàdіïg thãîugh the WÎãds of
à Iàïguàgå. At f iãSt just à feW рåîр|å uSe the change îññàSюïàlló іï common Wîãds,
then à làãgå ïumÜåã of Wîãds àãå àffåñtåd, With the Sound gãàduà|Ió Üåiïg uSed mîãå
ñîïsiståïtló; then the màjîãitó of the Wîãds take up the ñhàïgå.
The eVidence fîã this kind of рãîñåSS haS Iàãgå1ó come fãîm SocioIInguistic StudieS of
the VàãiàtiîïS in mîdåãï làïguàgåS. TheSe StudieS рãîñååd îï the aSsumption that
Vàãіàtlîï іï |àïguàgå uSå, Which is found in àïó ñîmmuïitó, is evidence of the change
іï рãîgãåSS In à Ianguage DetaIIed îÜSåãVàtiîïS àãå made of the Way in WHch dіffåãåït
kinds of рåîр|å Speak in diffåãåït Sîñіàl SіtuàtiîïS. The рàãàmåtåãS that dåmîïStãàtå
theSe diffåãåïñåS àãå knoWn aS /t.ïgut'sft'ñ Vàãt.àÜ/ås. Åõàm.іïàtiîï of the fãåquåïñó With
Whіñh diffåãåït рåîр1å uSed à VàãIàÛå Ied to ñîïñ|usiîïS àÜîut the mîtivàtiîï, diãåñtlîï
and ãàtå of change in the |àïguàgå.
TheSe àãå SmàIl-Sñàlå StudiåS, Üut they haVe làãgå-Sñà|å imрliñàtiîïS. |t is likely that
the Same gãàduàl рãîñåSS of change affects whole |àïguàgåS aS WåÏ aS diàIåñts. The
måtàрhîã of à WaVe haS рãîVåd рàãtiñulàãló àttãàñtіVå Since the Iate 19th ñåïtuãó: à
change Sрãåàds thãîugh à |àïguàgå in much the Same Way aS à Stone Sends ãiррlåS
àñãîSS à pooI But eVen thls іmр|iåS too ãågulàã à moVement to account fîã the ãåà|іtó of
Sîñiî|iïguistiñ Vàãiàtiîï.
lt іS easy to ãåñîgïіZå à change in language -Üut onIy affer it haS taken р|àñå. |t is not
dimcult to ãåflåñt îï how рåîр1å Spoke SåVåãàl óåàãS ago to point to à neW Wîãd that
haS ãåñåïtló åïtåãåd the làïguàgå. What іS almoSt ImрîSsiÜ|å іS to рãådt.ñf à Ianguage
ñhàïgå. Which sîuïds, Wîãds îã gãàmmàtlñà| ñîïStãuñtiîï Will change іï the next tåï,
twenty óåàãS?
lt IS just aS difficult to Üå рãåñіSå àÜîut the îãIgіïS of à change 1ï làïguàgå. Who fіãSt
uSed the neW fîãm? Whåãå WaS it uSåd? And When åõàñtló? ÍStîãiñàI diñtiîïàãiåS
à|WàóS give àï àррãîõіmàtå date of åïtãó fîã à neW Wîãd îã måàï.Iïg -Üut theSe dateS
IïVàãiàÛó ãåf lect the åàãlIåSt knoWn uSe of that Wîãd іï the Wãtffåï làïguàgå. The f lãSt
uSe of the Wîãd іï Speech is aIWayS àï unknoWn ïumÜåã of óåàãS рãåVIîuS to thàt.
Òî îÜtàiï àïSWåãS to theSe quåSt.юïS, We need to knoW mîãå àÜîut Why |àïguàgå
ñhàïgås. lf We uïdåãStîîd the cauSeS of ñhàïgå, We could Üågіï to make рãådіñtюïS
54 Focusing îï lELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåSts

àÜîut When à change WaS |ikå|ó to take р|àñå, and îÜSåãVå it While it Was hàррåïiïg.
Òhåãå haS 1îïg Üååï imaginative Speculation îï the màttåã, With SuggeSted causeS
coming fãîm fiå|ds aS fàã àрàãt aS thåî|îgó and ñ|imàtî|îgó (Whiñh is à consequence
of human рhóSiñà| |îñàtiîï -thå mountain dwå||åã haVing à рhóSiî|îgiñà||ó diffåãåït
capacity fîã Speech ñîmрàãåd With the Và||åó dwå||åã). Some Sñhî|àãS haVe adopted à
highly peSsimistic ViåW, fåå|iïg that the cauSeS ñàï ïåVåã Üå fîuïd.
TheSe dàóS, the Speculation and peSsimism àãå Üåiïg ãåр|àñåd Üó àï jïñãåàSiïg
amount of Scientific ãåSåàãñh, Which haS shoWn that thåãå is ïî Siïgіå ãåàSîï fîã
|àïguàgå ñhàïgå. SåVåãà| fàñtîãS tuãï out to Üå imр|iñàtåd, Some to do With the ïàtuãå
of Sîñiåtó, and Some to do With the ïàtuãå of |àïguàgå Stãuñtuãå. When рåîр|å moVe
aWay fãîm each îthåã, thåiã |àïguàgå Will divåãgå, The two gãîuрS Will haVe diffåãåït
åõрåãiåïñåS, and at the Våãó |åàSt thåiã VîñàÜulàãó Will ñhàïgå. Similàã|ó, When рåîр1å
come into contact With each îthåã, thåiã |àïguàgå Will ñîïVåãgå. The sîuïds, gãàmmàã
and VîñàÜulàãó of îïå gãîuр àãå |ikå|ó to åõåãñiså Some influence îï the îthåã. TheSe
dàóS, the iïñãåàsåd mîÜilitó of рåîр|å, Within and Üåtwååï ñîUïtãiås, makes this à
màjîã fàñtîã.
NeW îÜjåñts and ideaS àãå conStantly Üåiïg ñãåàtåd, and |àïguàgå changeS to accept
thåm. At the Same timå, old îÜjåñts and ideaS faIl out of daily uSå, and the |àïguàgå
ãå|àtåd to them ÜåñîmåS îÜSî|åtå. Some change is the ãåSult of îïå population
imрåãfåñtló låàãïiïg the |àïguàgå of àïîthåã. This js à common îññuããåïñå, aS
illustãàtåd Üó many immigãàït gãîuрS, îã the |åVå|S of Üiliïguà|ism found in contact
àãåàS. The minohty |àïguàgå fîãms à Smà|| gãîuр that in the 1îïg tåãm influenceS
màjîãitó usàgå. Fîã åõàmр|å, SåVåãà| VàãiåtiåS of Àmåãiñàï Åïg|ish disр|àó the influence
of the WeSt Àfãiñàï |iïguistiñ Üàñkgãîuïd of its Ü|àñk рîрulàtiîï.
Рåîр|å come to tà|k |ikå thoSe they identify With îã àdmiãå -à рãîñåsS that may Üå
conScious îã suÜñîïSñiîuS. ConsciouS change ñàï Üå îÜSåãVåd in thoSe caSeS Whåãå
рåîр1å go out of thåiã Way to uSe îã aVoid ñåãtàiï fåàtuãåS of thåiã spoken îã Wãittåï
|àïguàgå -Suñh aS happened With the Åïg|ish рãîïîuï Whîm. SuÜñîïSñiîuS ñhàïgå,
Whåãå рåîр|å àãå not àWàãå of the diãåñtiîï in Which thåiã Speech is mîViïg, is |åSS
ïîtiñåàÜ|å, Üut fàã mîãå ñîmmîï. The moVement may Üå tîWàãds à fàVîuãåd accent îã
dià|åñt (îïå that haS poSitive рãåStigå), îã aWay fãîm îïå that is hå|d in |îW åStååm, The
SрåàkåãS àãå uSuà||ó àWàãå of the existence of |iïguistiñ diffåãåïñåS (Sàóiïg Such things
aS / ñÓîã7'f /і.kå fhe Way fhose рåîр/å fà/k), Üut uïàWàãå of àïó tãåïd in thåiã oWn Speech
ãå|àtåd to thåiã àttitudå.
Reading 55
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Questions 28-Ç4 +380674872766
ÑJюîså the ñîããåñt låttåã, À, Â, Ñ îã D.
Wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåã in Üîõås 28-34 îï óîèã àïswåã shååt.

28 What do `1iïguistiñ VàãiàÜlås' dî?
À They shoW hoW language is used diffåãåïtló Üó рåîр1å.
Â They рãîVå that changes in 1àïguàgås àãå uïрãådiñtàÜ1å.
Ñ They ãåñîãd laWs àÜîut hoW рåîр1å should sрåàk.
D They ShoW which рåîр1å iïtãîduñå 1iïguistiñ ñhàïgå.
29 What doeS the Wãitåã say is the ãå1àtiîïShiр Üåtwååï changes in languageS and in dià1åñts?
À À miïîãñhàïgå in à dià1åñt will sigïà1 à màjîã change in à 1àïguàgå.
Â Changes in 1àïguàgåS àãå ñ1îså1ó fî1lîWåd Üó changes in dià1åñts.
Ñ They Üågiï ãàрidló then sloW dîWï.
D Nåithåã ofthem happenS suddåï1ó.
30 When doeS the Wãitåã àssåãt that à gåïåãàl 1àïguàgå change ñàï Üå ãåñîgïisåd?
À When àï item of vîñàÜulàãó ¨ãSt comes into à language
Â àftåã à decade ofusage in the 1àïguàgå
Ñ When the màjîãitó ofpeople in à gãîuр have changed thåiã Way of speaking
D îï1ó fî11îWiïg the îññuããåïñå of the change
31 Àññîãdiïg to the Wãitåã, Why may location inHuence 1àïguàgå ñhàïgå?
À ThoSe fãîm wàãmåã р1àñåS àãå mîãå ñãåàtivå.
Â Diffåãåït åïViãîïmåïts may affect рåîр1å'S Üîdiås.
Ñ Рåîр1å 1iviïg in hills need diffåãåït åõрãåssiîïs fãîm thoSe in Và11åós.
D À1titudå affects the Speed oflanguage ñhàïgå.
32 What haS ãåñåït scientiEc ãåsåàãñh illustãàtåd?
À IïÍuåïtià1 рåîр1å ñàï dictate neW 1àïguàgå рàttåms.
Â Dimcult ãå1àtiîïshiрS Üåtwååï gãîuрs sloW doWn change in 1àïguàgå.
Ñ Social aspects oflanguage àãå the main inHuence îï ñhàïgå.
D Language change has multiple ñàuSås.
33 HoW doeS iïñãåàsåd mîÜilitó seem to affect language ñhàïgå?
À It speeds up the ãàtå at which neW 1àïguàgåS àãå 1åàmt.
Â ThoSe Who tãàVå1 ñàï stãugglå to adopt the neW 1àïguàgå.
Ñ Рåîр1å's language changes when they 1åàVå îthåã måmÜåãS of thåiã gãîuр.
D Dominant language tãàits àãå mîãå eaSily tãàïSрîãtåd.
34 Which aspect oflanguage change is moSt often fîuïd?
À changeS that the uSåãs thåmså1Vås do not notice
Â då1iÜåãàtå imitations to achieVe status
Ñ attempts Üó ïåWñîmåãS to imрюVå рãîïuïñiàtiîï
D åffîãts to keep VîñàÜulàãó up to date
56 FÎñus¨ïg îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

Questions Ç5-40
Do the folloWing statements àgãåå With the ñ1àims of the Wãitåã in Reading PasSage 3?
1ï Üîõås 354Î îï óîèã àïswåã sheet wãitå
YES if the Statement àgãååS with the ñ1àims of the Wãitåã
NO if the statement ñîïtãàdiñts the ñ1àims of the Whtåã
NOT GIVEN ifthåãå is ïî infomation îï this
35 Linguistic change îññuãS when à neW рãîïuïñiàtiîï is adopted åvåï1ó.

36 Pattems in Wàtåã àãå too even to Üå рãîрåãló ñîmрàãåd to pattems in 1àïguàgå.
37 Íistîãiñàl diñtiîïàãiåS ãåñîãd the ¨ãSt spoken uSe of à neW Wîãd.
38 In ãåñåït timås, new VîñàÜulàãó has рhmàãiló Üååï iïtãîduñåd thãîugh the å1åñtãîïiñ
mådià.
39 Change ñàï happen When neW sрåàkåãS ofa language make mistàkås.
40 Àï ås.àÜ1ishåd language ñàï Üå inHuenced Üó àï iïtãîduñåd làïguàgå.
Readihg 57
Reading Test Ç
ALL ANSwERS ìUSò âÅ wRIòòÅN oN òíÅ ANSWER SíÅÅò.
The test is divided as fîl1îWs:
Reading PasSage 1 QuestionS l to 14
Reading PasSage 2 QueStionS 15 to 28
Reading PaSSage 3 QueStionS 29 to 40
Stàãt at the Üågiïïiïg of the teSt and Wîãk thãîugh it. You Should àïSwåã à11 the quåstiîïS.
If you cannot do à рàãtiñulàã question leaVe it and go îï to the next îïå. You ñàï ãåtum
to it làtåã.
58 FOcusEng Îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

READING pAssAGE 1
You should Spend àÜîèt 2Î minutes îï questions 1-14.
The decline of ÀïgkÎã Wat

À Àïgkîã is the scene of îïå of the gãåàtåSt vanishing acts of à11 timå. The ancient Êhmåã
kingdom in mîdåãï ÑàmÜîdià laSted fюm the 9th to the 15th ñåïtuãó, and at its height
dominated à Wide àãåà of Sîuth-ÅàSt ÀSià, fãîm tîdàó'S Ìóàïmàã (Âuãmà) in the WeSt to
Vietnam in the åàSt. AS many aS 750,000 рåîр1å lived in Àïgkîã, its ñàрitàl, making it the
moSt extenSive uãÜàï complex of the рãå-iïdustãiàl Wîãld. Âó the late 16th ñåïtuãó, When
РîãtuguåSå missiîïàãiåS came àñãîSS the lîtus-Shàрåd tîWåãS of Àïgkîã Wàt, the Wîãld'S
làãgåSt ãåligiîuS mîïumåït, the åmрiãå WaS in its Íïà1 рhàSå.
Â Exactly What cauSed the decline is not kïîWï; iïVàdåãS, à change of ãåligiîï, à Shift to
màãitimå tãàdå that condemned àï inland city àãå à11 guåSSWîãk. The рåîр1å of Àïgkîã left
not à Single Wîãd explaining thåiã kiïgdîm'S ñîllàрSå. Recent åõñàVàtiîïS, not of the temple
itself Üut of the iïfãàStãuñtuãå that made the vaSt city рîSsiÜlå, àãå SuggeSting à neW àïSWåã.
Àïgkîã, it Sååms, WaS doomed Üó the Våãó ingenuity that îãigiïàlló gaVe ãiså to it: the ñîïtãîl
of Wàtåã, the moSt Vital of ãåSîuãñåS, Slipped àWàó.
Ñ Òî åïSuãå à Steady Wàtåã Suррló, StàÜilizå ãiñå рãîduñtiîï and ñîïtюl Ïîîdiïg, Êhmåã
åïgiïååãS had Üuilt à ïåtwîãk of ñàïàls, mîàts, ponds and ãåSåãVîiãS. MaSsive åàãthwîãks
SloWed the Wåt~SåàSîï deluge ÏîWiïg fãîm the êulåï íills, diãåñtiïg it into canals that fed
the ÜàãàóS (àãtiÍñiàl ÜîdiåS of Wàtåã) and temple mîàts. Sрãåàdiïg àñãîSS the gently Sloping
làïd, the Wàtåã dãàiïåd Íïà11ó into the Òîï1å Sàр, the làãgåSt fãåShwàtåã lake in Sîuth-ÅàSt
ÀSià. This SyStem guàãàïtååd à Wàtåã Supply that did not ãå1ó îï the mîïSîîï. But this
ãåliàÜilitó ãåquiãåd massive feats of åïgiïååãiïg, including à ãåsåãVîiã called the West Âàãàó,
Which is 8 kilîmåtãåS 1îïg and à[mîSt thãåå Widå. Òî Üuild this thiãd and moSt sophisticated
of Àïgkîã'S 1àãgå ãåsåãVîiãs à thouSand óåàãS àgî, aS many aS 200,000 Êhmåã Wîãkåãs may
haVe Üååï needed to pile up ïåàã1ó 16 million ñuÜiñ óàãds of Soil in åmÜàïkmåïts 300 feet
Wide and thãåå StîãiåS tàll. Òî this day the ãåñtàïgulàã ãåSåãvîiã is fed Üó Wàtåã divåãtåd fãîm
the Siem Reap ãivåã.
D Òîdàó'S ãåsåàãñhåãS haVe Üååï amaZed Üó the àmÜitiîï of Àïgkîã'S åàã1ó åïgiïååãS. `Òhå
åïtiãå landscape is àãtiÍñiàl,' says îïå. Îvåã såVåãàl ñåïtuãiåS, huïdãåds of mileS of canals
and dykeS that ãåliåd îï suÜtlå diffåãåïñås in the làïd's ïàtuãàl inclination Wåãå ñîïStãuñtåd
to divåãt Wàtåã fãîm thãåå diffåãåït ãivåãS to the Üàãàós. Duãiïg the Summåã monSoon
mîïths, îVåãÏîW channels Ülåd off exceSS Wàtåã àïd, àftåã the ãàiïS рåtåãåd out in ÎñtîÜåã
îã NîVåmÜåã, iããigàtiîï channels dispenSed the Stîãåd Wàtåã. The Üàãàós may haVe helped
ãåïåW Soil mîistuãå Üó alloWing Wàtåã to Soak into the åàãth.1ï Suããîuïdiïg Íålds, Suãfàñå
åvàрîãàtiîï Would haVe dãàWï up the gãîuïdwàtåã to Supply ñãîрS.
Å The ñlåVåã Wàtåã SyStem may haVe made the diffåãåïñå Üåtwååï mådiîñãitó and gãåàtïåSs.
Much of the kiïgdîm'S ãiñå Was gãîWï in fields With åmÜàïkmåïts that Would îthåãWiså haVe
ãåliåd îï monSoon ãàiïS îã the seaSonal ÏîW and åÜÜ of Wàtåã îï the Ïîîdрlàiï. Iããigàtiîï
continued >
Reading 59
Would haVe ÜîîStåd hàãvåSts. The SyStem could also have рãîVidåd SuãVivàl ãàtiîïS duãiïg
à рîîã monSoon SåàSîï, and the àÜilitó to divåãt and hold Wàtåã Would have àffîãdåd à
måàSuãå of рãîtåñtiîï fãîm flîîds. When îthåã kingdoms in Sîuth,ÅàSt ASia Wåãå stãuggliïg
With too little îã too much Wàtåã, Àïgkîã'S WàtåãWîãks Would haVe Üååï àï åõtãåmåló-VàluàÜlå
àSsåt.
F Ñuãiîusló, thåãå is good eVidence that suggeSts the SyStem WaS demolished Üó Àïgkîã's
oWn åïgiïååãS; îïå of the huge spillwayS that WaS uSed to ãåmîVå exceSS Wàtåã had Üååï
dåStюóåd. ÍîWåvåã, Why this should have Üååï done ãåmàiïS à complete móStåãó. The ãuiïS
of the Sрi[lwàó àãå à vital clue to àï epic Stãugglå that unfolded aS gåïåãàtiîïS of Êhmåã
åïgiïååãs coped With à Wàtåã SyStem that gãåW åVåã mîãå ñîmр[åõ and uïãuló. The moSt
logical explanation is that à dam fàilåd. The ãivåã may haVe cheWed into the dàm, gãàduàlló
Weakening it. РåãhàрS it WaS WaShed aWay Üó àï unuSually heaVy Ïîîd, the kind that comeS
à1îïg åvåãó ñåïtuãó îã eVen åvåãó 500 óåàãs. The Êhmåã then ãiррåd àрàãt much of the
StîïåWîãk, Salvaging the Ülîñks fîã îthåã рuãрîSåS.
Questions 1ú
Reading PaSSage 1 haS Six рàãàgãàрhs, À-F.
Which рàãàgãàрh containS the fî11îWiïg iïfîmàtiîï?
Wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåã, À-F, in Üîõås 14 îï óîèã àïswåã shååt.
1 à mention îfiïñãåàSåd food рãîduñtiîï
2 рîSsiÜlå ãåàSîïS fîã the dåstãuñtiîï of àï iããigàtiîï fåàtuãå
3 àÜãiåfîutliïå ofacivilisation atits peak
4 àï eStimation of the làÜîuã fîãñå inVolved in the ñîïstãuñtiîï of the Wàtåã SyStem
5 mîdåm-dàó ãåàñtiîïs to à ñîmрlåõ, màï-màdå SyStem
6 speculation àÜîut the fall ofan åmрiãå
6Î FocusEng Îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

Questions 7-10
Complete each sentence with the ñîããåñt åïdiïg, i-vi, fãîò the list Üålîw.
Wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåã, i-vi, in Üîõås 7-10 îï óîèã àïswåã shååt.
7 When VisitîãS fãîm the West àããivåd
8 When Àïgkîã'S iããigàtiîï Wîãkåd wå11
9 When the thiãd ãåSåãVîiã WaS ñîïStãuñtåd
10 When the monsoon failed
i thåwàtåãsóStåm waS àÜ|åtî ñîmрåïsàtå.

ii thestone Ü|îñks had disàррåàãåd.
iii it îutрåãfîãmåd ïåighÜîuãiïg sóStåms.
iv à changewas madethatstill åõiststîdàó.
v theSystem could use aII thåwàtåãsuрр|iåd.
vi thekingdomwaSin its|àStstàgåS.
Questions 11 -14
Do the fîl1îWiïg statements àgãåå With the infomiation given in Reading Passage 1?
1ï ÜîõåS 11-14 îï óîèã àïSwåã sheet wãitå
TRUE if the Statement àgãåås with the infomation
FALSE if the statement ñîïtãàdiñts the iïfîãmàtiîï
11 Ìissiîïàãiås accidentally damaged some stãuñtuãåS at Àïgkîã Wàt.

12 Àïgkîã's iïhàÜitàïts left màïusñãiрts рãîVidiïg iïfîãmàtiîï àÜîut the demise of
thåiã sîñiåtó.
13 The syStem àtÀïgkîãWàt took à feW huïdãåd óåàãS to ñîïstãuñt.
14 ÎVåã the óåàãs, the iããigàtiîï syStem Üåñàmå hàãdåã to ñîïtãî1.
Reading 61
READING pAssAGE 2
You Should spend àÜîèt 20 minuteS îï questionS 15-28.
The need fîã Üushfiãås

The ріàït communities that gãîW îï the àãid sandy soils of the sîuth-Wåståãï ñîãïåã
of Àustãà|ià depend Îï fiãå fÎã thåiã suãvivà|. The Iand håãå is sO рîîã in ïutãiåïts and
in summåã so Üàkåd Üó the sun that à fîãåst of tà|I tãåås cannot gãîw. |ïståàd thåãå is
à |oW Üush mixed with à sñàttåã of tãåås, feW of Which àãå mîãå than 2Î feet high. Òî
Üîtàïists, howåVåã, it is à Wîïdåã|àïd With flîwåãs of gãåàt Üåàutó, Våãó feW of which have
Üååï seen gãîwiïg in the wild Üåfîãå. FÎã this îïå ñîãïåã of the continent contains ïî
|åss than 12,ÎÎÎ diffåãåït р|àït species and 87 рåã cent of them gãîw ïîWhåãå eIse in
the wîã|d. This individuality stems fãîm the fact thàt, 5Î million óåàãs àgî, ÀustãàIià Was
рàãtló ñîvåãåd Üó à shà|Iîw sea that såрàãàtåd the Wåståãï рàãt of the continent fãîm the
ãåst. As Àustãà|ià gãàduàIIó Wàãmåd, this sea dãiåd uр, Üut it Ieft Üåhiïd à wide expanse
of sàïd, so that the Wåståãï ñîãïåã is cut off Üó dåsåãt and its ancient isîіàtiîï is stiіI to
some extent åvidåït.
Fiãå has ãågulàãіó Üumt this |àïd thãîughîut its ãåñåït gåîIîgiñà| histîãó. The pIants have
åvî|våd with it, so now they àãå not îï|ó WelI àÜ|å to suãVivå its dåstãuñtiîï Üut haVe come
to depend îï it and use it to thåiã oWn àdvàïtàgå.
The åuñà|óрts îã gum tãåås that gãîW thåãå often take the рåñuliàã fîãm known as .
species that å|såwhåãå Üåñîmå ïîãmà|-Iîîkiïg tãåås gãîW håãå in such à diffåãåït Way
that they might Üå thought to Üå à ñîmр|åtåIó diffåãåït kiïd. Instead of à single tãuïk that
onIy has Üãàïñhås some height àÜîvå the gãîuïd, they have à massive ãîîtstîñk fãîm
Which ãiså haIf à doZen thin tãuïks of à common håight. Òî uïiïfîãmåd eyes it |Îîks as if
they had Üååï tãimmåd to sizå. When fiãå sweeps thãîugh mà|Iåå, the sіåïdåã tãuïks àãå
often tîtàI|ó Üumt and dåstãîóåd. But the ãîîtstîñk, cIose to the gãîuïd îã just Üå|îw its
suãfàñå, Üåàãs à ãiïg of stãîïg Üuds fãîm which neW stems ãàрidló sрãîut. They gãîW mÎãå
quickly and vigîãîusló than the îId, рàãtló Üåñàuså the gãîuïd has Üååï ãåñåïtló fåãtilisåd
Üó the ash of îthåã р|àïts, and рàãtló Üåñàuså, to Üågiï with, thåãå àãå feW suãvivîãs with
such Wå|I-åstàÜ|ishåd ãîît systems competing fÎã those ïutãiåïts.
The ÜîttlåÜãush, ãå|àtåd to the åuñàIóрts, рãîduñås sрåñtàñulàã ñіuståãs of Üãight ãåd
flîWåãs at the end of its ståms, which àttãàñt indigenous Üiãds. But it will not shed àïó
seed they рãîduñå uïіåss thåãå is à fiãå. so examining à ÜîttlåÜãush ñàï ãåvåàI hoW Iong
it is since fiãå passed that Wàó. À|I you have to do is to count the ïumÜåã of ñ|uståãs of
seeds still attached along the Üãàïñh and that will telI you hoW many óåàãs the р|àït has
ãåmàiïåd uïÜuãït.
The Üàïksià, à tãåå Üå|Îïgiïg to the рãîtåà fàmiló, à|sî ãåIiås îï fiãå. It takes àÜîut à óåàã
fÎã the seeds to màtuãå. Like the ÜÎttlåÜãush, some Üàïksiàs Will not shed thåiã seeds
unIess thåãå is à fiãå. lïdååd, it is aImost imрîssiÜ|å to ãåmîVå them fãîm the р|àït
Üåñàuså they àãå heId in hàãd, woody ñàрsuіås. But as the fіàmås Üuãï the Üãàïñhås, the
intense heat causes the capsules to îрåï. Âó ãåIåàsiïg thåiã seeds onIy àftåã à fiãå, the
Üàïksiàs åïsuãå that they fàі| îï wåI|-ñlåàïåd, Üãightló |it gãîuïd ãåñåïtló fåãtilisåd with
62 FocusEng Îï lELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

ash and so get the most fàvîuãàÜIå of stàãts in What is, eVen at Üåst, àï åõtãåmåIó hàãsh
and demanding åïviãîïmåït.
This ñîuïtãó is aIso îïå of the håàdquàãtåãs of the gãàss tãåå, Which is ãåà|Ió ïåithåã à
gãàss ïîã à tãåå. |t is à distant ãå|àtivå of the Iiliås. But it does haVe våãó Iong ïàããîw
IeaVes that ãåsåmÜIå gãàss, and they àãå ÜÎãïå in à gãåàt shOck îï the top of à stem that
looks |ikå the tãuïk of à tãåå and may Üå up to 1Î feet high. Íîwåvåã, the ñîãå of this
tãuïk is not timÜåã Üut fiÜãå and what seems to Üå Üàãk, is, in fàñt, the tightly compacted
Üàsås of the Iåàvås, Which àãå shed àïïuàI|ó fãîm Üåïåàth the ñãîWï as the pIant gãîWs
highåã. These Üàsås àãå gIued tîgåthåã Üó à copious floW of gum and they fîãm à Våãó
efficient heat iïsulàtiÎï. since the pIant sheds îïå ãiïg of Ieaves àïïuà|Ió, counting
the ãiïgs of Üàsås in this fiãåрãîîf jacket gives àï indication of àgå. When the Üushfiãå
fіàmås do ñîmå, they quiñkіó Üuãï off the gãåàt tuft of IåàVås, Which iïñiïåãàtå àіmîst
iïstàïtàïåîusіó. But the ståm, suããîuïdåd Üó its fiãåguàãd, ãåmàiïs uïhàãmåd and the
|åàvås àãå quickly ãågãîwï.
Questions 15-18
Complete the sentences Üålîw.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE wÎÊDS ÀND/ÎR À NUMBER fãîò the passage fîã each
àïSwåã.
15 The Sîuth-Wåståm рàãt îfÀustãà1ià is dåsñãiÜåd as à fîã scientists
Who Study р1àïts.
of the diffåãåït kinds of plants in the Sîuth-Wåståm рàãt of Àustãà1ià
ñàï îï1ó Üå found in that àãåà.
17 îïñå divided the Àustãàliàï ñîïtiïåït.
18 When the tåmрåãàtuãå in Àustãàlià SlîW1ó ãîså, the sea disàррåàãåd and à gãåàt àãåà of
WaS 1åft Üåhiïd.
Reading 63
Questions 19-2Ç
Choose the ñîããåñt låttåã, À, Â, Ñ îã D.
wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåã in ÜîõåS 19-23 îï óîèã àïswåã Shååt.

19 What is uïuSuà1 àÜîut the 1àïd in sîuth-Wåsñåm Àustãàlià?
À Itis cut îfffãîmthå ãåSt ofthe ñîïtiïåït.
Â The soil containS Våãó 1ittlå ïîuãishmåït.
Ñ It has many åïdàïgåãåd р1àïts.
D The soil composition haS ãåmàiïåd unchanged fîã many óåàãS.
20 What is the sigïi¨ñàïñå of ¨ãå to Sîuth-WåStåm Àustãà1ià?
À It is àï àïïuà1 рãîÜ1åm to the åïViãîïmåït.
Â It caused рåãmàïåït damage to soil millionS of óåàãS àgî.
Ñ Vegetation is ãå1iàïtuрîï it.
D It keeps the àãåà isî1àtåd fãîm the ãåst ofthe ñîïtiïåït.
21 whàtismà11åå?
À à tãåå type that has multiр1å appendageS ãisiïg fãîm the gãîuïd
Â àtãåå With à Stãîïg sî1id ÜàSå àÜîVå gãîuïd
Ñ рàãt ofa tãåå that is Üåïåàth the suãfàñå
D the Üumt ãåmàiïs of à dåsåãt tãåå
22 What effect does ¨ãå haVe îï the ÜîttlåÜãush tãåå?
À It will îï1ó gãîW in the aSh låftàftåã à ¨ãå.
Â The Üumtр1àït àррåà1s to Üiãdlifå.
Ñ Fiãå рãåVåïts Üiãds fãîm dåStãîóiïg the р1àït.
D It will ïîtãå1åàSå its seeds without à Íãå.
23 What effect does ¨ãå have îï Üàïksià gãîWth?
À Fiãå ñàããiås seeds to mîãå fåãtilå àãåàS.
Â The aSh fãîmthå ¨ãå dåStãîóS oxygen in the Sîil.
Ñ The high tåmрåãàtuãåS fîãñå.hå Seed caSeS to îрåï.
D Fiãå dåstãîós îthåã р1àïts that compete fîã ãåSîuãñås.
64 Fîñusiïg îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

Questions 24-28
Do the fî11îWiïg Statements àgãåå With the iïfîãmàtiîï given in Reading PasSage 2?
1ï Üîõås 24-28 îï óîèã àïswåã sheet wãitå
TRUE if the statement àgãåås with the iïfîãmàtiîï
FALSE if the Statement ñîïtãàdiñts the infonnation
NOT GIVEN ifthåãå is ïî infonnation îï this
24 Most of the р1àïts in thåiã ïàtuãà1 åïViãîïmåït in sîuth-WåStåm Àustãà1ià àãå fàmiliàã
to üîtàïists.
25 Åuñà1óрts in sîuth-Wåståm Àustãà1ià haVe à diffåãåït àррåàãàïñå to åuñà1óрts in îthåã
р1àñåS.
26 Fiãå affects åuñà1óрts in îthåã рàãts îfÀustãà1ià aS Wål1 as in the sîuth-Wåståm ãågiîï.
27 It is рîSsiÜlå to tå11 the age of à ÜîttlåÜãush Üó 1îîkiïg at it.
28 The compoSition ofthe gãàss tãåå is diffåãåït fãîm hoW it àррåàãs.
Reading 65
READING pAssAGE ç
You should spend àÜîut 20 minutes îï questions 29ÀÎ.
Questions 29-Ç5
Reading PasSage 3 has seVen рàãàgãàрhs, À-G.
ChooSe the ñîããåñt heading fîã each рàãàgãàрh fãîò the list of headings Üålîw.
Wãitå the ñîããåñt ïuòÜåã, iã-iõ, in Üîõås 29-35 îï óîèã àïswåã Shååt.
LEst of headEngs
i Ìîãå àttãàñtivå ideas fîã Iîïg-ãàïgå Space tãàvå|
ii Àï ideaI sizeofa рîSsiÜ|åsîuãñåîfрîwåã
iii stàãStîî fàãtî ãåàñh with рãåsåït-dàótåñhïîlîgó
iv À pIentiful suрр|óîf рîwåã in Sрàñå?
v UnlikeIy Suggestions fîã iïtåãStå|IàãtãàvåI
vi The ageing рãîñåss fîã space tãàvå|låãS
vii Dàïgåãsîf using dàãkmàttåãàSfuåI
viii À màï-màdå рîwåãSîuãñå
ix Åïåãgó gåïåãàtåd and speed ãåàñhåd using dàãk màttåã
66 FocusEng Îï lELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

Reaching the StàãS
À Îuã ïåàãåst Stàã, Рãîõimà Ñåïtàuãi, is 4.21ight óåàãS aWay -mîãå than 200,000 times the
distance fãîm the Åàãth to the Suï. Such VaSt dis.àïñåS Would seem to put the stàãs wå1l
Üåóîïd the ãåàñh of human åõрlîãåãS. Suppose We had Üååï àÜ1å to ãidå àÜîàãd NÀSÀ'S
Vîóñzgåã J, the faStest iïtåãstållàã space рãîÜå yet Üuilt. Vîóÿgåã J is noW heading out of the
Sî1àã System at àÜîut 17 kilîmåtãåS рåã såñîïd. At this ãàtå it Would take 74,000 óåàãs to ãåàñh
Рãîõimà Ñåïtàuãi.
Â What Would it take fîã humans to ãåàñh the stàãs Within à 1ifåtimå? Fîã à stàãt, We Would
need à Sрàñåñãàft that ñàï tãàVå1 at ñ1îSå to the speed of light. Òhåãå haS Üååï ïî Shîãtàgå of
рãîрîsàls: Våhiñ1ås рãîрå11åd Üó ãåрåàtåd Ülàsts fãîm hódãîgåï ÜîmÜs, îã fãîm the dåStãuñtiîï
of màttåã and àïtimàttåã. Îthåãs ãåsåmÜ1å huge sailing shipS With giant ãåÍåñtivå Sàils, pushed
à1îïg Üó làsåãS. À11 of these àmÜitiîus Schemes haVe thåiã disàdvàïtàgås, and it is dîuÜtful
they could ãåà11ó go the distàïñå.
Ñ NoW thåãå àãå two ãàdiñà1 neW рîSsiÜilitiåS îï the tàÜ1å that might just åïàÜ1å us, îã at 1åàSñ
îuã dåSñåïdàïts, to ãåàñh the StàãS. Îïå phySicist has outlined his deSign fîã à Sрàñåñãàft
рîWåãåd Üó dàãk màttåã, Which is àррàãåïtló åõtãåmå1ó àÜuïdàït, eVen if We cannot see it. And
two mathematicianS haVe рãîрîSåd à ñãàft рîWåãåd Üó àï àãti¨ñià1 Ülàñk hî1å.
D NîÜîdó disputes that Üuildiïg à ship рîWåãåd Üó Ü1àñk hî1ås îã dàãk màttåã Would Üå
åõtãåmå1ó dimñult. Yåt, ãåmàãkàÜló, thåãå seems to Üå nothing in îuã рãåsåït uïdåãStàïdiïg
of phySics to рãåVåït uS fãîm making åithåã of thåm. Most àstãîïîmåãs àãå conVinced of the
existence of dàãk màttåã Üåñàuså of the Way its gãàVitó pulls îï the Stàãs and gà1àõiås We See
With îuã tå1åsñîрåS. Such îÜsåãVàtiîïS Suggest that dàãk màttåã outweighs the uïivåãSå'S
VisiÜlå màttåã Üó à fàñtîã of àÜîut siõ, So à dàãk màttåã stàãShiр could pick up its fuel îï the
Way and Would thåãåfîãå not need to ñàããó àïó.
Å It is Speculated that dàãk màttåã рàãtiñ1ås could Üå made to ñî11idå, thus annihilating each îthåã
and ñîïVåãtiïg thåiã mass to åïåãgó. Îïå kilîgãàm of dàãk màttåã could ãå1åàSå 10 Üilliîï
times mîãå åïåãgó than 1 kilîgãàm of dóïàmitå. EVen 1åSs ñåãtàiï is the detail of how à
dàãk màttåã ãîñkåt might Wîãk. The màttåã could Üå ñîl1åñtåd and ñîmрãåssåd, which Would
iïñãåàSå its annihilation ãàtå, and the quiñkåã it tãàvå1s, the quiñkåã it Would scoop up its fuå1
and àññålåãàtå. It is thought that such à ãîñkåt might Üå àÜ1å to come ñ1îSå to the speed of 1ight
Within à feW dàóS.
F Àïîthåã рîssiÜilitó concems the ñîïstãuñtiîï of à ãîñkåt using à Ülàñk hole aS fuå1. Våãó
smàl1 Ü1àñk hî1åS emit fàã mîãå ãàdiàtiîï than 1àãgå, Stå11àã-màSs Ülàñk hî1ås, àññîãdiïg to the
equationS dåsñãiÜiïg Ülàñk hî1ås. À Ü1àñk hî1å Weighing àÜîut à million tonnes would make à
рåãfåñt åïåãgó sîuãñå, it has Üååï ñà1ñulàtåd. It is smà11 enough to gåïåãàtå enough ãàdiàtiîï
to рîWåã à stàãshiр, yet 1àãgå enough to SuãVivå Without ãàdiàtiïg à11 its mass duãiïg à tóрiñà1
stå1làã joumey of àÜîut 100 óåàãS in duãàtiîï.
ñîïéïuåd >
ReadEng 67
G Råñåïtló, îïå рîssiÜilitó is to hunt fîã à рãå-åõistiïg Ü1àñk hîlå, Üut thåîãists haVe Üååï
sñåрtiñà1 and рãåfåã àï à1tåmàtivå рãîрîsà1 of making îïå. Òî ñãåàtå à Ü1àñk hole îïå Would
need to ñîïñåïtãàtå à tãåmåïdîuS amount of åïåãgó into à tiny Volume îf, sàó, 20 ñuÜiñ
måtãås. Sîlàã åïåãgó Would Üå ñîl1åñtåd in sî1àã рàïåls, each 250 kilîmåtãåS àñãîss, îãÜitiïg
just à feW million kilomåtãås aWay fãîm the Sun and soaking up suï1ight fîã àÜîut à óåàã. The
ãåSultiïg milliîï-tîïïå Ü1àñk hî1å Would Üå àÜîut the size of àï atomic ïuñ1åuS. The next step
Would Üå to màïîåuVãå it into the focal ãàïgå of à рàãàÜîliñ miããîã attached to the Üàñk of the
ñãåW quàãtåãS of à stàãShiр. The ãåsultiïg gamma ãàó photons Would Üå the stàãShiр's exhaust
and Would push it fîãWàãds. À Ülàñk-hî1å stàãshiр could àññå1åãàtå to ñ1îSå to the speed of
light in à feW dåñàdås, it is thîught, and îïñå you Wåãå tãàVål1iïg at this Speed in óîuã stàãshiр,
time Would S1îW doWn fîã óîu, so you Would age mîãå SloWly than óîuã fhends and family
Üàñk îï Åàãth.
Questions Ç6-37
Choose TWO låttåãs, À-Å.
Which TWO рãîрîSà1S to рîWåã Suрåãshiрs might à11îW рåîр1å to tãàVå1 to the stàãs Within à
human lifåsрàï?
wãitå tl.å ñîããåñt låttåã in Üîõås 36-37 îï óîèã àïswåã shååt.
À hódãîgåïÜîmÜs
Â 1àsåã-dãivåï sails
Ñ Ü1àñk holes
D dàãk màttåã
Å sî1àãåïåãgó
Questions Ç8I40
Complete the søòòàãó Üålîw.
Choose NO MORE THAN ONE WORD fãîò the passage fîã each àïswår.
wãitå óîèã àïswåãs in Üîõås 384Î îï óîèã àïSwåã shååt.
Îïå thåîãó рãîрîsås à ñî11isiîï of dàãk màttåã 38 ' Which Would üå
mutuà11ó dåstãîóåd, thus ãåSultiïg in à tãàïsfîãmàtiîï of thåiã рhósiñà1 components into
. Such à рãîñåduãå Would Üå ñàрàÜ1å of рãîduñiïg VaStly gãåàtåã fîãñå
than using à ñîïVåïtiîïà1 åõр1îsivå. Acquisition and ñîmрãåSsiîï of the màttåã Would speed up
and the Våhiñ1å might àррãîàñh light Speed in à Våãó Shîãt timå.

Reading Test 4
ALL ANSwERs ìUSò âÅ wRIòòÅN oN òíÅ ANSwER SíÅÅò.
The teSt is divided aS fîllîWS:
Reading PaSSage 1 QueStionS l to 14
Reading PaSSage 2 QuestionS 15 to 28
Reading PaSSage 3 QueStions 29 to 40
Stàãt at the Üågiïïiïg of the teSt and Wîãk thãîugh it. You should àïSWåã à11 the quåStiîïS.
If you cannot do à рàãtiñulàã queStion 1åàvå it and go îï to the next îïå. You ñàï ãåtum
to it làtåã.
ReadEng 69
READING pAssAGE 1
You should Spend àÜîut 2Î minutes îï questions 1-14.
What àãå shàãås fÎã?

À À company that is quoted îï the Stock exchange îffåãS ShàãåS in its îWïåãShiр to àïóîïå
Who Wants to Üuó thåm. À 1àãgå company may issue millionS of ShàãåS. Òhåãå àãå SåVåãà1
types of Shàãås, Üut the moSt common àãå called `îãdiïàãó' ShàãåS. If you Üuó îïå, you àãå
à рàãt-îWïåã, îã Shàãåhîldåã, in the ñîmрàïó, With the ãight to Shàãå in its рãî¨ts, to attend
Üîàãd meetings and to Vote îï key issueS and àррîiïtmåïts. You ñàï Sål1 óîuã ShàãåS if
Someone is Willing to Üuó thåm.
Â The рãiñå of à Shàãå changeS à11 the timå: it may Üåàã little ãålàtiîï to the caSh value of the
company if àÏ its aSSets Wåãå to Üå Sîld. Òhåãå haVe Üååï many ñàSåS, fîã iïStàïñå, Whåãå
the Üuildiïgs oWned Üó à company wåãå gãîSS1ó uïdåãvà1uåd and its Shàãå рãiñå WaS much
1îWåã than it Should haVe Üååï. Îï the îthåã hàïd, When the Stock màãkåts of the Wîãld àãå
Üîîmiïg, many companieS àãå Valued at much highåã рãiñåS in the Stock màãkåt than thåiã
`ãåà1' Vàluå. And thåãå àãå neW ñhàÏåïgåS to Valuation -hîW, fîã åõàmр1å, do you Và1uå à
high,tåñh company WhoSe рãîduñts change åvåãó feW mîïths, and WhoSe ãåà1 åàãïiïg рîWåã
ãåSidåS in the ÜãàiïS of its tà1åïtåd åmрlîóååS? The constantly changing diffåãåïñå Üåtwååï
the màãkåt capitalization -Whiñh is åSSåïtià11ó the total Và1uå of àÏ à ñîmрàïó'S ShàãåS at the
ñuããåït màãkåt рãiñå -àïd the `ãåà1' Value is îïå of the gãåàt themes of Stock màãkåt àïà1óSis.
Ñ ShàãåS àãå Volatile -thåiã рãiñåS go up and doWn à11 the time aS рåîр1å Üuó and Sell thåm.
À11 Sîãts of fàñtîãS influence the рãiñåS of ShàãåS, including company àïà1óSis, рîlitiñà1
ñhàïgå, ïàtuãàl disàStåãs, WàãS and economic fluñtuàtiîïS, Üut îïå of the main fàñtîãS is the
ÜåhàViouã of рåîр1å Who Üuó shàãåS, îã, aS Some Would have it, `thå madneSS of ñãîWds'. If
many iïVåStîãs think the рãiñå of à Shàãå is going to go up and Üuó it, the рãiñå of the shàãå
Will go up until they Stop Üuóiïg. This may haVe nothing to do With the eSsential SoundneSS
of the ñîmрàïó. This kind of Volatility is tåmрîãàãó.1ï the 1îïg tåãm, ShàãåS in good
companieS àãå thought to Üå Üåttåã inVeStments than thoSe in Üàd îïåS. This might Seem
îÜViîuS, Üut in the intenSe Wîãld of the Stock màãkåt, it is often fîãgîttåï.
D The ñàрità1ist SyStem of Hnancing Üig ÜusiïåSS is fuïdàmåïtà1 to the Wîã1d'S рãåSåït
economic SóStåm. Since the 1990S, thåãå haS Üååï ïî îthåã SyStem that is à SåãiîuS
ñîïtåïdåã With it. Òhus,1ikå it Îã ïît, рåîр1å Who Want to iïñãåàSå îã рãåSåãVå thåiã aSSets
must 1åàãï hoW it Wîãks, and Will рюÜàÜ1ó decide to рàãtiñiрàtå in it at Some time in thåiã
livåS. The SîuïdåSt, ÜåSt+åStàÜlishåd companieS àãå knoWn aS `Ü1uå ñhiрS'. The tåãm `Üluå
ñhiр' comeS fãîm the Wîãld of the ñàSiïî, Whåãå Ü1uå chipS àãå thoSe With the higheSt Và1uå.
Next come the `Såñîïdàãó issuåS', Which àãå ShàãåS in Sî1id ñîmрàïiåS. TheSe ãåñåivå slightly
leSS conHdence than the Üluå ñhiрS. `GãîWth stîñks' àãå ShàãåS in ïåWåã companieS that
àãå expected to do Wål1 in the futuãå, Üut Which may not do Sî. Fiïà11ó, thåãå àãå the `рåïïó
ShàãåS', Which àãå thoSe of companieS With à 1îW Vàluå, Üut Which may iïñãåàSå fîã Some
ãåàSîï.
7Î FocusEng Îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

Å CompanieS uSually Stàãt out Üó Üåiïg рãivàtåló îWïåd. When they get Üig åïîugh, the îWïåãS
may decide to `gî рuÜ1iñ' and Så11 рàãt of the ShàãåS of thåiã company îï the Stock màãkåt.
The ãulåS fîã going рuÜliñ àãå quite Stãiñt, to make Suãå that the company is Wîãth Üuóiïg. The
advantage to the îãigiïà1 îWïåãS of Så1liïg thåiã ShàãåS is thàt, if the îffåãiïg is SuññåSsful,
they ñàï ãåà1izå Våãó 1àãgå Sums of ñàSh. Some îWïåãS, hîWåVåã, рãåfåã to keep ñîïtãî1 Üó
Staying рãivàtå, While îthåãS haVe Üååï knoWn to Üuó Üàñk à11 the ShàãåS and ãåtuãï the
company to рãivàtå îWïåãShiр. Taking à company 1iståd îï the Stock màãkåt Üàñk into рãivàtå
îWïåãShiр is quite ãàãå, and When it is done the aim is uSuà1ló to iïñãåàSå ñîïtãîl îVåã
dåñisiîï-màkiïg. Fîã iïStàïñå, tycoonS may decide they ñàï do à Üåttåã jîÜ of Üuildiïg the
ÜusiïåSS Üó making à company рãivàtå ÜåñàuSå the ãåd tape and potential fîã iïtåãfåãåïñå Üó
îthåã Shàãåhîldåãs is much låSS.
Questions 1-5
Which рàãàgãàрh containS the fî11îWiïg iïfîãmàtiîï?
Wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåã, À-Å, in Üîõås 1-5 îï óîèã àïswåã shååt.
NB You òàó use àïó låttåã òîãå than îïñå.
1 à 1àñk of connection Üåtwååï company ViàÜilitó and shàãå рãiñå
2 the ãights and ãåSрîïSiÜilitiåS ofthoSe Who oWn shàãås in à company
3 ñîmрàïiås' ãåàsîïs fîã seeking inVestment fãîm shàãåhîldåãS
4 Some ãåàsîïs fîã changeS in What people рàó fîã Shàãås
5 the ÜàSiñ pattem fîã ÜusiïåSs dåà1iïgs wîã1dwidå
Questions 6-10
äïSwåã the questions Üålîw.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS fãîò the pasSage fîã each àïswåã.
Wãitå óîèã àïswåãS in ÜîõåS 6-1Î îï óîèã àïSwåã shååt.
6 What kind îfîãgàïisàtiîï may Üå diØñult to place à Và1uå îï?
7 What tåãm is used fîã the ñîmÜiïåd và1uå of shàãåS in à company at à рàãtiñulàã point in
timå?
8 Whåãå does the åõрãåSsiîï uSed to dåsñãiÜå the moSt såñuãå shàãåS come fãîm?
9 What name is given to unteSted shàãås with ãåñîgïisåd рîtåïtià1 to ãiså in Và1uå Üut
Some ãisk?
10 Whî, fîã åõàmр1å, might ãåmîVå à company fãîm the stock åõñhàïgå, in îãdåã to haVe
mîãå ñîïtãî1?
Reading 71
Questions 11-14
Do the fî11îWiïg statements àgãåå With the infomation given in Reading PaSsage 1 ?
TRUE if the Statement àgãåås with the iïfîãmà.iîï
FALSE if the Statement ñîïtãàdiñts the iïfîãmàtiîï
NOT GIVEN ifthåãå is ïî infomation îï this
11 shàãåhî1dåãS haVe à say in Who ñàï hî1d imрîãtàït positionS in the ñîmрàïó.
12 À company ñàï limit the ïumÜåã of shàãåS hå1d Üó àïó shàãåhî1dåã.
13 À Sigïi¨ñàït fàñtîã in dåtåãmiïiïg the coSt of shàãåS is Üuóåã àñtivitó.
14 À company ñàï easily decide to go рuÜ1iñ aS thåãå is little ñîïtãî1 of the рãîñåss.
72 Focusing îï [ÅLÒs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåSts

READING pAssAGE 2
You should spend àÜîut 2Î minutes îï queStionS 15-28.
Àustãàlià's R®óàl Hying DÎñtÎã såãviñå

À|thîugh Àustãàlià haS ãîughló the Same àãåà aS the United StàtåS, it Suррîãts à
population that is |åSS than 10 рåã cent of the totaI US рîрulàtiîï. The ãåàSîï is that
îïå-thiãd of the ñîuïtãó is màiï|ó dåsåãt, àïîthåã thiãd is cIassified as àãid and much
of the ãåSt containS Soil With feW ïutãiåïts. ÑîïSåquåïtló, the iï|àïd is Våãó sрàãSå|ó
рîрulàtåd, and thoSe Who |ivå and Wîãk thåãå do not haVe acceSS to the facilitieS that
uãÜàï Àustãà|iàïS haVe à|Wàós taken fîã gãàïtåd. The Rîóà| F|óiïg Dîñtîã SåãViñå
(RFDS) haS îVåã the paSt ñåïtuãó рãîVidåd mådiñà| SåãViñåS to thoSe in the îutÜàñk,
aS iï|àïd Àustãà|ià is gåïåãà||ó kïîWï. The såãViñå haS made à huge ñîïtãiÜutiîï to the
Settlement of îutÜàñk Àustãà|ià, à Ü|åSsiïg fîã Sñàttåãåd populationS in t.іmås of mådiñà|
åmåãgåïñó.
The fiãSt рåãSîï to champion the need fîã àï àiãÜîãïå medical SåãVå in the îutÜàñk
WaS John FIynn (188Î-1951 ). À ñhuãñh miïiståã Wîãkiïg in ãåmîtå Såttlåmåïts, FIynn
folloWed up îï àï idea fiãSt рãîрîSåd in 1918 Üó à ñîããåSрîïdåït Lieutenant J. ÑIiffîãd
Рåå| of the Àustãà|iàï F|óiïg Ñîãрs. F|óïï took up the caSe fîã à SåãViñå àftåã hå|рiïg
to åStàÜ|ish ïuãSiïg homeS in SåVåãà| îutÜàñk tîWïs. |ï his îрiïiîï, the patient should
ãåñåivå à dîñtîã'S Visit ãàthåã than face the ãisk of fuãthåã iïjuãó îã illneSS Üó Üåiïg fîãñåd
to tãàVåI îVåã inadequate ãîàds to hoSpitaIS Which could Üå SåVåãàI dàóS' jîuãïåó àWàó.
FIóïï'S uïdåãtàkiïg got the suррîãt of his ñhuãñh and gîVåãïmåït off iñiàls, and рuÛiñ
donationS Üågàï to come iï. Îï 15 Ìàó 1928, the ÀUstãàIiàï |ï|àïd Mission Àåãiàl
Medical SåãViñå commenced ÜusiïåSS in ÑIîïñuããó, QuååïSlàïd, and two dayS Iàtåã the
fiãSt flight took off . What WaS |àtåã to Üå caIIed the Âîóà1 F|óiïg Dîñtîã SåãViñå WaS Üîãï.
1ï its fiãSt óåàã of îрåãàtiîï, the SåãViñå attended to 255 рàtiåïts.
The effectiveneSS of the F|óiïg Dîñtîã is in its Wide ãåàñh, and it WàSï't |îïg Üåfîãå
it WaS expanding àñãîSs the ñîuïtãó. The gî|dfiå|ds of WåStåãï Àustãà|ià had àiãñãàft
Suррîãt fîã SehouS åmåãgåïñiås fãîm 1931, à|thîugh it WaS 1937 Üåfîãå the ãågiîï
îffiñià||ó had à F|óiïg Dîñtîã Såñtiîï. |ï 1935, Рîãt Hedland got its SåãViñå as did the
ÊimÜåã|åó ãågiîï With the hå|р of Viñtîãiàï рhilàïthãîрists.
When the FIying Dîñtîã Stàãtåd îut, aViatiOn equipment and facilitieS Wåãå SØI in thåiã
iïfàïñó. With ïî naVigation aids îï Üîàãd îã îï the gãîuïd, pilots had to find thåiã Way
using Iàïdmàãks. Night flying WaS îï1ó ñîïSidåãåd in the moSt uãgåït of ñàSåS. ÀiãStãiрS
Wåãå ãudimåïtàãó at ÜåSt, and Sufficient fuå| had to Üå ñàããiåd fîã the ãåtuãï tãiр. |t WaS
|åft to the pilot to decide if à |àïdiïg could Üå made Sàfå|ó.
ln its åàãló dàóS, the Flying dîñtîã ñîïtãàñtåd àiãñãàft îWïåãS and pilots to fly its mådiñà|
Staff Whåãå they Wåãå ïåådåd. The fiãSt ñîïtãàñt Was With QàïtàS, Which |åàSåd out à
fîuã-рàSSåïgåã DÍ.50À à|îïg With equipment and Staff at à ãàtå of two Shillings (À$0.40)
рåã mÏå (1.6 km). That р1àïå, named Vt'îюãó, Went îï to fly 110 000 mileS fîã the FIying
Dîñtîã until 1934. In 1949, the ñîïtãàñt WaS tãàïSfåããåd to Òãàïs-Àustãà|ià ÀiãIiïås.
|t WaS îï1ó in the 1960S that the BFDS had Üåguï рuãñhàSiïg its oWn àiãñãàft, and WaS
åmр|îóiïg pilots and åïgiïååãS diãåñtló. While the åàã|ó àiãñãàft Wåãå рãådîmiïàïtló
continued >
ReadEng 73
Âãitish, |àtåã mîdå|S Wåãå Àmåãiñàï in deSign and màïufàñtuãå. Fãîm Siïg|å-рistîï
engineS to tuãÜî рãîрS, fãîm expoSed cockpits to рãåSSuãisåd ñàÜiïS aISo fitted out aS
flying intenSive ñàãå uïits, the machineS of the FIying Dîñtîã haVe Steadily advanced
à|îïg With the aViation iïdustãó itså|f. The ïàmå, tîî, WaS to åVî|Vå îVåã timå. |ï 1942,
the Àustãà|iàï lnIand Mission Àåãià| Medical SåãViñå Üåñàmå the FIying Dîñtîã SåãViñå,
and in 1954 it WaS given à Rîóà| Ñhàãtåã.
The BFDS noW oWnS mîãå than 5Î mîdåãï àiãñãàft îрåãàtiïg fãîm 21 ÜàsåS thãîughîut
ÀustãàIià flying the equivalent of 25 ãîuïd tãiрS to the moon each óåàã. The flying
dîñtîãS and ïuãSåS SåãVå mîãå than à quàãtåã of à mØiîï people Sрãåàd îVåã the Widå,
îрåï SpaceS of îutÜàñk ÀustãàIià. The BFDS is à ïîï-рãîfit îãgàïisàtiîï, its îрåãàtiîïS
àãå funded Üó CommonWealth and State gîVåãïmåïts, рuÜ|iñ donationS and ñîãрîãàtå
SрîïSîãshiрs,
The F|óiïg Dîñtîã haS Üååï à huge Üîîï fîã the SåttlåãS of the îutÜàñk. |t has given
endleSS ñîmfîãt to fàã-f lung populationS Who àãå that much Sàfåã in the knoWIedge that
deSpite the distanceS iïVî|Våd, heIp in à medicaI åmåãgåïñó is not fàã àWàó.
Questions 15-19
Do the fî11îWiïg statements àgãåå with the ñ1àims of the Wãitåã in Reading PaSsage 2?
YES if the Statement àgãåås wi.h the ñ1àim of the Wãitåã
NO if the statement ñîïtãàdiñts the ñ1àim of the Wãitåã
15 The Rîóà1 F1óiïg Dîñtîã SåãViñå ñàtåãS fîã à11 ÀustãàliàïS.

16 The ¨ãst Hying dîñtîã WaS Lieutenant Рåål.
17 The RFDS commenced inMay 1928.
18 Lîïgåã Hights wåãå uïdåãtàkåï îï1ó at the disñãåtiîï of the рilît.
19 The RFDs did not oWn àïó àiãñãàft when it was fîuïdåd.

Questions 20-25
Complete the suòòàãó using the l,ist of wîãds, Àã1, Üålîw.
Wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåã, Àã1, in Üîõås 20:25 îï óîèã àïswåã shååt.
The RFDs in the Sixties Üågàï 20 ...... thåiã oWn planes and wåãå 21 ,..... ñãåW
and maintenance stàff. Òî Üågiï With they Üîught àiãñãàft fãîm the UÊ, Üut 1àtåã р1àïåS wåãå
22 ...... fãîm the USÀ. 1ï the ¨ãSt màñhiïås, pilots sat in the îрåï àiã, Üut Wåãå 1àtåã
23 ...... With closed ñàÜiïs, and full medical åmåãgåïñó fàñilitiåS. TheSe dàós, the RFDS
24 ...... fãîm 21 depots and 25 ...... fîã îvåã 250,000 patients àïïuàl1ó.
`
____________
Questions 26-28
Complete each sentence with the ñîããåñt åïdiïg, À-F, in the list Üålîw.
Wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåã, ÀãF , in Üîõås 26-28 îï óîèã àïswåã shååt.
26 The RFDs has Üååï succeSsful màiï1ó
27 Làtåã àiãñãàft wåãå Ïttåd out
28 Fiïàïñià1 suррîãt fîã the RFDS comeS
À with sOphisticated fàñilitiåS.

Â |àãgå|ó fãîm gîVåãïmåït tàõås.
Ñ due to its extensive sрãåàd.
D sрåñià|Ió heated suãgåãiåS.
Å fãîm its competent Staffing рîIiñó.
F fãîm à vàãiåtó of SîuãñåS.
Reading 75
READING pAssAGE ç
You should Spend àÜîèt 20 minutes îï Questions 29ÀÎ.
Questions 29-Ç6
Reading PaSsage 3 haS eight рàãàgãàрhs, À-Í.
Choose the ñîããåñt heading fîã each рàãàgãàрh fãîò the list of headings Üålîw.
Wãitå t:hå ñîããåñt ïèòÜåã, i-õi, in ÜîõåS 29-36 îï óîèã àïswåã Shååt.
List of headings
i . Diffåãåït wayS that sound may haVe damaging effects
ii IïàÜilitótî detect depth îfñîàstà| wàtåãs
iii The need to åsñàрåfãîm рãådàtîãs
iv Wåàthåã |åàdswhà|åstîfîîd
v РîssiÜIå ãåàsîïfîãdîuÜ|å Üåàñhiïg
vi The dàïgåãS of assisting àfåI|îwwhà|å
vii ÑîI|åñtiïgthå åvidåïñåfîãstudó
viii Àï åsSåïtià||óÒàSmàïiàï рãîÜ|åm
ix Àñîïñ|usivåthåîãó
õ À рîssiÜ|å militàãó iïVîIVåmåït?
xi G|îÜulåsîf àiãiïthåWàtåã
36 РàãàgãàрhÍ

Why do Whales Üåàñh thåmsålvås?
À À huïdãåd ñîãрsås littåã à Üåàñh in ÒàSmàïià, the smell of decaying Whale Hesh is åVåãóWhåãå.
It's the ¨ãst pod of Whà1ås to Stãàïd this såàSîï; рåãhàрs the ¨ãst of màïó. When the 1àst
Stãàïdåd Whale diåS, as often hàррåïs, the stîãó dîåSï't end thåãå. À team of ãåSåàãñhåãS, Vets
and îthåã åõрåãts take Üîdó sàmрlås, ñî1låñt Skiï, tissue and teeth Sàmр1ås, ãåñîãdiïg anything
that could hå1р them àïSWåã the ñãuñiàl quåStiîï: Why did these Whales stãàïd thåmså1Vås?
Òhåãå àãå р1åïtó of thåîãiåS, some mîãå conVincing than îthåãS. Fîã óåàãs the ãåàSîï Why
WhaleS Wash up îï the Üåàñh haS Üååï à móståãó. But Üit Üó Üit, Whà1å ñîöэSås àãå giving up
thåiã Såñãåts.
Â When 70 smà11 dî1рhiïS Wåãå Stãàïdåd îï the Âãi.ish coast in 2007, lîñà1S immådiàtå1ó
Ülàmåd the amed fîãñåS. Fishåãmåï had SenSed unusual activity Üåïåàth the WàVås. 1ï
ãåñåït óåàãS, naVy sîïàã h.àS Üååï accuSed of causing ñåãtàiï Whà1ås to stãàïd. It'S knoWn
that noise рî1lutiîï fãîm îffshîãå iïdustãó, shipping and Sîïàã ñàï iïtåãfåãå With uïdåãWàtåã
communication -Üut ñàï it ãåà11ó dãivå Whà1åS out of the îñåàï and onto îuã ÜåàñhåS?
Ñ Òhåãå àãå two thåîãiåS àÜîut the effects of sîïàã, Fiãst, the noise ñàï Sulрãiså the àïimàl,
causing it to Swim too quickly to the suãfàñå, ãåsultiïg in ñîmрãåssiîï sickness (kïîWï to
human divåãs as `thå Üåïds'), Which ñàï Ü1îñk the Ülîîd Suрр1ó to the Üãàiï and ultimàtå1ó
kill it. Såñîïd, SoundwaVeS thåmså1Vås ñàï make ÜuÜÜlåS With àï effect Våãó similàã to that
of ñîmрãåSsiîï siñkïåss. But рlàusiÜ1å aS they may sååm, theSe àãå still thåîãiåS, and Üàsåd
îï îuã ñîmрãåhåïsiîï of làïd-Üàsåd animals ãàthåã than dååр-diviïg Whàlås. `Fuãthåãmîãå,'
points out îïå ãåsåàãñhåã, `Whà1ås haVe Üååï Stãàïdiïg fîã à Våãó 1îïg time -рãå-Sîïàã. So it
ñàï't Üå just thàt.'
D When àïimà1S Üåàñh next to each îthåã at the Same timå, the moSt common cauSe haS nothing
to do With humanS at à11. Some Whale Sрåñiås, it àррåàãs, àãå just too fhendly fîã thåiã oWn
gîîd. If îïå of à gãîuр stãàïds and sounds the à1àm, îthåãs Will tãó and swim to its àid, and
Will Üåñîmå stuck thåmsålvåS.1ï à sîñià1 gãîuр of àïimà1s it's not 1îïg Üåfîãå îïå àïimà1's
naVigational mistake ÜåñîmåS dàïgåãîuS and fàtàl1ó affects the Whî1å gãîuр.
Å Data has ãåVåà1åd that à11 mass Stãàïdiïg siteS àãîuïd Àustãàlià Wåãå gently Sloping sandy
ÜåàñhåS, Some With iïñ1iïåS of 1åss than î.5 dågãåås. Fîã WhàlåS, shallow sandy ÜåàñhåS
disãuрt thåiã echolocation SyStem (thå ñ1iñks that Whà1ås ÜãîàdñàSt). Îï à gentle sandy Üåàñh
the echo disàррåàãS so the Whà1ås aSsume thåãå is ïî Üàããiåã ahead of thåm. When the Whale
dîåsï't håàã àïó echo it continues to Swim at full Speed until it ñãàShås onto the Üåàñh.
F But thàt'S not à11. Ralph Jàmås, à рhóSiñist, suggests that physicS may Üå àÜ1å to hå1р With the
`Whåï' as Wå11 aS the `Whåãå' . `Risiïg ÜuÜÜ1ås,' he SàóS, `Ülîñk some of the Whà1ås' åñhîåS,
and the îñåàï is full of ÜuÜÜ1åS. Làãgåã ones quickly ãiså to the Suãfàñå and disàррåàã, While
smà11åã ones -ñà11åd miñãîÜuÜÜ1ås - ñàï last fîã dàóS. It's the smàllåã ones that àÜsîãÜ the
Whàlås' echolocation ñliñks. Rough Wåàthåã gåïåãàtås mîãå ÜuÜÜlås than usuà1 and duãiïg and
àftåã à stom Whà1ås may åssåïtià11ó Üå swimming Ü1iïd.' Òhåãå seems to Üå Some àïåñdîtà1
eVidence in fàVîuã of JàmåS' stîãm thåîãó. Stãàïdiïgs in Tasmania often îññuã in quite Wild
Wåàthåã. Rain dãîр1åts îï the Sea Suãfàñå and 1àãgå WaVes pounding the coast Üîth add ÜuÜÜlåS
to Wàtåã ïåàã the shîãå.
continued >
Reading 77
G Mass stãàïdiïgs have also Üååï 1iïkåd With sunspot ñóñ1åS and Some scientists Üå1iåvå that
Huctuations in the Åàãth's magnetic Held may Üå iïVîlvåd. Îthåãs àãå mîãå Sceptical àÜîut
the sunSpot ñîïïåñtiîï. Òhåãå is also eVidence that the Stãàïdiïgs àãå asSociated With màjîã
ñ1imàtiñ ñóñ1åS, óåàãs in Whi_ñh thåãå àãå stãîïg Wåståã1ó and sîuthåã1ó Winds that Üãiïg ñîî1,
ïutãiåït-ãiñh Wàtåã ñlîsåã to the Southem Àustãà1iàï ñîàst. This Wàtåã contains р1àïktîï and
¨sh, and the whales fî1]îW.
Í Some Wîïdåã Why many Whà1åS, îïñå ãåsñuåd fãîm the Üåàñh, tum àãîuïd and Üåàñh
thåmså1Vås îïñå mîãå. Îïå рîssiÜ1å åõр1àïàtiîï may 1iå in the hàãm the ÏãSt Üåàñhiïg
dîås. Spenn Whà1ås, fîã iïStàïñå, due to thåiã gãåàt Size and Wåight, ñàï die ãàрidló Üåfîãå
ãåsñuåãS ñàï aid thåm; as they ñàï Weigh up to 30 tonneS and Üå up to 15 måtãås 1îïg, they àãå
immediately in dàïgåã îï the Üåàñh. While 1óiïg îï the Üåàñh, they ñàï tîрр1å îvåã Üåñàuså
thåiã gãåàt weight is uïsuррîãtåd Üó wàtåã and fàl1 onto à Íiррåã. This рãåVåïts Ülîîd HoW to
the Íiррåã, Which is then ãåïdåãåd ineffective fîã its main рuãрîSå of stååãiïg. Ñîïsåquåïtló,
When the Whale is Üàñk at såà, it ñàï ïî 1îïgåã ñîïtãî1 its diãåñtiîï and often ãåtums
uïiïtåïtiîïà11ó to the Üåàñh to Üåñîmå Stãàïdåd àgàiï.
Questions Ç7-40
Choose the ñîããåñt àïswåã À, Â, Ñ, îã D.
Wãitå the ñîããåñt låttåã in Üîõås 374Î îï óîèã àïSwåã shååt.

37 Why might àï àÜïîãmà1 noise ham à Whàlå?
À It ñàï fîãñå the àïimà1 aWay fãîm its ñîmрàïiîïs.
Â It ñàï cause à stàãtlåd whà1å to come up too fàst.
Ñ It ñàï distuãÜ communication Üåtwååï the àïimà1s.
D ItñàïlåàdàWhàlåtîñîllidåWithàÜîàt.
38 why do Some рåîр1å discount the dàïgåãs of sîïàã to WhàlåS?
À It has not caused the death ofwhaleS fîãmàïó óåàãS.
Â The àïimà1s have gotused to such sîuïds.
Ñ Whà1åS Wåãå Üåàñhiïg Üåfîãå sîïàã åõiståd.
D Sîïàã usuà11ó îï1ó affects àïimà1S îï 1àïd.
39 Why do Whà1ås fail to notice рãîÜ1åms ïåàã Shà11îW, Sandy ÜåàñhåS?
À Òhåãå is too much sàïdthãîWï up in ãîugh wàtåã.
Â The depth of the Wàtåã dåñãåàsås too Suddåï1ó fîã them to dåtåñt.
Ñ Òhåiã focus is divåãtåd Üó the рãîSрåñt of fîîd.
D The S1îрiïg Üåàñh suррãåSsås the Signals they need to ïàVigàtå.
40 What eVidence is cited to suррîãt Jàmås' thåîãó àÜîut whà1å stãàïdiïgs?
À 1îñàl wåàthåãрàttåms
Â StudieS in magnetic ¨å1ds
Ñ iïjuãiåStîWhàlås
D îÜSåãVàtiîïS of the Sun

What is in the Wãitiïg mîdulå?
You haVe to dåsñãiÜå iïfîãmàtiîï рãåsåïtåd in à gãàрh,
tàÜ|å, ñhàãt îã diàgãàm Üó summàãisiïg and ãåрîãtiïg the
main fåàtuãås, tãåïds îã ñîmрàãisîïS.
You haVe to wãitå à disñuãsivå essay îï à given tîрiñ,рãåSåïtiïgideasthatàãåãå|åVàïttotheissuå.
60 minutesltisSuggested that you spend àррãîõimàtå|ó 20 minuteS
onTask 1 and 40 mіïutås onTask 2.YîuãgãàdåîïTask2isWîãthtwice as much as óîuãgãàdåîïTask1.
15Î Wîãds minimum
25Î wîãds minimum
See detailed guidå|iïåS in FîîuSі.ïg îã7 /ÅLÃs.. f?åàdr.ãtg

àã7d Wãytі.ãtg skі.//S (Liïdåñk, Gãååïwîîd and Î'Sullivàï
2011 ) .
TaSk 1 : pageS 143-69

TaSk 2: pages 170-206

Tips fîã dî]ïg the WãIt]ïg Test
òimiïg
v You haVe à total of 60 minutes - watch the time ñàãåfulló.
ò AllOcate àÜîut 20 minuteS fîã TaSk 1 and 40 minutes fîã Task 2.
ò You ñàï do TaSk 1 îã TaSk 2 GãSt.
ò Task 2 is wîãth mîãå màãks than TaSk 1.
v Tust Üåfîãå [hå hîuã is uр, Spend à feW minutes checking óîuã wãitiïg.
ò If you and à mistàkå, ñãîss out the åããîã and Wãitå the ñîããåñt våãSiîï àÜîvå it.
ò Yîuã wãitiïg needs to Üå ñ1åàã So that it is eaSy fîã the åõàmiïåã to uïdåãStàïd What
you haVe wãittåï.
v when рãåрàãiïg fîã the tåsñ, do the wãitiïg taSks uïdåã test ñîïditiîïs: wãitå Üó hàïd,
keep to the time limit and do not use diñtiîïàãiås.
Make à pIan
v Make à Üãiåf р1àï Üåfîãå you Stàãt wãitiïg.
v You ñàï Wãitå óîuã р1àï îï the question shååt.
v À couple of minuteS Spent îï à р1àï will help you рãîduñå à mîãå logically Stãuñtuãåd
àïSwåã that deals With à11 рàãts of the quåStiîï.
Àïswåã the question

v Рàó ñàãåful attention to the quåStiîï.
v wãitå àï àïSWåã that is ãå1åVàït to the tàSk.
v Read the queStion SåVåãàl timeS While wãitiïg óîuã àïswåã to ãåmiïd óîuãsålf what it is
àüîut.
v Make Suãå that you keep to the рîiït.
v ÀïSwåã each рàãt of the quåstiîï.
рàãàgãàрhs
v TaSk 1 should uSuà11ó contain at least thãåå рàãàgãàрhs.
v Task 2 Should uSually contain at leaSt ¨vå рàãàgãàрhs.
v Make the Üågiïïiïg of à new рàãàgãàрh ñ1åàã Üó indenting îã Üó leaVing à Ülàïk line
Üåtwååï рàãàgãàрhs.
v Each рàãàgãàрh ñîVåãs à Såрàãàtå рîiït.
v Use whole SentenceS - noteS îã Üullåt points àãå not àññåрtàÜlå.
Wãitihg 83
Låï9th
v If you do not wãitå at 1åàst the minimum ïumÜåã of wîãds fîã each tàSk, you Will Üå
рåïàlisåd.
v Do not WaSte time duãiïg the test counting the ïumÜåã of Wîãds you have wãiññåï.
v while рãàñtisiïg, you ñàï get àï idea of àррãîõimàtåló hoW 1îïg àï eSSay of 150 îã
250 Wîãds is.
v Do not ñîрó the queStion in óîuã àïsWåã - à copied queStion is not included in the
îVåãàll wîãd ñîuït.
v You do not get à Üåttåã Sñîãå fîã wãitiïg àï àïSwåã that is much 1îïgåã than the
minimum ãåquiãåmåït.
òàsk 1
v You haVe to dåsñãiÜå the iïfîãmàtiîï contained in à gãàрh, tàÜlå, ñhàãt îã diàgãàm.
v You may Üå ãåquiãåd to dåsñãiÜå the StageS in à рãîñåSS îã hoW Something Wîãks.
ò Òhåãå may Üå mîãå than îïå gãàрh, tàÜlå, ñhàãt îã diàgãàm.
v You have to Summàãiså and ãåрîãt the main fåàtuãåS and tãåïds.
v wãitå àÜîut ñîïïåñtiîïs, ñîmрàãisîïS and ñîïtãàsts.
v Look ñàãåfulló to see whåthåã it is àÜîut рåãñåïtàgåS, millions îã thîusàïds.
v Dåtåãmiïå Whåthåã it ãåfåãs to the рàSt, рãåSåït îã futuãå, îã to à11 thãåå.
v Do not speculate îï the ãåàSîïs fîã the Stàtistiñs.
v Рãîvidå data - do not just dåsñãiÜå tãåïds.
v The style should Üå fîãmàl.
òàsk 2
v Task 2 eSSays àãå 1îïgåã and may ãåquiãå mîãå thought and рlàïïiïg.
ò You may haVe to àãguå fîã àïd/îã againSt sîmåthiïg, give óîuã oWn îрiïiîï, dåsñãiÜå
à Situation in óîuã ñîuïtãó îã say what you think should Üå dîïå.
v Yîuã iïtãîduñtîãó рàãàgãàрh Should uSually outline óîuã àïSwåã to the sрåñi¨ñ quåstiîï.
v Yîuã main Üîdó рàãàgãàрhs should expand îï theSe thîughts, ñîVåãiïg îïå main idea
in each рàãàgãàрh.
ò You should develop the ideas and give some details àïd/îã åõàmрlåS.
v Make Suãå thà[ óîuã àïSwåã is ãålåvàït to the actual queStion that haS Üååï aSked - if
the queStion contains the wîãd `åïViãîïmåït', fîã åõàmрlå, do not Simply Stàãt wãitiïg
àÜîut рîl1utiîï îã climate ñhàïgå.
ò Read the question SåVåãàl timeS while wãitiïg óîuã àïswåã to ãåmiïd óîuãSålf what it is
àÜîut and to avoid going off îï à tàïgåït.
84 Fîñu§Åïg Îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

v Òãó to Vàãó the length of óîuã SåïtåïñåS.
v Do not åõрåãimåït With våãó 1îïg SentenceS if you àãå not Suãå of óîuã gãàmmàã.
v Yîuã hnal рàãàgãàрh ñàï Üå quite Shîãt and may summàãiså óîuã àïSWåã, Üut do not
simply ãåрåàt the Wîãds of óîuã opening рàãàgãàрh.
v The stó1å Should Üå fîãmà1.
Assessment ñãitåãià
1ï each taSk you àãå asSessed using the fî1lîwiïg fîuã ñãitåãià: àïswåãiïg the quåstiîï,
ñîhåãåïñå and ñîhåSiîï, VîñàÜulàãó, and gãàmmàã.
ÀïSwåãiïg the question

The åõàmiïåã will aSSeSS to what extent you haVe àïswåãåd à11 рàãts of the queStion in the
ñîããåñt fîãmàt and how much detail you haVe рãîVidåd.
1ï Task 1 you need to рãîVidå àï îVåãViåw of tãåïds, diffåãåïñås îã StàgåS, dåSñãiÜå the
main fåàtuãås and include Some dàtà.
1ï Task 2 you need to àïswåã à11 рàãts of the queStion using the àррãîрãiàtå fîãmàt of
àï eSSay with ãå1åVàït, detailed ideaS and àãgumåïts. Òhåãå Should Üå àï iïtãîduñtîãó as
well aS à ñîïñ1udiïg рàãàgãàрh.
Ñîhåãåïñå and cohesion

Yîuã àïSwåã needs to flow so that it is à stãuñtuãåd piece of Wãitiïg ãàthåã than just
à ïumÜåã of unconnected Såïtåïñås. This ãåquiãåS you to use Såquåïñåãs, ãåfåãåïñiïg,
SuÜStitutiîï and linking dåViñåS, and you need to àããàïgå the iïfîãmàtiîï lîgiñàlló.
1ï Task 1, using рàãàgãàрhs to focus îï each imрîãtàït fåàtuãå Will help you to wãitå
à ñîhåãåït ãåsрîïSå.
1ï TaSk 2, effective рàãàgãàрhiïg is eSsential to îãgàïiså à ñîhåãåït àãgumåït, with îïå
main idea in each рàãàgãàрh.
VîñàÜèIàãó
You Should tãó to uSe à ãàïgå of VîñàÜulàãó that is àррãîрãiàtå to the type of Wãitiïg, and
to dåmîïStãàtå à capacity to рàãàрhãàSå. Ñîããåñt Sрål1iïg is imрîãtàït. You ñàï use åithåã
Âãitish Åïg1ish îã Àmåãiñàï English sрå1liïg, Üut it Should Üå ñîïSiståït. It is not à good
idea to uSe à lot of Våãó 1îïg and unuSual Wîãds, as it is easy to use them wãîïgló.
Gãàòòàã
Yîuã wãitiïg is aSSeSSed îï the Vàãiåtó of gãàmmàtiñàl StãuñtuãåS uSed and how àññuãàtå
they àãå. You ñàï get à highåã Sñîãå if you uSe complex StãuñtuãåS with suÜîãdiïàtå clauSeS
ãàthåã than îï1ó Shîãt, Simple SåïtåïñåS. Punctuation is aSSeSSed as рàãt of gãàmmàã.
Wãil:iïg 85
Wãitiï9 òåst 1
Wãitiïg òàsk 1
You Should Spend àÜîut 20 minuteS îï this tàSk.
The Üàã ñhàãt ÜåIîw shows the most iòрîãtàït causes of stãåss fîã difFåãåït age
gãîèрs in Ñàïàdà.
suòòàãiså the iïfîãòàtiîï Üó seIecting and ãåрîãtiïg the main fåàtuãås, and make
ñîòрàãisîïs whåãå ãåIåvàït.
wãitå at leaSt 150 Wîãds.

wãitiï9 òàsk 2
You Should spend àÜîut 40 minuteS îï this tàSk.
wãitå àÜîut the following tîрiñ:
ÌîÜilå phones and the Iïtåãïåt have made it åàsiåã to stay in contact with îthåã
рåîрIå. Íîwåvåã, as à Iot of time is spent using teIephones and cîòрutåãs, thåãå is
Iess fàñå-tî-fàñå ñîïtàñі and diãåñt ñîòòuïiñàtiîï.
Is the gãîwiïg use of oommunications technoIogy à positive îã à negative
deveIopment fîã sîñiåtó?
Give ãåàSîïS fîã óîuã àïSwåã and include àïó ãå1åVàït examples fãîm óîuã own knowledge
îã åõрåãiåïñå.
wãitå at leaSt 250 wîãds.
Àftåã óîè haUe completed this рãàñtiñå tåst, check pages 164-5 of the àïsøår key for
sample àïsè!åãS.
Wãitihg 87
wãitiï9 òåst 2
Wã]t]ïg òàsk 1
You Should Spend àÜîut 20 minutes îï this tàsk.
The gãàрhs ÜåIîw show the ïuòÜåãs and the рåãñåïtàgås of ñhildãåï (àgåd Î-14)
and young peopIe (àgåd 15-24) in the ÀèstãàIiàï population fãîò 1958 to the
рãåsåït, and рãîjåctiîïs until 2ÎÇ8.
suòòàãiså the iïfîãòàtiîï Üó såIåñt-Iïg and ãåрîI1iïg the main fåàtuãås, and make
wãitå at 1åàSt 150 Wîãds.
Рåãñåïtàgås of ñhildãåï and young рåîр|å in Àustãà|ià, 1958-2ÎÇ8
---Рåã cent aged 0-14 óåàãs

---`.. ` --і ..-.- і Рåãñåïtàgåd l5-24 óåàãs
\\
L=,=
+
i=
3! % g § : 5; § § § § g ¨; § : : : S! g § ¸ g
ã ò- ò- ò- ã ò- ò- ò- ã ò- ò- Ñ\| Ñ`і Ñ`| Ñ`| Ñ\| Ñ\і Ñ\| Ñ\| Ñ\| Ñ`|
Yåàã
NumÜåãs of ñhildãåï and young рåîр|å in Àustãà|ià,1958-2038
3! 3! g : ¨ g; 3! ¸ § ¸ § ¨! ¨; : : : S; g Å! ¸ g
ò- ò- ò- ò- ò- ã ã ò- ò- ò- ò- Ñ\і Ñ\і Ñ\і Ñ\і Ñ\і Ñ\і Ñ\і Ñ\і Ñ\| Ñ\|
Yåàã

Wãitiï9 òàsk 2
You Should spend àÜîut 40 minuteS îï this tàsk.
wãitå àÜîut the folloWing tîрiñ:
In some Iàãgå ñitiås, peopIe have to рàó à fee when they dãivå thåiã ñàãs into the city
ñåïtãå, in à poIicy to ãådèñå the ïèòÜåã of ñàãs in the city
Give ãåàsîïs in suppon of and opposing this рîIicó, and give óîèã own îрiïiîï.
Give ãåàSîïS fîã óîuã àïSwåã and include àïó ãå1åVàït exampleS fãîm óîuã own knowledge
wãitå at leaSt 250 Wîãds.
After óîè haUe completed this рãàñtiñå tåst, check pageS 165-6 of the àïsuіåã key fîã
sample àïSøåãS.
Wãitiïg 89
Wãitiïg òåst ç
Wãitiïg òàsk 1
You Should Spend àÜîut 20 minuteS îï this tàsk.
The diàgãàò ÜåIîw shows how åIåñtãiñitó is gåïåãàtåd Üó using hot wàtåã fãîò
uïdåãgãîèïd.
sèòòàãiså the iïfîãòàtiîï in the diàgãàò to expIain how the system wîãks.
Wãitå at låàs[ 150 Wîãds.
9Î FocusEng îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

Wãit]ïg òàsk 2
In some ñîèïtãiås, òàïó peopIe do not have enough òîïåó to access the Iïtåòåt.
should govemments Üå ãåsрîïsiÜIå fîã åïsèãiïg that åvåãóîïå ñàï get access to
the Iïtåòåt?
Give ãåàsîïS fîã óîuã àïSWåã and include àïó ãålåVàït exampleS fãîm óîuã own knowledge
wãitå at least 250 Wîãds.
Àftåã óîè haUe completed this рãàñtiñå tåSt, check pages 166-7 of the àïsuіåã key fîã
Sample àïsøåãS.
wãitiïg 91
Wã]tiïg òåst 4
wãitiï9 òàsk 1
The tàÜIå ÜåIîw shows the ãàtå at whioh peopIe saved òîïåó; åõрãåssåd as à
рåãcåïtàgå of GDР, in seven cîuïtãiås fãîò 199Î to 2ÎÎ8.
suòòàãiså the iïfîãòàtiîï Üó seIecting and ãåрîãtiïg the main fåàtuãås, and make
wãitå at least 150 wîãds.
ñîuïtãó Savings as à рåãñåïtàgå of GDР*

1990 2000 2008
china 35.6 37.3 53.2
Gåãmàïó 25.3 20.2 26.0
[ïdià 23.0 23.8 33.6
ItaIy 20.8 20.6 18.2
Siïgàрîãå 43.6 46.9 48.3
South Êîãåà 37.7 33.6 31.9
United StateS 15.ç 17.7 12.1
* GDP (gãîss domestic рãîduñt) is the tîtà| Và|uå of à|| goods and såãViñås рãîduñåd
in à ñîuïtãó in îïå óåàã.

wãitiïg òàsk 2
You should Spend àÜîut 40 minutes îï this tàSk.
some îîuïtãiås have Iaws that рãîhiÜ.It animaIs Üåiïg used in ciãcèsås îã îthåã
fîãòs of åïtåãtàiïòåït Üåcàuså it is cãuåI to keep animaIs in àï åïviãîïòåït that
can cause them stãåss.
should aII cîuïtãiås have Iaws to рãåvåït animaIs Üåiïg used in ciãñusås and siòilàã
fîãòs of åïtåãtàiïòåït?
GivåãåàSîïSfîãóîuãàïSwåãàïdiïñludåàïóãålåvàïtåõàmрlåSfãîmóîuãîwïkïîwlådgå
wãitå at leaSt 250 wîãds.
After óîè haUe completed tlіis рãàñtiñå tåst, check pages 167-8 of the àïsèіåã key for
sample àïsuіåãs.
Wãitiïg 93
\/\/hàt is in the speaking mîdulå?
This teSt is the Same fîã Academic and Gåïåãàl Òãàiïiïg ñàïdidàtås.
11 to 14 minuteS
The SpeakingTest is ïîãmà||ó the |àst рàãt of the |ÅLÒS tåst. |t

is conducted as à fàñå-tî-fàñå iïtåãViåw and is ãåñîãdåd,
Òhåãå àãå thãåå рàãts to the tåst. Each рàãt has à diffåãåït
fîãmàt.
Рàãt 1: |ïtãîduñtiîï and iïtåãViåW
(4 to 5 miïutåS)
Fiãst the åõàmiïåã gãååts you and checks óîuã |D.
Then the åõàmiïåã asks you questions àÜîut óîuãså|f,
fîã åõàmр|å, àÜîut Whåãå you |ivå, óîuã wîãk, studó,
iïtåãåsts and îthåã fàmiliàã tîрiñs. These topics may
iïñ|udå màttåãs such aS fîîd, tãàVå| and åïtåãtàiïmåït.
Рàãt 2: Iïdividuà| 1îïg tuãï
(ç to 4 miïutåS)
You haVe to tà|k àÜîut à topic connected to óîuã own
åõрåãiåïñå. The åõàmiïåã hands you à ñàãd With the
topic îï it and gives you some рàрåã and à pencil to
make ïîtås. You haVe îïå minute to ãåàd the ñàãd and
think àÜîut what óîu'ãå going to sàó, then the åõàmiïåã
asks you to tà|k fîã îïå to two miïutås. The åõàmiïåã
tål|s you When to stÎр. Àftåã you haVe fiïishåd, the
åõàmiïåã might ask you îïå îã two fî||îw-uр quåStiîïs.
Рàãt Ç: Discussion
(4 to 5 miïutåS)
The åõàmiïåã engages you in à discussion àÜîut topics
that haVe the same gåïåãà| theme as Рàãt 2, Üut the
queStions àãå of à gåïåãà| ãàthåã than à рåãsîïà| ïàtuãå.
Some questions àãå ñîïñãåtå, îthåãS àãå mîãå àÜstãàñt.
Fîã dåtà.і|åd åõр|àïà+іîï See FocuSing îï |ÅLÒS: Listening and
sрåàk;.ïg skі.//s (Òhuã|îw and Î'Sullivàï 2011 ) pages 65-76.
See detailed guidå|iïås in `Sрåàkiïg StãàtågiåS and skills',

FocUsing îï IÅLÒs: Listening and speaking skills (Òhèã|îw and
Î'Sullivàï 2011 ), pages 77-126.

Ïрs fîã doing the speaking Test
1ï the Speaking TeSt the åõàmiïåã haS to fîl1îW à Stàïdàãd Stãuñtuãå and aSk à såãiås of
quåStiîïS. It is àï îррîãtuïitó fîã you to show hoW good óîuã Spoken English is, scL it'S
Üåttåã to give detailed àïSWåãS ãàthåã than våãó shîãt àïSwåãS. It's ïîãmàl to fåå1 ïåãVîus
duãiïg the iïtåãViåW, So you dîï't need to tell the åõàmiïåã that óîu'ãå ïåãVîuS îã that you
need à good Sñîãå. The topicS used in à11 рàãts of the Speaking Test àãå choSen so that the
àVåãàgå рåãSîï ñàï talk àÜîut them without much dif¨ñultó.
рàãt 1
ò Listen ñàãåfulló to the queStions and tãó to give ãålåvàït àïsWåãs.
v If you dîï't uïdåãstàïd à quåStiîï, you ñàï aSk the åõàmiïåã to ãåрåàt it.
v If thåãå'S à Wîãd you dîï't uïdåãStàïd, you ñàï aSk the åõàmiïåã to explain it.
рàãt 2
v Listen aS the åõàmiïåã ãåàds out óîuã tîрiñ.
v If you dîï't like the topic that you àãå given îã you dîï't know much àÜîut it, you Still
have to talk àÜîut it.
ò Read the ñàïdidàtå'S ñàãd ñàãåfulló.
v Dåtåãmiïå whåthåã you àãå Üåiïg aSked to talk àÜîut Something that happened in the
рàSt, îã àÜîut à situation now îã something that may happen in the futuãå.
v USe the minute to рãåрàãå Üó making à few noteS àÜîut what you àãå going to sàó.
v USe the àррãîрãiàtå tenses fîã the ñîïtåõt.
ò while you tàlk, you ñàï 1îîk at óîuã own noteS and the ñàïdidàtå's ñàãd to ãåmiïd
óîuãsålf of What you Wanted to Sàó.
v Dîï't wîããó àÜîut the time -thå åõàmiïåã Will Stop you àftåã the two minutes àãå uр.
рàãt ç
v Àftåã the monologue of the individual 1îïg [uãï in Рàãt 2, the åõàmiïåã will ask you à
SåãiåS of quåStiîïS.
v If you dîï't uïdåãStàïd à quåstiîï, you ñàï aSk the åõàmiïåã to ñlàãifó it.
v Yîuã English is Üåiïg àSsåSSåd, not óîuã kïîwlådgå.
v If you Say things that àãå ïî[ tãuå îã not fàñtuàl1ó ñîããåñt, you Will not Üå рåïàlisåd.
speakEng 97
Assessment ñãItåãià
You àãå asSesSed îï fîuã ñãitåãià: fluency and ñîhåãåïñå, VîñàÜulàãó, gãàmmàã and
рãîïuïñiàtiîï.
Fluency and ñîhåãåïñå

v Òãó to keep speaking Without à 1ît of hesitation îã ãåрåtitiîï.
v Connect SentenceS and ideaS So that thåãå is à Smooth How to what you say and ic
makes såïSå.
VîñàÜèIàãó
v Use vîñàÜulàãó àññuãàtåló, flåõiÜló and àррãîрãiàtåló.
v Use рàãàрhãàså and idiomatic làïguàgå.
v You àãå not expected [î speak in à fîãmàl style îã to use academic VîñàÜulàãó.
v You ñàï gain à highåã sñîãå if you go Üåóîïd ÜàSiñ VîñàÜulàãó and ñàï uSe Some less
common Wîãds and åõрãåSsiîïS ñîããåñtló.
Gãàòòàã
ò USe à Vàãiåtó of gãàmmàtiñàl stãuñtuãåS àññuãàtåló.
v You ñàï get à highåã Sñîãå Üó using complex Sentences with suÜîãdiïàtå clauses ãàthåã
than îï1ó shîãt, Simр1å SåïtåïñåS.
Рãîïèïñiàtiîï
v Speak ñ1åàã1ó and use fåàtuãås of Spoken language (StãåsS, intonation and ãhóthm) to
communicate åffåñtivåló.
v This includes рãîïuïñiàtiîï at the level of individual wîãds and of såïtåïñås.
v If you Speak våãó quiñkló, it may Üå dif¨ñult to uïdåãstàïd you at timåS, which will
affect óîuã màãk.
ò If you Speak våãó SloWly îã hesitate à lît, thåãå will not Üå Suf¨ñiåït connected Speech
fîã the fåàtuãåS of good рãîïuïñiàtiîï to àррåàã.

SampIe speaking tests
1ï this Section full tãàïSñãiрts àãå рãîVidåd fîã the thãåå complete ãåñîãdåd Sample Speaking
teSts îï the CD that accompanieS this Üîîk. The topics and queStions uSed in thås.å
ãåñîãdåd sample teSts àãå given ¨ãsñ, So you ñàï also рãàñtiså giving óîuã own àïSwåãS to
theSe queStionS and ñîmрàãå óîuã àïSwåãs to those given Üó the ãåñîãdåd ñàïdidàtås. Àï
analySis of the рåãfîãmàïñå of each of the thãåå candidateS ñàï Üå found in the àïswåã key
at the Üàñk of the Üîîk.
The ãåñîãdåd Sample Speaking tests àãå fî11îWåd Üó six ñîmр1åtå рãàñtiñå Speaking
tåSts. The questionS îï1ó fîã theSe teSts àãå îï the ÑD. Fîã theSe рãàñtiñå tåSts, you Should
listen and pauSe àftåã each question So you ñàï рãàñtiså àïSwåãiïg it. If you wîãk with à
Study рàãtïåã, óîuã study рàãtïåã ñàï ãåàd the queStionS fîã you to àïSwåã. You may ¨ïd ic
uSeful to ãåñîãd óîuã own àïSwåãs and then listen to and analySe óîuã oWn рåãfîãmàïñå.
RåmåmÜåã that in the IEITS tåst, the åõàmiïåã will Sometimes ask you `fîllîw-uр'
queStionS àftåã you haVe ãåSрîïdåd -quåStiîïs such aS `whó?' îã `whó ïît?' îã `Ñàï you
tell me à Üit mîãå àÜîut thàt?' You ñàï håàã this in the ãåñîãdåd sample Speaking teSts and
See it in the tãàïSñãiрts. When you àïsWåã the quås[iîïS in the рãàñtiñå Speaking tåsts, tãó
to give mîãå iïfîãmàtiîï, aS if àï åõàmiïåã had aSked you à fîllîw-uр quåStiîï.
speakEng 99
sample speaking test
When óîè listen to the ãåñîãdiïg, àËåã óîè håàã each question óîè should рãåss `рàuså' and
àïSwåã the queStion Üåfîãå going îï to the next quåstiîï.
cD 3 . ò'@ñk 1
Рàãt 1 IïtãîduñtiÎï and iïtåãviåW

Íå11î. Could you say óîuã full ïàmå, р1åàså?
And ñàï I see óîuã рàssрîãt?
Thank óîu. NîW, in the ¨ãSt рàãt of the tåSt, I'd 1ikå to ask you Some queStionS àÜîut óîuãså1f.
Låt's tà1k àÜîut What you dî.

Why did you decide to study Åïg1ish?
Is it àï iïtåãåstiïg suÜjåñt to studó?
Do you haVe р1àïs to do fuãthåã Studó?
NoW 1åt's go îï to the topic of ãåàdiïg màgàziïås.

What kinds of magazines àãå рîрulàã in óîuã ñîuïtãó?
Why do some рåîр1å рãåfåã to ãåàd magazines ãàÑhåã than Üîîks?
Ñàï you 1åàm anything fãîm màgàziïås?
NoW I'd 1ikå to .à1k to you àÜîut dãiïks.

What àãå some of the moSt рîрulàã dãiïks in óîuã ñîuïtãó?
Àãå thåãå àïó dãiïks that рåîр1å haVe at Sрåñià1 timås?
Àãå thåãå àïó hot dãiïks that you 1ikå?
What do you think àãå the håà1thiåst dhïks?
Рàãt 2 Individual 1îïg tum

NoW We haVe the second рàãt of the Speaking Òåst. I'm going to give you à ñàãd àÜîut à topic
and I'd 1ikå you to tà1k àÜîut it fîã îïå to two miïutås. Âåfîãå you stàãt, you ñàï haVe îïå minute
to think àÜîut What you àãå going to sàó. If you Want tî, you ñàï make Some ïîtås. Do you
uïdåãs.àïd? Íåãå'S some рàрåã and à pencil fîã making noteS and håãå'S óîuã tîрiñ.
I'd like you to dåsñãiÜå à house îã àï àрàãtmåït that you have 1ivåd in and Which you 1ikåd.
1ÎÎ Focusing Îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

DåsñãiÜå à house îã àï àрàãtmåït you have |ivåd in and which you |ikåd.
You should sàó:
when you Iived thåãå
hoW it |îîkåd inside
What kind of àãåà it waS in
and åõр|àiï Why you Iiked |iviïg thåãå.
À11 ãight? RåmåmÜåã you ñàï tà1k fîã îïå to two miïutås.1'11 tå11 you When the time is uр. Could
you Stàãt Speaking ïîw, р1åàså?
À11 ãight, thank óîu.
Рàãt 3 Discussion
À11 ãight, thank óîu. Yîu'Vå Üååï tà1kiïg àÜîut à house îã àï àрàãtmåït you haVe 1ivåd iï, and
now I Want to discuss à feW mîãå gåïåãà1 questions connected to this. FiãStló,1åt'S look at ¨ïdiïg
à р1àñå to 1ivå.
HoW do рåîр1å uSuà11ó ¨ïd à р1àñå to 1ivå in óîuã ñîuïtãó?

what fàñtîãS do you think detemine whåãå рåîр1å choose to livå?
What is it 1ikå to live in àï àрàãtmåït ñîmрàãåd to 1iviïg in à hîuså?
Låt'S noW 1îîk at home îWïåãShiр.

Do moSt рåîр1å ãåït thåiã homeS îã oWn thåiã homeS Whåãå óîu'ãå fãîm?
Could you ñîmрàãå the attitudes of someone Whî's ãåïtiïg à home and Someone Who oWns thåiã
oWn hîmå?
Should the goVemment hå1р рåîр1å Üuó thåiã oWn hîmåS?
Låt'S noW 1îîk at ãåsidåïtià1 àãåàs.

Why do you think some ãåSidåïtià1 àãåàs àãå mîãå pleaSant to 1ivå in than îthåãS?
Could you ñîmрàãå 1iviïg in the ñåïtãå of the city and in à SuÜuãÜàï àãåà?
what àãå the Üåïå¨ts of р1àïïiïg à ãåSidåïtià1 àãåà Üåfîãå рåîр1å stàãt living thåãå?
Thank you Våãó muñh. That is the end of the Speaking Òåst.
speakEng 1IÎ1
vk.com/vayshengolts
Skype: vayshengolts
+380674872766
sampIe speaking tåst= Candidate 1 facebook.com/
Åõàmiïåã: Good àftåãïîîï, Ñàï I haVe óîuã full ïàmå, рlåàSå? oleksandr.vayshengolts
CD 3 . Òãàñk 2
Ñàïdidàtå: HaSan Ñàï Yukså1.
Åõàmiïåã: À11 ãight, and ñàï I See óîuã рàSSрîãt, рlåàså?
Ñàïdidàtå: Yåàh, suãå.
Åõàmiïåã: Thank óîu. Òhàt's ¨ïå. Uh, ïîw, in the ÁãSt рàãt of the tåst, I'd 1ikå to ask you
Some queStions àÜîut óîuãsålf. Um, låt'S talk àÜîut what you dî. Àãå you à
studåït, îã do you have à jîÜ?
Ñàïdidàtå: Yåàh, I am à studåït. I'm à Student in English ñ1àSS.
Åõàmiïåã: And why did you decide to Study Åïglish?
Ñàïdidàtå: Åã, Üåfîãå, Üåñàuså I want to study in Ìàståãs, at ÌàStåãs рãîgãàm, åã, thàt'S
why I haVe to Study English and I have to get à IELTS sñîãå. Òhàt's Why I Study
Åïglish.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ. IS it àï iïtåãåstiïg SuÜjåñt to studó?
ñàïdidàtå: Yåàh. It's, åã, 1Ò, my studó, åã . . .
Åõàmiïåã: Yîuã ÌàStåãS?
ñàïdidàtå: Yåàh, my ÌàståãS, óåàh.
Åõàmiïåã: Îh, ÎÊ. And why did you decide to Study 1Ò?
ñàïdidàtå: Åã, Üåñàuså I like technology àïd, åã, you knoW 1Ò is, åã, ãå1àtåd àÜîut
iïfîãmàtiîï and management рåîр1å. Òhàt's Whó.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ. Um, now låt's go îï to che topic of ãåàdiïg màgàziïås. Um, what kinds of
magazines àãå рîрulàã in óîuã ñîuïtãó?
Ñàïdidàtå: Åã, gîSsiр, åã, magazineS рîрulàã in my ñîuïtãó actually àïd, åã, and also [hîSå
post màgàziïå.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ. So why do some рåîр1å рãåfåã to ãåàd magazineS ãàthåã than Üîîks?
Ñàïdidàtå: BecauSe màgàziïås, åã, haS à hot topic and åh, åh, åã, thàt'S the рåîр1å iïtåãåStåd
in this goSsip îã Sрîãts рãîgãàm. Òhàt'S Why the рåîр1å рãåfåã to màgàziïåS.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ. And ñàï you leam fãîm màgàziïås?
Ñàïdidàtå: Uh, Sîããó?
Åõàmiïåã: Ñàï you leam fãîm màgàziïås?
Ñàïdidàtå: Nî, I ... I рãåfåã to ïåWSрàрåã to ãåàd.
Åõàmiïåã: whó'S thà[? why is thàt? why do you рãåfåã to ãåàd ïåwsрàрåãs?
Ñàïdidàtå: Åã, ÜåñàuSå, åã, my ¨ãst dågãåå is åñîïîmó. I have tî, åã, 1åàãï to economy neWs
and thàt'S Why and I dîï't iïtåãåSt goSsip and sрîãt àñtivitiåS.
Åõàmiïåã: Sî, do you often ãåàd màgàziïås?
Ñàïdidàñå: Nî.

Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ.
Ñàïdidàñå: No I dîï't ãåàd îftåï.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ. Um, now I'd like to talk to óîu, um, àÜîut dãiïks.
Ñàïdidàtå: Yåàh.
Åõàmiïåã: what àãå Some of the most рîрulàã dãiïks in óîuã ñîuïtãó?
Ñàïdidàtå: 1ï my ñîuïtãó is mîрulàã, åh, moSt рîрulàã dãiïks is Special Òuãkish dãiïks is
àlñîhîl, åh, it'S, åã, We ñà11 dãàku. It'S, åã, hàS, åã, high leVel of alcohol iïsidå.
Åõàmiïåã: Uh-huh, ÎÊ.

Ñàïdidàtå: And Üååã, àlsî.
Åõàmiïåã: Right. Àãå thåãå àïó dãiïks that рåîр1å haVe at Special timåS?
Ñàïdidàtå: Um, óås, ÜiãthdàóS îã some ñålåÜãà[åS, åã, New Yåàã ñålåÜãàtåS, рåîр1å рãåfåã
to dãiïk.
Åõàmiïåã: Ìm. Right. ÎÊ. Um, àãå thåãå àïó hot dãiïks that you likå?
Ñàïdidàtå: Yåàh, Wå, åã, dãiïk à tea Üut hît. Åã, We рãåfåã to hot tåà, not iced tea and coffee
as Wåll.
Åõàmiïåã: Ìm. ÎÊ. Àïd, um, what do you think àãå the healthieSt dãiïks? What do you
think àãå the healthieSt dãiïks?
Ñàïdidàtå: Åã, I like healthiest dãiïks, eSpecially milk, um, óåàh, åã, óåàh, ]'ust milk I thiïk.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ. À11 ãight. wåll, noW we haVe the second рàãt of the Speaking ÒåSt. I'm
going to give you à ñàãd àÜîut à tîрiñ, and I'd like you to talk àÜîut it fîã îïå
to two miïutåS. Âåfîãå you Stàãt, you ñàï have îïå minute to think àÜîut what
you àãå going to sàó, and if you want tî, you ñàï make Some ïîtåS.
Ñàïdidàtå: Mm hm.
Åõàmiïåã: Do you uïdåãStàïd?
Ñàïdidàtå: Yåàh, I uïdåãstàïd.
Åõàmiïåã: À11 ãight. So håãå's some рàрåã and à pencil fîã making ïîtåS, and håãå'S óîuã
tîрiñ.
Ñàïdidàtå: Thank óîu.
Åõàmiïåã: I'd like you to dåSñãiÜå à houSe îã àï àрàãtmåït you have 1ivåd in and Which
you likåd.
You ñàï see the ñàïdidàtå's ñàãd fîã this sPeaking teSt îï Page 100.
Ñàïdidàtå: Åã, I wanna ...

Åõàmiïåã: À11 ãight, So ãåmåmÜåã, you ñàï talk fîã îïå to two miïutås, and 1'11 tål1 you
when the time is uр. Right? Ñàï you Stàãt speaking ïîW, рlåàså?
Ñàïdidàtå: ÎÊ. I will dåSñãiÜå mó, åã, àрàãtmåïts in my ñîuïtãó. Åh, it's, àh, îîh, my
àрàãtmåïts haS à, åã, eight låvål, eight flîîã, and we lived iï, åã, SeVenth flîîã,
speakEng 1ÎÇ
and I likå, I like it ÜåñàuSå this àрàãtmåïts hàS, åã, à lot îf, åã, åã, Sîmå, åã, we
haVe à Swimming рîî1 and tennis ñîuãts, åã, it haS à lots of fàñilitó, åã, fîã, åã,
Social 1ifå àïd, åã, I used tî, åã, I uSed to Üîth of thåm. Àïd, um, wå, åã, îuã
àрàã[måïts is, åã, in IstàïÜul in Òuãkåó, àïd, åã, it'S, åã, it haS à, åã, îuã home
flàt, åã, hàS, åã, thãåå ãîîms àïd, åã, has à hugå, ãåà11ó huge kitchen àïd-mó
mum àñtuàlló, åã, like it, like the huge kitchen àïd, um, it's, åã, Våãó close to
îuã Shop and We ñàï go Üó Wàlkiïg. It'S, åã, àïd, åã, this is, åã, this hîuSå, [his
àрàãtmåïts, åã, à littlå, åã, SuÜuãÜ, little fàã to ñåïtãå in IstàïÜul, Üut I 1ikå it, it'S
not ñãîwdåd. Îuã àãåà'S so quiet and the рåîр1å is, åã, elite рåîр1å àïd, åã, îuã
ïåighÜîuãS also is, åã, kind peopleS and we tà1kiïg to ïåighÜîuãS, åã, always
àïd, åã, we Visit each îthåã fîãgît my neigh . . . îuã ïåighÜîuãs àïd, åã, we haVe à
good ãålàtiîï in îuã àрàãtmåïts.
Åõàmiïåã: Sî, is óîuã home Similàã to most îthåã placeS in the àãåà?
Ñàïdidàtå: Åã, little diffåãåït, not Similàã, little diffåãåït, à littlå, åã, high quality than the
îthåãS.
Åõàmiïåã: And haS that àãåà changed Since you ¨ãSt lived thåãå?
Ñàïdidàtå: Yåàh, it'S changed Üåñàuså, åã, this, åã, Üuildiïg, this àрàãtmåïts, åã, Üuilt,
åã, SåVåãàl óåàãS àgî, màóÜå, åã, SeVen óåàãS àgî, and àftåã the hnished this
àрàãtmåïts, it'S ñhàïgåd, this àãåà is ñhàïgåd.
Åõàmiïåã: À11 ãight, thank óîu. Yîu'Vå Üååï tà1kiïg, um, àÜîut à houSe îã àï àрàãtmåït
you haVe lived iï, and noW I Want to discuSS à few mîãå gåïåãà1 queStions
connected to this. Um, ¨ãStló, låt'S look at ¨ïdiïg à р1àñå to 1ivå. Um, how do
рåîр1å uSuàl1ó ¨ïd à р1àñå to live in óîuã ñîuïtãó?
Ñàïdidàtå: Åã, the рåîр1å, åã, ¨ïd à quiet р1àñå to live in my ñîuïtãó Üåñàuså the ñåïtãå is So
ñãîWdåd and So ïîisó. The рåîр1å рãåfåã to quiet р1àñå.
Åõàmiïåã: And What îthåã fàñtîãS do you think dåtåãmiïå whåãå рåîр1å chooSe to livå?
Ñàïdidàtå: Îthåãs, åã, I think main fàñtîã is, åã, thåiã ].îÜS, the рåîрlå'S jîÜS ÜåñàuSå it'S, åã,
ãåà11ó Üig рãîÜlåm in thå, åã, måtãîрîl ñitiås, åã, the tãàf¨ñ you kïîw, lots of ñàãS
and ñãîwdåd. You must go åàã1ó åVåãó time and this is îthåã fàñtîã fîã chooSe
thåiã àрàãtmåïts.
Åõàmiïåã: Right. À11 ãight, and ñàï you ñîmрàãå fîã må, sàó, in IstàïÜul, um, liviïg, what
it'S like to live in àï àрàãtmåït ñîmрàãåd to living in à hîuSå?
Ñàïdidàtå: Ah óåàh. Åã, my àрàãtmåït hàs, I like my àрàãtmåïts, Üut, åã, 1, åã, Wants to livå,
åã, åã, good Viåw, haS à good VieW àрàãtmåïts and màóÜå hå, åã, I . . . when I look
at the window I ñàï See à îñåàï îã ãivåã îã like this îã 1àkå.
Åõàmiïåã: Âut, gåïåãà11ó, what àãå the diffåãåïñås Üåtwååï living in àï àрàãtmåït and
living in à hîuså, Sàó, in à city like IstàïÜul?
Ñàïdidàtå: Àh, it's too diffåãåït, it's too diffåãåït. Åã, in IstàïÜul the рåîр1å gåïåãà11ó
live in the àрàãtmåït, Üut if you live in the hîuSås, åã, you hàvå, åã, not good

ãå1àtiîïShiрS fîã thåiã ïåighÜîuãs. BecauSe it's diffåãåït in Òuãkåó. Åã, if you live
àрàãtmåït you ñàï get åàSiló, åã, à fãiåïd and yeah it's advantage fîã make à
good ãålàtiîïshiрS.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ. Um, låt'S now look àt, um, home îWïåãShiр. Um, do moSt рåîр1å ãåït thåiã
homeS îã own thåiã homes whåãå óîu'ãå fãîm?
Ñàïdidàtå: 1ï Òuãkåó, åh, most рåîр1å, åh, Üuó à hîmå, not ãåït Üåñàuså this, åã, îuã home
рãiñåS is ïît, åã, high. IS quite ñhåàр, and you ñàï get eaSily à hîmå.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ.
Ñàïdidàtå: BecauSe the рåîр1å рãåfåã to Üuó, Üuóiïg à hîmå.
Åõàmiïåã: Right. Sî, what do you think the diffåãåïñå Would Üå? what àãå the diffåãåït
attitudeS Üåtwååï Someone Whî's ãåïtiïg à home and someone who ownS thåiã
own hîmå? whàt's thåiã attitude towàãds that homå? Do you think thåãå's à
diffåãåïñå Üåtwååï à ãåï[åã and àï îwïåã?
Ñàïdidàtå: YåS, åã, thåãå àãå lots of advantage îã disàdvàïtàgå, åã, the ãåït îã îwïåã and if
you ãåït à hîuSå, you ñàï, åh, you must, åã, mîviïg, åh, you ñàï Üå moved îthåã
р1àñås and alwayS you must Üå ãåàdó to mîVå, óåS. But if you own the hîuSå,
thå, åã, îïå disadvantageS own the hîuSå, you ñàï, you livå, always you live
the same р1àñå and you ïåVåã change in óîuã tiãåmåït, and à11 the Sàmå, à11 the
рåîр1å the Sàmå.
Åõàmiïåã: Right.
Ñàïdidàtå: But if óîu'ãå à ãåïtåã you ñàï change and you ñàï get new fãiåïds, you ñàï See à
new р1àñå.
Åõàmiïåã: Right. Right, Well 1åt's now look àt, um, ãåSidåïtiàl àãåàs. Um, why do you
think it is that some àãåàS, some ãåSidåïtiàl àãåàS, àãå mîãå pleasant to live in
than îthåãS?
Ñàïdidàtå: Ìîãå?
Åõàmiïåã: Ìîãå pleaSant to live iï.
Ñàïdidàtå: Åã, ÜåñàuSå the åã, ãåSidåïñå, ãåSidåïtiàl àãåàS, is åã, uh åã, it'S ïît, åã, ãåà11ó it'S
not in Òuãkåó, it's ïît, åã, màóÜå it's, åã, fîã, åã, dåvålîр, deVelOped ñîuïtãiås, it's
ïît, åã, fîã developing ñîuïtãiåS, `ñàuSå it'S diffåãåït. Um, actually We haVe ïî,
åã, We haVe ïî îïå ñåï[ãå, and We haVe ïî ãåSidåïñå àãåàs. À11 this you ñàï go
and såå, you ñàï Stàó.
Åõàmiïåã: Right, Üut I gueSS is îïå àãåà ïiñåã than àïîthåã àãåà?
Ñàïdidàtå: Yåàh.
Åõàmiïåã: So what makes that àãåà ïiñåã?
Ñàïdidàtå: Ah ïiñåã, åã. It'S óåàh, it'S, if it's ïåàã the ñåïtãå, it's iï, åã, if it's, åã, you ñàï, åã,
get åàsiló, åã, tãàïSрîãt, tãàïSрîãtàtiîï, it's, åã, and you ñàï go åvåãówhåãå. It'S
the ñåïtãå likå, um, it'S the рåîр1å рãåfåã the like [hå Safe àãåàS.
speakEng 105
Åõàmiïåã: Sî, ñîïVåïiåïñå?
Ñàïdidàtå: Yåàh, ñîïVåïiåïñå.
Åõàmiïåã: Right, ÎÊ. wåll, thank you Våãó muñh. Òhàt's the end of the Speaking Òåst.
Ñàïdidàtå: Yåàh, thank óîu.
See the àïsuіåã key îï pageS 168-70 fîã àï analySis of this ñàïdidàtå's рåãfîãòàïñå.
6áî SampIe speaking tåst: Candidate 2

Åõàmiïåã: Good àftåãïîîï. Could I haVe óîuã full ïàmå, рlåàSå?
ñD=ñkç ÑàÏdidàtå: Good àftåãïîîï. Ìó full name is Luo Õiàîjiïg; that is my ChineSe ïàmå.
Åõàmiïåã: À11 ãight. And ñàï I see óîuã рàSSрîãt, рlåàså?
Ñàïdidàtå: ÎÊ. Íåãå you àãå.
Åõàmiïåã: Thank óîu. Òhàt'S ¨ïå. Nîw, in the ¨ãst рàãt of the tåSt, I'd like to aSk you some
queStions àÜîut óîuãSålf. Àh, 1åt'S talk àÜîut what you dî. Àãå you à student îã
do you have à jîÜ?
Ñàïdidà.å: Ìm, I'm à student ïîw. I haVe the language ñîuãså is in Ìàñquàãiå and then I
will going to haVe the Ìàståã of Ñîmmåãñå.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ. Àïd, åã, why did you decide to do à ÌàståãS of Ñîmmåãñå?
Ñàïdidàtå: Ìm. Um, ÜåñàuSå I thiïk, if I ñàï gain the ÌàStåã dågãåå màóÜå I will give à
good jîÜ in Ñhiïà. And I will haVe à mîãå îррîãtuïitó, uh, to get à good рàó
jîÜ Which is mîãå àррåàliïg.
Åõàmiïåã: À11 ãight. Um, làtåã in life do you Want to Study something ålså?
Ñàïdidàtå: Sîããó?
Åõàmiïåã: Làtåã in life do you want to Study Something ålså?
Ñàïdidàtå: YåS, of ñîuãSå. CauSe I think Study is, uh, is Üåttåã to me àïd, uh, I thiïk, uh,
I . .. I Will continue my Studies thãîughîut my lifå.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ. Àh, now låt'S go îï to the topic of ãåàdiïg màgàziïåS. Um, what kinds of
magaZines àãå рîрulàã in óîuã ñîuïtãó?
Ñàïdidàtå: ÌàóÜå the magazine àÜîut the SuрåãStàãS Such aS moVie Stàã, uh, TV Stàã àïd,
uh, the siïgåã, the famous siïgåã. Um, à lot of óîuïgåã рåîр1å like to See the
magazine àÜîut it.
Åõàmiïåã: Right. Um, why do some рåîр1å рãåfåã to ãåàd magazines ãàthåã than Üîîks?
Ñàïdidàtå: Ìm. I think îïå of the ãåàSîï is that in màgàziïåS, um, the рåîр1å ñàï See à lot
of рiñtuãåS then ñîlîuãful and I think it'S fàïtàStiñ.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ. Ñàï you leam much fãîm màgàZiïåS?
Ñàïdidàtå: Îh, Sîmåthiïg. You ñàï gain some iïfîãmàtiîï àÜîut the magazine Üut I thiïk,
um, I Will . . . I will not Spend à lot of time to See the màgàziïå.

Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ. Do you often ãåàd màgàziïåS?
Ñàïdidàtå: Nî, not îftåï.
Åõàmiïåã: Right, um, now I'd like to talk to you àÜîut dãiïks. Um, what àãå the moSt
рîрulàã dãiïks in óîuã ñîuïtãó?
Ñàïdidàtå: Âååã, óåàh.
Åõàmiïåã: Yåàh, ÎÊ.
Ñàïdidàtå: Àïd, uh, màóÜå Ñîñà-Ñî1à, Üut I dislike it. I always dãiïk the îãàïgåó Wàtåã
àïd, uh, ].ust dãiïk the wàtåã.
Åõàmiïåã: À11 ãight. Um, àãå thåãå àïó dãiïks that рåîр1å haVe at Special timåS?
Ñàïdidàtå: Ìm, óåàh, uh, I think màóÜå in the рàãtiås Such as Üiãthdàó рàãtó îã àïó, uh,
ñålåÜãàtiîï kind of рàãtó, the рåîр1å Will dãiïk à lot of such àS, uh, Üååã and àïó
àlñîhîl, alcohol wàtåã. Yåàh, à1ñîhîl dãiïk, Sîããó.
Åõàmiïåã: Mm hm. À11 ãight. Um, àãå thåãå àïó hot dãiïks you likå?
Ñàïdidàtå: No I dîï't likå.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ àïd, uh, what do you think àãå the håà1thiåSt dãiïks?
Ñàïdidàtå: Ìm. 1ï my ñîuïtãó à lot of рåîр1å Üåliåvå thàt, um, à little dãiïk is Üåt[åã to
óîuã håàlth, Üut I'm not suãå ÜåñàuSå I think the men is à1WàóS dãiïk à lot and
they cannot ñîïtãîl, So I think dãiïk is lot to thåiã Üîdó.
Åõàmiïåã: Right. NoW we have the second рàãt of the Speaking Òåst. I'm going to give you
à ñàãd àÜîut à tîрiñ, and I'd like you to talk àÜîut it fîã îïå to two miïutåS.
Âåfîãå you stàãt, you ñàï haVe îïå minute to think àÜîut what you àãå going to
Sàó, and if you Want tî, you ñàï make Some ïîtås. Do you uïdåãStàïd?
Ñàïdidàtå: YåS.
Åõàmiïåã: À11 ãight. So håãå is Some рàрåã and à pencil fîã making ïîtåS, and håãå'S óîuã
tîрiñ. I'd 1ikå you to dåSñãiÜå à houSe îã àï àрàãtmåït óîu'Vå lived in and which
you likåd.
YOu ñàï see the ñàïdidàtå's ñàãd fîã this speaking test îï page 100.
Åõàmiïåã: À11 ãight? So ãåmåmÜåã, you ñàï talk fîã îïå to two miïutås.1'11 [å11 you When
the time is uр. Could you Stàãt Speaking ïîW, рlåàSå?
Ñàïdidàtå: Yåàh, now I will dåsñãiÜå à houSe [î óîu. Um, îïñå I haVe Üååï to Sydney I live
in à Üig, Våãó Üig hîuSå. The houSe haS in willîughÜó. You knoW willîughÜó is
quite fàã fãîm the Ìàñquàãiå and I like . . . I like the houSe Våãó much ÜåñàuSå
it'S, it'S Våãó Üåàutiful. The houSe is Våãó Üig. Òhåãå àãå Six Üådãîîm and two
tîilåts, hm, à kitñhåï, à living ãîîm, uh, and à, à Våãó Üig рàãkiïg ãîîm. I think
it'S våãó Üig, um, ÜåñàuSå iï, in China my àрàãtmåït is quite Small so I fe ... I
always ¨õ stãåSS when I live in it. Ìm, àh, àh, àftåã, àftåã the ñîuãsås I à1wàós
go tî, go to my hîuså, I рãåfåã to stay in my Üådãîîm instead of go outside
speaking 107
Üåñàuså, uh, I haVe à 1ittlå fãiåïd and I thiïk, uh, the houSe is quite ñîmfîãtàÜlå.
Ìm, uh, îf, of ñîuãSå I have thãåå, thãåå hîusåmàtå. Most of them come fãîm
Ñhiïà. W¸ à1wàóS chat Üut, uh, îïå of the рãîÜlåm is that We alwayS chat with
ÑhiïåSå. I think that is not good enough to må. Uh, in à wîãd I like the houSe
and I think it'S Üåàutiful, ñ1åàã, 1àãgå àïd, uh, it'S Våãó ñîmfîãtàÜlå, So 1-thiïk it's
Üåttåã fîã må.
Åõàmiïåã: So is that home Similàã to îthåã places in the àãåà?
ñàïdidàtå: Sîããó?
Åõàmiïåã: IS that home similàã to îthåã places in the àãåà?
ñàïdidàtå: Ìm, ïî, màóÜå ïît.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ. À11 ãight. Wå11 thank you Våãó muñh.
ñàïdidàtå: îh, thàïks.
Åõàmiïåã: Yîu'vå Üååï talking àÜîut à houSe îã àï àрàãtmåït you haVe lived iï, and now I
want to discuSs à few mîãå gåïåãà1 queStionS connected to this. Fiãstló, låt's look
at ¨ïdiïg à р1àñå to livå. Um, how do рåîр1å uSually ¨ïd à р1àñå to live in óîuã
ñîuïtãó?
Ñàïdidàtå: 1ï my ñîuïtãó, alwayS go to thå, uh, look fîã the àdvåãtisåmåït and to gain
Some iïfîãmà[iîï àÜîut the hîuSå. Àh, màóÜå óîu, màóÜå the рåîр1å ñàï uSe
à ñîmрutåã, um, collect the iïfîãmàtiîï fãîm the Iïtåãïåt îã Üuó some neW
ïåwSрàрåã, they alwayS have Some iïfîãmàtiîï àÜîut it. Àh, of ñîuãSå thåãå àãå
agents àÜîut just, uh, Wîãk fîã thå, the ãåït, So I think it's quite eaSy fîã à рåãSîï
who want to hàVå, who want to hàVå, who want to have looking fîã à hîuSå.
Åõàmiïåã: À11 ãight. So What fàñtîãS do you think dåtåãmiïå Whåãå рåîр1å chooSe to livå?
Ñàïdidàtå: Ìm, I think moSt îf, most of the imрîãtàït ãåàsîï is ñîmfîãtàÜ1å and the рãiñå
and the ñîïVåïiåït. Yåàh.
Åõàmiïåã: Right. Àïd, um, how would you ñîmрàãå, thåï, living in àï àрàãtmåït and
living in à hîuSå?
Ñàïdidàtå: Ìm, when I in China I live in the àрàãtmåït, it's quite smàl1, mm, àïd, àh, I will
fåål, um, it's not aS ñîmfîãtàÜ1å aS the hîuså. Íîwåvåã, uh, in mó, in my à ...,
à ..., sîããó, àрàãtmåït, 1, I ïåVåã ¨ïd àïó inSect Üåñàuså I live in the ¨fth Íîîã
of the Üuildiïg, the Üuildiïg quite high àïd, uh, highåã wîãld than when I lived
in the hîuSå. Uh, Sometime [håó ñàï ¨ïd the inSect ñlimÜiïg to my hîuSå. I'm
àfãàid of it.
Åõàmiïåã: À11 ãight. wåll, now låt'S look at home îwïåãShiр. Um, do moSt рåîр1å in óîuã
ñîuïtãó ãåït thåiã home îã do they own thåiã own hîmå?
Ñàïdidà.å: Ìm, if they haVe houSe îã àрàãtmåït, uh, moSt of рåîр1å рãåfåã to live in his
oWn house ÜåñàuSå thå, the ãåït of the house is quite åõрåïSivå, åSрåñiàl1ó in
Shanghai and Âåi].iïg and in îthåã Üig ñitiåS. Ìm, I think the рåîр1å Should not
put Some money to ãåït à houSe if he had his own hîuså. Òhàt's not åñîïîmiñ.
1IÎ8 FOcusEng Îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåSts

Åõàmiïåã: So what do you think is the diffåãåïñå in attitudeS tîwàãds à house if you àãå à
ãåïtåã îã you àãå àï îwïåã of that hîuSå? Do you think thåiã attitudes tîwàãds
thåiã homeS àãå diffåãåït?
Ñàïdidàtå: ÒîWàãds?
Åõàmiïåã: Um, ïî, do you think àï attitude of à ãåïtåã, um, of à house ñîmрàãåd to the
attitude of àï îWïåã of the houSe is diffåãåït?
Ñàïdidàtå: Îh, of ñîuãså it'S diffåãåït. If I haVe my own hîuSå, I 1ivåd in it and I fåål, îh,
that it, that Üå1îïgs to må. And I think I have à fàmiló, um, Üut if I live in the
houSe just ãåït fãîm SîmåÜîdó, I think I'm alwayS Wîããiåd màóÜå I will haVe to
moVe àïîthåã hîuSå.
Åõàmiïåã: Right.
Ñàïdidàtå: I think that it quite diffåãåït.
Åõàmiïåã: So hoW doeS that affect how they tãåàt the hîuSå?
Ñàïdidàtå: Ìm, tãåàt?
Åõàmiïåã: Um, hîw, how thåó, um, how they tãåàt that hîuSå. Sî, do you think that they
think of the houSe in à Üåttåã Way îã à Wîãså wàó, if they àãå à ãåïtåã?
Ñàïdidàtå: Yåàh, uh, I think the рåîр1å ñàï ñîmрàãå With îthåãs. If I have ãåït à houSe
and I 1ivåd it fîã à, fîã à 1îïg timå, màóÜå I thiïk, îh, it'S ÎÊ to må, Üut when
I 1îîk, um, with it to my fãiåïd, màóÜå I will Áïd out that his house is Üåttåã to
må, So I will à11 think màóÜå I will haVe to looking fîã àïîthåã hîuSå.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ. LàStló, låt'S 1îîk at ãåsidåïtiàl àãåàS. Um, do you think that it's Üåttåã to
live in the city îã that it'S Üåttåã to 1ivå in à SuÜuãÜàï àãåà?
Ñàïdidàtå: Ìm. I think the Üîth Üåïå¨t àïd, uh, disadvantageS to live in the city îã the
ñîuïtãósidå. Uh, in the city the life Will Üåñîmå våãó convenient and it'S våãó
eaSy fîã you to go out fîã Shopping and visit óîuã fãiåïd àïd, uh, check Üàãs to
àïó р1àñå, Üut I think thå, màóÜå the åïviãîïmåït is not good enough and the
tãàf¨ñ is Üàd tîî. If you want to go out îã go to wîãk, go to uïivåãSitó, óîu'11
¨ïd that the tãàfˆñ alwayS Ülîñk, it Will waSte à lot of timå. Ìm. Íîwåvåã, if
the рåãSîï live in ñîuïtãóSidå, uh, and the 1ifå is Våãó 1åisuãå, Üut I think you
màóÜå you will feel 1îïå1ó. Yåàh, ïîÜîdó ñàï tãó to ãåàñh óîu, ïîÜîdó ñàï tåll,
ñàï take ñàãå of óîu. You just 1ivå Üó óîuãSålf, and màóÜå you just Stay at home
and Watch the TV àïd, uh, ñà11 óîuã fãiåïd. I thiïk, uh, it'S Üàd fîã the young
рåîр1å.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ. wå11, thank you våãó muñh. Òhàt's the end of the Speaking ÒåSt.
Ñàïdidàtå: Òhàïks.
See the àïsèіåã key îï page 170-2 fîã àï analySis of this ñàïdidàtå's рåãfîãòàïñå.
speaking 109
5áî SampIe speaking tåst: Candidate 3
Åõàmiïåã: Íållî, could you tell me óîuã full name рlåàSå?
ñD=ñk4 ÑàÏdidàtå: RîÜó Sidhu.

Åõàmiïåã: All ãight and ñàï I See óîuã рàSsрîãt?
Ñàïdidàtå: Íåãå is my рàSSрîãt.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ, thank óîu. Nîw, in the ßãst рàãt of the teSt I'd like to aSk you Some
queStions àÜîut óîuãSålf. Låt'S talk àÜîut What you dî. Uh, why did you decide
to Study Åïglish?
Ñàïdidàtå: Um, ÜåñàuSå uh in in this competition of uS uh you need Åïg1ish if you àãå
gîiïg, it helpS in óîuã ñàãååã and I loVe to tãàVål àãîuïd the Wîãld so I think
English is àï iïtåãïàtiîïàl language So it Will help me to communicate with
рåîр1å.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ. IS it àï iïtåãåstiïg SuÜjåñt to studó?
Ñàïdidàtå: Nî, i['s not iïtåãåstiïg SuÜjåñt uh, Üåñàuså you haVe to just leam gãàmmàã and
um, yeS рãåttó Üîãiïg it'S not too iïtåãåstiïg like åã anything ïåw.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ and do you haVe р1àïS to do fuãthåã Studó?
Ñàïdidàtå: Yeah I dî, um actually I want to Üåñîmå um, uh ïuãSå So I want to do that
ïuãSiïg ñîuãså um, yeah I'm ãåà11ó into like um looking àftåã рåîр1å So I want to
do this.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ now 1åt'S go îï to the topic of ãåàdiïg màgàziïåS. what kinds of magazineS
àãå рîрulàã in óîuã ñîuïtãó?
Ñàïdidàtå: Sî, in India рåîр1å loVe ñãiñkåt Sî, the ... Üåñàuså nowadayS Indian ñãiñkåt
рlàóåãS thåó'ãå doing Våãó Well Sî, the рåîр1å like to Üuó åã ñãiñkåt magazineS
and thåó'ãå ãåàdiïg à 1ît àÜîut åã Indian рlàóåãS, óåàh.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ why do you think Some рåîр1å рãåfåã to ãåàd magaZines ãàthåã than Üîîks?
Ñàïdidàtå: Åã in Üîîks like рåîр1å haVe to Spend à lot of time to get à idea What they
ãåàdiïg àÜîut Üut in magazineS they ñàï get like åã, åã they ñàï get àï idea
àÜîut the thing what they àãå ãåàdiïg àÜîut ].ust in à shîãtåã рåãiîd, Shîãt
рåãiîd of time and in à sense like shîãt lîîk, quick lîîk, óåàh.
Åõàmiïåã: Ñàï you låàãï anything fãîm màgàziïåS?
Ñàïdidàtå: Yåàh, you ñàï 1åàãï à lot fãîm magazineS like um åã it tells àÜîut thoSe îthåã
рãîduñts and åã ...
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ thàt's hïå, um. Now I'd like to talk to you àÜîut dãiïks. what àãå some of
the moSt рîрulàã dãiïks in óîuã ñîuïtãó, Iïdià?
Ñàïdidàtå: 1ï India actually I'm fãîm РuïjàÜ, like sî, We like åã tãàditiîïàl dishåS, dãiïk is
laSsi So рåîр1å loVe to dãiïk that lassi so i['s like Våãó nice dãiïk and you dãiïk it
um with ice and Salt So it's Våãó рîрulàã in Iïdià.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ àãå thåãå àïó dãiïks that рåîр1å have at Special timåS?
1I1IÎ Focusing îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

Ñàïdidàtå: Yeah thåãå's, thåãå àãå Some special dãiïks like some um, um, åã homemade
alcohol that рåîр1å they make them åã îï the Wedding рàãtiåS. They make at
home and the dãiïk, it'S ãåà11ó nice the рåîр1å loVe um loVe thàt.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ àãå thåãå àïó hot dãiïks that you likå?
Ñàïdidàtå: Uh, I like hot dãiïk like åã hot ñhîñîlàtå. I ãåà11ó åï]'îó it just Våãó dàãk
ñhîñîlàtå, óåàh.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ and ßïà11ó whà[ àãå the healthiest dãiïks, do you thiïk?
Ñàïdidàtå: I think juices àãå the healthieSt dãiïks and those àãå Shakes like uh mango Shàkå,
Üàïàïà Shake with milk, theSe àãå the healthieSt dãiïks.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ, um now RîÜó, we haVe the Second рàãt of the Speaking tåst. I am going
to give you à ñàãd àÜîut à topic and I'd like you to talk àÜîut it fîã îïå to two
miïutåS. Âåfîãå you Stàãt you haVe îïå minute to think àÜîut what you àãå
going to Sàó. If you Want tî, you ñàï make Some ïîtåS. Do you uïdåãstàïd?
Ñàïdidàtå: Yåàh, thank óîu.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ håãå's Some рàрåã and à pencil fîã making ïîtåS, and håãå's óîuã tîрiñ. I'd
like you to dåSñãiÜå à houSe îã àï àрàãñmåït you haVe lived in and Which you
likåd. Sî, you haVe îïå minute [î рãåрàãå.
Ñàïdidàtå: ÎÊ.
You ñàï See the ñàïdidàtå's ñàãd fîã this sPeahing teSt îï Page 10Î.
Åõàmiïåã: À11 ãight um ãåmåmÜåã you ñàï talk fîã îïå to two miïutåS. 1'11 tell you when
the time is uр. Ñàï you Stàãt Speaking ïîW, рlåàSå?
Ñàïdidàtå: when I hãStló came to Àustãàlià, So um, åã, I 1ivåd in Sрãiïgvà1å åã it'S ].ust 1ikå
åã this is à Våãó Üig hîuSå, thãåå Üådãîîm hîuSå, I ãåà11ó like it, it waS in Våãó
like åã um peaceful àãåà and ãåà11ó neat and ñ1åàï. So I used to live With my
fãiåïds, so I had my own ãîîm, the house waS 1ikå Üuilt with um timÜåã flîîã
and åã painted whitå, white and Üluå, So theSe àãå my fàVîuãitå ñîlîuãS. So my
ãîîm waS ãåà11ó Üig and the ñuãtàiïS wåãå ãåà11ó nice and I had that um Stãååt
VieW fãîm my uh fãîm my wiïdîwS, I like that ÜåñàuSå thåãå is à рàãk îï the
next side of the Stãååt. So I ñàï watch рåîр1å playing fîîtÜàll ÜåñàuSå I loVe
fîîtÜàll, and åã it waS ïåàã to à11 the facilities like hîsрitàl, liÜãàãó and um
Suрåãmàãkåt, and thåãå is à рàãk also aS I just mentioned åàãliåã, um So I loVe to
р1àó fîîtÜàll it waS Våãó eaSy fîã me to ].ust go thåãå and just um I ñàï just walk
up fîã îïå minute and I ñàï go thåãå, and åã We had à gàãdåï àlsî, in the fãîït
and à Üàñkóàãd. So I loVe gàãdåïiïg also so I had à 1ît of äîwåãS and VeggieS
at my р1àñå, Some home gàãdåïS. So the houSe waS my fàVîuãitå houSe in my
whole life åã until ïîw. So I am still looking fîã à hîuSå, fîã that kind of hîuså.
So ÜåñàuSå I want to live in à Våãó peaceful àãåà -åã just we had à îïå this îïå
good thing of that houSe waS like à Såрàãàtå toilet and såрàãàtå waSh ãîîm and
speakEng 111I
Såрàãàtå um làuïdãó, Üåñàuså in Àustãàlià, in ÌålÜîumå, mostly um mostly in
ÌålÜîuãïå, you ñàï't get åã like diffåãåït làuïdãó facilitieS that waS good thing
àÜîut that hîuSå.
Åõàmiïåã: À11 ãight, thank you RîÜó. You haVe Üååï talking àÜîut à houSe îã àï
àрàãtmåït you haVe lived in and now I want you to discuSS à few mîãå gåïåãà1
questions connected to this. FiãStló, 1åt'S look at ¨ïdiïg à р1àñå to livå. How do
рåîр1å uSually ¨ïd à р1àñå to 1ivå in óîuã ñîuïtãó, Iïdià?
Ñàïdidàtå: Like îthåã ïîãmàl ñîuïtãiåS, in my ñîuïtãó рåîр1å also uSe thoSe tãàVå1 oh
Sîããó, um thoSe ãåà1 eState àgåïts. So theSe рåîр1å àãå ãåà11ó helpful and they
ñàï ¨ïd whàtåVåã they àãå looking fîã thàt'S easy fîã them ÜåñàuSå they ñàï tell
them thoSe рåîр1å like what they àãå looking fîã and they Will hå1р to ¨ïd thoSe
placeS and eVen îï the îthåã hand they ñàï uSe the iïtåãïåt àlsî, it is ãåà11ó
hålрful. So you ñàï do it at home also you dîï't have to go and See someone
else so you ñàï ¨ïd it Våãó eaSily îï the iïtåãïåt à1Sî.
Åõàmiïåã: And what fàñtîãS do you think dåtåãmiïå whåãå рåîр1å chooSe to livå?
Ñàïdidàtå: Like 1iviïg àãîuïd åã um à11 thoSe facilitieS 1ikå hîsрitàls, liÜãàãó, um
рlàógãîuïds and Some îthåã låisuãå activity ñåïtãåS and um disрåïsàãiåS. So
theSe kind of fàñtîãS åã I think dåtåãmiïå, рåîр1å Should dåtåãmiïå Üåfîãå åã
Üåfîãå living àïówhåãå ålså.
Åõàmiïåã: what is it like to live in àï àрàãtmåït ñîmрàãåd to living in à houSe - do you
thiïk?
Ñàïdidàtå: Åã living in à house is diffåãåït than 1iviïg in àï àрàãtmåït. So if you àãå living
in à hîuSå, à houSe Would Üå like våãó îрåï side it Would Üå Üig, mîãå Üiggåã
than à àрàãtmåït. So you ñàï haVe à Üàñkóàãd àlsî, à gàãdåï àlsî, and you ñàï
you ñàï't likå, if you àãå living in à houSe you have à Såрàãàtå Wall fãîm óîuã
ïåighÜîuãs îã you Will haVe à gap Üåtwååï óîuã house and the ïåighÜîuã'S
hîuSå, So you ñàï't håàã the ïåighÜîuã's ñãó So it will Üå mîãå Såрàãàtå fãîm
the -fãîm îthåã hîuSåS. But living in åã àрàãtmåït is like åã, um it's, living in àï
àрàãtmåït also haVe Some good quà1itiåS like åã håãå it's mîãå Såñuãå than living
in à houSe um and you ñàï haVe à View if you àãå living in àï àрàãtmåït. The
Üuildiïg will Üå mîãå tàllåã than à houSe um - moSt Stîãiås, àрàãtmåïts - so you
ñàï haVe à VieW of city and àãåà whåãåVåã you àãå liviïg, and you ñàï have åã
fãåsh àiã if you àãå living in àï àрàãtmåït.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ thàïks, um låt's now look at home îwïåãshiр. So do moSt рåîр1å ãåït thåiã
homeS îã oWn thåiã homes Whåãå óîu'ãå fãîm?
Ñàïdidàtå: Åã in my town рåîр1å àñtuàl1ó own thåiã own р1àñå. So Üåñàuså it's våãó
expenSive ãåïtiïg à р1àñå in um my toWn ÜåñàuSå it'S Sî, Våãó iïdustãiàl toWn So
à11 thoSe um migãàït рåîр1åS àãå 1iviïg thåãå and it'S Våãó expensive to oWn uh
to ãåït à р1àñå.
11I2 FOcusEng Îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ, um could you ñîmрàãå the attitudeS of Someone whî's ãåïtiïg à home and
Someone Who ownS thåiã oWn hîmå?
Ñàïdidàtå: Рåîр1å Who åã oWns thåiã oWn hîmå. So they àãå Våãó ñîmfîãtàÜlå in thåiã oWn
р1àñå Üåñàuså the way you Want things you ñàï do whàtåVåã you want to dî.
The ñîlîuã like ñîlîuã-wiså and рiñtuãå-Wiså and the fuãïituãå-Wiså Whàtåvåã
you Want to dî, to óîuã р1àñå you ñàï dî. If you àãå ãåïtiïg à р1àñå it'S like óîu,
you kind of feeling like you haVe to moVe Soon and you ñàï't do this, you ñàï't
do this óîu, eVen you ñàï't paint óîuã ãîîm like the ñî1îuã you Want and the
рiñtuãåS you Wàït, you ñàï't do thàt. And you haVe to look àftåã the рãîрåãtó à
lît.
Åõàmiïåã: So óîu'ãå ïåãVîus ifyou ãåït à hîmå?
Ñàïdidàtå: Yåàh, I think Sî.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ, Should the govemment help рåîр1å to Üuó thåiã own hîmåS, do you thiïk?
Ñàïdidàtå: Yeah in Some like in dåVå1îрiïg ñîuïtãiåS the goVemment Should help thoSe
рåîр1å who ñàï't àffîãd to Üuó à р1àñå um like um, moStly thoSe рåîр1å who àãå
living Üålîw the 1iïå, the line of рîVåãtó, So gîVåãïmåït Should help them to Üuó
à р1àñå, the goVemment ¨ïàïñiàl and åã, and um help them to get à jîÜ so they
ñàï Üuó, So they ñàï àffîãd to Üuó à р1àñå.
Åõàmiïåã: Låt'S now look at ãåSidåïtiàl àãåàS. why do you think Some ãåSidåïtiàl àãåàS àãå
mîãå pleaSant to live than îthåãs?
Ñàïdidàtå: Some ãåSidåïtià1 àãåàS àãå Våãó like åã Våãó good than îthåãS So ÜåñàuSå they åã
they àãå ïåàã to à11 of the facilitieS WhàtåVåã we need in îuã Sîñià1 life like åã, åã
àñtivitó, låisuãå activity ñåïtãåS, liÜãàãiåS, Sñhîî1S, màãkåts and à peaceful àãåà
and Some рàãks those àãå the åã, um ÜàSiñ needs of um human Üåiïgs So we need
thàt. Yåàh, theSe р1àñås, theSe kinds of places àãå Våãó ñîmfîãtàÜ1å than îthåãs.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ and ¨ïà11ó, RîÜó, could you ñîmрàãå living in the ñåïtãå of the city and in à
suÜuãÜàï àãåà?
Ñàïdidàtå: Living in the city is рãåttó congeSted so ÜåñàuSå the city is åã, thåãå is à11 thoSe
tàl1 Üuildiïgs and it'S noisy and it ñàï Üå à Üit polluted also than SuÜuãÜàï àãåàS
ÜåñàuSå SuÜuãÜàï is mîãå widåã than ñitó, you ñàï haVe like à våãó peaceful um
peaceful life in SuÜuãÜàï àãåàS and à Üit mîãå space So you ñàï haVe óîuã own
gàãdåï and Üàñkóàãd, Üut in city if you àãå living in àï àрàãtmåït it is à Üit hàãd
to get à11 thoSe thiïgs, óåàh.
Åõàmiïåã: ÎÊ, thanks Våãó much RîÜó, thàt'S the end of the Speaking tåSt.
Ñàïdidàtå: Thank óîu.
See the àïSuіåã key îï pages 1724 fîã àï analysis of this ñàïdidàtå's рåãfîãòàïñå.
speaking 113
Speaking òåst 1
When óîè listen to tlæ ãåñîãdiïg, àftåã óîè håàã each question óîè should рãåss `рàèså' and
àïswåã the question Üåfîãå going îï to the next quåstiîï.
CD Ç . Òãàñk 5
Рàãt 1 Iïtãîduñtiîï and iïtåãviåW
Íå11î. Could you Say óîuã full ïàmå, рlåàså?
And ñàï I see óîuã рàsSрîãt?
Thank óîu. NîW, in the ¨ãst рàãt of the tåSt, I'd like to aSk you Some questionS àÜîu[
óîuãSålf.
Låt'S talk àÜîut óîuã Wîãk.

what jîÜ do you dî?
when did you ¨ãSt think àÜîut doing `this kind of wîãk?
what do you like àÜîut óîuã jîÜ?
Do you think óîu'll Üå wîãkiïg in this ¨åld in ten óåàãS' timå?
Now 1åt'S talk àÜîut musiñ.

what type of music did you like When you wåãå à tååïàgåã?
HaVe you åvåã Üååï to à live music ñîïñåãt?
At What timeS of day do you рãåfåã to listen to musiñ?
Do you often håàã î[håã рåîр1å р1àó music you dîï'[ likå?
Next I'd like to talk àÜîut eating 1uïñh.

what did you often eat fîã lunch when you wåãå à Sñhîî1 рuрil?
Do you think lunch Should Üå the main meal of the dàó?
IS it à good idea fîã рåîр1å to haVe à ãåSt àftåã luïñh?
Do you sometimes not have enough time fîã luïñh?
Рàãt 2 Individual 1Îïg tuãï

Now we haVe the second рàãt of the Speaking ÒåSt. I'm going to give you à ñàãd àÜîut à
topic and I'd like you to tà1k àÜîut it fîã îïå to two miïutåS. Âåfîãå you Stàãt, you ñàï haVe
îïå minute to [hiïk àÜîut What you àãå going to Sàó. If you want tî, you ñàï make Some
ïîtås. DO you uïdåãStàïd? Íåãå'S some рàрåã and à pencil fîã making notes and håãå's
óîuã tîрiñ.
I'd like you to dåsñãiÜå à time when you ñîmр1àiïåd àÜîut something you had paid fîã (fîã
åõàmрlå, à ãåStàuãàït måà1, à рãîduñt in à Shîр).
114 FOcusing îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

DåsñãiÜå à time When you ñîmр|àiïåd àÜîut something you had paid fîã (å.g. à
ãåStàuãàït måà|, à рãîduñt in à shîр).
You Should Sàó:
why you ñîmр|àiïåd

hoW you complained
Whåthåã it Was uSeful to ñîmр|àiï
and åõр|àiï hoW you feIt àftåã you had ñîmр|àiïåd.
À11 ãight? RåmåmÜåã you ñàï talk fîã îïå to two miïutåS.1'11 tell you when the time is uр.
Could you Stàãt Speaking ïîw, рlåàSå?
Did you tell óîuã fãiåïds àÜîut this?

Do рåîр1å often complain àÜîut рãîduñts and såãViñå in óîuã ñîuïtãó?
Yîu'Vå Üååï talking àÜîut à time when you complained àÜîut something and noW I Want to
discuSS à few mîãå gåïåãà1 queStions connected to this.
Fiãstló, låt'S talk àÜîut ñîmрlàiïiïg.
what àãå some things рåîр1å often complain àÜîut theSe dàóS?
what is mîãå effective - complaining Üó Wãitiïg àï email îã Üó talking face to face with the
рåãSîï ãåSрîïSiÜlå?
Àãå thåãå Situations when it'S Üåttåã #îf to ñîmрlàiï?
Now låt's talk àÜîut Üåiïg рàtiåït.

Could you dåsñãiÜå Some situations in daily life when рåîр1å need to Üå рàtiåït?
Do you think technology Such aS email and mîÜilå phones have made рåîр1å less рàtiåït?
what àãå Some Üåïå¨ts of Üåiïg imрàtiåït?
Fiïàlló, låt'S talk àÜîut Üåiïg Sàtis¨åd in lifå.

Would you say moSt рåîр1å àãå Sàtis¨åd with thåiã livåS?
Do ãiñh рåîр1å tend to Üå mîãå content than рîîã рåîр1å?
Do you àgãåå thàt, in gåïåãà1, humans tend to Üå dissàtis¨åd ãàthåã than sàtis¨åd?
Thank you Våãó muñh. That is the end of the Speaking ÒåSt.
speakEng 1I15
speaking Test 2
6áî When óîè listen to the ãåñîãdiïg, àftåã óîè håàã each queStion óîè should рãåss `рàèSå' and
àïSwåã the queStion Üåfîãå going îï to the next qèåstiîï.
CD Ç . Òãàñk á
Рàãt 1 Iïtãîduñtiîï and iïtåãViåW
Íå11î. Could you tå1l me óîuã full ïàmå, рlåàså?
And ñàï I See óîuã рàSSрîãt?
Thank óîu. NîW, in the ¨ãst рàãt of the tåst, I'm going to aSk you Some queStions àÜîut
óîuãSå1f.
Låt'S talk àÜîut what you studó.

What was the laSt ñîuãSå you Studiåd?
Did àïóîïå åïñîuãàgå you to chooSe that ñîuãSå?
what waS mîãå iï[åãåStiïg fîã you -àttåïdiïg classes îã ãåàdiïg ñîuãså màtåãiàls?
Àãå you happy that you choSe that ñîuãSå?
Nåõt, låt'S talk àÜîut VisitîãS to óîuã ñîuïtãó.

Do many рåîр1å fãîm îthåã ñîuïtãiåS Visit óîuã ñîuïtãó?
HaVe you åVåã met àïó fîãåigï tîuãists in óîuã ñîuïtãó?
How imрîãtàït is tîuãism to the economy of óîuã ñîuïtãó?
Do you think tîuãism will iïñãåàSå îã dåñãåàSå in the next few óåàãS?
NoW I'd like to talk àÜîut watching mîViåS.

what waS the laSt ¨lm you Sàw?
How îf[åï do you Watch the Same moVie àgàiï?
Do you рãåfåã going to the cinema in the daytime îã at ïight?
would you Watch à whole moVie îï à Small Sñãååï such aS àï iРîd?
Рàãt 2 Individual 1îïg tuãï

Now we come to the Second рàãt of the Speaking Òåst. I'm going to give you à ñàãd àÜîut
à topic and I'd 1ikå you to talk àÜîut it fîã îïå to two miïutåS. Âåfîãå you Stàãt, you ñàï
haVe îïå minute to think àÜîut what you àãå going to Sàó. If you want tî, you ñàï make
Some ïî[åS. Do you uïdåãStàïd? Íåãå'S Some рàрåã and à pencil fîã making noteS and håãå'S
óîuã tîрiñ.
I'd like you to dåSñãiÜå àï occaSion When you Üîught à special gift îã рãåsåït fîã Sîmåîïå.
11I6 FocusEng îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

DåSñãiÜå àï occaSion when you Üîught à SpeciaI gift îã рãåSåït fÎã Sîmåîïå.
You Should Sàó:
what you üîught

Whåãå you Üîught it
why you chose that рãåsåït
and åõр|àiï hoW you få|t When you gaVe the рãåSåït to the îthåã рåãsîï.
À11 ãight? RåmåmÜåã you ñàï talk fîã îïå to two miïutåS. 1'11 tell you When the time is uр.
Could you Stàãt speaking ïîW, р1åàSå?
would you like to ãåñåivå à рãåså`ït like that óîuãsålf?

Do you like Üuóiïg рãåSåïts?
Yîu'vå Üååï talking àÜîut à time when you Üîught à special gift îã рãåsåït fîã Someone and
now I Want to discuss à few mîãå gåïåãà1 questionS connected to this.
FiãStló, låt'S talk àÜîut giving рãåsåïts.
when do рåîр1å give рãåSåïts in óîuã ñultuãå?
what kind of рãåSåïts do you think adults Should give to ñhildãåï?
Is it åVåã àññåрtàÜlå to give money as à рãåSåït?
NoW låt's tà1k àÜîut ãåñåiviïg рãåsåïts.

what àãå Some wayS рåîр1å ShoW gãàtitudå When they ãåñåivå à рãåSåït?
IS thåãå anything рåîр1å Should aVoid doing îã Saying when they ãåñåivå à рãåSåït in óîuã
ñîuïtãó?
Àãå thåãå àïó situationS whåãå à рåãSîï Should 72îf accept à gift?
Fiïàl1ó, låt'S talk àÜîut why рåîр1å give and ãåñåivå рãåsåïts.
Would you àgãåå îã disàgãåå with the statement that `рåîр1å sometimeS give expenSive
рãåsåïts inStead of Spending time with à рåãSîï'?
Do you àgãåå thàt, When рåîр1å give рãåSåïts, they uSually expect Something in ãåtuãï?
DoeS giving and ãåñåiviïg рãåSåïts SometimeS haVe negative ãàthåã than poSitive ãåSults?
Thank you våãó muñh. That is the end of the Speaking ÒåSt.
speaking 117
sрåàk]ïg Test Ç
When óîè 1,iståï to the ãåñîãdiïg, àËåã óîè håàã each queStion óîè should рãåss `рàèså' and
àïSwåã the question Üåfîãå going îï to the next quåstiîï.
CD Ç . Òãàñk 7
Íå11î. Could you tell me óîuã full ïàmå, р1åàSå?
And ñàï I see óîuã рàSSрîãt?
Thank óîu. Nîw, in the ¨ãSt рàãt of the tåst, I'm going to ask you Some queStionS àÜîut
óîuãsålf.
Låt'S talk àÜîut whåãå you livå.

what made you chooSe the р1àñå whåãå you live ïîW?
How 1îïg haVe you lived thåãå?
Would you say it's à good àãåà fîã familieS to 1ivå iï?
would it Üå à Üåttåã àãåà to live if thåãå wåãå fåwåã рåîр1å than ïîw?
Nåõt, låt's talk àÜîut how рåîр1å рàó fîã things they Üuó.
How do you рãåfåã to рàó fîã things that you Üuó, in caSh îã Üó ñàãd?
when you рàó caSh fîã Sîmåthiïg, do you uSually check the change that you àãå givåï?
What is the most common way of paying fîã things in óîuã ñîuïtãó?
when you go to àïîthåã ñîuïtãó, do you have рãîÜlåms using à diffåãåït ñuããåïñó?
NoW I'd like to talk àÜîut getting up åàã1ó in the mîmiïg.

Did you like to get up åàã1ó in the moming when you wåãå à ñhild?
what àãå Some advantageS of getting up åàã1ó?
Do you feel diffåãåït at the Üågiïïiïg of the day than at the end of the dàó?
what do you think is [hå Üåst time to get up in the mîãïiïg?

Now we come to the second рàãt of the Speaking ÒåSt. I'm going to give you à ñàãd àÜîut
à topic and I'd like you to talk àÜîut it fîã îïå to two miïutåS. Âåfîãå you Stàãt, you ñàï
haVe îïå minute to think àÜîut what you àãå going to sàó. If you want tî, you ñàï make
Some ïîtås. Do you uïdåãStàïd? Íåãå's some рàрåã and à pencil fîã making ïî[ås and håãå'S
óîuã tîрiñ.
I'd like you to dåSñãiÜå à wåÜSitå you have usåd.
11I8 FOcusEng îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

DåSñãiÜå à WåÜsitå you haVe usåd.
You should Sàó:
hoW you found that WåÜSitå
What that wåÜsitå is àÜîut

how often you acceSs it
and åõр|àiï hoW you fåå| àÜîut that wåÜsitå.
À11 ãight? RåmåmÜåã you ñàï talk fîã îïå to two miïutås. 1'11 tå1l you When the time is uр.
Could you Stàãt speaking ïîw, рlåàså?
Do you think that wåÜSitå could Üå imрãîvåd?

Do you use the Iïtåãïåt à lît?
Yîu'vå Üååï talking àÜîut à WåÜSitå you haVe used and noW I Want to discusS à feW mîãå
gåïåãà1 questions connected [î this.
FiãStló, låt'S talk àÜîut using the Iïtåãïåt.
what àãå some of the main ãåàSîïS рåîр1å uSe the Iïtåãïåt in óîuã ñîuïtãó?
Could you ñîmрàãå looking fîã iïfîãmàtiîï îï the Iïtåãïåt and in à Üîîk?
How do you think the Iïtåãïåt might change in the futuãå?
NoW låt's tà1k àÜîut ¨ïdiïg ãåliàÜlå iïfîãmàtiîï.

Do you think We ñàï gåïåãà11ó Üåliåvå what We see îï the Iïtåãïåt?
whåãå ñàï we ¨ïd the moSt ãåliàÜlå ãåрîãts: îï che Iïtåmåt, îï TV îã in à ïåwSрàрåã?
How is it рîSsiÜlå to check whåthåã iïfîãmàtiîï you ãåñåivå is ñîããåñt îã ïît?
Fiïàlló, låt'S talk àÜîut misuse of the Iïtåãïåt.

what àãå Some wayS рåîр1å use the Iïtåãïåt to tãiñk îã deceive îthåã рåîр1å?
what ñàï gîVåãïmåïts do to tãó to Stop Iïtåãïåt fãàud?
Do you think that misuse of the Iïtåãïåt will lead to 1åsS tãust Üåtwååï stãàïgåãS in the
futuãå?
Thank you våãó muñh. That is the end of the Speaking Òåst.
speakEng 1I19
speaking Test 4
When óîè listen to the ãåñîãdiïg, àËåã óîè håàã each question óîè should рãåSS `рàèså' and
àïswåã the question Üåfîãå going îï to the next quåséîï.
CD Ç . Òãàñk 8
Рàãt 1 IïÑãîduñtiîï and iïÑåãviåW
Íå11î. Could you tell me óîuã full ïàmå, рlåàså?
Thank óîu, thàt's ¨ïå. Nîw, in the ¨ãSt рàãt of the tåst, I'd like to ask you some queStionS
àÜîut óîuãSålf.
Låt's talk àÜîut óîuã jîÜ.

what do you dî?
when did you ¨ãSt stàãt doing that jîÜ?
Do you åï].îó óîuã wîãk?
what àãå the рåîр1å you Wîãk with likå?
NoW wå'll look at the topic of dàïñiïg.

Is dancing Våãó рîрulàã in óîuã ñîuïtãó?
Do you and óîuã fãiåïds рãåfåã to dàïñå, îã to Watch îthåã рåîр1å dàïñiïg?
Àãå thåãå Special timeS when рåîр1å like to dàïñå?
Do you åVåã go dàïñiïg?
Låt's noW go îï to the topic of ñîmрutåãS.

Do you often uSe à ñîmрutåã?
How àãå ñîmрutåãS moSt hålрful?
Have you åVåã had à рãîÜlåm with à ñîmрutåã?
Do you think it'll Üå рîSsiÜlå îïå day to have à ñîïVåãsàtiîï with à ñîmрutåã?
Рàãt 2 Individual 1îïg tuãï

Now we have the Second рàãt of the Speaking Òåst. I'm going to give you à ñàãd àÜîut à
topic and I'd like you to talk àÜîut it fîã îïå to two miïutåS. Âåfîãå you Stàãt, you ñàï have
îïå minute to think àÜîut what you àãå going to Sàó. If you want tî, you ñàï make some
ïîtås. Do you uïdåãStàïd? Íåãå'S some рàрåã and à pencil fîã making noteS and håãå's
óîuã tîрiñ.
I'd like you to dåSñãiÜå something iïtåãåStiïg that you àãå going to do in óîuã fãåå timå.
12Î FOcusEng îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

DåSñãiÜå something iïtåãåstiïg that you àãå going to do in óîuã fãåå timå.
You Should Sàó:
what it is
when óîu'ãå going to do it

why it will Üå iïtåãåStiïg
and åõр|àiï hoW you fåå| àÜîut doing it.
À11 ãight? RåmåmÜåã you ñàï talk fîã îïå to [wî miïutåS. 1'11 tål1 you when the time is uр.
Could you Stàãt Speaking ïîw, рlåàSå?
Have you åVåã done anything like this Üåfîãå?

Could anything рãåvåït you fãîm doing it?
Yîu'Vå Üååï talking àÜîut something iïtåãåStiïg you àãå going to do and noW I want to
discuSs à feW mîãå gåïåãà1 queStionS connected to this.
FiãStló, låt's look at making рlàïS.
what àãå Some things in life that рåîр1å need to р1àï fîã ñàãåfulló?
Àãå thåãå àïó imрîãtàït things that рåîр1å cannot рãåрàãå fîã?
why do you think Some рåîр1å dîï't like making рlàïS?
NoW låt'S talk àÜîut hîрås.

1ï óîuã ñîuïtãó, what àãå Some things that many рåîр1å hope to achieVe in lifå?
Could you ñîmрàãå these with the hopeS and àmÜitiîïS рåîр1å had when óîuã рàãåïts wåãå
óîuïg?
why do рåîр1å need to have hopeS and dãåàms?
Fiïàl1ó, låt's talk àÜîut attitudes to the futuãå.

Could you ñîmрàãå рåîр1å Who àãå optimistic and рåîр1å who àãå peSsimistic àÜîut the
futuãå?
HoW doeS à рåãsîï'S attitude to the futuãå affect thåiã lifå?
Do you think that рåîр1å Should Üå optimistic àÜîut the futuãå of the Wîãld theSe dàóS?
Thank you våãó muñh. That is the end of the Speaking ÒåSt.
speaking 121
speaking Test 5
When óîè listen to the ãåñîãdiïg, àËåã óîè håàã each quåséîï óîè should рãåss `рàèså' and
àïswåã the question Üåfîãå going îï to the next qèåstiîï.
CD Ç . Òãàñk 9
Рàãt 1 Iïtãîduñtiîï and iïtåãviåw
Good àftåãïîîï. Could you tell me óîuã full ïàmå, рlåàSå?
And ñàï I See óîuã рàssрîãt?
Thank óîu. Nîw, in the ¨ãSt рàãt of the tåSt, I'd like to aSk you Some questionS àÜîut
óîuãSålf.
Låt'S talk àÜîut whåãå you livå.

Could you dåSñãiÜå the àãåà whåãå you live ïîW?
How 1îïg haVe you lived thåãå?
why did you chooSe to live in that àãåà?
what kind of рåîр1å 1ivå in óîuã àãåà?
NoW wå'll talk àÜîut Slååр.

How many hîuãS à night do you think рåîр1å need to Slååр?
what do you do if you feel sleepy Üut you haVe to Stay àwàkå?
1ï óîuã ñîuïtãó, do рåîр1å often have à sleep duãiïg the dàótimå?
How do you feel when you àãå woken Üó àï àlàãm ñlîñk?
Now låt's talk àÜîut watching tålåvisiîï.

what kinds of TV рãîgãàms do you likå?
what time of day do you рãåfåã to watch ÒV?
Have you åvåã lived in à home whåãå thåãå WaS ïî tålåVisiîï?
Do you think рåîр1å watch too much TV theSe dàóS?

Now we come to the Second рàãt of the Speaking Òåst. I'm going to give you à ñàãd àÜîut
à topic and I'd like you to talk àÜîut it fîã îïå to two miïutås. Âåfîãå you Stàãt, you ñàï
have îïå minute to think àÜîut What you àãå going to sàó. If you Want tî, you ñàï make
some ïîtåS. Do you uïdåãStàïd? Íåãå'S Some рàрåã and à pencil fîã making notes and håãå'S
óîuã tîрiñ.
I'd like you to dåSñãiÜå à ßlm you haVe Seen that made àï imрãåssiîï îï óîu.
1I22 FÎñusiïg Îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

DåSñãiÜå à film you have seen that made àï imрãåssiîï îï óîu.
You should sàó:
What it waS àüîut
how рîрulàã it was
what you thought àÜîut the àñtîãs
and åõр|àiï Why it made àï imрãåssiîï îï óîu.
À11 ãight? RåmåmÜåã you ñàï talk fîã îïå to two miïutås.1'11 tål1 you when the time is uр.
Could you Stàãt speaking ïîW, рlåàså?
when did you laSt See that ¨lm?

Do you often watch ¨lms?
Yîu'vå Üååï talking àÜîut à ¨lm you have seen that made àï imрãåSsiîï îï you and now I
want to discuSS à few mîãå gåïåãà1 questionS ñîïïåñ[åd to this.
Fiãs[ló, låt'S look at the imрîãtàïñå of åïtåãtàiïmåït.
What kinds of åïtåãtàiïmåït àãå рîрulàã in óîuã ñîuïtãó?
Could you ñîmрàãå typeS of åïtåãtàiïmåït ñhildãåï like and adults likå?
why is åïtåãtàiïmåït imрîãtàït in рåîрlå's livås?
Now låt's talk àÜîut famouS àñtîãS.

why do you think рåîр1å àãå iïtåãåStåd in the рãivàtå liveS of famouS àñtîãS?
1ï óîuã îрiïiîï, is the amount of money åàãïåd Üó ¨lm StàãS justi¨åd?
what would it Üå 1ikå to Üå à famouS àñtîã?
Fiïàlló, låt'S talk àÜîut g1îÜà1 ñultuãå.

How much influence doeS Àmåãiñàï ñultuãå haVe in óîuã ñîuïtãó?
what àãå Hollywood ¨lms like in ñîmрàãisîï with ¨lms рãîduñåd in óîuã ñîuïtãó?
HoW ñàï à ñîuïtãó aVoid Üåiïg dominated Üó à fîãåigï ñultuãå?
Thank you Våãó muñh. That is the end of the Speaking ÒåSt.
speaking 1I23
sрåàk]ïg Test 6
When óîè listen to the ãåñîãdiïg, àftåã óîè håàã each question óîè shîèl,d рãåss `рàèså' and
àïswåã the question Üåfîãå going îï to the next qèåstiîï.
CD Ç . Òãàñk 1Î
Íå11î. Could you tå1l me óîuã full ïàmå, рlåàSå?
Thank óîu. Nîw, in the ¨ãSt рàãt of the tåSt, I'd like to aSk you some queStionS àÜîut
óîuãsålf.
Låt's tà1k àÜîut whåãå you come fãîm.

which ñîuïtãó do you come fãîm?
whàt's the Üåst time of óåàã to Visit óîuã ñîuïtãó?
Àãå many diffåãåït 1àïguàgåS spoken in óîuã ñîuïtãó?
Àãå thåãå àïó àãåàs in óîuã ñîuïtãó whåãå Våãó few рåîр1å livå?
Nîw, låt'S move îï to talk àÜîut light.

Do you рãåfåã Üuildiïgs With à lot of light îã ones With à mîãå Shaded Stólå?
How do you feel wîãkiïg îã Studying in à ãîîm Without wiïdîwS?
Do you think Våãó Üãight àdvåãtisiïg SignS at night àãå à good idåà?
Could you 1ivå without ålåñtãiñ lights at hîmå?
Låt's go îï to talk àÜîut visiting рåîр1å.

Do рåîр1å often Visit fãiåïds in thåiã homeS in óîuã ñîuïtãó?
At what timeS îã îï what days do рåîр1å uSually visit fãiåïds?
Should you tell рåîр1å you àãå coming Üåfîãå Visiting them àÑ hîmå?
Do рåîр1å åvåã take рãåSåïts when Visiting fãiåïds in óîuã ñîuïtãó?

NoW We come to the Second рàãt of the Speaking ÒåSt. I'm going to give you à ñàãd àÜîut
à topic and I'd like you to talk àÜîut i[ fîã îïå to two miïutåS. Âåfîãå you Stàãt, you ñàï
haVe îïå minute to think àÜîut What you àãå going to Sàó. If you want tî, you ñàï make
some ïîtås. Do you uïdåãstàïd? Íåãå'S Some рàрåã and à pencil fîã making notes and håãå'S
óîuã tîрiñ.
I'd like you to dåSñãiÜå à ãivåã, lake îã Üåàñh that you kïîw.
1I24 Focusing Îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

DåsñãiÜå à ãivåã, Iake îã Üåàñh that you kïîw.
You should sàó:
Whåãå it is
what it looks Iike

what people uSe it fîã
and åõр|àiï Whåthåã you Iike it îã ïît.
À11 ãight. RåmåmÜåã you ñàï talk fîã îïå to two miïutås. 1'11 tell you When the time is uр.
Could you stàãt speaking ïîW, рlåàså?
Do you often go Ñî that р1àñå?

Is it à рîрulàã р1àñå fîã låisuãå àñtivitiåS?
À11 ãight' thank óîu.
Yîu'vå Üååï talking àÜîut à ãivåã, lake îã Üåàñh that you knoW and now I want to ask you à
few mîãå gåïåãà1 queStions connected to this.
Fiãstló, låt's look at holidays ïåàã wàtåã.
Could you tell me àÜîut some places ïåàã wàtåã Whåãå рåîр1å like to take holidays in óîuã
ñîuïtãó?
what àãå some activities рåîр1å ñàï do when they have à holiday ïåàã wàtåã?
why do you think рåîр1å often ¨ïd it ãålàõiïg to Üå ïåàã wàtåã?
Now Wå'll talk àÜîuñ tãàïsрîãt îï wàtåã.

How imрîãtàït is wàtåã tãàïsрîãtàtiîï these dàós?
Could you ñîmрàãå tãàvålliïg Îï wàtåã and tãàvål Üó ãîàd?
1ï the futuãå, how imрîãtàït do you think tãàvål Üó Wàtåã will Üå?
And hïàlló, låt's ñîïsidåã wàtåã рîllutiîï.

Whàñ àãå some of the causes of wàtåã рîllutiîï?
what ñàï govemments do to рãåvåït wàtåã Üåiïg рîllutåd?
what Would happen if thåãå Wåãå à g1îÜà1 shîãtàgå of ñ1åàï Wàtåã?
Thank you våãó muñh. That is the end of the Speaking Òåst.
sр®àkiï9 125
vk.com/vayshengolts
Skype: vayshengolts
+380674872766
1ï theSe listening tãàïsñãiрts, the wîãds that Dàï: All ãight thåï. FiãSt, could you tell me
àãå uïdåãliïåd indicate Whåãå the àïSwåãS óîuã phone ïumÜåã?
to the queStionS ñàï Üå fîuïd. Рåïïó: Yås, it's 5062 7840.
Listening Test 1 The ñèstîrïåã says the ïøòÜåã is 5062 784Î,

so `5062 7840' has Üååï wãittåï nexi to the
You will håàã fîèã di#åãåït ãåñîãdiïgs and åõàòр1å îï the question рàрåã:. Now ñîïtiãøå
óîè will hawe to àïswåã questions îï what with questions 1 to 5.
óîè håàr.
Dàï: Thank óîu. And is the account in óîuã
Òhåãå will Üå time fîã óîè to ãåàd the ïàmå?
iïstãèñtiîïs and questions Üåfîãå the
рå-ó: Uh'óås' itis.
ãåñîãdiïg is рlàóåd.
Dàï: Could you spell óîuã full ïàmå, рlåàså?
You will also have the îррîãtøïitó to check
Рåïïó: It'S Pennv Rvàï, thàt's Р{-ï-ï-ó...
óîèã àïswåãs. R-ó-à-ï.
The ãåñîãdiïgs will Üå played ONCE îï1ó.
Dàï: Thank óîu. Nîw, I just need to ask you
The test is in fîèã såñtiîïs. Wãitå óîèã à question fîã såñuãitó рuãрîsås. I hope
àïswåãs îï the question sheet as óîè liståï. you dîï't miïd, Üut could you tell me
At the end of section 4, óîè have ten minutes óîuã dàñå of Üiãth, Ms Róàï?
to tãàïsôåã óîèã àïswåãs onto the àïswåã Рåïïó: Nî, I dîï't miïd. It's the 24th of
shååt, which is îï page 31. when óîè Ëïish, Ìàãñh 1982.
check the àïswåãs at the Üàñk of the Üîîk.
Dàï: Right. And do you know yet the date
Now tuãï to Section 1. îï which óîu'll Üå mîviïg?
section 1 Рåïïó: Yås, it's next Òuåsdàó, the 16Ñh of
SåрtåmüåL
You w{ll håàã à telephone ñîïwåãsàіiîï
Üåtwååï à woman who will soon move house Dàï: Thank óîu. NîW, màdàm, ñàï you tell
and àï åòр1îóåå of à telephone ñîòрàïó. me whåãå óîu'll Üå moving tî?
Fiãst, óîè have some time to look at questions Рåïïó: Ìó new àddãåss will Üå 18 Êiïg
1 to 5. Stãååt, ÂlàñktîWï.
Dàï: Uh-huh. I ñàï allocate you à new
Now listen and àïswåã questions 1 to 5.
telephone ïumÜåã noW if you likå, though
Dàï: Atlantic Telephone Ñîmрàïó, my name it Wîï't Üå îрåãàtiîïàl till you actually
is Dàï. How ñàï I help óîu? have it ñîmåñtåd.
Рåïïó: Îh, hållî, I'm calling Üåñàuså óîu'ãå Рåïïó: Òhàt'd Üå ãåàlló uSeful -I could tell
my Celephone såãviñå рãîvidåã and I'm my fãiåïds the new ïumÜåã even Üåfîãå I
going to Üå moving houSe next Wååk. I mîvå.
need to have my phone disconnected and
Dàï: Do you have à рåï and рàрåã hàïdó?
then I want to have it connected at the
neW àddãåss.
рå-ó: Yås.
Dàï: ÎÊ, óîuã new ïumÜåã Will Üå
Dàï: W¸ ñàï do that fîã you now îvåã the
7690 3275.
рhÎïå, if you likå.
рå-ó: Gãåàt.
Рåïïó: Îh, thàt'd Üå gîîd.
128 Òãàïsñãiрts
Dàï: Now, up until now óîu'vå Üååï Рåïïó: Îh, I just have à question àÜîutthñ
ãåñåiviïg óîuã telephone Üills îïñå à Iïtåãïåt.
mÎïth. As à lîïg-stàïdiïg ñustîmåã; you Dàï: Yås, what do you want to kïîW?
have the option of Üåiïg Üillåd îï1ó îïñå Рåïïó: Òhåãå àãå ñåãtàiï timeS When I ñàï .
åvåãó thãåå months if you likå. make unlimited dîWïlîàds, like if I waht
Рåïïó: Îh, Ãll stick with monthly Üil±s, it to doWnload à mîviå. Òhàt's fãîm 10 pm
just makes it åàsiåã fîã me to Stay within to 6 àm' isï't it?
my houSehold üudgåt. Dàï: It's à Üiñ mîãå ãåStãiñtåd than thàt, it's
Dàï: À,l ãight thåï. fãîm 1 am to 6 àm. It tuãïs out that Che
Âåfîãå óîè håàã the ãåst of the ñî"åãsàtiîï, peak рåãiîd of accessing 1àãgå hles is fãîm
11 at night to 2 in the mîãïiïg.
óîè have some time to look at questions 6 to
Jî. Рåïïó: Îh, thàt's iïtåãåstiïg, thåãå must Üå à
lot of night îwls.
Now listen and àïswåã questions 6 to 1Î.
Dàï: I suppose so. NîW, do you mind ifl
Dàï: Nîw, Ms Róàï, could you tell me -àsk you whàt's the main type of phone
Which type of ñîïtãàñt you àãå îï with
ñà11 you màkå? Àïó iïfîãmàñiîï you
Atlantic Telephone Ñîmрàïó? IS it Home
Рlus, Economy SàVåã îã FlåõiÜlå Âuïdlå? give me will Üå kept ñîïÍdåïtiàl, it's just
iïfîãmàtiîï that helpS us рãîVidå à Üåttåã
Рåïïó: Îh, let me thiïk. I think l used to Üå Såãviñå to îuã ñustîmåãs.
îï Home Рlus, Üut then I goc à mîÜilå
Рåïïó: Àlãight thåï, Üut what do you mean
phone and I wàsï't using my landline that
Üó `tóрå of phone ñà11'?
much àïómÎãå, So I Switched рlàïS. Òhàt'S
ãight, I switched to Economv Sàvåã àÜîut Dàï: would you say the màjîãitó of óîuã
à óåàã àgî. calls àãå to fãiåïds and ãålàtivås, îã àãå
they wîãk-ãålàtåd, îã fîã paying Üills and
Dàï: Right, thank óîu. NîW, I'd like to
so îï?
tell you àÜîut à new type of ñîïtãàñt we
hàvå. It'S ñàl1åd the Òhãåå-Iï-Îïå. If you Рåïïó: wåll, I stàãtåd to wîãk fãîm home
have óîuã làïdliïå, óîuã mîÜilå and the last óåàã, so most of them wåãå Wîãk-
Intemet connection with uS, you get à ãålàtåd, Üut then I didï't make enough
20Î/î discount åvåãó time you рàó the Üill. money fãîm that line of wîãk, so I got à
Рåïïó: Îh, Üut with my mîÜilå I'm using à рàãt-timå jîÜ and now I mainly use the
våãó cheap рãîvidåі; Üut thåó'ãå not that phOne to ñà11 ±ålàtivås_. I tend to keep in
contact with fãiåïds Üó åmàil.
ãåliàÜlå. If I do switch ñîïtãàñts, Will I Üå
locked in fîã à ñåãtàiï time рåãiîd? Dàï: ÎÊ, thank óîu. NoW just îïå mîãå
Dàï: wåll, thàt'S the case with Home Рlus, question then Wå'll Üå ¨ïishåd. 1ï che
Üut With this îïå óîu'ãå fãåå to change óåàãS that óîu'vå Üååï With Atlantic
Telephone Ñîmрàïó, how would you ãàtå
again at àïó time without рåïàltó.
îuã Såãviñå îvåãàll?
Рåmó: Îh, in that case I'll switch fãîm
Рåïïó: wåll, initially thåãå wåãå à few
Economy Sàvåã to Òhãåå-Iï-Î_ï¨.
рãîÜlåms, and it wàsï'ñ ãåà11ó sàtisfàñtîãó,
Dàï: Gîîd. I'm suãå óîu'll hd you make Üut in gåïåãà1 I'd say things have Üååï
ãåà1 Savings with thàt.
ù?stló sàtisfàñtîã_y. Ìó рãåviîuS såãviñå
Òãàï®ñãiрt$ 1z9
рãîvidåã Was våãó gîîd, Üut they went ãiså at 6 î'ñlîñk, Üut wå'ãå not oDen till Seven
üàïkãuрt. in the mîãïiïg and wå'ãå håãå until six in the
Dàï: All ãight thåï, that wãàрS it uр. Thank åvåïiïg. Yîu'll also ¨ïd à ãàïgå of ÜãîñhuãåS
àÜîut activitieS and àttãàñtiîïs in the distãiñt.
you våãó much and I hOpe óîuã move goes
Smîîthló. Í you need to concact hotel staff aftef h-îuãS,
рå-ó: òhàïk óîu. you ñàï just ñà11 7946 fãîm the phone in óîuã
ãîîm. The ñlåàïåãS come in to vacuum the
That is the end of Section 1. You rюw have ãîîms and ñ1åàï the Üàthãîîms åvåãó second
half à òiãøtå to check óîèã àïswåãs. dàó, and the Üåd Sheets and toWels àãå changed
Now tèãï to Section 2. twice à wååk. îï Tuesdavs and FãidàvS.
Smoking is not alloWed inSide the Üuildiïg
section 2 and Wå'd also ask you to ãåfãàiï fãîm Smoking
À gюøр of рåîр1å has just àããivåd at thåiã when óîu'ãå ïåàã the Swimming рîî1 àãåà.
hotel fîã à twî-wååk hîlidàó. The hotel If you do need to have à ñigàãåttå, you ñàï
òàïàgåã is talking to them àÜîèt some hotel go outJ onto vîuã Üàlñîïv, Whåãå óîu'll also
facilities and ãèlås. Fiãst, óîè have some time ¨ïd àï àshtãàó. When óîu'ãå sitting out îï
to look at questions 11 to 17.
óîuã Üà1ñîïó, you might get à visit fãîm Some
Now listen and àïswåã questions 11 to 17. of the 1îñà1 Üi±ds. Òhåó'ãå våãó ñîlîuãful
and ffiåïdló, Üut wå'd aSk you to ãåSist the
wålñîmå, åvåãóîïå, it'S nice to See à11 of you
temptation to give them something to eat
håãå. I'd like to tell you à Üit àÜîut the hîtå1,
ÜåñàuSå they ñàï quickly Üåñîmå dependent
including à feW `dîs' and `dîï'ts'. I know
îï hàïdîuts. Òhåãå'S à pond in the gàãdåï
óîu'vå just had à 1îïg tãiр, so 1'11 keep it Üãiåf
at the Üàñk of the hotel and wå'd àррãåñiàtå
so that you ñàï go to óîuã ãîîms and put
it if you didï't feed the ¨sh - they ñàï get
óîuã feec uр.
quite ill unlesS thåó'ãå given the ãight kind
W¸ want you to ãå1àõ and enjoy the
of fÜîd. ]ust îïå point îï noise - thåãå'S à
casual àtmosрhåãå of this р1àñå - you 4rå îï
gåïåãà1 house ãulå to keep noise to à minimum
hîlidàós, àftåã à11 - Üut I'd aSk you not to
àftåã 11 at ïight. It'S ¨ïå to enjoy music and
walk àãîuïd in Üàãå fååt, it's just that it's so
lively ñîïvåãSàtiîï, Üut it's imрîãtàït to Üå
easy to Üãiïg sand into the Üuildiïg when you
ñîïsidåãàtå and ãåsрåñt åvåãóîïå's ãight to
come Üàñk fãîm the Üåàñh, so wå'd àррãåñiàtå
have à good slååр.
it if you could at least Wåàã ShoeS while îï
the Dãåmisås. Îh, and if you want to hiãå You now have some time to look at questions
18 to 20.
Some åquiрmåït, óîu'll ßïd à good ãàïgå of
gåàã Such as Üåàñh umÜãållàs, suãfÜîàãds and Now listen and àïswåã questions 18 to 2Î.
sïîãkålliïg equipment down at the Üåàñh cafe I didï'ñ mean to take up So much of óîuã timå,
fîã quite ãåàsîïàÜlå ãàtåS. W¸ used to hiãå Üut I'vå just ãåmåmÜåãåd that I need to tell you
out such things fãîm ãåñåрtiîï, Üut that Was à few things àÜîut the disposal of gàãÜàgå.
discontinued lasc year W¸ do like to do things in àï åïviãîïmåïtàlló
If you do need to speak to someone at fãiåïdló màïïåã àãîuïd håãå, and so We
ãåñåрtiîï, thåãå àãå scaff îï duty thåãå seven ãåñóñ1å gàãÜàgå whåãå рîssiÜlå. Òhåãå àãå
dayS à Wååk, usually åithåã mósålf, Ìàuãååï såрàãàtå ÜiïS fîã glaSS and metal Üut we dîï't
îã Âãuñå. The åàã1ó ãisåãs among you might yet have à facility in this àãåà fîã the ãåñóñliïg
like to go down to the Üåàñh to See the Sun
1 ÇÎ Òãàïsñãiрts
of р±às±iˆ, So that Should just go in With óîuã some time to look at questions 21 to 26.
gåïåãà1 uïãåñóñlàÜlå waSte à1îïg with fQQd_
så±àрs. The gàãdåïåã Wishes he could uSe them
to make compoSt fîã the gàãdåï, Üut thàt'S à Òutîã: Nîw, you spent last week doing
little imрãàñtiñàl at рãåSåït. It'd Üå good if you рãàñtiñàl tãàiïiïg with the home ïuãsihg
could leave óîuã old ïåWSрàрåãS at ãåñåрtiîï såãviñå dealing with åldåãló рàtiåïts. HoW
- the 1îñà1 school is involved in à ãåñóñliïg did it gî?
рãîjåñt and they send someone to the hotel to Studåït: Îh, it waS рãåttó gîîd. I måàï, I
pick them uр. leamt à lot Since I hàdï't had much to do
If it'S ãàiïiïg and you dîï't feel like going With îldåã patients Üåfîãå.
îut, thåãå àãå plenty of WayS to paSs the time Òutîã: wåll, With îuã ageing рîрulàtiîï,
in the hîtål. Òhåãå'S à gym îï the second Ïîîã ñàãå of the åldåãló is à màjîã focus of the
if you wanc to gå[ some åõåãñiså and à couple håàlthñàãå sóStåm, and quite à ãàïgå of
of Üilliàãd tàÜlås in à ãîîm next to the góm. håàlthñàãå рãîfåssiîïàls àãå called uрîï.
Fîã ãålàõàtiîï, thåãå'S à ñîiï-îрåãàtåd S_Dà, Studåït: Yås, I was SuãРfis`¸d in à few ñàSåS.
which is also located îï the second äîîL If Fîã iïStàïñå, We know that рãåVåïtiïg
óîu'd like to Watch à mîviå, you ñàï ÜîããîW falls is våãó imрîãtàït. Òhåãå'S à såрàãàtå
à DVD fãîm ãåñåрtiîï and Watch it in óîuã falls ñliïiñ, Üut if à patient àррåàãS to Üå
ãîîm. Àlsî, if óîu'vå Üãîught óîuã laptop unSteadv Îï thåiã fååt, whåthåã thåó'ãå
With óîu, you ñàï connect to the Intemet in walking unaided îã using à walking stick
óîuã ãîîm fîã à small f¸å. îã à fãàmå, the ïuãså haS to get in touch
À11 theSe ãulåS àãå deSigned to åïsuãå you With à Dhvsiî,håãàDist.
have à pleaSant Stay håãå. If àïó of you has Òutîã: Òh-àt's ãight. ;å always need to Üå
the åïåãgó to go out tîïight, óîu'll ß,ïd thåãå's îï the lookout fîã Signs of dåtåãiîãàtiïg
plenty to dî. ]ust àãîuïd the ñîmåã thåãå'S à håàlth. If you notice that à patient
ïightñlò±Ü if you feel like some dàïñiïg, Üut is Üåñîmiïg disîãiåïtåd, it could Üå
if you Want to have à feW dãiïks Without the caused Üó tiãådïåSS îã the Side effects of
musiñ, thåãå's à Üàã in the ñåïtãå of tîwï, Üut mådiñàtiîï. So What you have to do is
óîu'll need to take à taxi to get thåãå. Òhåãå'S contact thåiã dQ!±Qü who Will then asseSs
also à cinema and even à caSino doWn thåãå. What the cauSe could Üå.
If you like to Siïg, óîu'll ¨ïd à kàãàîkå ñluÜ
Smdåït: Yåàh. Sometimes it's hàãd to Wîãk
ãight àñãîSS the ãîàd fãîm the hîtål. Àïówàó,
out exactly whàt'S Wãîïg. Òhåãå was îïå
I hope you à11 have à våãó happy stay with uS.
patient who Üumрåd into fuãïituãå à few
That is the end of Section 2. You now have times in håã own living ãîîm While We
half à minute to check óîèã àïswåãs. wåãå thåãå.
Now tèãï to Section 3. Òutîã: wåll, aS you kïîw, îuã vision ñàï
dåtåãiîãàtå_ With àgå, and in the case of
sectiOn ç åldåãló рàtiåïts, We need to ãåfåã chem
You will håàã à discussion Üåtwååï à ïuãsiïg to àï occupational thåãàрist if thåó'ãå
student and à tètîã àËåã the student has done åõрåãiåïñiïg рãîÜlåms due to visuà1
some рãàñtiñàl tãàiïiïg at à home røãsiïg imрàiãmåït. If ïåñåsSàãó, it'S up to that
såãviñå fîã îldåã рàtiåïts. Fiãst, óîè will have Specialist to ãåfåã them to àï îрtomåtãist.
Òãàïsñãiрts 131
Studåït: I såå. what àÜîu[ the patients who sрãåàd diseaSe and also dogs and cats ñàï
dîï't Want îuã hålр? I måàï, thåó'ãå tãiр up thåiã îWïåãS. W¸ uSed to let the
fãåå to live thåiã liveS as they Want and occupational thåãàрist handle that issuå,
We ñàï't fîãñå them to See à dîñtîã îã Üut now if We have ñîïñåãïS, We give the
sîmåîïå, falls clinic à ñà11 fîã à home àSSå`;Småït.
ÒutÎã: YåS, it'S not unuSual fîã îuã patiencs Studåït: Oh ãight, I'll just make à note àÜîut
to decline àssistàïñå, especially the thàt.
måï. It'S often à màttåã of рãidå îã àï Âåfîãå óîè håàã the ãåst of the ñî"åãsàtiîï,
îvåãåStimàtiîï of thåiã own ñàрàÜilitiåS.
óîè have some ti:òå to look at questions 27
But when ñhåãå àãå potentially såãiîuS to 30.
issues that could have à lîïg-tåãm impact
Now listen and àïswåã qèåstiîïãs 27 to 30.
îï thåiã health and Sàfåtó, we get the àggd_
ñàãå team to рàó them à visit. SometimeS Studåït: Some of the patients we Visited
they just end up having à fãiåïdló ñhàt, last week had dåmåïtià, So I'd just like
Üut at leaSt thåó'ãå iïfîãmåd àÜîut whac ñî ñlàãifó à few things àÜîut that if you
såãviñåS àãå àvàilàÜ1å. dîï't miïd.
Studåït: So they рãîvidå à Üit of Òu.Îã: Nî, thàt's ¨ïå. With iïñãåàSiïg life
expectancy Wå'ãå going to Üå seeing mîãå
psychological hålр, like à dîñtîã often
dîås. What àÜîut when à patient àррåàãs and mÎãå of it.
to Üå Üåñîmiïg iïñãåàSiïgló fÅài±? I måàï, Studåït: I know that dementia ñàï Üå caused
thåãå could Üå à whole ïumÜåã of causeS Üó genetic îã åïviãîïmåïtàl fàñtîãS, such
like the time of day îã just simply old àgå. aS îvåã-iïdulgiïg in alcohol îvåã à 1îïg
Òutîã: You need to ãåmåmÜåã that рåãiîd of timå, Üut it seems that it ñàï Üå
sometimeS åldåãló patients ñàï't go difHcult to diagnose dementia Üåñàuså its
shopping ãågulàãló, îã hey ñàï't àffîãd Symptoms ñàï îññuã With vàãiîus îthåã
much ïutãitiîuS fîîd. Because it ñàï Üå à ñîïditiîïs.
miõtuãå of ãåàsÎïs ñhàt might need to Üå Òutîã: Òhàt'S ãight. Some of thåm, Such as
àddãåssåd Üó thåiã dîñtîã îã the aged ñàãå Рiñk'S disåàSå, ñàï't Üå îvåãñîmå, Whåãåàs
tåàm, we ßãst contact à dietician ÜåñàuSå îthåãS, Such aS Üãàiï tumîuãs. ñàï.
we ¨ïd that almost åvåãóîïå ñàï Üåïåßñ Studåït: Îïå of the patients we Saw
fãîm àï åõрåãt ãåviåW of the types of food àррåàãåd to Üå våãó àïõiîus. I thought
thåó'ãå åàtiïg. that might'vå Üååï à Side effect of the
Studåï.: what àÜîuñ the patients who have medication She was îï, Üut the ïuãså
рåts? I måàï, I'vå Üååï into some рåîрlå's I was tãàiïiïg with told me it was à
homes and they Seem to Üå à kind of fãåquåïtló îññuããiïg sóïdãîmå of рåîр1å
health hàzàãd, especially the oneS with à with dåmåïtià. Òhåó'ãå u_DSåt at not Üåiïg
lot of ñàts, îã Üiãds in ñàgåS. àÜ1å to do Some of the things thev could
ÒutÎã: wåll, рg±s do à lot ofgood fîã in the DaSt and often dîï't tãust thoSe
humans - they рãîvidå ñîmрàïó, thåó'ãå àãîuïd thåm.
à ãåàsîï to get some åõåãñiså, рàãtiñulàãló Òu.îã: And many healthy people get anxiouS
dîgs, and gåïåãà11ó they do mîãå good àÜîut the futuãå, Whåthåã it's àÜîut things
than hàm. But óîu'ãå ãight, they ñàï going îï in thåiã own lives îã Whàt's
132 ÒюïçñI.Åрt$
happening in the widåã Wîãld. It's good îï the size of the Òuàãåg population tîdàó,
though - îïå of lifå's рlåàsuãås that рåîр1å with most eStimateS ãàïgiïg Üåtwååï 750,000
With dementia continue to åï].îó is fîîd. and 1.3 million рåîр1å. The main ãåàsîï fÎã
Gåïåãàl.ló we ¨ïd thåó'ãå keen îï cakes chis uïñåãtàiïtó is thåiã nomadic lifåstólå;
and dåssåãts, So you have to make suãå it's alwayS difhcult to conduct à census
they have à Üàlàïñåd diet îvåãàll. Åldåãló among рåîр1å who do ïî[ live in рåãmàïåït
рåîр1å With dåïtuãåS may avoid chewy Såttlåmåïts. The Sàhàãà is knoWn àãîuïd the
fîîd, and thåiã taste ãåñåрtîãs fÎã salt ñàï wîãld as à våãó àãid ãågiîï, and the àÜilitó of
Üåñîmå dimiïishåd, which is à ïîãmàl these рåîр1å to suãvivå in Such àï iïhîsрitàÜlå
рàãt of àgåiïg. åïviãîïmåït is àmàziïg. The Òuàãåg have
sometimes Üååï ãåfåããåd to as `thå Üluå рåîр1å'
Studåït: we had some låñtuãås laSt month
àÜîut ãåsåàãñh done îï thåãàрiås to ÜåñàuSå the iùdigî dye that is used to ñîlîuã
enhance the wåll-Üåiïg of à11 kinds of age ±±åiã clothing often comes off îï thåiã Skiï,
giving it à Ü1uå ñîlîuãiïg. Òhåiã staple diet
gãîuрs. Fîã åõàmрlå, they told uS that
conSists of millåt, à gãàiï that they uSe to
ñhildãåï ãåñîVåãiïg fãîm suãgåãó ãåà11ó
make рîããidgå, as wå1l aS ãiñå, wheat and
like to Sing if thåó'vå got the åïåãgó,
îthåã gãàiïs. 1ï the dãó season thåiã staple
рåîр1å with. dementia usually åõрåãiåïñå.à
foods àãå gãàiï and dàtåS, whåãåàs in the
!jft in thåiã mood while listening to musiñ,
and рåîр1å with dåрãåssiîï ïåàã1ó always ñîî1åü wet season they have mîãå milk àïd_
Üåïå¨t fãîm doing ãågulàã åõåãñiså. äø.
These days moSt Òuàãåg living in ãuãàl
Òutîã: Yås, it's Våãó ãåwàãdiïg ñî see patients
àãåàS рuãsuå à ãàïgå of àñtivitiås. These
ãåsрîïdiïg to måàSuãås like those and it
helpS us vieW thåiã health fãîm à Üãîàdåã
include the håãdiïg and Üãåådiïg of livåstîñk,
ñàããóiïg out gàãdåïiïˆ in the îàsås, and of
рåãsрåñtivå.
ñîuãSå ±!:àd¨, which they have conducted
That is the end of Section 3 . You now have
fîã millåïïià. Fîã mîãå than 2,000 óåàãs
half à òirøtå to check óîèã àïswåãs.
they have îрåãàtåd camel ñàãàvàïS - these
Now tèãï to Section 4. àãå gãîuрs of camels that ñàããó goods îvåã
1îïg distàïñåS, tãàdiïg рãîduñts Üåtwååï
section 4 the Sahel ãågiîï south of the Sàhàãà up to
You will håàã à låñtuãå to àïthãîрîlîgó the Ìåditåããàïåàï Sea îï the coast of ïîãth
students àÜîèt àï ethnic gюøр called the Àfãiñà. The camel ñàãàvàïs, Sometimes
Òuàãåg. Ìàïó of these рåîр1å live in the conSisting of mîãå than 20,000 ñàmåls,
Sàhàãà dåsåãt in Àfãiñà. Fiãst, óîè hawe sîããю dominated tãàïs-Sàhàãàï tãàdå until the
time to look at questions 31 to 40. middle of the 20th ñåïtuãó. À stãîïg camel
Now listen and àïswåã questions 31 to 40. ñàï ñàããó up to à total of 300 kilîgãàms of
gîîds, excluding the ãidåã. These ñàãàvàïs
GOod àftåmîîï, åvåãóîïå. 1ï [îdàó'S låñtuãå
often ñãîsS the Sàhàãà to the Sahel ãågiîï to
1'11 Üå outlining some of the main economic
the sîuñh. At 6ãst the _Dàñå is slow to àllîW_
activities of the Òuàãåg. The Òuàãåg àãå àï
the camels to fååd, Üut aS they åïtåã the
ethnic gãîuр who live in ïîãth and weSt
Üàããåï dåsåãt whåãå thåãå is nothing to åàt,
Àfãiñà, mostly in the Sàhàãà dåsåãt and
they Walk fãîm mîãïiïg to ïight, typically
suããîuïdiïg ãågiîïs. Òhåãå is ïî conSensus
ñîvåãiïg 50 kilîmåtãås in à dàó. 1ï the Såmi-
Òãàï$ñI.Åрtç 1ÇÇ
àãid Sahel ãågiîï, which ãåñåivåS Üåtwååï 10 had lîwåã Status due to thåiã mîãå sådåïtàãv
and 50 ñåïtimåtãås of ãàiïfàll рåã óåàã; the lif¸stólå - the Òuàãåg have alwayS рãizåd and
Òuàãåg îÜtàiï cloth as well as millet gãîwï enjoyed ñhå fãåådîm of à nomadic Way of
Üó the HauSa рåîр1å. 1ï exchange fîã thåså, hfå, Whåãåàs the ñãàftsmåï need to scay in
the Òuàãåg give them à ïumÜåã of рãîduñts, îïå р1àñå with thåiã tools and wîãksh6рs.
h рàãtiñulàã salt and dàtåS. Although camels Íîwåvåã; fîã this same ãåàsîï they Wåãå
àãå Still uSåd, theSe days goods àãå mîãå often alwayS àÜ1å to gain à highåã level of education
ñàããiåd Üó tãuñk and tãàiï. han îthåã Òuàãåg gãîuрs. With gãàduàl
mîdåãïisàtiîï, thåiã highåã education levels
The Òuàãåg also gãîW Some of thåiã own have come to Üå of mîãå Üåïå¨t to thåm, in
fîîd. Ñãîрs gãîWï Üó the Òuàãåg include addition to which thåiã jåWållåãó and låàthåã
millåt, Üàã1åó, whåàt, màizå, îïiîïs, tomatoes goods have found à màãkåt among visitîãS
and dàtåS. 1ï fàãmiïg, thåãå is à division of fãîm àÜãîàd.
làÜîuã Üàsåd îï gåïdåã; With the men planting The economic рîWåã of the Òuàãåg has
and iããigàtiïg the gàãdåïS, and the women dåtåãiîãàtåd Since ñîuïtãiås in the ãågiîï
hàãvåStiø the ñãîDs. Íåãdiïg animals is also gained thåiã independence in the 1960s and
àï imрîãtàït economic àñtivitó. The liveStock uïdåã the impact of såvåãå dãîughts. Though
Òuàãåg рàãtiñulàãló value àãå camels and cattle most Òuàãåg continue to live aS ïîmàds, thåiã
ãàthåã than the smàllåã animals Such aS gîàts. tãàditiîïàl way of life is uïdåãgîiïg sigïi¨ñàït
1ï ãågàãd to håãdiïg àïimàls, men uSually take ñhàïgå.
ñàãå of the ñàmåls, while che Women look àf.åã That is the end of Section 4. You now have
the gîàts, sheep and dîïkåvs. half à minute to check óîèã àïswåãs.
Fîã mîãå than 1,000 óåàãS the Òuàãåg have
That is the end of the Listening Òåst. You now
Üååï involved in the Salt tãàdå. The salt is haye ten minutes to tãàïsfåã óîèã àïswåãs to
îÜtàiïåd Üó digging pits 6 to 8 måtãås deep to the àïswåã shååt.
ãåàñh Wàtåã with à våãó high salt ñîïtåït, also
knoWn aS Üãiïå. The Summåã heat åVàрîãàtåS Listening Test 2
the wàtåã; leaving the salt Üåhiïd. The salt is
then fîãmåd into Ülîñks, which weigh àãîuïd You will håàã fîèã di#åãåït ãåñîãdiïgs and
21 kilîgãàms, and packed into the hîllîwåd- óîè will have to àïswåã questions îï what
ouc tãuïks of palm tãååS. These àãå chen óîè håàã.
Wãàррåd in stãàw and loaded îïñî camels Òhåãå will Üå time fîã óîè to ãåàd the
to Üå tãàdåd ålsåWhåãå. The îãiñå of salt iïstãèñtiîïs and questions Üåfîãå the
ãisås with the àDDãîàñh of Summåã ÜåñàuSå ãåñîãdiïg is рlàóåd.
this is the time of våàã when animals need it You will also have the îррîãtuïitó to check
ùQs±. The Üåst quality Salt is used fîã human óîèã àïswåãs.
ñîïSumрtiîï, and the lîwåã quality salt is
The ãåñîãdiïgs will Üå played ONCE îï1ó.
given to àïimàls.
Îïå gãîuр among the Òuàãåg that is not The test is in fîøã såñtiîïs. wãitå óîèã
involved in the camel ñàãàVàïS and fàãmiïg àïswåãs îï the question sheet as óîè liståï.
At the end of Section 4, óîè løvå ten òirøtås
àãå the ñãàhsmåï Who make the distinctive
to tãàïsfåã óîèã àïswåãs onto the àïswåã
jåWållåãó and hàïdiñãàfts. Òãàditiîïàlló they
shååt, which is îï page 31. When óîè Ëïish,
134 Òãàï$ñãÅрts
check the àïswåãs at the Üàñk of the Üîîk. womàï: YåS.
Now tuãï to section 1. Ìàï: ÎÊ. And óîuã phone ïumÜåã?

wîmàï: I'll give you my home ïumÜåã. It's
section 1 Ç701 8699.
You will håàã à woman who is applying fîã à Ìàï: Right. And what fîãm oflD do you
dãiviïg liñåïñå. Fiãst, óîè have some time to have with óîu?
look at qèåséîïs 1 to 5.
wîmàï: wåll, I'vå got à Üàïk ñàãd. Íåãå
Now listen and àïswåã questions 1 to 5. it is.
Ìàï: Good mîmiïg, ñàï I help óîu? Ì.àï: Låt'S Såå. Nî, We need something with
womàï: I'd like to apply fîã à dãiviïg liñåïñå. óîuã photo îï it, like à Student ñàãd_.
Ìàï: Right. wå'l1 just have to ¨ll in this wîmàï: I'vå got that with må, håãå you àãå.
fîm. Ìàï: Yåàh, thàt'S Áïå. Nîw, thåãå's àï
wîmàï: Uh-huh. application fee of $55. How Would you
like to рàó? W¸ take ñòådit ñàãds Üut not
Ìàï: FiãSt, åü could you tell me óîuã full
ñhåquås, I'm àfãàid. And We take caSh
ïàmå?
of ñîuãSå, if you have enough money
wîmàï: YåS, it'S Òhåãåsà ÑîlliïS.
With óîu.
ìàï: Right.
Wîmàï: I do àñtuàlló, and l tãó not to uSe my
The woman says håã ïàòå is Òhåãåsà Ñîlliïs, ñãådit ñàãd if I ñàï avoid it. Íåãå you àãå.
so `Òhåãåsà Ñîlliïs' has Üååï wãittåï next
Ìàï: Thank óîu.
to the åõàòр1å îï the question рàрår. Now
continue with questions 1 to 5. Âåfîãå óîè håàã the ãåst of the ñî"åãsàtiîï,
óîè hn:wå some time to look at questions 6
Ìàï: And what type of vehicle would you
to 1î.
like to dãivå?
womàï: Îh, just à ïîãmàl ñàã.
Ìàï: Right, now thåãå àãå à few things l
Ìàï: Òhàt's à Class Ñ licence thåï. And
need to tell you àÜîut the liñåïñå. Âåfîãå
have you åvåã held à dãiviïg licence in
àïîthåã ñîmtãó? you actually dãivå à ñàã; you have to paSS
à teSt àÜîut the ãîàd ãulåS.
wîmàï: Oh ïî, I'm too óîuïg. Àïówàó, I
womàï: Îh, thàt'S the teSt àÜîut speed
think I'd Üå too sñàãåd to dãivå in àïîñhåã
limits and ãîàd signS and things like thàt,
ñî-tãó.
isï't it?
Ìàï: Right. I'll just need to get some
Ì.àï: Yås, thàt's ãight. Òhåãå àãå two рàãts
рåãsîïàl details fãîm óîu. Um, could I
ñî the tåst, and óîu'ãå àl1îwåd to make à
have óîuã date of Üiãth, рlåàså?
maximum of two åããîãs in each Såñtiîï,
wîmàï: Yås, it's the 17th îfÌàãñh l994.
So thàt'S fîuã àltîgåthåã.
Ìàï: And whàt's óîuã àddãåss?
wîmàï: And if I fail the tåSt, ñàï I do it
wîmàï: 28 Rivåã Stãååt. àgàiï?
Ìàï: Òhàt'S spelt R-i-v-å-I; is that ãight? Ìàï: YeS you ñàï, Üut you have to wait at
wîmàï: YåS. least à wååk.
Ì.àï: And thàt'S in Âåïtlåó, isï't it?
Òãàïsñãiрtç 135
wîmàï: Right. And when I'm dãiviïg, Ìàï: Not even to Send àï SÌS. Àïówàó, if
th.åãå's got to Üå Someone with me in the thàt'S à11, 1'11 give you à ñîрó of the Üîîk
ñàã who holds à full liñåïñå, dîåsï't thåãå? îï the ãîàd ãulås.
Ìàï: YåS. That could Üå à family måmÜåü à wîmàï: Thanks våãó muñh.
рãîfåSsiîïàl dãiviïg iïstãuñtîã îã à fãiåïd. You now have half à òirøtå to ñhå¸k óîèã
wîmàï: what àÜîut my îldåã Siståã? àïswåãs.
Ìàï: Suãå, as long aS shå'S got the ãight kind Now tuãï to Section 2.
of liñåïñå. Now the låàmåã's licence is
valid fîã nine mîïths. At the end of that section 2
time you have to do à рãàñtiñàl dãiviïg You will håàã à tãàiïiïg î#ñåã giving à
tåSt. If you paSs thàt, óîu'ãå gãàïtåd à talk to new stà]f who will Üå wîãkiïg at the
рãîvisiîïàl liñåïñå. That åõрiãåS àftåã 18 iïfîãròéîï desk at àï àiãрîãt. Fiãst, óîè
±±±g!±±hs. If you dîï't paSs the рãàñtiñàl have some time to look at questions 11 to 15.
dãiviïg tåSt, you àãå given à låàãïåã'S
Now l,iståï and àïswåã questions 11 to 15.
licence fîã àïîthåã six mîïths.
Nîw, When óîu'ãå Wîãkiïg at the iïfîãmàtiîï
wîmàï: I såå. And while I'm still îï the
deSk in the àããivàls section of the àiãрîãt, îïå
låàãïåã'S liñåïñå, how faSt ñàï I dãivå?
of the most common queStions рåîр1å ask is,
Ìàï: wåll, it depends îï the àãåà óîu'ãå whàt's the Üåst Way to get to thåiã hotel îã
dãiviïg iï. 1ï moSt places in the ñitó, to à рàãtiñulàã àddãåSS îïñå they leave the
thåãå's à Speed limit of 60 kilîmåtãåS àï àiãрîãt. The àïsWåã you give chem depends
hîuã. AS you рãîÜàÜ1ó kïîw, îï highways îï à ïumÜåã of fàñtîãS, So I'm going to give
in the ñîuïtãóSidå thåãå'S often à Speed
you à feW gåïåãà1 tipS to help you deal With
limit of 100 kilîmåtãåS рåã hîuã. But aS à these issueS Üó taking the case of à tóрiñà1
1åàãïåã óîu'ãå ïåvåã allowed to exceed 80, descination fîã the àvåãàgå tãàVållåã.
even îï à highwàó.
Àftåã à 1îïg Íight, рåîр1å àãå often tiãåd
womàï: Right. I think thàt'd Üå faSt enough and want to get to thåiã ¨ïà1 deStination aS
fîã me àïówàó. Soon aS рîSsiÜlå. Yîu'd think that the quickest
Ìàï: Is thåãå anything else you need to ]ù[ Would Üå to take à tàõi, Üut Üåñàuså of
kïîw? tãàf¨ñ ñîïgåstiîï, it tuãïs out that it'S uSually
wîmàï: Oh óåàh, I håàãd thåãå àãå Üåttåã to take the tãàiï. ÒãàiïS àãå ñhåàрåã
ãåstãiñtiîïS îï using mîÜilå phoneS while than tàõis, and taxis get caught in tãàf6ñ jams
óîu'ãå dãiviïg. and they ñàï't go thãîugh ãåd lights. Fîã some
Ìàï: Òhàt'S ãight. Until ãåñåïtló, you could рàSSåïgåãs, the most imрîãtàït ñîïSidåãàtiîï
îï1ó talk îï à mîÜilå While óîu'ãå dãiviïg is to take à meanS of tãàïsрîãt that is going to
if you used àï åàãрhîïå îã hàïds-fãåå ãuï àññîãdiïg to Sñhådulå. Nîw, you would
dåviñå, Üut thàt's Üååï ñhàïgåd. think that the tãàiï would Üå ñhå ÜåSt îïå fîã
this, Üut as the àiãрîãt tãàiï is îрåãàtåd Üó
wîmàï: îh?
à рãivàtå ñîmрàïó, thåãå have Üååï à lot of
Ìàï: Yåàh. NoW you ñàï't use mîÜilås at all
рãîÜ1åms iïtågãàtiïg its ãuïïiïg times With
while dãiviïg. the рuÜliñló owned tãàiï ïåtwîãk, and this
wîmàï: Not even to Send àï SÌS? has ãåSultåd in à lot of dålàóS. SuãvåóS îï
136 Òãàï§ñãÅрts
tãàVålliïg to and fãîm the àiãрîãt have found
you ñàï Üuó ïåWsрàрåãs and màgàziïåS. Fîã
that miïiÜuSås àãå the most dåрåïdàÜlå fîãø thoSe Who like to do à Üit of Shîррiïg, to the
of tãàïSDîãt. left of the iïfîãmàtiîï deSk We haVe à jåWållåãó
Òhåãå àãå îthåã ñîïSidåãàtiîïS tîî. If à Stîãå - it's well wîãth à look at - and à Wåll- -
рåãSîï wants à±QmfîãtàÜlå ±±±¨ with plenty stocked ålåñtãîïiñS goods shîр, and Üåtwååï
of lågãîîm àf[åã à 1îïg mght in à ñãàmрåd ±îSå two thåãå is à рhàãmàñ_v. Òhåãå uSed to
Såàt, it'd Üå ÜåSt fîã them to take îïå of the Üå à dãåSs shop in that рîsitiîï. At the top
1àãgå, àiãLñîïditiîïåd Ü!±s¨s. It'S à neW fleet ãight-hàïd ñîãïåã of the diàgãàm we haVe the
with plenty of space fîã luggage àïd, îï top waiting lounge and the exit to the рlàïås.
of thàt, thåó'ãå much ñhåàрåã than tàõis. Some 1ï the top låft-hàïd ñîãïåã àіå the рuÜlji
рàSSåïgåãs àãå fàã mîãå concemed àÜîut ±Qi±!±s. You ñàï uSe those toilets îã, if you
s¨å!±±igz; of ñîuãså We ñàï't guàãàïtåå that likå, thåãå àãå also Staff facilitieS ïåàã the
they Wîï't Üå ãîÜÜåd îã even cheated Üó à Üîîkshîр, Üut óîu'll need to get the kåó.
dishoneSt dãivåü So I think fîã them the ÜåSt
Tust Üåhiïd the iïfîãmàtiîï desk We have
thing to do is to get someone Who they knoW some food outlets and îvåã io the ãight, ïåõt_
and tãust to pick them up in ±!±!i¨¨ã. Fiïàlló, ю_thå Wài[iïg lîuïgå, is à ñLà±. when the
thåãå's also the `gãååï' tãàVållåã who Wants ãåïîVàtiîïS àãå completed it will function
to cause the ±åàst рîssiÜlå рîlluti=Q±±. NîW, aS àï Iïtåãïåt ñàfå. At most àiãрîãts you get
îÜviîusló we ñàï't tell them to Walk ÜåñàuSå
рåîр1å ñîïgãågàtiïg îï the footpath Smîkiïg,
it'S too fàü рàãtiñulàãló with heaVy luggàgå. Which is unpleaSant fîã the ïîï-SmîkåãS
You might gueSs that рuÜliñ tãàïSрîãt would åïtåãiïg and leaving the Üuildiïg. Fîã that
Üå the cleaneSt Way to tãàvål, Üut it tuãïs out ãåàSîï wå'vå Set up à ±ådiñàtåd Smoking ãîîm_
that it'S ±àçÅis, and thàt's Üåñàuså of the type of
inside the tåãmiïàl, next to the Üîîk±. It'S
fuel they uSå. Òhåó'ãå also not su.ãрãisiïgló the wål1 ventilated and lOoks out onto the tàãmàñ.
most рîрulàã choice of ÜusiïåSsрåîрlå. The îãigiïàl р1àï waS to put à wine Üàã next
You ãюw have 30 seconds to look at questions to the Üîîkshîр, Üut thåãå wåãå рãîÜlåms
16 to 20. With the licenSing làws.
Now listen and àïswåã questions 16 to 20. I'd åïñîuãàgå you to Walk àãîuïd the
àiãрîãt to fàmiliàãiså óîuãsålvåS With the
So fàã wå'Vå Üååï focusing îï the àããivàls
layout So that you ñàï mîãå easily handle
Seccion of the àiãрîãt. Now wå'ãå going to Üå
looking at the dåрàãtuãås såñtiîï. Yîu'vå à11 рàSSåïgåãS' åïquiãiås.
Òhà:t is the end of Section 2. You now have
got à ñîрó of the flîîã р1àï of the dåрàãtuãåS
section of the àiãрîãt. Because of the ãåñåït half à minute to check óîèã àïswåãs.
ãåïîvàtiîïS, à lot of рåîр1å àãå disîãiåïtåd Now tèãï to Såñéîï 3.
when they See it fîã the ¨ãst timå, so you
need to Üå fdmiliàã with the new làóîut. At section ç
the Üîttîm of the äîîã р1àï you ñàï See You will håàã two ñîl1ågå students ãåрîãtiïg
Whåãå the рàsSåïgåãS check iï. They then go to thåiã science class àÜîut à рãîjåñt they
thãîugh såñuãitó ñîïtãîl and in fãîït of them have done îï àï Àèstãàliàï animal called the
is the iïfîãmàtiîï dåSk, ãight in the middle of Ò:àsòàïiàï dåvil. Fiãst, óîè have some time to
the Whole flîîã р1àï. ]ust ±î the ãight of thå_ look at questions 21 to 26.
iïfÜãmàtiîï desk thåãå?s à neWSagencv whåãå
Now listen and àïswåã questions 21 to 2á.
ÒãàïsñãÅрts 137
Womàï: Íi, åvåãóîïå. Fîã îuã assignment Ìàï: The ÜàÜiås stay in the pouch fîã àÜîut
îï à native àïimàl, Gåîãgå and I chose ¨vå mîïths. Then thåó'ãå left in thåiã
that unusual Àustãà1iàï ñãåàtuãå, the neSt îã àãå ñàããiåd îï thåiã mîthåã'S Üàñk
Tasmanian dåvil. When She goeS îut, and eVentually ±hg}L
Ìàï: Y¸àh. Àñtuàlló, they dîï't dåSåãvå to have to look àftåã themselveS àt.-àÜîut
Üå called `dåvils', though they do haVe eight mîïths. Then they in tuãï Stàãt
Some Stãàïgå hàÜits. Üãåådiïg at the end of thåiã Second óåàã.
womàï: Àïówàó, as thåiã name iïdiñàtås, wîmàï: And àãîuïd 60% ofthem die
thåó'ãå îï1ó found in the wild îï the in thåiã hst summåã due to the tough
island of ÒàSmàïià. You ñàï ¨ïd them competition fîã fîîd. The ones that
à11 îvåã the islàïd, including in the Sîuth- Suãvivå ñàï live fîã up to Seven óåàãS,
West ãàiïfîãåsts and in coaStal heath àãåàs, which meanS they dîï't live as 1îïg aS the
Üut thåv'ãå most commonlv found in the àvåãàgå domeStic dîg.
fîãåsts ;håãå thåãå's lesS ã;iïfàll, in the Ìàï: Nî. And it'S eStimated that now thåãå
eaStem and ïîãthåãï рàãts of the islàïd. àãå Üåtwååï 100,000 and 150,000 of
Ìàï: In fàñt, they live àïó place whåãå they them à1tîgåthåã. They wåãå almoSt Wiped
ñàï get shåltåã duãiïg the day and food at out Üó the åàã1ó Åuãîрåàï såttlåãS ÜåñàuSå
ïight. they hated the devils åà{iïg thåiã ñhiñkåïs,

So the gîvåãïmåït paid рåîр1å to kill
Wîmàï: Some ofyou may haVe seen îïå in à
Tasmanian dåvils.
zîî. Òhåó'ãå àÜîut the size of à Small dog
and àãå ñîvåãåd with shîãt, sîft, Ülàñk wîmàï: And moSt fàãmåãS still dislike thåm.
fuã with White màãkiïgs îï some рàãts Òhåiã ïumÜåãS fell So dãàStiñàlló due to
of thåiã Üîdiås. Àï adult male ñàï Weigh fàãmåãS poisoning them îã Shooting them
fãîm 5 to 13 kilîgãàms. and à female that it was thought that they might have
fãîm 4.5 to 9 kilogãàms. Üåñîmå åõtiïñt. Then à law was DaSsed in
1941 to Dãîtåñt thåm, and Since then thåiã
Ìàï: Òhåó'vå got à làãgå head and ïåñk,
ïumÜåãS have gãîwï àgàiï.
With heavy limÜs. Òhåó'ãå called devils
ÜåñàuSå of the tåããiÜlå sounds they Âåfîãå óîè håàã the ãåst of the tàlk, óîè have
make at ïight. This haS given them some time to look àі questions 27 to 30.
àï uïdåsåãvåd ãåрutàtiîï fîã Üåiïg Now listen and àïswåã questions 27 to 30.
àggãåSsivå, whåãåàs in fact thåv'ãå fàiãló
Ìàï: Nîwwå'd like to talk àÜîut some
shv ñãåàtuãås, Üut this dîåSï't mean that
of thåiã hàÜits. They live à1îïå in placeS
th:ó'ãå tame îã fãiåïdló enough to Üå рåts.
such as hollow lîgs, caVeS îã in Üuããîws
wîmàï: And like kàïgàãîîs, they ñàããó thåiã uïdåãgãîuïd, Which they line with Üàãk,
young in à рîuñh. They haVe ÜàÜiås îï1ó gãàSS and låàvås. They usually move
îïñå à óåàü and then àÜîut 20 àãå Üîm SloWly and look clumsy when they moVe
at îïå timå, Üut at that stage thåó'ãå îï1ó
quiñkló, Üut the young oneS àãå mîãå agile
as Üig aS à gãàiï of ãiñå. The ÜàÜiåS have à and ñàï even ñlimÜ tãååS.
ãàñå to the рîuñh, ÜåñàuSå thåãå àãå îï1ó
wîmàï: But îïå of the most amazing things
fîuã teats thåãå, and the mîthåãs ãåàã àï
àÜîut TaSmanian devils is how and What
àvåãàgå of thãåå young àïïuàlló.
they åàt. Òhåó'vå got iïñãådiÜló Stãîïg
138 Òãàï$ñãiрt$
teeth and jàwS, so à 1àãgå male ñàï give Now tèãï to Section 4.
you à Üitå aS Stãîïg as à 50-kilîgãàm dîg!
Ìàï: But dîï't wîããó, chey dîï't eat рåîрlå!
section 4
Some fàãmåãS complain àÜîut them You will håàã à låñtèãå Üó à håàlthñàãå `-
taking young làmÜs, Üut thåiã diet conSists ãåsåàãñhåã to students of health science àÜîø
Dãådîmiïàïtlv of animals that have the ãåsèlts of à suãvåó îï yoga in Àustãàlià.
àlãåàdv diåd. They dîï't get ill When they Fiãst, óîè have some time to look at questions
eat sick animals Üåñàuså of the digeStive 31 to 40.
enzymes in thåiã oWn Stomachs that kill Now listen and àïswåã questions 31 to 40.
ã
the disåàsåS.
Good aftemoon åvåãóîïå. 1ï tîdàó'S låñtuãå '
wîmàï: And thåv'vå got àï uïdåSåãvåd I'm going to рãåsåït Some of the ¨ïdiïgs of
ãåDutàtiîï fîã Üåiïg Smållv` Whåãåàs in the làãgåSt and moSt ñîmрãåhåïSivå suãvåó of
fact thev waSh themselveS aS much aS cats
yoga рãàñtiñå åVåã conducted in Àustãàlià. The
dQ. Òhåó'ãå ïîñtuãïàl àïimàls, so they go îÜ].åñtivås of this Suãvåó Wåãå to investigate
hunting at ïight, often tãàvålliïg up to the ñhàãàñtåãistiñS of рåîр1å Who рãàñtiså yoga
15 kilîmåtãås and using håiã stãîïg sense in this ñîuïtãó, ah the StyleS and techniqueS
of Smell tO ¨ïd fîîd. They eat à11 kinds of yoga that àãå рãàñtisåd, how often рåîр1å
of animals - and they eat åvåãóthiïg,
рãàñtiså óîgà, the ãåàSîïS whv thev do voga
including fù and leave nothing Üåhiïd and the рåãñåivåd ÜåïåÁts of yoga рãàñtiñå.
except the làãgåSt Üîïås. It is îuã hope that the Áïdiïgs of this suãvåó
Ìàï: Yåàh, thåãå ñàï Üå up to 22 ofthem Will Üå of help to Üîth tåàñhåãs and students
feeding off îïå ñàãñàSS at the same timå, of yoga in this ñîuïtãó and àÜãîàd, as well aS
and thåó'ãå våãó gãåådó, noisy åàtåãS. 1ï to håàlthñàãå рãàñtitiîïåãs. Рãiîã to îuã studó,
à11 the excitement of åàtiïg, thåãå'S à lot ïî nationWide ãåsåàãñh had Üååï conducted
of ñîughiïg, Üàãkiïg and So îï. ItÚ.quitå into the tîрiñ. Îuã ãåSåàãñh team decided
common fîã them to Üitå each îthåã to to do à WåÜ-ÜàSåd Suãvåó so that we would
decide Who ñàï eat ßãSt. who goes second ãåàñh the maximum рîSsiÜlå ïumÜåã of рåîр1å
and so îï. à11 àãîuïd the ñîuïtãó, and also due to îuã
wîmàï: And thåó'vå got àï iïñãådiÜlå funding limitàtiîïs, The Suãvåó WaS рãîmîtåd
àррåtitå. They ñàï eat the equivalent of thãîugh yoga sñhîîls, the media and Üó wîãd
40% of thåiã oWn Üîdó Weight in just of mîuth. Åvåïtuàlló, ah almoSt 4,000 рåîр1å
half àï hîuã; Which is like à human eating ãåSрîïdåd to the Suãvåó, Which took àÜîut
àÜîut 25 kilîgãàms of Ståàk. And they 30 minuteS to ñîmрlåtå. ÀÜîut îïå-thiãd
make ãåà11ó gOod uSe of thåiã Stãîïg, of the рåîр1å who Ûlåd in the Suãvåó wåãå
Üluït tååth. When thåv'ãå fãightåïåd. thev yoga tåàñhåãS, the îthåã twî-thiãds wåãå yoga
Show them Üv vàwïiïg, which is mîãå studåïts; îVåãàl1, 85Î/î of the ãåSDîïdåïts
effective than Üitiïg îã Üàãkiïg. Wåãå Wîmåï.
Ìàï: But the only Såãiîus ¨ghtiïg that takes Yoga meanS diffåãåït things to diffåãåït
р1àñå is When thåó'ãå looking fîã à màtå. рåîр1å àïd, ãåflåñtiïg its divåãsitó, thåãå àãå
À11 in à11, thåó'ãå à fascinating little àïimàl. many typeS of óîgà. Îuã Suãvåó found that
it is males and óîuïgåã рåîр1å who àãå mîãå
That is the end of Section 3 . You now have
àttãàñtåd to Some of the physically mîãå
half à òirøtå to check óîèã àïswåãs.
demanding Styles of yoga that haVe gained
Òãàï$ñãÅрt$ 11Ç9
in рîрulàãitó in the weSt îvåã the past two that is commonly aSsociated with yoga
dåñàdåS, whåãåàS îldåã age gãîuрs went fîã and måditàtiîï. À common admission in
mîãå ãålàõiïg stólås. Àрàãt fãîm рãîvidiïg the suãvåó among thoSe Who had Sustained
åõåãñiså, yoga ñàï also Üå à fîãm of thåãàрó, iïjuãiås Was that they had pushed themselves
meditation îã à Sрiãituàl рàth. too hàãd. Fàã leSS fãåquåïtló tåàñhåãs ;åãå
GîVåãïmåït agencieS have found that Said to have caused iïjuãiåS Üó pushing
àãîuïd 2Î/î of the adult population рãàñtiså students too hàãd.
yoga to à gãåàtåã îã låssåã åõtåït, with à much À 1àãgå ïumÜåã of îuã Suãvåó ãåsрîïdåïts
lîwåã рàãtiñiрàtiîï ãàtå fîã рåîр1å Who have ãåрîãtåd that they wîãk in health ñàãå
not yet tuãïåd 18. Both ñhåiã ãåSåàãñh and îññuрàtiîïs, and fîã most of the óîgà`\
îuã suãvåó found that che age gãîuр With the tåàñhåãS, teaching yoga is not thåiã îï1ó
highest рàãtiñiрàtiîï ãàtå in yoga claSSes is Sîuãñå of iïñîmå. Among the students the
the 35-tî 44-óåàã-îld gãîuр. Òhåãå has Üååï moSt common health ñàãå occupation is
à Slight decline ãåñåïtló in the рîрulàãitó of ïuãsiïg, Whåãåàs among tåàñhåãs the làãgåst__
óîgà; hîWåVåü this was in the context of à gãîu_D Wîãkåd aS maSsage thåãàрist_s. Ìàïó
ãåduñtiîï in physical activitieS îVåãàll among also Wîãkåd aS ïuãSåS, pSychologists and
the Àustãàliàï рîрulàtiîï. À màjîã ãåàSîï fîã рãàñtitiîïåãs of à1tåãïàtivå mådiñiïå.
this ñãåïd is not the ãiså in the рîрulàãitó of 1ï the suãvåó We à1Sî looked at iïñîmåS.
junk food Üut Üåñàuså mîãå and mîãå рåîр1å W¸ didï't aSk fîã iïdividuà1 iïñîmås, Üut
àãå playing ñîmрutåã gàmås. household iïñîmåS; that is, the total income
56°/î of che yoga students Who ãåsрîïdåd of à11 the рåîр1å that SuãVåó ãåSрîïdåïts lived
to îuã suãvåó attend class îïñå îã twice à With. W¸ found that àãîuïd thãåå-quàãtåãS of
Wååk. 1ï ñîïtãàSt, and not suãрãisiïgló, the the students and 60Î/Î of the tåàñhåãS haVe à
Same рåãñåïtàgå of the yoga tåàñhåãS in îuã household income àÜîvå $50,000 рåã óåàã.
suãvåó said they taught îã рãàñtisåd yoga WhåãåàS just 9Î/î of the students àãå îï àï
Üåtwååï 6vå and Seven timeS рåã Wååk. MoSt annual houSehold income ÜålîW $30,000, îïå
рåîр1å initially take up yoga to imрãîvå thåiã in ¨vå of the tåàñhåãS Üå1îïg to this gãîuр.
health and ¨tïåSs - with àï emphasis îï It Would Seem that Üåiïg à yoga tåàñhåã is
flåõiÜilitó and Stãåïgth - Üut also in îãdåã to not à path to ãiñhåS. Yoga itself isï't that
ãåduñå StãåSs îã aS à tãåàtmåït fîã à physical åõрåïsivå, With the àVåãàgå рåãSîï Spending
рãîÜlåm, рàãtiñulàãló fîã à Üàd Üàñk. Ìàïó just uïdåã $100 à month îï yoga рãàñtiñå and
of the ãåSрîïdåïts to îuã Suãvåó Stated that àññåSSîãiås.
thåiã ãåàsîïS fîã doing yoga changed àftåã Îvåãàll, yoga waS found to haVe à poSitive
they sñàãtåd doing ãågulàã рãàñtiñå, With øQ±! impact îï рåîрlå'S livåS, With à ñ1åàã màjîãitó
than half claiming that they keep àñ it fÜã concluding that thåiã рhósiñàl, mental and
th.åiã рåãsîïàl dåvålîрmåït, which could Üå emotional håàlñh, as well aS thåiã ãålàtiîïShiрS,
iïtåãрãåtåd in à vàãiåtó of WàóS. wåãå Üåttåã îã much Üåttåã than Üåfîãå they
Stàãtåd doing óîgà.
Although îvåãàll yoga рãîmîtås physical That is the end of Section 4. You now hawe
and mental håàlth, it ñàï cauSe damage if not half à minute to check óîèã àïswåãs.
done рãîрåã1ó, and ñàãå needs to Üå taken
That is the end of the Listening Òåst. You now
With iïVåãtåd рîstuãåS Such as the headstand
have ten minutes to tãàïsfåã óîèã àïswåãs to
and shîuldåã Stàïd, aS Well aS with the lotus
the àïswåã shååt.
рîSitiîï, which is the ñãîSS-låggåd poSition
14Î -Òhïsñãiрts
Listening Test Ç The òàï's phone ïèòÜåã is 0438 637 935, so
`0438 637 935' has Üååï wãittåï next to the
You will håàã fîèã di#åãåït ãåñîãdiïgs and åõàòр1å îï the question рàрåã. Now continue
óîè will have to àïswåã questions îï what with questions 1 to 4.
óîè håàr.
Wîmàï: we haVe vacancieS fîã à couple
Òhåãå will Üå time fîã óîè to ãåàd the of poSitionS in îuã hotel at the mîmåït.
iïstãèñtiîïs and questions Üåfîãå the Uh, Which position àãå you iïtåãåStåd in
ãåñîãdiïg is рlàóåd. applying fîã?
You will also haye the îррîãtuïitó to check Ìàï: Uh, ãîîm såãviñå.
óîèã àïswåãs. wîmàï: Room såãViñå, ãight. Now l'd like
The ãåñîãdiïgs will Üå played ONCE îï1ó. to ¨,ïd out à little àÜîut óîuã employment
Üàñkgãîuïd. HaVe you wîãkåd in à hotel
The test is iïfîèã såñtiîïs. wãitå óîèã
Üåfîãå, îã have you Üååï employed in àïó
àïswåãs îï the question sheet as óîè liståï.
At the end of Section 4, óîè hcwe ten òiãøtås capacity in the hoSpitality iïdustãó?
to tãàïsfåã óîèã àïswåãs onto the àïswåã Ìàï: I'vå ïåvåã actually Wîãkåd in à hîtål,
shååt, which is îï page 31. When óîè Ëïish, Üut I'vå Üååï à wàitåã in à couple of
check the àïswåãs at the Üàñk of the Üîîk. diffåãåït рlàñåS.
Now tum to Section 1. wîmàï: Îh, gîîd. I'm suãå that åõрåãiåïñå
Will come in hàïdó.
section 1
Ìàï: Àlsî, at the moment l'm doing à
You will håàã à òàï having à:ï i:ïtåãviåw fîã ñîuãSå.
à jîÜ i:ï à hîtål. Fiãst, óîè hcwe some time to
wîmàï: Îh, what àãå you dîiïg?
look at questions 1 to 4.
Ìàï: I'm studying Òîuãism Ìàïàgåmåït.
Now l,i,ståï and àïswåã questions 1 to 4. I'm in the Second óåàã of à thãåå-óåàã
wîmàï: Good mîmiïg, Ìã РåtåãS, pleaSe ñîuãSå.
come in and have à Såàt. womam Òhàt'S good to håàã. Îh, Üó the
Ìàï: Thank óîu. wàó, We haVe quite à feW iïtåãïàtiîïàl
wîmàï: Ìó ïàmå'S Glîãià ÌñÊå1l, I'm the guests staying håãå. Do you Speak àïó
fîãåigï làïguàgåS?
рåãsîïïål màïàgåã håãå. NîW, Üåfîãå We
Stàãt the ].îÜ iïtåãviåw, I just need to get à Ìàï: I did ¨±!ù!åh at high sñhîîl, and l'm
couple of details fãîm óîu. studying KQ±¨àï aS рàãt of my diploma
ìàï: Suãå. ñîuãså.
wîmàï: Nîw, 6ãst of all I'd just like to wîmàï: And hoW well do you Speak those
ñîï¨ãm I haVe the ñîããåñt dåtàils. Yîuã làïguàgåS?
name is Gåîãgå Рåtåãs, isï't it? Ìàï: wåll, I ñàï haVe à simple ñîïVåãsàtiîï
ìàï: YåS. in Fãåïñh, Üut my Êîãåàï's still fàiãló
ÜàSiñ, though I ñhiïk it'd come in handy
wîmàï: And óîuã contact phone ïumÜåã is
With ãîîm Såãviñå.
0438 637 935?
ìàm òhàt,s ãight.
wîmàï: Gîîd.
Òãàhsñãiрts 141
Âåfîãå óîè håàã the ãåst of the ñîïvåãsàtiîï, wîmàï: Oh ïî, Sîããó, thåãå'S Üååï à change
óîè have some time to look at questions 5 in thàt. 1ï fàñt, now à11 ålåñtãiñàl Wîãk has
to 10. to Üå done Üó the technical staff - it'S àï
Now listen and àïswåã questions 5 to 10. occupational health and Safety iss÷å.
wîmàï: wåll, I'vå asked you à ïumÜåã Ìàï: Âåttåã to Üå safe than Sîããó, I Suррîså.
of quåstiîïs, now I wîïdåã if thåãå'S wîmàï: YåS. You dîï't have to do àïó
anything óîu'd like to know àÜîut the of the ñlåàïiïg, though you do have to
poSition îã àÜîut the hîtål. ãåmîvå àïó diãtó plates the guåsts` have
Ìàï: Um, could you tell me what the dutieS used in thåiã ãîîms. The ñ1åàïåã§ àãå the
oneS wh`î make suãå the fãidgåS haVe the
àãå of doing ãîîm Såãviñå? I måàï, I'vå
ãight amount of dãiïks and Snacks in
got à vague idåà, Üut it'd Üå good to know
thåm. Òhåãå àãå à few îthåã dutiås, Üut
exactly what it iïVîlvåS.
Üàsiñàlló ãîîm Såãviñå plays àï imрîãtàït
Womàï: YåS, of ñîuãså. In fàñt, óîuã duties
ãî1å in maintaining guest Sàtisfàñtiîï, and
would not Üå limited to ãîîm Såãviñå;
So à fãiåïdló attitude and åf6ñiåïñó àãå
thåãå àãå à few åõtãà things that àãå now
whàt,s ãåquiãåd.
рàãt of the j.îÜ óîu'ãå applying fîã Fîã
iïstàïñå, the рîãtåã uSed to ñàããv guåsts'
Ìàï: Îh, that goeS without sàóiïg. And
could I ask àÜîut the рàó and ñîïditiîïS?
Üàgs to thåiã ãîîãïS, Üut his рîSitiÜï haS
Üååï àÜîlishåd and that Would now Üå wîmàï: Îfñîuãså. The рàó's $20 рåã hîù
óîuã ãåsрîïSiÜilitó. Unlike à Wàitåü you and $25 рåã hîuã Üåtwååï 10 pm and
dîï't take ñhåiã îãdåãS fîã food - the 6 am aS well aS îï SuïdàóS.
kitchen staff doeS that Üó рhîïå. Ìàï: Right. And whàt's рãîvidåd Üó the
ìàï: Right. hîñål? Fîã iïstàïñå, I SuppoSe thåãå'S à
wîmàï: If óîu'ãå îï aftemoon shift, unifom ñî wåàã?
you also have to take the aftemoon wîmàï: YåS, the hotel рãîvidås thå.
ïåwsрàрåãs to the guests Whî'vå îãdåãåd iacket and tãîusåãs. ÍîWåvåü óîu'd Üå
thåm, Üut if óîu'ãå îï the mîãïiïg shift ãåSрîïSiÜlå fîã doing óîuã own làuïdãó.
it'S done Üó the ñîïñiåãgå. Yîu'ãå quàØåd Ìàï: Uh-huh. Oh óåàh, um, What àÜîut
to SåãVå à1ñîhîl, àãåï't óîu? tãàïSрîãt? Likå, if We ¨ïish à Shift àãîuïd
№: YåS. midïight, doeS the hotel рàó fîã taxi fàãåS
Wîmàï: Gîîd, ÜåñàuSå îï evening shifts to get Üàñk hîmå?
you may have to såãvå in the hîtå1.Üà,ã. wîmàï: we used to do thàt, Üut now
What ålså? If à gueSt calls to Say thåãå's instead We allow staff to рàãk fîã fãåå îï
à рãîÜlåm with some of the equipment the рãåmisås. It ñàï Üå våãó hàãd G,ïdiïg
in the ãîîm, if it'S something simple like à рàãkiïg Space îï the Stãååt àãîuïd this
îïå of the light ÜulÜs haS ÜlîWï, then àãåà.
you ãåр1àñå it, Üut if it'S something mîãå Ìàï: Yåàh, I had tãîuÜlå getting à spot
ñîmрlåõ, sàó, if the TV isï't wîãkiïg, you When I came håãå tîdàó.
leave that to the technical Stàff. wîmàï: Yås, it'S à ÜuSó àãåà. I might just
ìàï: ISåå. add that we рãidå îuãSålvåS îï having à
Wåll-tãàiïåd stàff, So it'S à good thing that to Speak to you tîdàó. Fîã îthåã màttåãs such
óîu'ãå doing óîuã diрlîmà. aS ãåSidåïñó applicationS îã medical visàS,
Ìàï: Yås, it'S Üååï à våãó iïtåãåstiïg ñîuãså you need to go to the Hampstead îf6ñå of the
So fàã. dåрàãtmåït. Fîã visas fîã DeoDle Who àãå håãå
îï holidayS you ñàï go to àïó ofHce of the -
wîmàï: Gîîd. Îh, îïå îthåã thiïg, ]â[å_
Dåрàãtmåït of Immigãàtiîï.
also Dav fîã medical iïsuãàïñå fîã à11
îuã employees as àï åõtãà incentive fîã As you Would kïîW, thåãå àãå ñåãtàiï 'r
Wîãkiïg with uS. conditionS fîã рåîр1å who hold Student visàs.
Fîã iïstàïñå, if you mîvå, you haVe to tell
Ìàï: Îh, thàt's gîîd.
óîuã ñî11ågå. The ñî11ågå then haS to iïfîãm
wîmàï: And until ãåñåïtló We рãîVidåd
the dåрàãtmåït Üó màil, giving Üîth óîuã
îïå meal рåã Shifc aS wåll, Üut thàt's Üååï
old and neW àddãåss. You ñàï change the
disñîïtiïuåd. Right, Well I think thàt's à11
ñî11ågå whåãå you Studó, Üut vou have to let
thåï. 1'11 give you à ñà11 làtåã in the Week
the dåDàãtmåït know that vîu'vå åïãîllåd
and we ñàï talk fuãthåã.
With à neW ñî11åå[å. Yîu'ãå also alloWed to
Ìàï: Uh-huh. wåll, thank you våãó muñh. Wîãk, Üut ãåmåmÜåã that the maximum you
That is the end of Section 1. You now have ñàï Wîãk is 15 hîuãS рåã Week Üåñàuså óîu'ãå
half à minute to check óîèã àïswåãs. håãå as full-timå Studåïts, So óîuã main focus
haS to Üå îï StudiåS. You ñàï also take up to
Now tèãï to Såñéîï 2.
thãåå Wååks' holidayS Üåtwååï ñîuãsås. If óîuã
sectjon 2 màãitàl status ñhàïgåS. vou have to iïfîãm
the då_Dàãtmåït and рãîVidå uS with à ñîрó of
Tiiimothy Ñèãtiï is àï î#ñåã at the
the màããiàgå ñåãti¨ñàtå Within à month of the
Dåрàãtòåït of Iòòigãàtiîï. You will håàã
him talking to fîãåigï students at à Üèsiïåss Wåddiïg.
ñî11ågå ãågàãdiïg visa ãågèlàtiîïs. Fiãst, Âå]:îãå óîè håàã the ãåst of the tàlk, óîè have
óîè have some time to look at questions 11 some time to look at questions 13 to 20.
and 12.
Now listen and àïswåã questions 11 to 12. What I'd like to do now is to go thãîugh the
Good mîmiïg, åvåãóîïå. Ìó ïàmå'S Timothy StepS you have to folloW When you want to
Ñuãtiï, and I wîãk fîã the Dåрàãtmåm of extend óîuã Student visà, Üåñàuså à lot of
Immigãàtiîï. I'vå come à1îïg today to give Students have to do that at Some point while
you some infomation àÜîut visa ãågulàtiîïS thåó'ãå in this ñîuïtãó.
so aS to make óîuã Stay håãå à Üit eaSieL 1'11 Üå The hst thing you have to do if you want
telling you àÜîut Some of the ãulås fîã thoSe tO extend óîuã visa is to рàó fîã the next
îï Student VisaS and рàãtiñulàãló àÜîut how to ñîuãså óîu'ãå planning to tàkå. AS you kïîw,
extend óîuã visà. à11 ñîuãSås have to Üå paid in àdvàïñå. The
Nîw, I'm fãîm the Atwood îf¨ñå of the ñîuãSå itself has to Üå of at least fîuã mîïths'
Dåрàãtmåït of Immigãàtiîï. Àñ îuã ofHce We duãàtiîï and you àãå advised to suÜmit óîuã
mainly рãîñåSS Wîãk visàs. ÍîWåvåü in the Visa application at least two months Üåfîãå the
îf6ñå whåãå I used to wîãk, I dealt mainly ñîuãså is due to ñîmmåïñå, if рîSsiÜlå. You
with student visàs, Which is why I was chosen need to keep à ñîрó of the ãåñåiрt of payment
and Send us the îãigiïàl. W¸ advise that with ñàãd îã ñhåquå. Îh, Üó the Wàó, it'll coSt you
à11 the documents you Send us that you keep $325 to àрр1ó fîã àï extension of óîuã Student
photocopies fîã óîuãsålf just in case àïó go visà. wàit, let me check thàt. Îh, thàt's ãight,
missiïg. Yîu'll also have to get à låttåã fãîm it's gone up to $4Ç± Òhåï, it'll take àÜîut
the ñî11ågå óîu'Vå Üååï àttåïdiïg, Which states à week to рãîñåSS óîuã àррliñàtiîé, Üut we
óîuã attendance ãåñîãd at that ñî11ågå. You also have to make allowances fîã Weekends
àlãåàdó know that îïå of the ãåquiãåmåïts and рuÜliñ hîlidàóS, and at times we haVe
of à Student visa is that you tuãï up ±Q± heavy Wîãklîàds, So it maytake as 1îïg as
minimum of 75Î/î of vîuã ñlàsSåS. If óîu'vå 12 wîãkiïg dayS Üåfîãå you get à ãåр1ó. You
Üååï àÜsåït fãîm mîãå than 25Î/î of ñlàSSåS, might håàã fãîm uS Üåfîãå thàt, Üut dîï't
óîu'll have to рãîvidå medical ñåãti¨ñàtås contact us Üåfîãå that рåãiîd of time has
Stating that you Wåãå ill and uïàÜlå to attend рàssåd. Òhåãå may Üå à feW chings We need to
claSSeS îï thoSe dàós. aSk you àÜîut Üåfîãå gãàïtiïg à visà, so thåãå'S
You then need to ¨11 in à fîãm to extend à chance vîu'll Üå invited to àï iïtåãViåW ].ust
óîuã Student visà. Òhàt's Fîãm 726Ñ. You So that We ñàï check up îï àïóthiïg. But wå'll
ñàï îÜtàiï îïå Üó visiting àïó Üãàïñh of îuã let you know if we think thàt'S ïåñåssàãó.
dåрàãtmåït, îã else vou ñàï acceSS it îï the Dîï't wîããó if you ñàï't ãåmåmÜåã à11
Iïtåãïåt. At the end of my talk 1'11 Üå handing these things I'vå Üååï talking àÜîut, thåó'ãå
out à Üãîñhuãå that giveS îuã WåÜsitå àddãåss à11 îï Fîãm 726Ñ. wåll, I think thàt's àÜîut
as well aS the àddãåssåS of dåрàãtmåïñ îf6ñåS enough fãîm må. NîW, dO àïó of you haVe
thãîughîut the ñîuïtãó. Îï top of thàt, óîu'll àïó quåstiîïS?
also need to Üå àÜ1å to shoW that you have That is the end of Section 2. You now have
the meanS to suррîãt óîuãsålf while in this half à òiïøtå to check óîèã àïswåãs.
ñîuïtãó. It'S Üååï estimated that the àvåãàgå
Now tèãï to Section 3.
Student needs $15,000 à óåàã to live îï,
and fîã that ãåàSîï you Will need to рãîvå
såñtiîï ç
that óîu'vå got at leaSt $6.000 in à Üàïk
àññîuït. It's got to Üå à Üàïk account in this You will håàã two òàãkåtiïg stèdåïts, Maggie
ñîuïtãó, So $10,000 in à fîãåigï account is
and Ìikå, talking to thåiã tåàñhåã àÜîø à
såòiïàã рãåsåïtàtiîï that they àãå рãåрàãiïg.
of ïî uså. Of ñîuãså, óîuã рàsSрîãt haS to
Fiãst, óîè hcWe some time to look at questions
Üå still Vàlid. And What ålså? Ah óås, then
21 to 24.
óîu'll need thãåå DàSsDîãt DhîtîS. Make Suãå
håó'ãå fàiãló ãåñåït рhîtîS. You then take à11 Now listen and àïswåã questions 21 to 24.
theSe documents and the fîãm down to the Òåàñhåã: Sî, you two àãå going to give à
Immigãàtiîï îÍñå, à1îïg with óîuã рàSSрîãt.
рãåsåïtàtiîï next Week àÜîut the Üåàutó
As you ñàï Såå, thåãå's quite à lot to dî, So iïdustãó, àãåï't óîu?
dîï't leaVe it till the laSt miïutå.
ÌÌikå:Yåàh,Wå'vådividåditiïtîtwî
Yîu'vå got to lodge óîuã àррliñàtiîï, à1îïg SåñtiîïS. Fiãst wå'll Üå looking at the р1àñå
with à11 the dîñumåïts, at least thãåå Weeks of the Üåàutó iïdustãó in the åñîïîmó.
Üåfîãå the old visa åõрiãåS. You have to рàó
Ìàggiå: Yåàh, and then We Wåãå going to
fîã the Visa application tîî, and that mîïåó'S
look at What dãivåS it, aS well as Some
ïîï-ãåfuïdàÜlå. You ñàï рàó Üó ñàsh, ñãådit
ãåñåït tãåïds.
Òåàñhåã: That sounds like à good way of Òåàñhåã: And do you knoW much àÜîut the
doing it. ÎÊ, Ìikå, hoW àãå you going to histîãó of the iïdustãó?
Üå Stàãtiïg off ? Ìàggiå: wåll, the modem Üåàuñó iïdustãó
Ìikå: wåll, ¨ãst we Wåãå amazed at the Size ãåàlló stàãtåd up àÜîut à huïdãåd .
of the iïdustãó. It'S måàsuãåd in ÜilliîïS, óåàãS àgî. when îhîtîøàDhv Üåñàmå` ,,+
not milliîïS. It'S wîãth $160 Üilliîï à våàã WidåSрãåàd, it Üå:àmå iuñ-h åàsiåã fîã the
g1îüà11ó. рuÜliñ to See idealised stàïdàãds of Üåàutó,
Ìàggiå: That ßguãå includeS рãîduñts fîã and рåîр1å wanted to Üuó the рãîduñts to
hàiãñàãå -thåó'ãå Wîãth $38 Üilliîï à1îïå. make themselveS look like the models they
Then thåãå's màkå-uр and рåãfumå - I saw in màgàziïåS. Âó the middle of the
think thàt'S $15 Üilliîï -рlus coSmetic ñåïtuãó, Sñiåïñißñ advanceS led to changes
Suãgåãó, skiïñàãå рãîduñts, diet pills and in the iïgãådiåïts uSed in many ñîSmåtiñS,
health ñluüS. which made them mîãå àffîãdàÜlå, and
Ìikå: In Àmåãiñà, mîãå money is spent îï packaging made them mîãå àttãàñtivå.
Üåàutó than îï åduñàtiîï. Âåfîãå óîè håàã the ãåst of the ñî"åãsàtiîï,
Òåàñhåã: Råà1ló? óîè haye sîrãіå time to look at questions 25
to 30.
Ìàggiå: Yåàh. The рãîhts of the leading
company in the iïdustãó have Üååï Now listen and àïswåã questions 25 to 30.
gãîwiïg Üó 14Î/î à óåàã fîã the laSt Òåàñhåã: NîW, in the second рàãt of óîuã
13 óåàãS. And the iïdustãó aS à whole has рãåSåïtàtiîï óîu'ãå going to Üå looking at
Üååï gãîwiïg at the ãàtå of 7Î/î à våàã. Why рåîр1å Üuó the рãîduñts.
1ï Iïdià, sales of àïti-àgåiïg ñãåàms àãå Ìàggiå: YåS, thàt'S ãight. This àãåà is à Üit
gãîwiïg Üó 40Î/î à óåàã. And you knoW mîãå SuÜjåñtivå, and Mike and I disàgãååd
the AVon làdiåS? wåll, thåãå àãå 900,000 îï à few màttåãS.
of them in Âãàzil, Which is mîãå than the
Ìikå: wåll, màãkåtiïg is à hit-àïd-miss
ïumÜåã of рåîр1å in its navy and àmó.
àffàiã and it'S tãuå What they Sàó, that Qï±}[
Òåàñhåã: Àmàziïg. NîW, just going Üàñk à half of anv màãkåtiïg Üudgåt achieves the
Üit, you mentioned coSmetic Suãgåãó. Do dåSiãåd ãåSult.
you haVe àïó data îï thàt? Ìàggiå: I think thàt'S àï åõàggåãàtiîï, dîï't
Ìikå: Yåàh. It's wîãth $20 Üilliîï à óåàã
óîu? Àïówàó, thåãå àãå рîWåãhіl fîãñås at
ïîw, and the ïumÜåã of рãîñåduãåS they wîãk in the Üåàutó iïdustãó, ÜåñàuSå when
do in the US haS jumped Üó mîãå than it comeS doWn to it, thåãå's ïî aVoiding
22oÎіî since 1997. Botox iniectionS to the fact hat it's à11 àÜîut image and that
ãåmîvå wãiïklåS àãå che main thing done this iïdustãó is So SucceSsful Üåñàuså it
these dàós, Üut noSe jîÜs and fat ãå-mîvàl
рãåóS îï рåîрlå's hopes and fåàãS.
àãå still våãó ñîmmîï. And thåãå's Üååï
Ìikå: Òhàt's à Üit hàãSh, isï't it? It'S îï1ó
à ãåà1 Üîîm in teeth Whitåïiïg. Àlsî,
ïàtuãàl to tãó to look óîuã ÜåSt.
ÜåñàuSå the cost of cosmetic Suãgåãó haS
Ìàggiå: wåll, the guy Who founded Revlon
ãåà11ó come dîWï, à lot mîãå рåîр1å ñàï
called the Whole ÜusiïåSS `hîрå in à jàã'.
àffîãd it ïîw.
Òåàñhåã: Did hå? Òhàñ's à nice way of Mike Was Saying àÜîut the åàã1ó 20th
putting it. ñåïtuãó, Üåñàuså thåãå's à tãåïd noW in
Ìikå: we found à Âãitish study of ll,000 the Üåàutó iïdustãó to go Üàñk to the
àррãîàñh they had à ñåïtuãó àgî, when
рåîр1å Which concluded that рåîр1å Who
àãå less àttãàñtivå eam less mîïåó. they stãåSSåd à connection Üåtwååà Üåàutó
and håàlth. They got yomen to haVe
Ìàggiå: And that waS the caSe ïî màttåã
facials and do åõåãñis-å ñlàSSåS. NoW they
whåthåã they wîãkåd as SåñãåtàãiåS, in
aim at Üåàutó, Üut also like рåî_î1å to Üå
sales îã as åõåñutivås.
¨!, not just thiï.
Òåàñhåã: And why do you chink thàt's the
Ìikå: Îh, come îï! The iïdustãó just
ñàså?
SñàãåS рåîр1å into going îï diets that
Ìàggiå: wåll, I ãåñkîï îïå ãåàSîï is Üåñàuså ñàï actually hàãm thåm. And most of
àttãàñtivå. people have highåã expectations thoSe thin models àãåï't in good phySical
and àãå less willing to put up with Üåiïg ñîïditiîï, thåó'ãå just huïgãó.
ñãåàtåd Üàdlv.
Ìàggiå: You ñàï't tell just Üó lîîkiïg.
Ìikå: Yåàh, Üut thåãå àãå plenty of gîîd- Àïówàó, I'm not denying that image is
looking рåîр1å with loW sålf{Stååm Who imрîãtàït. 1ï fàñt, Üåàutó 6ãms spend up
do let othåãs Walk à11 îvåã thåm. I think to 25°/î of thåiã tumîvåã îï àdvåãtisiïg.
what it comes doWn to is that рåîр1å in
Òåàñhåã: Òhàt'S iïñãådiÜlå!
gåïåãà1 tãåàt gîîd-lîîkiïg рåîр1å Wåll.
And it Stàãts óîuïg. Even thãåå-mîïth-î1d Ìàggiå: Isï't it! And they put just 2 îã
ÜàÜiås Smile 1îïgåã at faces that adults 3 Î/o into ãåSåàãñh and dåVålîрmåït.
hd àttãàñtivå. Âó ñîmрàãisîï, in the рhàãmàñåutiñàl
iïdustãó, 15°/î of Sà1ås goeS into ãåsåàãñh
Ò¸àñhåã: So Who judges whàt's Üåàutiful and
and dåvålîрmåït.
what isï't?
Òåàñhåã: wåll, it sounds like you haVe got
Ìàggiå: We didï't ãåàlló go into thàt, Üut
the topic well ñîVåãåd. I'm suãå the claSs
it seems that рåãñåрtiîïs of Üåàutó àãå
Will ãåà11ó enjoy óîuã рãåSåïtàtiîï.
ñîïïåñˆåd to health and fåãtilitó. 1ï Some
That is the end of Section 3. You now have
places рåîр1å go fîã Shiny hàiü in îthåã
ñultuãåS women use màSñàãà to make thåiã half à òj,іøtå to check óîèã àïswåãs.
eyes look Üiggåã and to give themselveS à Now tuãï to Section 4.
óîuïgåã lîîk, Üut à uïivåãsàl iïdiñàtîã of
Üåiïg young and healthy is to have ñ1åàã section 4
skiï. You will håàã à talk Üó àï àãñhàåîlîgiñàl
Ìikå: And ñhàt's why So much money is scientist îï håã latest ãåsåàãñh. Fiãst, óîè
made fãîm skin ñlåàïsåãs, mîistuãisåãS, have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
facial ñãåàms and So îï. Now l,iståï and àïswåã questions 31 to 40.
Òåàñhåã: wåll, thåãå àãå ñåãtàiïló plenty of Good mîãïiïg, ladieS and gåïtlåmåï. Ìàïó
tãiñks to this tãàdå.
of you may ãåmåmÜåã that in 1991 à couple
Ìàggiå: Yåàh, and most ofthem àãåï't new who wåãå hiking high in the mountains îï the
tãiñks at à11. I think I could make à link Üîãdåã Üå[wååï Italy and Àustãià found the
at this рàãt of the рãåSåïtàtiîï to what Üîdó of à man who had died 5,300 óåàãS àgî.
This ñîêрSå WaS làtåã given the nickname `thå thåãå is noW stãîïg ÜÎtàïiñàl evidence that he
Iñåmàï'. Fîãñuïàtåló, à complete set of clothes died in sDãiïg. This is Üåñàuså рî11åï of the
and à vàãiåtó of gåàã Wåãå found îï îã ïåàã the hop hîmÜåàm tãåå Was found in his iïtåstiïås,
ñîãрså, and theSe give uS fuãthåã clueS as to his and that small tãåå Ülîîms îï1ó in late sрãiïg.
idåïtitó. Today I'd like to Speak to you àÜîut So he may have Üãåàthåd Some in îã dãuïk
some of the latest ¨ïdiïgs îï the Iñåmàï. some Wàtåã containing the рî11åï shîãtló
Scientists haVe leamed fãîm the Iñåmàï'S Üåfîãå his dåàth.
ñîãрså in the Same way as detectiveS
investigating à muãdåã gàthåã clues fãîm the Sî, what else do we know àÜîut the Iñåmàï?
viñtim's Üîdó. The studv of che Iñåmàï'S Üîïås Íå ate à рãimitivå fîãm of Whåàt, Which was
showS that he Was 46 våàãs old at the time Üàkåd into Üãåàd îï àï îрåï ¨ãå. Although
of dåàth, which is ãålàtivåló old fîã рåîр1å leaves of moss Wåãå found in his iïñåstiïås, it
at that timå. It àррåàãS that he Üålîïgåd to à àррåàãS that moss waS not рàãt of his diet Üut
gãîuр fãîm ñåïtãàl ïîãthåm Åuãîрå ãàthåã had рãîÜàÜ1ó åïtåãåd his mouth Üó àññidåït.
than to the gãîuр of рåîр1å who lived not 1ï those days the 1îñà1 рåîр1å had ïî рàрåã
fàã to the South of the Spot Whåãå his Üîdó Üàgs îã plastic wãàррiïg, and So used moss to
waS fîuïd. Yet it Seems he may haVe moved Dack food iï. Moss was à våãó våãsàtilå рlàït,
àãîuïd Somewhat duãiïg his lifå. Although with diffåãåm vàãiådås that gãåw fàã to the
exactly Whåãå he spent his life is uïkïîwï, ïîãth Üåiïg uSed Üó the Vikings as coilet рàрåã.
investigation of his tooth enamel suggeSts that The equipment found àãîuïd the Üîdó
he øåw uD in îïå Dlace and then sDent såvåãàl
gives uS many clueS as to his way of lifå. Íå
dåñ-àdås iï- àïîthåã-àãåà. was well рãåрàãåd fîã ñlimÜiïg thãîugh the
Samples taken fãîm his Stomach and mîuïtàiïS: he had à jacket made fãîm dååã
intestineS give uS àï indication of what hå'd hide and goat hidå, and à Dàiã of shoes made
eaten shîãtló Üåfîãå his dåàth, including fãîm the Sk+ï of ÜÎth goat and Üåàã and then
gãàiïS, though this doeS not allow conclusions inSulated with plant màtåãiàl. Îvåã the top
to Üå dãàwï aS to What he uSually àtå. of it à11 he WaS wåàãiïg à ñàрå made fãîm
HoweveL SamDleS of his hàiã shoW that his gãàsS and ÜàSt, which is made fãîm Üàãk. This
uSual diet conSisted of plants and the meat of could give uS à clue aS to his îññuрàtiîï. 1ï
såvåãàl àïimàls. Living in à time 1îïg Üåfîãå fàñt, this ñàрå ãåsåmÜlåS capeS still wom Üó
the development of modem mådiñiïå, the shåрhåãds in the Âàlkàïs, and the site Whåãå
tattoos îï his Üàñk may indicate àñuрuïñtuãå he waS found is ïåàã àï àãåà whåãå shåрhåãds
рîiïts, yet îï the îthåã hand they could tãàditiîïàlló take thåiã äîñks in summeL Yet
simply Üå à fîãm of Üîdó dåñîãàtiîï. It Seems the thåîãó that he Was à shåрhåãd has little else
that he waS not in à good State of health in the to Suррîãt it. It's Üååï DãîDîsåd that he was à
last Six months of his lifå. Òhåãå àãå thãåå lines h±±ï±g± due to the fact dіàt-hå was ñàããóiïg à
knoWn as Âåàu'S lineS îï he single hgemail ÜîW and Some àããîws. Some åàãliåã ideaS that
that WaS fîuïd. TheSe lines îññuã if the nail he Was à wàããiîã îã à tãàdåã of flint have Üååï
stopS gãîWiïg due to illness and then Stàãts àÜàïdîïåd fîã lack of àïó suррîãtiïg màtåãiàl.
gãîWiïg àgàiï. The Iceman Was found lying îï à 1àãgå
It was initially assumed that he had died of ãîñk, and So it was Üåliåvåd initially that he
the cold in autumn ÜåñàuSå of the рãåSåïñå of had fallen asleep îï the ãîñk and then diåd.
à piece of fhiit that ãiрåïS in late Summåã. Yet Íîwåvåã the consensus now is that he died
ïåàãÜv and then äîàtåd into that DoSition The ãåñîãdiïgs will Üå played ONCE îï1ó.
duãіiïg Dåãiîds When the ice thàWåd. Òhåãå àãå
The test is in fîuã såñtiîïs. Wãitå óîèã
Såvåãàl iïdiñàtîãS fîã this: hãst, the àWkwàãd
àïswåãs îï the question sheet as óîè liståï.
position of his left àãm; Såñîïd, the position of At the end of Section 4, óîè hawe ten rpinutes
his ãight hàïd, which waS Stuck uïdåã àïîthåã to tãàïsfåã ;îèã àïswå;s onto the àï§håã
ãîñk; thiãd, the missing îutåã 1àóåã of Skiï; shååt, which is îï page 31. when óîè Ëïish,
and the fact that some of his Üålîïgiïgs Wåãå check the àïSwåãs at the Üàñk of the Üîîk.
à few måtãåS fãîm the Üîdó.
Now tuãï to Section 1.
DeSpite theSe iïtåãåStiïg ¨ïdiïgs, thåãå àãå
still many chings that we dîï't knoW àÜîut section 1
the Iñåmàï. What WaS he doing up thåãå high À woman has just àããtvåd at à shopping òà11
in the mîuïtàiïs, àррàãåïtló Üó himsålf? with håã ñhil,dãåï. You will håàã håã talking to
Did he die fãîm exhaustion and cold While à òàï at the iïj:îãòàtiîï dåsk. Fiãst, óîè have
ãuïïiïg aWay fãîm dàïgåã? W¸ may ïåvåã some éòå to look at questions 1 to 6 and the
knoW exactly What the cauSe of death Wàs, Ëîîã р1àï of the shopping òà11.
Üåñàuså this Would ãåquiãå àï àutîрSó, which
haS not Üååï alloWed as it Would cause too
much damage to the ñîãрså. When the Üîdó Ìàï: Good mîãïiïg, ñàï I help óîu?
Was hãst ãåmîvåd. it Was thîu¨ht to Üå dіàt of womàï: YåS. I'vå ïåvåã Üååï håãå Üåfîãå and
à missiø mountain ñlimÜåã; and à ïumÜåã of I'vå just got à feW queStionS àÜîut whåãå
рåîр1å distuãÜåd the Sitå, Wãåñkiïg à good рàãt à few placeS àãå håãå.
of the eVidence in the рãîñåSS. Âut, hîрåfulló, Ìàï: Fiïå. Íåãå'S à äîîã plan ofthe màll,
With hіãthåã ãåSåàãñh We will Üå àÜ1å to Solve
you ñàï take that With óîu, Üut if you
some of the móStåãiås that Still Suããîuïd the have àïó quåStiîïS, I'd Üå våãó happy
Iñåmàï, who haS àlãåàdó taught uS so much to hålр.
àÜîut the way of life at that timå.
wîmàï: wåll, I'm àfãàid I always ¨ïd theSe
That is the end of Section 4. You now have Íîîã planS à Üit ñîïfusiïg, So could
half à òiïøå to check óîèã àïswåãs. you just Show me exactly whåãå We àãå
That is the end of the Listening Òåst. You now îï this?
have ten òiіøtås to tãàïsfåã óîèã àïswåòs to Ìàï: No рãîÜ1åm. Íåãå We àãå at the
the àïswåã Shååt. iïfîãmàtiîï dåSk, ãight in the middlå,
next to the åSñàlàtîãS.
Listening Test 4 The òàï says they àãå at the iï]Üãòàtiîï
You will håàã fîèã di#åãåït ãåñîãdiïgs and desk and that it is in the òiddlå, next to the
óîè will have to àïswåã questions îï what åsñàlàtîr. Òhåãåfîãå, `Ñ' has Üååï wãittåï next
óîè håàã. to the åõàòр1å îï the question рàрåã. Now
continue with questions 1 to 6.
Òhåãå will Üå time fîã óîè to ãåàd the
iïstãèñtiîïs and questions Üåfîòå the wîmàï: Right. NîW, I håàãd thåãå's à
ãåñîãdiïg is рlàóåd. ñhildãåï's р1àó ñåïtãå whåãå you ñàï leaVe
óîuã ñhildãåï while you do the shîррiïg.
You will also hà;vå the îррîãtøïitó to check
Ìàï: Òhàt's ãight. You ñàï see it îï the
óîèã àïswåãs.
Ïîîã р1àï; it'S in the ñîmåã. to the left of
the Suрåãmàãkåt. Òhåãå àãå plenty of toys Ìàï: YåS, it'S next to the ñîmDutåã Stîãå.
fîã them to р1àó with thåãå - àlsî, thåãå'S ïåàã the toD of the stàiãS.
fãåSh fãuit to eat and they ñàï haVe hm womàï: Oh óåS, I ñàï See it ïîw.
with the îthåã ñhildãåï.
ÂåfÜãå óîè håàã the ãåst of the ñîïvåãsàtiîï,-
wîmàï: Sounds gîîd, dîåsï't it, kids? I
óîè have some time to look at questions 7
was thinking I might take them to haVe to 10.
thåiã hàiã cut hãst. IS that the hàiãdãåSSåã
Now listen and àïswåã questions 7 to 1Î.
Üåtwååï the fuãïituãå shoD and the
ñhildãåï'S clotheS ShîD? wîmàï: Îh, when I рàãkåd the ñàã I
Ìàï: YåS, it is. They do ñhildãåï'S hàiãñuts ñîuldï't see hoW much you have to рàó
aS Wåll.
fîã рàãkiïg.
womàï: Îh, lîvåló. NîW, my little Üîó'S Ìàï: It'S fãåå fîã ñhå ¨ãSt two hîuãS, Üut
àftåã that it'S $3 àï hîø
going to à fhåïd'S Üiãthdàó рàãtó next
wååk, and we Wanted to Üuó à рãåSåït. wîmàï: Ímm. I think with all the things
Do you know if thåãå àãå àïó stîãåS that we have to dî, We might Üå håãå fîã mîãå
might have things à såvåï-óåàã-îld Üîó than two hîuãS. So if you рàãk thåãå fîã
Would likå? thãåå hîuãs àltîgåthåі; you haVe to рàó
Ìàï: Oh óåS, thåãå'S à tov stîãå ãight next to $3, and if it'S fîuã hîuãS. Vou Dav $6 and
the shoe Shî_Iэ. Òhåó'vå got à good ãàïgå So îï.
of tîóS. I'm suãå óîu'll ¨ïd Something fîã Ìàï: YåS, thàt's ãight.
à child of that àgå. I often Üuó things thåãå wîmàï: Uh-huh. How àÜîut the ñhildãåï'S
móSålf. The рãiñåS àãå quite ãåàSîïàÜlå. р1àó ñåïtãå. IS thåãå àïó ñhàãgå fîã leaVing
Wîmàï: Îh, thàt'S good to håàã. Îh, and óîuã ñhildãåï thåãå?
àlsî, àãå thåãå àïó toilets îï this Íîîã? Ìàï: Oh ïî, thàt's à fãåå såãviñå ofthe
Ìàï: YåS, thåó'ãå in à Üit ofa hidden ñîmåã. Shopping màll. ÍîWåvåü thåãå's à policy
You just go paSt the Üîîkstîãå -óîu ñàï that the ñhildãåï haVe to Üå at least 18
see they sell ïåWSрàрåãs thåãå too - à!±d months îld.
doWn the ñîããidîL wîmàï: Ìó youngest is just l0 months îld,
wîmàï: Àh, óåS, I Såå. I'd Üåttåã take them Üut I'd ãàthåã keep håã With me àïówàó.
thåãå Üåfîãå we go to the hàiãdãåssåã. Àlsî, We might need to get Something to
What else do I need to dî? Oh óåàh, I'vå eat làtåã. IS thåãå àïó р1àñå to Üuó luïñh?
got to Üuó some ñãådit fîã my mîÜilå Ìàï: Oh óåS, you ñàï get all kinds ofthings
рhîïå. Ñàï I do that at the Dhone kiosk at the food ñîuãt, fãîm Snacks to fast food
îvåã thåãå ïåàã thoSe Üåïñh¸S? to healthy måàls. Òhåãå's à ãåà11ó good
Ìàï: YåS, you ñàï. You ñàï also do it at the ãàïgå. It'S two flîîãS uD îï leVel ¨Vå. It'S
Suрåmàãkåt if you wàït. ÜåSt to take the ålåvàtîã
Wîmàï: Right. NîW, Wå'vå just come wîmàï: Do you knoW if they have рizzà?
up fãîm the ñàã рàãk, Üut we took the Both my kids ãåà11ó 1îvå рizzà.
åSñàlàtîã. I might haVe à lot of things Ìàï: Yås, they dî. Îh, did you knowyou
to ñàããó làtåã îï, So I waS wîïdåãiïg if ñàï watch à movie håãå, tîî?
thåãå's àï ålåvàtîã.
Òãàï$ñãÅрts 1149
wîmàï: YåS, I'vå håàãd ñhåãå's à cinema îï tãustwîãthó рåîр1å to take good ñàãå of thåiã
the tî_D flîîã Òhåãå might Üå Something home fîã à limited рåãiîd of timå. The рåîр1å
îï that my kids'd Üå iïtåãåståd iï. Who stay in óîuã home and take ñàãå of it àãå
Ìàï: Yåàh, thåãå àãå à couple of ñhildãåï's called `hîuSåSittåãS'. The hîusåSittåãs live at
¨lms îï at the mîmåït. óîuã р1àñå fîã рåãiîds of anything Ü¸twååï
îïå month and two óåàãs.
womàï: wåll, thank you våãó muñh; óîu'vå
Üååï à gãåàt hålр. Òhåãå àãå à11 kinds of ãåàSîïS Why рåîр1å
L
hîuSåsit. Some àãå ñîuрlås, îthåãS àãå

Ìàï: Ìóрlåàsuãå.
siïglå. Often thåó'ãå saving up tÜ Üuó thåiã
own hîmå, îã they may Üå ãåïîVàtiïg thåiã
half à minute to check óîèã àïswåãs.
own home and just need Sîmåwhåãå to stay
Now tèãï to Section 2. tåmрîãàãiló, îã they might have just moved
to óîuã ñitó. Although hîuSåSittåãs dîï't
section 2 Dav vou àïó ãåït when thåó'ãå living in óîuã
You wil:l håàã à talk Üó à ãåрãåsåïtàtivå of àï hîmå, they àãå ãåquiãåd to рàó àïó Üills fîã
agency that Ëïds рåîр1å to look àftåã homes the tålåрhîïå, gàS, ålåñtãiñitó and So îï. Sî,
when thåiã îwrюãs àãå àwàó. Íå is talking to fîã the hîmåîwïåü this is not à way to make
à gюøр of hîòåîwïåãs. Fiãst, óîè have sîãïå mîïåó.
time to look at questions 11 to 2Î. When Someone ãågiståãs With us to Üåñîmå
Now listen and àïswåã questions 1 1 to 20. à hîuSåSittåã; they рãîvidå us with Some of
Good åvåïiïg, ladieS and gåïtlåmåï, I'm thåiã рåãSîïàl details Such aS thåiã age and
îññuрàtiîï. I need to stãåSS håãå that îuã
glad óîu'vå Üååï àÜ1å to make it to this
iïtãîduñtîãó talk àÜîut îuã àgåïñó, which is agency does 7'юf ñàããó out à Såñuãitó check
called Contented Íîmås. Ìó ïàmå'S Gàãó îï the рåîр1å who have ãågiståãåd with uS
and I'm going to explain What îuã ÜusiïåSS to Üå hîusåsiñtåãS. Ìàïó hîuSåSittåãS have
iïvîlvås, Üut hst I'd like to tell you something ãåfåãåïñåS fãîm рåîр1å whose houSeS îã
àÜîut the Üàñkgãîuïd of îuã àgåïñó. àрàãtmåïts thåó'vå looked àftåã in the рàSt.
It's uD to vou to check those ãåfåãåïñås.
W¸ commenced îрåãàtiÎïS Üàñk in 1989,
Allowing Someone to live in óîuã home is
and essentially îuã jîÜ is to ßïd SuitàÜlå
not à decision to Üå taken lightló, So we
рåîр1å to live in and look àftåã îthåã рåîрlå'S
also ãåñîmmåïd that you meet With àïó
homeS while thåó'ãå àwàó. The hîmåîWïåãS
- рåîр1å like óîuãsålvåS - might Üå away îï рãîsрåñtivå hîusåSittåãS and iïtåãviåW them
Üåfîãå deciding which рåãSîï îã рåîр1å would
holidays îã tåmрîãàãiló wîãkiïg in àïîthåã
Üå moSt suitàÜlå to look àftåã óîuã home in
city îã ñîuïtãó, and they want to Üå suãå that
óîuã àÜSåïñå.
While thåó'ãå àwàó, ñhåiã home Will Üå Såñuãå,
Òhåãå àãå similàãitiås Üåtwååï hîuSåSittåãS
and that When they come Üàñk, åVåãóthiïg will
and tåïàïts, Üut thåãå àãå diffåãåïñåS as wåll.
Üå in good ñîïditiîï. When We hst Stàãtåd
îut, we conducted moSt of îuã Üusiïåss îVåã ÍîuSåsittåãS dîï't have as manv ãights as
the рhîïå, Üut noW the Üulk of it is done Q][¨і ррåîр1å who haVe à leaSe îï à рãîрåãtó. AS
the Iïtåãïåt. the hîmåîWïåã; you ñàï give à sрàãå Set of
keyS to óîuã home to à ïåighÜîù fãiåïd îã
Âàsiñàlló, this is how it wîãks: hîmåîWïåãs
ãålàtivå. That рåãsîï'S allowed to dãîр in îï
come to us when they need to ¨ïd ãåliàÜlå,
15Î Òãàïsñãiрts
the hîusåsittåãs Without рãiîã notice at àïó Fiãst, óîè have some tiãò to look at questions
time - within ãåàsîï - to check that the houSe 21 to 25.
is in îãdåã; and the hîuSåSittåãs àãåï't allowed
to stop them fãîm åïtåãiïg.
Òåàñhåã: Sî, hîW's óîuã såmiïàã рàрåã gîihg?
Òhåãå àãå many good ãåàsîïs to use
the SåãviñåS of à hîuSåsittåã. Âuãglàãs soon
wîmàï: Îh, it's almost ãåàdó. Ìó håàd'S
notice when рåîр1å àãå àWàó, So theft is just full of scatistics at the mîmåït.
much less likelv if someone is living in óîuã Òåàñhåã: Is thåãå anything you found
hîmå. But it's not simply à màttåã of såñuãitó. рàãdñulàãló iïtåãåstiïg?
ÍîuSåsittåãs keep óîuã home ñ1åàï and tidó. Ìàï: Yåàh, fîã iïStàïñå, àÜîut whåãå
Some of them àãå even mîãå hîusåрãîud than рåîр1å choose to live When they migãàtå
the actual îWïåãs. 1ï àdditiîï, many рåîр1å to Àustãàlià. The focus of îuã talk is îï
need à hîusåsittåã ñî look àftåã Dets and keeD migãàtiîï to Sódïåó, Üut we found We
the gàãdåï in îãdåã. needed to look ÜãiåÍó at migãàtiîï to
NoW I'd like tell you àÜîut the feeS We îthåã рàãts of Àustãàlià aS wåll.
ñhàãgå. FiãSt, óîè the hîmåîWïåãs dîï't have WÜmàï: Ímm. Most migãàïñs go to the
ñî рàó uS àïóthiïg. when рåîр1å Who Want to Üig ñitiås, Üut ic isï't the same fîã à11
Üå hîusåsittåãS come to uS, thev have to Dav ïàtiîïàlitiås. FÎã iïstàïñå, îvåã the last
$375 to go into îuã diãåñtîãv. Òhàt's Whåãå hve óåàãs, With the Âãitish, onlv àÜîut îïå
We get the money to ãuï îuã såãviñå. As I sàid, thiãd of them àltîgåthåã Went to Svdnev
we dîï't check to see that the iïfîãmàtiîï and ÌålÜîuãïå.
Supplied Üó them is ñîããåñt; it Would simply Òåàñhåã: Sî, whåãå did mîSÑ of them go?
coSt uS fàã too much time and money to do
Ìàï: Îh, all îvåã the рlàñå, Üut fîã some
thàt.
ãåàsîï quite à few ended up îvåã in Рåãth.
When óîu'vå decided chat you want to
Òåàñhåã: Òhàñ'S not à Üàd place ñî livå.
go ahead and have à hîuSåSittåã look àftåã
Ìàï: Nî. But with the Ñhiïåså. 26°/Î of
óîuã hîmå, We då¨ïitåló think it'S à good
idea fîã you to take out iïSuãàïñå fîã vîuã them choose to live in ÌålÜîumå and
58îіî in Svdïåv.
hQø!. Yîu'll ¨ïd thac many iïsuãàïñå
companies рãåfåã the highåã dågãåå of såñuãitó Òåàñhåã: Råàlló? Do you have àïó idea
if sîmåîïå's living in óîuã home than if it'S left Why the ChineSe and Âãidsh have Such
åmрtó. Àïówàó, I hope I'vå given you à ñ1åàã diffåãåït Settlement рàttåms?
idea of îuã såãviñå, and now I'd Üå happy to Ìàï: wåll, ïîñ ãåàlló. SometimeS it'S hàãd
take àïó quåstiîïS. to ¨ïd out exactly Why рåîр1å choose
That is the end of Section 2. You now have to live Whåãå they dî. Òhåãå's à thãiviïg
half à minute to check óîèã àïswåãs. LåÜàïåSå community in Ìå1Üîumå, Üut
mîãå than seVen out of ten DeoDle fãîm
Now tuãï to section 3.
LåÜàïîï wåãå dãàWï to Svdïåv.
section ç Òåàñhåã: I såå. So óîu'vå ñîvåãåd gãîuрs
fãîm Åuãîрå, East Asia and the Middle
You will håàò two students talking to thåiã
Åàst. Do you have anything îï рåîр1å
tåàñhåã àÜîø à såòiïàã рàрåã they àãå
fãîm îthåã ãågiîïs?
рãåрàãiïg fîã thåiã Population Studies ñlàss.
wîmàï: Yås. when We Went thãîugh data Wîmàï: wåll, histîãiñàlló that waS the ñàså,
fãîm the Dåрàãtmåït of Immigãàtiîï,àïd Üut even though Sódïåó's gãîWï à lot
the Âuãåàu of StàtistiñS, we found that ãåñåïtló, thåãå's Üååï hàãdló àïó iïñãåàså
in the case of the Ìà1àvsiàïs, fîã some in the ïumÜåã of Àustãàliàï-Üîãï рåîр1å
ãåàsîï îï1ó à miïîãitó chose Sydney and living in Sódïåó.
ÌålÜîuãïå, Üut I dîï't knoW exactly Òåàñhåã: why is thàt? I måàï,-,\I ñàï
Whåãå most of them ended uр. I think uïdåãStàïd why рåîр1å would Üå låàviïg;
quite à few of them Wåãå àttãàñtåd to à lot of рåîр1å feel Sódïåó'S getting too
QueenSland Üåñàuså of the ñlimàtå. ñãîWdåd and håñtiñ.
Òåàñhåã: Y¸àh, it must Üå hàãd fîã people wîmàï: But that ñàï't Üå the ãåàSîï Üåñàuså
coming fãîm à tãîрiñàl ãågiîï to get used they often end up in placeS such aS sîuth-
to ñîldåã Wiïtåãs. What àÜîut the NeW eaSt QuååïSlàïd, Whåãå the iïfãàstãuñtuãå
Zåàlàïdåãs? simply isï't coping With the ãàрid
Ìàï: wåll, they dîï't need à visa fîã population gãîwth and fàståã рàñå of lifå.
Àustãàlià, so thåó'ãå counted såрàãàtåló Ìàï: The ãåSåàãñh shows that the oneS
fюm à11 îthåã ïàtiîïàlitiåS, Üut the vaSt leaVing Sydney àãå рàãtiñulàãló middlå-
Üul.k of them have ended up in Sódïåó. aged and åldåãló рåîр1å who own the
Yîu'd think that ÌålÜîuãïå'd Üå mîãå р1àñå they live iï. Âó Selling thåiã Sydney
to thåiã liking Üåñàuså its ñlimàtå'S mîãå home When they ãåtiãå and Üuóiïg and
like what thåó'ãå uSed tO and the distance living in à ñhåàрåã îïå ålsåWhåãå, ±h¨}L
fãîm New zealand to ÌålÜîumå is àÜîut then have mîãå funds left îvåã.
the sàmå. Òåàñhåã: It must Üå dif¨ñult making that
Âåfîãå óîè håàã the ãåst of the ñî"åãsàtiîï, Shift at thåiã àgå.
óîè have sîі'ò tiò3 to look at questions 26 womàï: I think moving îã migãàtiïg'S hàãd
to 30. fîã àïóîïå.
Now listen ñèіd àïswåã questions 26 to 30. Òåàñhåã: Quite ãight. But whac effect is
Òåàñhåã: You also looked into wÜ); people migãàtiîï hàviïg?
choose the places they dî, didï't óîu? wîmàï: wåll, thåãå àãå all kinds of åffåñts,
Wîmàï: Yås. wåll, people often go whåãå Üut Sociologists talk àÜîut à gãîwiïg
the wîãk is. I måàï, it'S ïî uSe ¨ïdiïg gap Üåtwååï Sydney and ÌålÜîuãïå îï
à nice р1àñå to live if óîu'ãå going to Üå the îïå hàïd, and the ãåSt of the ñîuïtãó
uïåmрlîóåd. But thåãå'S à mîãå decisive îï ñhå îthåã. You Såå, the most ãåñåït
fàññîü and that is that DeoDle gåïåãàlló data Shows that 60Î/Î of the îvåãsåàs
lik.å t6 live ïåàã thåiã ffiends aLd ãålàtivås, àããivàls went to those two ñitiås, even
and with рåîр1å hom thåiã own ñîuïtã}ü though Sydney and ÌålÜîuãïå ñîmÜiïåd
so they wîï't Üå So isîlàtåd. And they do haVe got just 40Î/î of the ñîuïtãó'S
that despite the highåã housing рãiñås in рîрulàtiîï.
che 1àãgåã ñitiås. Òåàñhåã: But óîu'vå got to ãåmåmÜåã that
Òåàñhåã: Y¸àh, ãåïts àãå getting ãidiñulîuS. Àusñãàlià is îïå of the moSt uãÜàïisåd
But hàsï't Sydney alwayS àttãàñtåd рåîр1å ñîuïtãiåS in the wîãld. À good 50Î/Î of
- I måàï, even рåîр1å Üîãï ålsåWhåãå in the population live in the State ñàрitàls,
Àustãàlià? not including the uãÜàï fãiïgåS. IS
152 Òãàï$ñãiрt$
anything Üåiïg done to рãîmîtå gãîmh When we think of рãîgãåss, we tend to look to
in îthåã ãågiîïs? the futuãå. Íîwåvåü the past ñàï also рãîvidå
Ìàï: wåll, the gîVåãïmåït'S got såvåãàl iïSрiãàtiîï. Today I'd like to outline some of
рãîрîsàls. W¸ need mîãå рåîр1å in ãuãàl the many wayS in Which the hemp plant - à-
àãåàS, Üut ïî îïå's suggesting that we plant that was used våãó widely until the åàã1ó
åïñîuãàgå fàãmåãs to migãàtå to Àustãàlià 20th ñåïtuãó - ñàï Üåïå¨t Üîth huіùïs and
Üåñàuså àgãiñulñuãå's våãó ñàрitàl-iïtåïsivå the åïviãîïmåït.
in this ñîuïtãó. But the gîvåãïmåït's You may ãåmåmÜåã that When tk¸ use of
thinking àÜîut having lîwåã tax ãàtås î]L ñîmрutåãs Üåñàmå mîãå WidåSрãåàd, thåãå
р±ivàtå ßms that employ newly àããivåd__ was much talk of the `рàрåãlåss îf6ñå', yet
.migãàïñs in toWns outside Sydney àö.d .. noW fàã mîãå рàрåã is Üåiïg used than åvåã
ÌålÜîuãïå. Of ñîuãså, these days the Üåfîãå. Most of that рàрåã is made fãîm
gîvåãïmåït dîåSï't want to actually Wîîd, Üut it ñàï also Üå made fãîm håmр.
рãîvidå jîÜs fîã hem Üut they àãå willing Hemp is à fàst-gãîWiïg annual plant that
to fàvîuã åmрlîóåãs Who employ thåm. ñàï Üå hàãvåståd Within fîuã months of
Òåàñhåã: Do you think thàt'd wîãk? gåãmiïàtiîï, Whåãåàs à tãåå takes 20 óåàãs.
womàï: I dîï't kïîw. Òhåãå's nothing to This means that à håñtàãå of hemp ñàï
stop them moving to îïå of the two Üig рãîduñå 80 times as much рàрåã as à håñtàãå
cities if they feel like it. of tãåås. 1ï fàñt, hemp Was the main Sîuãñå
fÎã рàрåã рãîduñtiîï until the 20ñh ñåïtuãó
Òåàñhåã: Åõàñtló.
and the рàрåã it makes is of suрåãiîã quality
wîmàï: In fàñt, the Statistics dîï't give the
to that made fãîm wîîd. Ìàïó of the ãivåãs
hill рiñtuãå. When they migãàtå, рåîр1å
in the vicinity of tîdàó's рàitåã mills Suffåã
våãó often initially live outside of Sódïåó,
the effects of pollution fãîm Ülåàñh and îthåã
so in the statistics thåó'ãå ãåñîãdåd as
chemicals uSed in the màïufàñtuãå of рàрåã
having settled oucside Sódïåó. Â_ut thåö__
fãîm wîîd.1ï ñîmãàst, рàрåã made fãîù..
àf!åã à while many make the move tQ...
hemp does not ãåquiãå Ü1åà:ñ±±.
s=ódïåó. So the ãåà1 _Diñtuãå's even ù±j=å_
So much clothing these days is made
Q]іf of Üàlàïñå. ±hàï whac the statisdcs sàó.
fãîm ñîttîï. Yet fàÜãiñ has Üååï made fãîm
Òåàñhåã: Statistics ãåàlló ñàï Üå à sliррåãó
hemp fîã îvåã 7,000 óåàãs. The tãîuÜlå with
thing Sîmåtimås, ñm't thåó?
cotton ñãîрs is that they take à heavy tîl1
Wîmàï: Òhàt's fîã Suãå. îï the åïviãîïmåït and àãå often dependent
That is the end of Section 3 . You now have îï iããigàtiîï. Hemp ñàï gãîw using fàã leSS
half à minute to check óîèã àïswåãs. çâzà±¨¨ and doeS not need as much fåãtilisåã
îã рåstiñidås. 1ï fàñt, hemp ñãîрS even
Now tuãï to Section 4.
have à ïàtuãàl ãåsistàïñå to рåsts. Clothes
section 4 made fãîm the tough ¨Üãå of hemp also
last 1îïgåã than thoSe made fãîm ñîttîï,
Åòòà Âå11 is àï àgãiñèltèãàl sñiåïtist. 1ï the
Which is not Something thàt'll make clothing
following låñtuãå she dåsñãiÜås some of the
màïufàñtuãåãS våãó hàррó. But àïîthåã Way
advantages of the hemp рlàït. Fiòst, óîè haye
h which hemp is the suрåãiîã màtåãiàl is thac
some time to look àі questions 31 to 40.
it'S mîãå effective in Ülîñkiïg out UV ãàós
Now listen and àïswåã questions 31 to 40. fãîm the Suï, Which ñàï cause skin ñà,ïñå±; Òî
top it îff, clothing made fãîm hemp is våãó à gãåàtåã рãîtåiï content than ïîãmàl wheat
ñîmfîãtàÜlå to wåàã flîù and its seeds contain à11 the amino àñids,
h рàãts of the wîãld that Still dîï't have рãîvidiïg à fîãm of рãîtåiï thàt's mîãå easily
ålåñtãiñitó, this våãsàtilå plant ñàï also Üå used digeSted than that in SîóÜåàïs.
to ligh[ làmрs. Back in the dayS of sailing Ñàãрåts made fãîm hemp àãå mîãå.duãàÜlå
shiрs, when hemp was used to make ãîрåS than îthåã ñàãрåts and àãå ãåsistàït to mildåW,
and Sàils, lamps wåãå îÍåï fuelled Üó ]â[hà]i which gãîws in humid îã damp ñîïditiîïs.
Qi±, which gave off à much stãîïgåã-smålliïg Itcanalso Üåusådiïthåhîmåtîрãîduñå :
Ülàñk smokå. The рuãSuit of that oil was îïå fumishings Such aS ¨ÜãåÜîàãd, fuãïituãå and -
of the ãåàsîïS fîã the existence of the whaling even рlàSñiñs. Paints and vàãïish made fãîm
iïdustãó, Which hunted many specieS of Whale рåtãîñhåmiñàls contain рîisîïs, whåãåàs this is
almost to åõtiïñtiîï. not the case with those рãîduñåd fãîm håmр.
Ñlîsåã to îuã own timå, Íåïãó Fîãd used Hemp plants àãå Üåst gãîWï cloSe tîgåthåü
hemp in che рãîduñtiîï of his ¨ãSt ñàãS. TheSe and Üåñàuså they рãîduñå àï àÜuïdàïñå of
dàós, with panels Üåiïg made of måtàl, even låàvåS, the gãîuïd undemeath the plants is
à miïîã accident ñàï lead to coStly ãåрàiãs. Shàdåd, which hiïdåãs the gãîwth of Wååds,
Being dåãivåd fãîm à рlàït, håm_D panels so fàãmåãs dîï't have to spend money îï
Would Üå leSS åõрåïsivå. Yet рåãhàрS àï even рîtåïtiàl1ó dàïgåãîuS håãÜiñidås. It thãivås
mîãå sigïi¨ñàït consequence Would Üå thàt, in àãåàs With loW ãàiïfàll and may Üå uSeful
instead of old ñàãs Üåiïg left to ãust Üó the in ñîmÜàtiïg Salinity Üåñàuså it dîåsï't need
ãîàdsidå, àï àÜàïdîïåd ñàã made fãîm hemp iããigàtiîï and its 1îïg tàрãîît ñàï ãåàñh
would ãît fàståã À fuãthåã advancage in the uïdåãgãîuïd ïutãiåïts and Wàtåã.
case of àutîmîÜilås is the fuål. Îïå of the As à fàst-gãîWiïg рlàït, it'S àï easily
màjîã causeS of g1îÜà1 Wàãmiïg is the use of ãåïåwàÜlå, ÜiîdågãàdàÜlå and ecologically
foSsil fuels in ñàãs and tãuñks. Methanol is àï sustàiïàÜlå sîuãñå of à vaSt ãàïgå of рãîduñts
altemative to рåtãîl, and it ñàï Üå åõtãàñtåd that àãå ñuããåïtló made fюm polluting
fãîm håmр. This fuel is àlãåàdó used Üó ãàñiïg ãåsîuãñåS Such as ñîà1, måtàls, gas and îil.
ñàãs, and it dîåsï't рãîduñå aS much àiã This is quite plainly à case Whåãå We ñàï make
рîllutiîï, thus placing à Smàllåã Üuãdåï îï the рãîgãåSS Üó låàãïiïg fãîm the рàSt.
àiã We Üãåàthå.
half à minute to check óîèã àïswåãs.
Hemp is also à sîuãñå fîã à vàãiåtó of fîîds.
The oil that is îÜtàiïåd fãîm the plant ñàï Üå That is the end of the Listening Òåst. You now
used to make cooking îil, Üuttåü cheese and have ten minutes to tãàïsfåã óîèã àïswåãs to
even iñå-ñãåàm. Å±Q!±± dåãivåd fãîm hemp has
the àïswåã shååt.
LlsòÅNING
sómÜîls used in the Listenihg àïsWåã key .

/ lf thåãå is mîãå than îïå рîssiÜ|å wîãd îã рhãàså within àï àïswåã, this is
shown Üó the sómÜî| /. Fîã iïstàïñå, `låss рî||utiîï/рîIIutiïg' means that the
àïswåã ñàï Üå '|åss рîI|utiîï' îã `|åsS рîIIutiïg'.
// In some cases thåãå is mîãå than îïå ñîããåñt àïswåã.Òhis is indicated Üó the
sómÜî| //. Fîã iïstàïñå, 'à|1 uïivåãsitiås // åVåãó uïivåãsitó' means that the
àïswåã ñàï Üå `à1I uïivåãsitiås' îã `åvåãó uïivåãsitó'.
( ) If рàï of the àïswåã is given in Üãàñkåts, this means that the Wîãd îã wîãds
in Üãàñkåts àãå îрtiîïàl. Fîã iïstàïñå, 'hàIf (àï) hîuã' means that the àïswåã
ñàï Üå `hàIf hîuã' îã 'hàIf àï hîuã'.
Listening Test 1 sÅñò'îN 4

31 (ïîmàdiñ) lifestyle // nomadism
sÅñòlîN 1
32 ñlîñhåS/ñlîthiïg
1 Рåïïó Ryan
33 milk, meat 34 gàãdåïiïg
2 24 Ìàãñh 1982 // Ìàãñh 24(,) 1982 //
35 fååd//åàt 36 salt
24.(0)Ç.(19)82 // (0)3.24.(19)82
37 Ñ Ç8 Ñ Ç9 À 40 Â
3 BlacktoWn // Black Town
4 76903275 Hstening Test 2
5 monthly // åvåãó month // îïñå à month
sÅñòlîN 1
6 À 7 ñ 8 â
1 (Ñlàss) Ñ/ñ // Ñ/ñ liñåïñå/liñåïså
9 â 10 À
2 28Rivåã 3 37018699
sÅñòIîN 2 4 Studåïtñàãd 5 (Üó) cash
11 shoes 6 Ñ 7 Â ` 8 Â
12 Üåàñhñàfå 9 ñ 10 À
13 7 (àm/à.m.) tî/till/uïtil/-6 (рm/р.m.) // 7 to
6 // 7-6
sÅñòIîN 2
11 Â 12 F 13 Ñ 14 G
14 twice à/рåã Week // Òuåsdàó(s) and Fãidàó(s)
15 D 16 D 17 Å 18 G
15 îï (thå/óîuã) ÜàlñîïóË>àlñîïiås
19 À 20 F
16 üiãds, ÿsh
17 11 (рm/р.m.) // 11 at night sÅñòIîN ç
18 À,Å 19 Â,D 20 D,Å 21 Â 22 Â 2Ç À 24 Â
25 Â 26 Ñ 27 D 28 Ñ
sÅñòIîN ç
29 Â 30 Í
21 Â 22 À 23 D 24 Å
25 F 26 Ñ 27 Ñ 28 Â
29 À 30 â
156 Àïçw®ã k®ó

sÅñòIîN 4 Listening Test 4
31 ãåàSîï(s) // mîtivàtiîï(S)
sÅñòIîN 1
32 funding limitationS // funds limitåd// limited
1À2í 314G
fuïds/fuïdiïg
5D6F
33 85Î/o
7 $6// $6.00//siõ dîllàãs
34 åõåãñiså, thåãàрó
8 åightååï/18 months // 1% óåàãs
35 ñîmрutåã games
9 (îï) (låvål/Ïîîã) ¨vå/5 // (thå) ¨fth/5th
36 ãåduñå stãåSs
(låvål/äîîã)
37 рåãsîïàl development
10 (à) ñiïåmà/thåàtãå
38 Â 39 Â 40À
sÅñòIîN 2
Listening Test Ç 11 1989
sÅñòIîN 1 12 Iïñåãïåt
1 ãîîm såãviñå 13 îïå/1 month
2 wàitåã 14 ãåït
3 Òîuãism Management 15 ãåfåãåïñå(s)
4 Fãåïñh, Êîãåàï 16 ãigh{s
5, 6, 7 J# 47®ó îrdår.. Â, F, G (ñ1åàã aWay рlàtås, 17 thåft/thiåvås // ÜuãglàãóЮuãglàã(s)
take luggage to ãîîms, wîãk in hÜtål Üàã) 18 рåt(s), gàãdåï(S)
8, 9, 10 J7ñ a#ó îãdå# Ñ, D, G (mådiñàl 19 $375
iïsuãàïñå, рàãkiïg, uïifîãms) 20 (hîmå) iïsuãàïñå
sÅñòIîN 2 sÅñòIîN ç
11 À,Å 21 Ñ 22 Â 23 Â 24 Ñ
12 â,D 25 Â 26 Â 27 Ñ 28 Ñ
13 fîuã/4 mîïths/mths 29 À 30 À
14 75%
15 (îï/vià/thãîugh) the Imemet // online
sÅñòIîN 4
31 4/fîuã months
16 $6,000
32 Ülåàñh
17 рàssрîãt photos
33 Wàtåã/iããigàtiîï
18 $435
34 Skin ñàïñåã // UV/ultãàviîlåt ãàós
19 wîãkiïg days
35 Whale oil // oil fãîm/îfwhàlås
20 iïtåãviåw
36 less expensive // ñhåàрåã
sÅñòIîN ç 37 (àiã) pollution
21 ñ 22 À 23 Â 24 Ñ 38 ñ 39 Å 40À
25 â 26 À 27 ñ 28 À
29 ñ 30 À
sÅñòIîN 4
31 Â Ç2 Í 33 D 34 ñ
35 Å ç6 À Ç7 Ñ 38 Â
39 À 40 â
ÀïsWåã k®ó 157

1Ç (à) conStant sрååd., {Òhå thãåàd is èіîèïd
READING
îï the fuSee grîîUå, øhiñh Üåñîòås smaller
and smaller in diàòåtår, so that in effecl it
means that the sРãiïg drives the clOck à1 à
constant sРååd.)
Reading Test 1 READING pAssAGE 2

14 iv; à11 thãåå sentenceS in рàãàgãàрh À
READING pAssAGE 1
dåSñãiÜå what is usually dîïå.
1 FäLsÅ., (Òhå dOmestic clock uіàS not
15 .ijijL., (tÎр.іñ Såã[tåã\ñå.. The tãèth is that ïîÜîdó
exactly iïUåïtåd; it èіàs рãîÜàÜ1ó à Sрiï-îff
ñàï Üå Sèãå uіhåãå àï indiuidual piece of
fãîò the Sñiåïіôñ àñtiui±iås ... the ñhèãñh rèÜÜish uіill end èР îã hÎø the junk in the
assistant needed to kïîø èіhåï to øàò the làïd$ll got thåãå.)
uіàtñhòàï to ring the Üål1 in the èіàtñhtîèіår
16 vii; (tîрiñ såïtåïñå: New råsåèñb j.s
to øàò the 1îñà1 Рåîр1å àÜîØ SOme
ñîòòèïà1 àñіiuitó) planning to ßïd îèt.)
Ò7 V., (Òhå idea is to helP Р1àï fîã àï ideal
2, Fä:LSÅ., (It èіàs à UàlèàÜlå рîssåssiîï, and
uіîãld of èіàstå disрîSàl)
èіhåï the family moUed it èіåÒ uіith thåò)
18 .ã:, (Рàãt of the РãîÜ1åò is that èіå do not
3 NOT GIVÅN; not stated in the tåõt.
kïîø uіhàt øå àãå dealing èіilh ... almoSt
4 ÒR:ЮÅ., (Òhå use of à coiled sрãiïg instead
nothing is knoum àÜÎèt uіhàt happens to
of à øåight to рãîUidå рîuіår made рîssiÜlå
the è,àstå .)
fãst the РÎãtàÜlå clOck and sèÜSåqèåïtló
19 iõ., (åàñh ... giues à Uåãó diffåãåït Set of
the Sòàllåã, рåãsîïàl ñlîñk, øhiñh èіàS làtåã
åïUiãîïòåïtàl ñhà1låïgåS.)
called à øàtñh )
2Ю V.iij*, (èіå need to get à ñlåàråã Рiñіuіå of the
5 ÒR1]Å., (Òhå means adoPted to oUåãñîòå
life ñóñ1å of diffåãåò kinds of øàstå, èіhiñh
these disàduàïtàgåS, øhiñh diãåñіló affecied
is hîø the tãàñkiïg рãîjåñі ñàï giue uSeful
timekeeping àññuãàñó, øåãå twofold.)
iïfîãòàtiÎï.)
6 .LIÎï., (SÎ рîssiÜló it uіàs the øàtñhòàï's
2.1 õ:, (Às commoditieS Üåñîòå Sñàãñå in the
clock Îï the uіàll that Üåñàòå the domestic
iron ñlîñk) fî[lÎèіiïg ñåÒèòiås, øå òàó haUe tO mine
lamdflls fÎã thåiã ãiñhåS)
7 Wooden Ü[àIñkåts., (it Üåñàòå fàsÜiÎïàÜlå to
2.2. 8ñ 23 ÑlÅ:, (thå mass is òåàSèãåd, Üèt not
... òîèï± these clOcks îï u)îîdåï Üãàñkåts)
in tåãòs of the content ... 1ï tåãòs of
8 FãàIïñå., (SРriïg clOcks èіåãå fãSt made in
åïUiãîïòåïtàl iòРàñі, it is the ñîïtåÒ,
Fãàïñå in the 1400S)
not the ïèòÜåã of tÎïïås, that òà[uårs.,
9 (soUãñå î[) fîãñå|рîwå[., (thå coiled sРãiïg thåãå is à òîãå fundamenial ãåàsîï tJ tag
did not ProUide à constant sÎèãñå of РÎøår. tãàSh: to fnd out øhåãå sOcjety StÎãås the
Twhen èіîèïd uр, the sрãiïg gaUe à fîãñå
òàtåãiàls that it mines fãîò tÜå Åàãth and
that øàs Uåãó stãîïg .„ The fîãñå then tåòрîãàãiló turnS into рãîdèñіs.)
dåñãåàSåd èïåvåïló)
24 (àï) aluminium ñàï; (À# &/#èf.èf.zm ñ4#, /îã
10 tãumрåt-shàрåd (îÜjåñt) // .ãumрåt; (À /èsåå iïStàïñå, could have à Uàãiåtó of fàlåS.)
is à tãèòрåt-shàрåd îÜjåñі)
2.5 Såà;thˆ., (tãàñkåd 60 pieceS of tãàSh in Seattle
11 (à) Stãîãіg thråàd., (Òhå tãèòРåt-shàРåd Рàãt ... The next phaSe of the åõрåãiòåò uіill
has à Sрiãàl gãîîUå ñèі in iі, and à length of Üågiï - 1,ÎÎÎ òîãå pieces of gàãÜàgå øill Üå
strong thãåàd ctltached to the gãîîUå) ålåñtãîïiñàlló tagged and thãîøï away in .„
L2. (àL) kåó., (`whåï the fusee is tumed èіith Såàttlå)
à kåó, the thãåàd is pulled off the Üàããå1,
uіhiñh uіiïds èр the st]riïg inSide it.)
158 Àhswåã k®ó

26 green sUрр+ó ñ,hdøS., (ÒWhilå à lot of effort Reading Test 2
haS gOne intO creating gãååï suPPly chains
READING pAssAGE 1
tO Üãiïg Рãîdèñts to ñèstîòåãs)
1 Å., (sÎòå think the ñãîР yield èіîèld Üå too
27 houSehold wàStå; (Wj.fb!.7ñ fÜå Ü#77t/åss-
1îèі to make economic sense / the ÜàSiñ
Sounding caiegory of `hÎèsåhold øàStå' ...
рãåòiså is Рàuіåd)
lieS åUåãóthiïg fãîò ñàããît peelings to used
2. ä:, (òàrkåt gàãdåïs îï the edgeS of èãÜàï
l]àÜiås' nappieS and lîuі-åïåãgó light ÜèlÜS
areas Supplying fãåsh food Stіàight to óîèã
... îã old ålåñіãiñàl àррliàïñåS)
tàÜlå òàó soon Üå îUåã., masS ñitó-ñåïtrå
READING pAssAGE ç fàãòiïg òàó soon ãåр1àñå thåò.)
2;8 F., (Рãiòàlîlogists haUe seen aPeS hide food 3 D., (Iïdîîã ñãîРs ãåqèiãå leSs Pesticide and
fãîò the alpha male or Steal his fåòàlås.) àãå leSS SèÜjåñl to the РãîÜlåòS in ïàtèãå)
2:9 D., (thåó had ïî îррîãtèïitó to Üå taught 4 ä:, (iïUîlviïg ãîîftîр gàãdåïiïg in
àÜÎèt tîîls. Yet Soon àftåã they Ïådgåd, à1l Ìàïhàttàï. while that èіàs iïtåråstiïg, it
picked èр sticks to рãîÜå Üèsiló into ñòàñks) ñîèldï't Üå sustained îï à mass sñàlå.)
ÇÎ Â., ("wåll, they Shàãå îèã anceStry -of 5 F., {DåsРÎòòiåã has the Üàñkiïg of ...
course thåó'ãå sòàãt." ... Îèã laSt ñîòòîï Uåïtèãå ñàрitàlists)
àïñåstÎã èіith à11 Üiіds uіàs à ãåРtilå that 6 Ñ., (thå use of à tyPe of ShåÙsh to fltåã
liued oUer 300 million óåàãS àgî) uіàtår. These ñàï ñ1åàï èãÜàï såèіàgå tO à
Ç1 äi, (ÜåñàèSå of their long assOciation èіith state sèitàÜlå fîã irãigàtiîï.)
hèòàïS) 7 8.6 Üilliîï; (Såñtiîï Â: Tbe wîr/d рîрè/#fg.î#
32 Å., (Âiãds ñàï cheat tîî) is exPecled to grÎø Üó thãåå Üilliîï to 8.6
ÇÇ Ñ., (Sñiåïtists think that dogs èіåãå Üilliîï îUåã the next half ñåïtèãó.)
dOmesticated àÜîèt 15,000 years àgî, à 8 80 рåã ñåït/80%; (såñtiîï Â: Âó fÜå#, sîèå
ãålàtiuåló short time in èіhiñh to deUelOP 80 Per cent of the øîãld'S poPulatiOn øi[l
1àïgèàgå skills.) liue in ñitiåS)
Ç4 ä:, (thå fãst jay uіill ãåtèãï tO moUe the nut 9 îVåã îïå-thiãd; (såñtiîï Â: èë.fb oyer î#å-
øhåï the îthåã jay is gÎïå.) third of the øîrld's Sèãfàñå ñøãåïtló used
Ç5 Â., (his ãåsåàãñh dåòîïStãàtåS that Some fÎã àgãiñultèãå.)
Üiіds POSseS øhàt is often àïîthåã uniquely 10 Âãàzil; (såñtiîï Â: f.# fbe èåõf #óå dåñ4dås
human Skjll: tÜå àÜilitó tO ãåñà11 à SРåñißñ àï àãåà of ïåèі àràÜlå land ãîèghló the Size
past åUåït.) of Âãàzil èіill Üå ãåqèiіåd to feed the øîãld'S
Ç6 NÎ., (РåîРlå іøåãå SèrРãisåd to disñîUåã that gãîuіiïg рîрèlàtiÎï)
chimpanzeeS make tîîls) 11 Sîlàã рàïå1s; (såñtiîï Ñ: more å#ñf.å7Zf sî/ñè
Ç7 YÅ:S., (Sîòåthiïg àÜÎèt the åïUiãîïòåït of Panels for energy | Såñ.+іîï D.. Solàã Panels to
ÜÎth SPecieS faUored the eUolution of tîîl- РãîUidå ålåñlãiñitó )
making ïåèãà1 рîuіåãs.) 12 lighñ; (Såñtiîï D: t;årfj.ññr/ /ÿrèg.7tg f.s
38 NOT GIVÅN; thåãå is ïî claim àÜîut not uіithîèt its ñhàllåïgås. Îïå is light
- àãtiôñiàl lighting useS à gãåàt deal of
chimpanzeeS enj oying рãîÜlåm÷sî1viïg.
ålåñtãiñitó and gåïåãàtås ñîïsidåràÜlå håàt.
39 NÎ., (ÅUåï àftåã óåàãS of òîïitîãiïg them
in the øild, ãåsåàrñhårs ñîèldï't dåtåãòiïå Àïîthåã is ñîst)
if the Üiãds' àÜilitó uіàs iròàtå, îã if they 13 Within this gåïåãàñiîï; (såñtiîï F: L#ñ
learned to make and use thåiã tOols Üó Mougeout ... sayS the Uåãtiñàl fàãò is not
uіàtñhiïg Îïå àïîthåã.) îï1ó рîSsiÜlå, Üèt øill happen ujithin this
40 YF;S., (Sèñh decePtiue acts råqèiãå à gåïåãàtiîï)
comPlicated fîãò of thiïkiïg)
Àïswåã key 159

READING pAssAGE 2 2,6 concaNe ò:IIãîã., (Nåuіtîï discoUered that à
14 Å., (Nåuіtîï disñîUåãåd that òiããîãs gaUe concaUe òiããîã)
àï iòрãîUåd iòàgå, øhiñh àllîøåd à 27 aat SåñîïdàLãó ò±ããîã., (ãåÏåñtiïg light îït:î à
much more àññèãàtå Uiåèі of the håàUåïs. Íàt secondary òiããîã)
Fèãthåãòîãå, òirãîrs øåãå åàSiåã to
READING pAssAGE ç
òàïèfàñtèãå than lenses and could Üå made
làrgår) 2,8 ä:, (Dåtàilåd îÜSåãUàtiîïs àãå made of the
è!àó in øhiñh diffåãåït kinds of рåîр1å speak
15 D., (ÑÎРåãïiñès had asSumed that the
in diffåãåït Social sitèàtiîïs. The і]àãàòåtåãs
Plariets moUed in à ñiãñèlàã Path àãîèïd the
that dåòîïstãàtå theSe diffåãåïñås àãå
Suï, Üèt ÊåР1åã found that they did ïît.,
k7юè;# 4s linguistic vàãiàÜlås.)
they òîU¸d in ållôsås.)
2:9 D., {Ï is likely that the Same gradual РãîñåsS
16 Â., (Íå [ÑîРåãïiñès] tãiåd to exPlain the
of change affects øhîlå languageS as èіå11 aS
math ematics Üåhiïd the рlàïåts' moUements
diàlåñts)
Üèt found that the ñiãñèlàã moUemem
of à st]håãå could not explain uіhó, fîã 3Î D., (It is eaSy to recognize à change in
åõàòрlå, Ìàãs àррàãåïtló stopped and uіåït 1àïgèàgå -Üø îï1ó àftåã it haS taken р1àñå.)
Üàñkèіàãds fîã à Short tiòå.) Ç1 Â., (ñliòàtîlîgó (øhiñh is à consequence of
17 Â., (Íå [ÑîРåãïiñès] disñîUåãåd that the
human phySical location -thå mountain
døållåã haUing à phySiological diffåãåït
Рlàïåts' mouements could Üå fàã òîãå easily
capacity fîã speech ñîòрàãåd èіith the
Рãådiñtåd if not the Åàãth Üèt the Sun øåãå ` Ualley du,ållår))
placed in the centre of the Sóståò, and
the plamets ñiãñlåd the Sun ãàthåã than the Ç2. D., (Sñiåïtôñ ãåSåàãñh, uіhiñh haS Shîuіï
Åàãth) that thåãå is ïî Single ãåàSîï fîã 1àïgèàgå
18 Å., (Yåt it èіàs NåèіtÎï'S disñîUåãó of the ñhàïgå)
laws of gãàUitó that exPlained øhó the ÇÇ Ñ., (`ÒÕlhåï PeoPle moUe àèіàó fãîò each
îthåã, thåiã 1àïgèàgå øill diuårgå.)
planets moUe the øàó they dî.)
19 D., (Òhå Gåãòàï àstãîïîòåã ]ohàïïås Ç4 ä., (SèÜñîïSñiîès ñhàïgå, èіhåãå PeoPle àãå
ÊåР1åã used it to disñîUåã that the not àèіàãå of the diãåñtiîï in øhiñh their
CoPemican îÜsåãUàtiÎïs øåãå not quite St]ååñh is òîUiïg, is lesS ïîtiñåàÜlå, Üèt fàã
ñîããåñ1 ...` ÑîРåãïiñès had assumed that the òîãå ñîòòîï)
planets moUed in à ñiãñèlàã path àãîèïd the 35 N0., (SÎòå Sрåàhåãs iïіãîdèñå the change
Sèï, Üèt ÊåР1åã fOund that they did ïît) into thåiã sPeech Üåfîãå îthåãs)
2;Î Å3®åd stэіIS., (Sîòå of the lights in the sky Ç6 YF:S., |à change sРãåàds thãîègh à 1àïgèàgå
Seemed рåãòàïåït in ãålàtiîï to each îthåã in much the same øà;ó aS à stOne Sends
and these èіåãå kïîøï aS the `ôõåd Stàãs') ãiРРlås àñãîSs à Рîî1. But eUen this imPlies
2.1 (thå) р+àãLåts., (îthåã lights moUed àÜîèt too ãågè1àã à moUement to account fÎã the
much òîãå fãååló and øåãå called `thå ãåàlitó of Sociolinguistic Uàãiàtiîï)
øàïdåãåãs'. TXie ïîèі kïîu! the làttåã aS the 37 NÎ., (ÍistÎãiñàl dictiOnarieS àluіàóS giue àï
рlàïåts) àРРãîõiòàtå date of åïtãó fîã à ïåèі èіîrd
22 (Üåà.Våï]ó) òusiñ3 (ñãåàtåd heaUenly music as îã meaning -Üèt theSe dates iïUàòiàÜló
they òîUåd) ãåÏåñt the åàãliåSt kïîèіï uSe of that øîãd
2Ç SрÜåãå., (thå Planets each had à sРhåãå that in the øãitlåï 1àïgèàgå. The ßãst use of
moUed indePendently of the îthåãs) the u)Îãd in sPeech is àløàóS àï èïkïîu)ï
ïèòÜåã of óåàãs рãåUiîès to thàt.)
2.4 ñ.ÎãNåõ+åïS., (LiРРårshåó èіhÎ used à conUex
'å7's)
38 NOT GIVÅN; the ålåñtãîïiñ media àãå not
måïñiîïåd in the tåõt.
2,5 åóåрiåñå., (fîñèSiïg light intO àï åóåРiåñå)
1GÎ Àïswåã key

Ç9 YF;S., (Sîòå change is the ãåsèlt of îïå 12 FÀLSÅ; (рàãàgãàрh Â: Tbe РåîР/å of À7zgkîr
population iòрåãfåñtló leaming the left not à single uіîãd exPlaining thåiã
1àïgèàgå of àïîthåã.) kiïgdÎòЭS ñîllàрså.)
40 YÅ:S., (Òhå òiïîãitó 1àïgèàgå fÎãòs à small 13 ÒRUÅ; (рàãàgãàрh D: Îñіår såñ;årñz/
gãîuР that in the 1îïg tåãі!ï iïËèåïñåS ñåïtuòiåS, hèïdіåds of miles of canals àr;d
òàjîãiö èSàgå.) dykes ... øåãå ñîïstãèñtåd)
14 ÒRUÅ; (рàãàgãàрh F: gåèGr4Zg.î#s î/ÊÜ7#åã
Reading Test Ç åïgiïååãs coped èіith à øàtåã SyStem that
READING pAssAGE 1 gãåø eUer òîãå ñîòР1åõ and èïãèló.)
1 Å., (Iããigàtiîï èіîèld haUe ÜÎîStåd hàãUåsts.)
READING pAssAGE 2
2. F., (Òhå moSt logical exPlanatiOn is that à
1S WÎïdåãlàLãLd., (it is à uіîïdåãlàïd èіith
dam fàilåd. The ãiuåã òàó haUe ñhåèіåd into
ÏÎèіåãS of gãåàt Üåàètó)
the dàò, gãàdèàlló èіåàkåïiïg it. Рåãhàрs
16 87 рåã ñåããt., (this îïå ñîrïåã of the continent
it øàs èіàshåd àøàó Üó àï umsually heaUy
contains ïî leSS than 12,000 diffåãåït
рîîd)
Plant SPecies and 87 Рåã ñårі:l of them gãîu)
Ç À:, (ÀS òàïó aS 750,000 people liued in
ïîèjhåãå else in the uіîãld.)
ÀïgkÎã, ils ñàРéà1, making it the most
17 (à) Shallow Såà; (ÀèsfrG/;.ÿ èіÿs Р#rf/ó
extensiue èіÜàï ñîòt]låõ of the Рãå-
ñîUåãåd Üó à Shàllîèі Sea thai såрàãàtåd the
iïdèstãiàl èіîãld.)
uіåStårï Рàіt of the ñîïliïåÒ fãîò the ãåst.)
4 Ñ., (às òàïó as 200,000 Êhòår uіîãkåãS
18 Sà,ïd ll dåSåãt., (ÀS ÀèStãàlià gãàdèàlló
òàó haUe Üååï ïåådåd)
øàãòåd, this sea dіiåd èР, Üèt it left Üåhiïd
5 D., (Òîdàó's ãåsåàãñhåãs have Üååï amazed
à èіidå expanSe of sàïd)
Üó the àòl]itiÎï of Àògkîã's åàã1ó åïgiïååãS.)
L9 Â., (Òhå land håãå is so РÎîã in ïètãiåïts)
6 Â., (Åõàñtló øhàt caused the decline is not
2:Î Ñ., (ïîø they àãå not îï1ó èіå1l àÜ1å to
kïîøï; iïUàdårs, à change of råligiîï, à
sèãUiuå iiS dåStãèñіiîï Üèt haUe ñîòå to
shift to òàãitiòå tãàdå that condemned
depend îï it)
àï inland city àãå à11 gèåssèіîãh. / Recent
excaUations ... àãå SuggeSting à ïåèі àïsøår.) 2,1 ä., (Òhå eucalyPts îã gum tãåås that gãîu)
thåãå often take the Рåñèliàã fîãò kïîuіï
7 Vi; (рàãàgãàрh À: è;Üå7g Рîrf#gèåså
as ãï:àØåå ... they haUe à massiue ãîîtstîñk
òissiîïàãiås ñàòå àñãîsS ... À.ïghîã wat ...
the åòрiãå uіàs in it:S fnal рhàSå) fãîò èіhiñh ãiså half à dozen thin tãèïks of
à ñîòòîï håight.)
8 iii; (рàãàgãàрh Å: Wbå7z ofber kf.#gdî772s
2;2. D., {Âèt it øill not shed àïó Seed they
in Sîèth-Åàst ASia èіåãå Stіèggliïg èіith
too little îã too much èіà1åãэ Àòghîã'S рãîdèñå unless thåãå is à ßãå.)
uіàtåãøîãks è!îèld haUe Üååï àï åõtãåòåló 2.3 Ñ., (thå intense heat causeS the caPSules to
UàlèàÜlå àssåt.) îрåï. Âó ãålåàsiïg thåiã Seeds îï1ó after à
„`,.,,,
9 .N., (рà.ãàLgãà.рh Ñ.. Òî this day the ãåñtàïgèlàã
ãåsåãUîiі is fed Üó øàtåã divåãtåd fãîò the 24 FÀ;LSÅ., (Uåãó fåèі of èіhiñh haUe Üååï seen
Siem Reap ãiuår.) gãîuіiïg in the uіild Üåfîãå)
10 i; (рàãàgãàрh Å: dèãf.#g cr Poor èî7Zsîî7ñ 2.s ÒFLÏÅ., (Òhå eucalyPts îã gèі'ï tãåås that
såàSÎï, and the àÜilitó to diuåãt and hold gãîø thåãå often take the Рåñèliàі fÎãò
øàtåã uіîèld haUe àffîãdåd à òåàSèãå of kïîèіï aS òà1låå. Species that ålsåuіhåãå
Üåñîòå ïîãі'ïàl-lîîkiïg tãåås grîø håãå
рrîtåñtiÎï)
in Such à diffåãårtі øàó that they might Üå
11 NOT GIVÅN; missiîïàãiås àãå ãåfåããåd to in
thought to Üå à comPletely diffåãåït hiïd.)
рàãàgãàрh À, Üut damage not mentioned in
the tåõt.
Àïswåã key 161

26 NOT GIVÅN; ïîÑ mentioned in the text Reading Test 4
(Òhå ñîmрàãisîï Üåtwååï eucalypts in the READING pAssAGE 1
Sîuth-wåståãï àãåà and ålsåWhåãå ãålàtåS
1 Ñ., (thå Рãiñå of the share øill go èР uniil
îï1ó to the màllåå.)
they stop Üèóiïg. This òàó haUe ï.Qthiïg
27 NOT GIVÅN; not mentioned in the text (It
to do èіith the åssåï±iàl Sîèïdïås: of the
is рîSsiÜlå to tell hoW 1îïg it has Üååï since
ñîòрàïó.)
thåãå Was à ¨ãå.)
2 ä., (óîè are à Рàrt-îè)ïåã, îã shàãåhîldåã,
28 ÒÒÃ]JÅ., (ÍÎuіåUår, the ñîãå of this tãèïk is
in the ñîòрàïó, èіith the ãight to shàãå in
not tiòÜåã Üèt ßÜãå and uіhàt SeemS to Üå
its Рrîßts, to attend ÜÎàãd meetings and to
Üàòk, is, in fàñt, the tightly compacted ÜàSåS
Uîtå1
of the låàUås)
3 Å., (Òhå aduantage to the îãigiïàl îøïåãs of
READING pAssAGE ç Selling thåiã shàãåS is thàt, if the îffåãiïg is
2;9 .*Í\., (Sèñh UaSt disl;àïñåS èіîèld Seem to Put sèññåSsfèl, they ñàï ãåàlizå Uåãó 1àãgå sums
the stars u)åll Üåóîïd the ãåàñh of human of cash .)
åõt'loråãS) 4 Ñ., (àl1 sorts of fàñtîãs iïËèåïñå the Рãiñå of
ÇÎ V., (thåså àòÜitiîès SchemeS haUe thåiã ShàãåS)
disàduàïtàgåS, and it is dÎèÜtfèl they could 5 D., (Òhis caPitalist syStem of fnancing Üig
ãåà11ó go the distàïñå.) Üèsiïåss is fundamental to the u!îãld's
Ç1 i., (thårå are tèіî radical ïåø РîSsiÜilitiåS Рãåsåït economic Sóståò.)
... that might just åïàÜ1å us .. to ãåàñh the 6 (à) high-tåñh ñîmрàïó; RåmåmÜånhàt
Stàrs.) hyphenated wîãds count as îïå wîãd.
Ç2 .N., (Sèñh ÎÜsåãUàtiÎïS suggest that dàãk (hîuі, fîã åõàòР1å, do óîè Ualue à high-
matter îètèіåighs the èïiuåãSåЭs UisiÜlå tech ñîòРàïó uіhîSå Рãîdèñts change
òàÈåã Üó à fàñlîã of àÜîèt siõ. SO à dàãk åUåãó fåuі òîïths, and uіhîSå ãåà1 åàãïiïg
òàttåã StàãshiР could Pick èР its fuel Îï the рîøåã ãåsidås in the Üãàiïs of i±s talented
øàó and øîèld thåãåfîãå not need to ñàããó åòрlîóååS?)
á7zó.) 7 (thå) màãkåt ñàрitàlisàtiîï; (fÜå 77z«kåf
ÇÇ .ãõ;, (It is speculated that dàãk òàttåã ñàрitàliã:àtiîï -uіhiñh is eSsentially the
РàãtiñlåS could Üå made to ñîllidå, thuS total Ualue of à1l à ñîòрàïó'S Shares at the
annihilating each îthåã and ñîïUåãtiïg thåiã ñèãråït òàãkåt рãiñå)
maSs to åïåãgó.) 8 (thå) ñ;àSjøî., (Òhå sîèïdåst, Üåst-åStàÜlishåd
Ç4 ii., (À Ülàñk hole èіåighiïg àÜîèt à million companieS àãå kïîuіï as `Ü1èå ñhiрS'. The
tonneS øîèld make à рåãfåñt åïåãgó Sîèãñå) tåãò `Ü1èå ñhiР' comes fãîò the èіîãld of
Ç5 Viii:, (thåîãists ... Рãåfåã àï àltåãïàі:iuå the ñàsiïî)
рãîрîsàl ofmaking îïå. Òî ñãåàtå à Ülàñk 9 gãîwth stîñks; (`GrîюfÜ sfñtñks' èå sÜ4№s
hole ..) in ïåuіår comPanieS that àãå exPected to do
Ç6 8ñ Ç7 ÑlD., (à Sрàñåñãàft рîuіåråd Üó dàòk øå11 in the fètèãå, Üèt uіhiñh òàó not do sî)
òàttåã., à craft рîèіåãåd Üó àï àrtôñiàl 1Î tóñîîãLs., (For iïStàïñå, tycoons òàó decide
ülàñk holå) they ñàï do à Üåttåã jîÜ Of Üèildiïg the
Ç8 рtLãt:LñlåS., (dàãk òàttåã ParticleS could Üå ÜèsiïåSs Üó taking à ñîòрàïó Рãiuàtå
made to ñîllidå) Üåñàèså the ãåd tàt]å and potential fîã
iïtåãfåråïñå Üó îthåã shàãåhîldåãS is much
Ç9 åïåãgó., (ñîïUåãtiïg thåiã maSS to åïåãgó)
låSS)
40 à,ïïLhil±à,tlîï., (Òhå òàttåã could Üå collected
11 ÒÒÃ1JÅ., (øith the right to Share in its рãîfts,
and ñîòрråSSåd, øhiñh øîèld iïñãåàSå its
tO attend Üîàãd meetings and to Uote îï key
annihiliation ãàtå)
issueS and àt]рîiïtòåïts.)
1I62 Àïswåã key

12 NOT GIVÅN; the ïumÜåã of shàãåS READING pAssAGE ç
рåãmittåd to à Shàãåhîldåã is not disñuSsåd. 2.9 V.ijі., (Âèt Üit Üó Üit, uіhàlå ñîãРsås àãå giuing
|Ç ÃÃFØÅ., {îïå of the main fàñlîãs is the èр thåiã Såñãåts.)
ÜåhàUiîèr of рåîр1å èіhî Üèó Shàãås, Îã, 30 õ:, (lîñàls immediately Ülàòåd the àãòåd
as sOme øîèld haUe it, `thå madness of fÎãñås.)
ñіîøds' . If òàïó iïUåStîãs think the Price Ç1 i., (Fiãst, the noise ñàï sèãРãiså the animal ...
of à Shà1å is going to go èР and Üèó il, the Såñîïd, SoundwaUes ñàï themSelueS make
рãiñå of the shàãå èіill go èр uniil they stop ÜuÜÜlåS øith àï effect Uåãó siòilàã to that of
üèóiïg.) ñîòрãåssiîï SiñkïåSS.)
14 FÀ;LSÅ., (Òhå ãèlås fÎã going tlèÜliñ àãå quite Ç2 V.і., (Sîòå uіhàlå sРåñiås, it àРРåàãS, àãå just
striñt) tOO fÃiåÏdlÓ fOr thåiÃ Îu)Ï 800d.)
READING pAssAGE 2 3Ç .ii., {à1l maSS Stãàïdiïg sites around Àèstãàlià

1S FÀ;LsÅ., (Òhå Royal Flying Dîñtîã SåãUiñå øåãå gently slOPing sandy ÜåàñhåS)
has îUåã the Past ñåïtèãó Prouided medical Ç4 õi., (RÎègh uіåàthår gåïåãàtås òîãå ÜèÜÜlås
SåãUiñåS to tÜîså in t:hå îètÜàñk) than uSual and dèãiïg and after à stÎãò
16 NOT GIVÅN; Lieutenanc Рåål's jîÜ is not uіhàlås òàó essentially Üå Suіiòòiïg Üliïd.)
Stàtåd. Ç5 +ó., (òàjÎã climatic ñóñlås, óåàãS in øhiñh
17 ÒFt:UÅ., (Îï 15 Ìàó 1928, the AuStralian thåãå àãå stãîïg uіåståãló and sîèthåãló
Inland MissiOn Àåãiàl Medical Seruice uіiïds that Üãiïg ñîî1, ïèіãiåÒ-ãiñh èіà1åã)
commenced ÜèSiïåss in ÑlÎïñèãró, Ç6 V., (Sîòå èіîïdåі øhó òàïó uіÜàlås, îïñå
QèååïSlàïd) ãåsñèåd fãîò the Üåàñh, tèãï àòîèïd and
18 NOT GIVÅN; the length of the äights is not Üåàñh themselues îïñå òîãå. Îïå РîSsiÜlå
måïtiîïåd. explanation òàó lie in the ham the ßãst
Üåàñhiïg dîåS.)
19 ÒÒØÅ., (It uіàS îï1ó in the 1960S that
the RFDS had Üågèï рèãñhàsiïg its îèіï Ç7 Â., (thå noise ñàï Sèãрãiså the àïiòàl,
àiãñràft) cauSing ii to suіiò too quickly to the
Sèãfàñå, ãåsèltiïg in ñîòРãåssiÎï sickmeSs
2.Î Å., (iï the 1960S ... RFDS had Üåguï
(kïîøï to human diuåãS as `thå Üåïds') .)
рèãñhàSiïg its îøï àiãñràft)
Ç8 Ñ., (uіhàlås haUe Üååï Stãàïdiïg fÎã à Uåãó
2,1 Â., (uіàS emPloying Pilots and åïgiïååãs
1Îïg time -Рãå-sîïàі. So it ñàï't Üå just
diãåñtló)
thàt.)
2:2. G., (làtåã models øåãå Àòåãiñàï in deSign
Ç9 D., (sàïdó ÜåàñhåS disãèРt thåiã echolocation
and òàïèfàñtèãå)
sóStåò)
2.Ç ä:, (fãîò exPoSed cockPils to Рråssèіisåd
4Î ÀL:, (Òhåãå Seems tO Üå some anecdotal
ñàüiïs)
eUidence in fàUîèã of ]àòåS' storm thåîãó.
24 Ñ., (Îрåãàtiïg fãîò 21 Üàsås)
Stãàòdiïgs in Tasmania often îññèã in quite
2.5 F., (Òhå Íóiïg dîñtÎãS and ïèãsås såãvå more èіild øåàthåã.)
than à qèàãtåі of à million РåîР1å)
2.6 Ñ., (Òhå effecliuenesS of the Flying DÎñ±îr is
in its øidå ãåàñh)
2] ä:, (àlsÎ ßttåd out as Рóiïg intensiue ñàãå
èïits)
28 F., (iіS îрåãàtiîïS àòå funded Üó
ÑÎòòîïèіåàlth and State gîUåòòåïts,
РèÜliñ donationS and ñîrрîãàіå
SрîïsîãshiрS)
Àhswåã key 163

WRIòING
wãitiï9 òåst 1
sampIe ãåsрîïsås
òàsk 1
This Üàã ñhàãt ShowS that causeS of stãåss change
at diffåãåït рåãiîds in рåîрlå'S lives in Ñàïàdà.
wîãkiïg too much is idåïti¨åd aS the ïumÜåã
îïå cauSe of stãåSs Üó 27Î/Î of Canadians in
the age gãîuр 25 to 54 and Üó àãîuïd 15°/î of
thoSe aged 55-64. This is in stàãk ñîïtãàSt to the òàsk 2
gãîuр of рåîр1å aged 65-74 and 75 and àÜîvå, The ãàрid development of communications
of Whom îï1ó 2°/î and 1 Î/Î ãåSрåñtivåló ãàtå it as tåñhïî1îgó haS had à Sigïi¨ñàït impact îï
the màjîã Sîuãñå of stãåSS. Sîñiåtó. Òhåãå àãå Üîth poSitive and negacive
Health рãîÜlåms iïñãåàså as à StãåSS fàñtîã sides to this, Üut the рãîÜlåm lies in the Way
as рåîр1å get oldåã: it is the main cause of StãåSS this technology is uSed ãàthåã than in the
of ].ust Ç % of the youngest age gãîuр, Üut 23 Î/î technology itsålf.
of the oldest age gãîuр. The opposite is the caSe ÌîÜilå phones and email make it рîSsiÜlå
with not having enough mîïåó, Which fàl1s fãîm to contact à рåãSîï even when you do not
15% tO àãîuïd 4Î/î. knoW whåãå they àãå. This allowS fîã gãåàtåã
`Nî рàãtiñulàã ãåàSîï' is Üó fàã the ïumÜåã äåõiÜilitó in рåîрlå'S livåS, Which openS up
îïå cauSe of stãåss (mîãå than ÇÎÎ/o) fîã thoSe îррîãtuïitiåS fîã individuals and fîã sîñiåtó.
aged 65 and îvåã. FamilieS and fãiåïds ñàï chat îã wãitå to each
It ñàï Üå said îvåãàll that aS рåîр1å in
îthåã àïówhåãå îï the planet at little îã ïî ñîst.
1ï àdditiîï, à mîÜilå phone ñàï Üå uSed to get
Canada get îldåã; Some SîuãñåS of stãåss such aS
health iïñãåàså in imрîãtàïñå, whåãåàs îthåãS help immediately and save sîmåîïå'S life in
Such as lack of money and wîãkiïg too much àï åmåãgåïñó.
Üåñîmå less imрîãtàït. À doWnside is that some рåîр1å have Üåñîmå
addicted to thåiã Sñãååïs. while Spending time
with îthåã рåîр1å, they continually Send texts
îï thåiã mîÜilå phoneS îã àãå focused îï [håiã
laptop ñîmрutåãs and so do not give thåiã full
attention to the рåîр1å àãîuïd thåm. À text
meSSage îã email is' often suрåã¨ñià1, unlike the
pocentially mîãå genuine and рåãSîïàl ïàtuãå of
fàñå-tî-fàñå ñîmmuïiñàtiîï. Some рåîр1å may
come to feel mîãå ñîmfîãtàÜlå communicating
thãîugh deViceS ãàthåã than Üó talking to à
рåãSîï next to ñhåm.
The immediacy of this tåñhïî1îgó haS also
iïñãåàSåd the рàñå of life and inVaded рåîрlå'S
рãivàñó. À quick ãåsрîïSå is expected to àï
email and you may ïåvåã Üå fãåå of the demands
of àï åmрlîóåã, so that you may have less
time to ãå1àõ. Some рåîр1å may even invent
multiple identitieS îï1iïå, which ñàï Üå used to
deceive îthåãs.
164 Àïswåã key

Ìîdåãï technology ñ1åàã1ó Üãiïgs Üîth and it is рãîjåñtåd that it will continue to fà1l
advantages and disadvantages fîã sîñiåtó, so it gãàduàlló to àãîuïd 17Î/o in 2038.1ï ñîïtãàst,
is up to рåîр1å to uSe it to thåiã own Üåïåht and the рãîрîãtiîï of 15 to 24-óåàã-îlds ãîså to
to help society ãàthåã than to Üå enslaved Üó àррãîõimàtåló 17°/o in 1980, Üut haS fallen
tåñhïîlîgó. gãàduàlló since thåï. It is fîãåñàSt that this gãQuр
Will make up just 12Î/î of the total Àustãàliàï
population Üó the end of the 80-óåàã рåãiîd
ñîvåãåd Üó the gãàрhs.
ÍîWåvåã, the ïumÜåã of ñhildãåï and young
рåîр1å haS iïñãåàsåd since 1958, except fîã à
Shîãt-livåd slight dãîр. Âó 2038 it is expected
that thåãå Will Üå à total of 5.2 million ñhildãåï
and Ç.7 million young рåîр1å in Àustãà1ià.
ÎVåãàll it ñàï Üå seen that the Àustãàliàï
population haS aged Since 1958 and that this
рãîñåSS is expected to continue into che futuãå.
wãitiïg òåst 2
sampIe ãåsрîïsås
òàsk 1
TheSe two line gãàрhs Show that Since 1958
thåãå has Üååï fall in the рåãñåïtàgå of the
Àustãàliàï population who àãå ñhildãåï, and that
the рåãñåïtàgås of ñhildãåï and young рåîр1å àãå
рãîjåñtåd to dåñãåàså Üåtwååï now and 2038.
Íîwåvåã, thåiã ïumÜåãS have gãîwï since 1958
and àãå expected to continue to ãiså uncil 2038. òàsk 2
The рåãñåïtàgå of ñhildãåï aged 0-14 haS As many 1àãgå citieS àãîuïd the Wîãld Üåñîmå
fallen fãîm à high point of 30% in 1958, iïñãåàSiïgló ñãîWdåd and рî1lutåd, imposing
Àïswåã key 165

à ñhàãgå îï ñàãS that åïtåã city ñåïtãås is àï
àttãàñtivå idåà. Alchough it does haVe some
dãàwÜàñks, I suррîãt this рãîрîSàl, though With
Some ãåSåãvàtiîïS.
Making dãivåãS рàó à fee to dãivå into the
ñåïtãå of the city Would disñîuãàgå Some dãivåãS,
which would ãåduñå the amount of tãàfhñ
congestion aS Well aS àiã рî1lutiîï. РuÜliñ ÜuSås
and tãàms would then Üå àÜ1å to get ñî thåiã
destinations fàståã, So ñîmmutåãs would not
Spend so much time tãàvålliïg to and fãîm wîãk.
City ñåïtãåS would Üå mîãå р1åàsàït placeS fîã
wîãkåãs, shîррåãS, cyclists and рådåstãiàïS in
gåïåãà1. wãitiï9 òåst ç
1[ ñàï Üå àãguåd that this policy would sàmріå ãåsрîïsås
disñãimiïàtå against those who àãå leSs Well îff,
òàsk 1
Üåñàuså Wealthy dãivåãS Would not Üå dåtåããåd
This diàgãàm ShoWs how ålåñtãiñitó ñàï Üå
Üó such à fåå. Àlsî, if the gîvåãïmåït failed to
invest mîãå money in рuÜliñ tãàïsрîãt, tãàvål Üó gåïåãàñåd using the heat contained in the
Üus îã tãàm could Üåñîmå mîãå uïñîmfîãtàÜlå uïdåãgãîuïd wàtåã that is found Üåtwååï làóåãs
fîã the gãåàtåã ïumÜåã of рàssåïgåãS. Îï top of of hot ãîñk.
ñhàt, it could Üå logistically and technically våãó Fiãst, the hot wàtåã is pumped to the suãfàñå.
diHcult to install the equipment needed at the It then pasSeS thãîugh à heac åõñhàïgåã, which
many points at Which ñàãs could åïtåã the city åõtãàñts the heat fãîm [hå Wàtåã. This heat
ñåïtãå. is uSed to ãuï the рîWåã Station in îãdåã to
I think that this policy is à good idåà, though gåïåãàtå ålåñtãiñitó. The ålåñtãiñitó is sent Üó
the fee îï ñàãs would not ïåñåSsàãiló have to ñàÜlåS to the national ålåñtãiñitó gãid to Üåñîmå
Üå åïfîãñåd îï weekends îã late at ïight. This рàãt of the ålåñtãiñitó suррló.
when the heat is åõtãàñtåd fãîm the Wàtåã,
policy has the potential to make city ñåïtãås
mîãå àññåssiÜlå fîã the gåïåãà1 рuÜliñ рãîvidåd the Wàtåã Üåñîmås ñîî1. This cooled wàtåã is
that thåãå was àï efhcient рuÜliñ tãàïsрîãt then pumped Üàñk uïdåãgãîuïd thãîugh à
system that WaS à viàÜlå altemative to the second рiрå. when this ñîî1 Wàtåã ãåàñhåS the
рãivàtå ñàã.
uïdåãgãîuïd wàtåã it is again heated up and the
ñóñ1å sñàãts àgàiï.
Îvåãàl1, this policy is wîãth tãóiïg in îãdåã \
to ãåduñå the domination of city ñåïtãåS Üó 1ï summàãó, this diàgãàm dåmîïStãàtås
mîtîã vehicleS and to ñãåàtå à ñ1åàïåã and mîãå how gåîthåãmàl åïåãgó ñàï Üå à ãåïåWàÜlå
àttãàñtivå uãÜàï åïviãîïmåïñ. Sîuãñå of ålåñtãiñitó, which [àkåS hot wàtåã
fãîm uïdåãgãîuïd and then làtåã pumpS it Üàñk
uïdåãgãîuïd to continue the рãîñåss.
166 Àhswåã key

òàsk 2
The Iïtåãïåt haS gãîwï ãàрidló îvåã the past two
decadeS and it has come to р1àó à ñåïtãàl ãî1å
in åduñàtiîï, the economy and as à Sîuãñå of
iïfîãmàtiîï îï almost àïóthiïg. It has evolved
fãîm à luõuãó to à necessity in many ñîuïtãiås.
Fîã this ãåàsîï, gîvåãïmåïts should take steps
to åïsuãå that àïóîïå who wants to uSe the
Intemet ñàï do sî, îthåãwiså the gap Üåtwååï
the ãiñh and the рîîã within Societies and
Üåtwååï developing and economically advanced
nations is 1ikåló to gãîw Widåã.
Fiãst of à11, acceSsing the Intemet ãåquiãås à
ñîmрutåã îã à mîãå expensive type of mîÜilå
рhîïå, as well aS à telephone line îã WiãålåSS wãitiï9 òåst 4
ñîïïåñtiîï. À11 of these cost mîïåó, and
thåãåfîãå ñàï Üå îÜStàñlås that could рãåvåït sàmріå ãåsрîïsås
рåîр1å going îïliïå. Ñhildãåï whose families òàsk 1
lack the ïåñåssàãó equipment and connections at This tàÜlå shoWS that the ãàtå of Savings îVåã
home àãå at à disadvantage ñîmрàãåd to ñhildãåï this 18-óåàã рåãiîd WaS the gãåàtåst in Siïgàрîãå
WhoSe familieS dî. This does not mean that and Ñhiïà, and that the loWeSt Savings ãàtå Was
govemments Would Üå ãåquiãåd to ñîvåã the cost in the United StàtåS.
of åvåãóîïå using the Iïtåãïåt fãîm hîmå, Üut Siïgàрîãå had the highest ãàtå of Savings aS
these facilities could Üå рãîvidåd fãåå of ñhàãgå at
à рåãñåïñàgå of GDP in Üîth 1990 and 2000,
school liÜãàãiås and рuÜliñ liÜãàãiåS, åsрåñià1ló fîã
When it stood at 43.6Î/î and 46.9Î/î ãåsрåñtivåló.
educational рuãрîsås. ÍîWåvåã, it Was îvåãtàkåï Üó China in 2008,
Likåwiså, wîãkрlàñås that do not have Whåãå the Savings ãàtå came to 5Ç.2°/î.1ï
Iïtåãïåt access could 1àg Üåhiïd wîãkр1àñåS ñîïtãàst, the United StateS had the loWest ãàñå of
that dî. 1ï рîîãåã ñîuïtãiåS, gîvåãïmåïts could Savings in each óåàã, With just 12.1 Î/î in 2008.
suÜSidiså the рuãñhàså of the equipment and the
The îï1ó îthåã cwo ñîuïtãiås in Which the
рãîvisiîï of the iïfãàStãuñtuãå So that рåîр1å ñàï ãàñå of saVings fell With time wåãå Itàló, whåãå
visit Iïtåãïåt sites and doWnload iïfîãmàtiîï it dãîррåd slightly fãîm 20.8Î/î to 20.6% in
quickly and ãåliàÜló, and thåãåÜó Üå Üåttåã àÜ1å 2000 Üåfîãå falling fuãthåã to 18.2% in 2008,
to compete in the national and g1îÜà1 åñîïîmó. and South Êîãåà, Whåãå it went fãîm 37.7Î/î to
SåãViñåS and utilitieS Such as ãuïïiïg wàtåã, 33.6Î/î and 6ïà11ó 31.9%. India ãåñîãdåd à Üig
gàãÜàgå collection and ålåñtãiñitó Wåãå initially iïñãåàså fãîm 2000 to 2008, while Gåãmàïó's
luõuãiås that Üåñàmå ïåñåssitiåS. 1ï the same savings ãàtå fell Üåfîãå ãåtuãïiïg to just àÜîvå its
Wàó, as Iïtåãïåt access iïñãåàsiïgló ÜåñîmåS à inicial ãàtå Üó 2008.
necessity fÎã functioning in the mîdåãï Wîãld, This tàÜlå shoWS that thåãå wåãå Üig
it will Üå up ñî govemments to make suãå that diffåãåïñåS Üåtwååï the savings ãàtås in theSe
thåiã citizenS haVe fãåå îã cheap access to it.
SeVen ñîuïtãiåS, with ASian nationS having
Àhswåã key 167

highåã ãàtås than à11 the ïîï-Àsiàï ñîuïtãiås in The situation with domeSticated animals such
2000 and 2008. aS dogs îã hîãsås is quite diffåãåït. If the ñiãñus
feeds Such ñãåàtuãåS thåiã ïàtuãàl food and gives
them the fãåådîm that they Would get ïîãmàl1ó
Wîãkiïg With humàïS, then I dO not Såå.àïóthiïg
Wãîïg, рàãtiñulàãló if the 1îñà1 gîvåãïmåïñ
insists îï ãågulàtiîïS that рãîtåñt the ñiãñuS
рåãfîãmåãS. If the ñãåàtuãåS àãå Well looked àfñåã
and рãàñtiså thåiã tãiñks with à ñàãåful tãàiïåã,
they might eaSily get to like thåiã ñiãñus lifå.
1ï ñîïñlusiîï, it depends îï the ïàtuãå of the
animal and the conditionS in which it is kåрt.
Рåîр1å Should ñîïsidåã the ÜåSt iïtåãåSts of the
diffåãåït animals ãàthåã than just thåiã own Wish -
to Üå åïtåãtàiïåd.
òàsk 2
LawS to рãåvåït animals Üåiïg used as
åïtåãtàiïmåït àãå imрîãtàï[ in ñîuïtãiås
whåãå animals àãå often not kept in suitàÜlå
ñiãñums[àïñåS. If they àãå not fed рãîрåã1ó îã
àãå mistãåàtåd, eSpecially wild àïimàls, they
ñàï Suffåã. 1ï îthåã ñîuïtãiås, howåVåã, the ãulås
рãîtåñtiïg animals àãå quite Stãiñt. The animals
do not come to àïó hàãm àïd, in fàñt, àãå given sрÅÀêING
adequate food and may eVen enjoy thåiã tãàiïiïg.
whåãå à Wild animal such as à lion îã
sàmріå speaking tests
tigåã is kept in cages à11 its lifå, it Will almost The fÛlîwiïg is àï analysis of the
ñåãtàiïló Suffåã Stãåss and will Show this Üó
рåãfîãòàïñå of the thãåå candidates in the
walking to and fãî fîã hîuãs in its ñàgå. Since sample speaking test îï pages 100~13.
à ñiãñus must constantly Üå îï the mîvå, the
ñãåàtuãå Will Üå ñîï¨ïåd like this fîã moSt of Assessment of Candidate 1
its lifå. Fuãthåãmîãå, tãàiïiïg à Wild ÜåàSt to do
Fіuåïñó and ñîhåãåïñå
Something that is not ïàtuãàl is difhñult, and àï
This candidate occaSionally Spoke Íuåïtló, Üut
animal such aS à lion îã tigåã might Üå unwilling
îvåãàll the рàñå was too sloW and he hesitated
to ñîîрåãàñå and consequently will Üå hàãshló
fãåquåïtló. Some pauSes Üåfîãå àïSwåãiïg Wåãå
punished fîã not doing Something that it would too 1îïg. His dålivåãó waS not Smooth and
not do iïStiïñtivåló.
fàã too often he ¨llåd pauses With `åã' while
168 Àïswåã key

thinking of the next Wîãd he wanted to Sàó. Òhãîughîut the iïtåãviåW he used the
This was рàãtiñulàãló ïîtiñåàÜlå duãiïg the 1îïg wîãd `óåàh', whåãåàs `óås' Would Üå mîãå
рãåsåïtàtiîï in the second рàãt of the tåst, Üut àррãîрãiàtå fîã à fîãmàl Speaking tåst, Some
îññuããåd ñhãîughîut the iïtåãViåw. Using Such îthåã exampleS of vîñàÜulàãó used wãîïgló
¨llåãs as à technique to gain thinking time is рàãt wåãå When he ãåfåããåd to `sîmå ñålåÜãà[ås' .
of ïîãmàl Sрååñh, Üut if îVåãusåd, they distuãÜ instead of `ñålåÜãàtiîïs' îã When he Said `wå
the flow of ñîïvåãSàtiîï. Íå did not uSe the full have ïî ãåsidåïñå àãåàs', ìt has à high level of
minute that candidates àãå given to рãåрàãå thåiã alcohol iïsidå' instead of ìt contains à high level
1îïg рãåsåïtàñiîï, and stàãtåd to speak àftåã of àlñîhîl', `gî Üó wàlkiïg' instead of `gÎ îï
àÜîut 15 såñîïds. Due to his slow рàñå, and fîît' îã `wàlk', `wå have à good ãålàtiîï in îuã
with the pauseS and håsitàtiîïS, duãiïg the 1Îïg àрàãtmåïts' (thîugh làtåã he ñîããåñtló mentionS
tãålàtiîïShiрs') and `1 ñàï See à îñåàï îã ãivåã îã
рãåsåïtàtiîï he WaS not àÜ1å to Say Våãó muñh.
Îvåãàl1, he made Våãó few 1îïg uttåãàïñås. like this, îã làkå' instead of `îã something like
Òhãîughîut the iïtåãviåw he ñ1åàã1ó this, îã à làkå'. Íå used `våãó', `littlå' and `quitå'
uïdåãStîîd and gaVe ñîhåãåït àïSwåãs to as quàlihåãs, Üut said ìt's too diffåãåït' instead
the quåStiîïs, though thåãå wåãå à couple of it'S våãó diffåãåït'.
of åõñåрtiÎïS. When asked `Íîw do рåîр1å Gãàmmàã
usuà1ló ¨ïd à р1àñå to live in óîuã ñîuïtãó?',
It is gåïåãà11ó рîSsiÜlå to uïdåãstàïd what this
he àïSwåãåd, `Òhå рåîр1å, åã, ¨ïd, à quiet р1àñå
candidate meant thãîughîuñ the iïtåãviåw, eVen
to live in my ñîuïtãó ÜåñàuSå the ñåïtãå is so
when he made åããîãS, and thåãå wåãå many
ñãîWdåd and So ïîisó'. Îï à ïumÜåã of occasions
instanceS of gãàmmàã Üåiïg used ñîããåñtló. 1ï
when he had not uïdåãStîîd à quåstiîï, he aSked
some caSes he ñîããåñtåd himsålf, fîã iïStàïñå:
fîã it to Üå ãåрåàtåd, which is quite àññåрñàÜ1å in `àïd it's, åã, it hàs, îuã hîmå, flat has thãåå
the ñåst. Repeating îã ãåрhãàSiïg wÎãds used Üó
ãîîms', `óîu musñ', åã, mîviïg, eh you ñàï Üå
the îthåã рåãsîï is à way to get thinking timå, îã
mîvåd'. ÍîwåVåã, thåãå wåãå våãó few complex
to aSk fîã ñlàãi¨ñàtiîï and maintain ñîhåãåïñå.
sentences àïd, as With vîñàÜulàãó, thåãå was àï
when aSked àÜîut placeS that `àãå mîãå pleaSant
iïSuf¨ñiåït ãàïgå of gãàmmàtiñàl stãuññuãås.
to live iï', he Simply and ñîããåñ[1ó aSked `Ìîãå?'
The Simple рãåsåït tenSe WaS almoSt the îï1ó
Íîwåvåã, he Seldom echoed îã ãåрhãàsåd wîãds
tenSe usåd. Îï à few occaSions he 1åft out `àãå',
fãîm the quåstiîïS, àрàãt fãîm when he was
aSked àÜîut `îthåã fàñtîãS' and he ãåsрîïdåd, `1 (`gîSsiр magazines рîрulàã in my ñîuïtãó', `thå
think main fàñtîã is . . .' Íå iïñîããåñtló echoed the рåîр1å iïtåãåståd in this gossip îã sрîãt'), Îã
else uSed ìs' inStead of `àãå' with à рluãàl noun
åõàmiïåã when he WaS asked `whàt do you think
àãå the healthieSt dãiïks?' and he ãåрliåd, `1 like (ìï my ñîuïtãó is most рîрulàã dãiïks special
Òuãkish dãiïks', `thå рåîр1å is elite рåîр1å',
healthiest dãiïks,. `îuã home рãiñåS is ïît, åã, high'). Íå gåïåãà11ó
vîñàÜulàãó used the ¨ïà1 -s when ïåñåssàãó except when he

The candidate gåïåãà11ó used vîñàÜulàãó Sàid, `mó mum àñtuà1ló like the huge kitñhåï'.
àррãîрãiàtåló, Üut displayed îï1ó à limited ãàïgå. Íå also used the wãîïg våãÜ: `1 dîï't iïtåãåStåd
Îï îïå of the few occaSionS when he used à 1åSS gîssiр'. 1ï îïå case the continuouS fîãm Was
common wîãd, it Was used iïñîããåñtló: he tà1kåd uSed instead of the simple рãåsåït: `wå talking to
of `måtãîрîlå ñitiås' inStead of `måtãîрîlitàï ïåighÜîuãs àlwàós' and the simple instead of the
ñitiås'. Íå Sàid, `mó hãst dågãåå is åñîïîmó' ñîïtiïuîus: `Òhàt's why I Study Åïg1ish'. when
inStead of `Åñîïîmiñs', and `1 have to 1åàãï to it was ïåñåSsàãó to uSe the simple past рàssivå,
economy ïåws' inStead of `1 haVe to keep up it waS done iïñîããåñtló: `this Üuildiïg, this
With newS àÜîut the åñîïîmó'. Рàãtiñulàãló in àрàãtmåïts, åã, Üuilt såvåãàl óåàãS àgî'. Îï two
occaSions the -iïg fîãm waS used inStead of the
giving iïfîãmàtiîï àÜîut himsålf, he Should
make Suãå that he uSes the ñîããåñt tåãmiïîlîgó. iï¨ïitivå: ìf you ãåït à house you ñàï, åã, you
Àï$wåã key 169

must, åã; mîviïg', `рãåfåã to Üuóiïg à hîmå'. îvåãàII
The рluãàl fîãms of nouns wåãå gåïåãà11ó The level of this ñàïdidàñå's Spoken English
used ñîããåñtló, Üut thåãå Wåãå some åõñåрtiîïs: is not yet high enough fîã Study at uïivåãsitó
`lîts of fàñilitó', ìï IstàïÜul the рåîр1å
in àï Åïglish-sрåàkiïg ñîuïtãó. Íå is ãålàõåd,
gåïåãà11ó live in the àрàãtmåït', `thåãå àãå lots рåãhàрs too ãålàõåd, and needs to màkå.his
of advantage îã disàdvàïtàgå', `îuã ïåighÜîuãs dålivåãó smîîthåã, fàStåã, mîãå ñîhåãåït and
also is kind рåîрlås'. Òhåãå wåãå cases Whåãå mîãå àññuãàtå. His level of Så1f-ñîããåñtiîï makeS
the wãîïg рãåрîSitiîï Was used (`1Ò is ãålàtåd him hàãd to uïdåãStàïd and affects his äuåïñó,
àÜîut iïfîãmàtiîï', `this àрàãtmåït's à little ñîhåãåïñå and àññuãàñó. Íå needs to Wîãk îï
fàã to ñåïtãå', `this is îthåã fàñtîã fîã chooSe his àññuãàñó in îãdåã to ãåduñå this level of sålf-
thåiã àрàãtmåït', `whåï I look at [îut] the ñîããåñtiîï, and thåãåÜó imрãîVå his äuåïñó. It
wiïdîW'), îã à рãåрîsitiîï Was used whåãå ic would Üå useful fîã him to listen to many typeS
was not needed (`thàt's why the рåîр1å рãåfåã to of Spoken English and to engage in ñîïvåãSàtiîï
màgàziïåS', `thå рåîр1å рãåfåã to quiet р1àñå'), îï à ãàïgå of topics with diffåãåït рåîр1å.
îã whåãå the рãåрîSitiîï Was omitted (`thå
disadvantageS oWn the hîuså', `àlwàós you live Assessment of Candidate 2
the same р1àñå'). Fluency and ñîhåãåïñå
Àãtiñlås wåãå mostly uSed ñîããåñtló, Üut This candidate à1Wàós ãåSрîïdåd рãîmрtló,
Sometimes they wåãå îmittåd: `Wå lived iï,
giving detailed àïswåãS and engaging Wå1l With
åã, Seventh äîîã', `1 think main fàñtîã is, åã, the åõàmiïåã thãîughîut, ñãåàtiïg the imрãåssiîï
thåiã jîÜS', ìt'S advantage fîã make à good fãîm the Üågiïïiïg of the iïtåãviåw that she
ãålàtiîïshiрS'. Àlsî, à couple of рãîïîuïS wåãå Was speaking äuåïtló. She WaS fîãthñîmiïg
îmitñåd: `1 dîï't ãåàd [thåm] îftåï', `рåîр1å and рãîduñåd à lot of 1îïg uttåãàïñåS. when
рãåfåã to dãiïk [it]'. asked `whó did you decide to do à Ìàståãs
Among othåã gãàmmàtiñàl åããîãs, thåãå was of Ñîmmåãñå?', She àïSwåãåd, Ùm, ÜåñàuSå I
îïå example of àï incomplete ñîmрàãàtivå thiïk, if I ñàï gain the ÌàStåã dågãåå màóÜå I
(`high quality than the îthåãs'); iïñîããåññ Wîãd will give à good jîÜ in Ñhiïà. And I will have à
îãdåã with àdvåãÜS (`óîu ñàï get easily à fãiåïd', mîãå îррîãtuïitó to get à good рàó jîÜ which is
`óîu ñàï get eaSily à hîmå'); the Wãîïg wîãd
mîãå àррåàliïg'. When aSked `whàt àãå the moSt
îãdåã With adjectiveS (`1, åã, wants to live à, åã,
рîрulàã dãiïks in óîuã ñîuïtãó?', She àïsWåãåd,
`Âååã, yeah ... Àïd, åã, màóÜå Ñîñà-Ñî1à, Üut
good viåw, has à gOod view àрàãtmåïts'); and
àï åããîã in use of the negative (ìf you live in the I dislike it. I always dãiïk the îãàïgåó Wàtåã
hîusås, åü you hàvå, åã, not à good ãålàtiîïShiрS àïd, uh, jus[ dãiïk the wàtåã'. Unlike the mà1å
thåãå fîã thåiã ïåighÜÎuãs'). ñàïdidàtå, She used the full minute to рãåрàãå håã
1îïg рãåSåïtàtiîï, and Spoke mîãå ñîhåãåïtló
РãîïuïñiàtiÎï
and logically in that section of the tåSt.
Gåïåãàlló, this ñàïdidàtå's рãîïuïñiàtiîï WaS
She made good use of wîãds and åõрãåssiîïS
ñ1åàã, though it would have helped if he spoke
Such as `hîwåvåã' and `îf ñîuãSå'. when she did
à Üit mîãå loudly So that the liståïåã did not
not uïdåãStàïd à quåStiîï, She aSked `Sîããó?'
need to stãàiï ñî uïdåãstàïd him. Òhåãå Wåãå
îã else ãåрåàñåd the Wîãd the åõàmiïåã had
рãîÜlåms with some sounds (å.g. `th'), and some
uSed Which she had not uïdåãstîîd: `Òîwàãd?',
wîãds (å.g. `måñãîрîlå ñitiås' and `hugå'). wîãd `Òãåàt?' She also åstàÜlishåd ñîhåãåïñå Üó
and sentence stãåss was gîîd, as WaS linking
ãåрhãàSiïg Wîãds used Üó the åõàmiïåã. when
(å.g. `hàs à high level of alcohol iïsidå', ìf you
asked `whàt fàñtîãS do you think dåtåãmiïå
ãåït à hîuså, you ñàï'), although the îvåãuså
Whåãå рåîр1å chooSe to 1ivå?', She Sàid, `1 think
of ¨llåãs disãuрtåd the linking of wîãds. The
moSt of . . . moSt of the imрîãtàït ãåàSîï'. Îï
slow рàñå, pauseS and the fãåquåït use of `åã'
à couple of occaSions She did not àïsWåã the
рãîduñåd àï uneven ãhóthm of sрååñh.
170 Àïswåã key

quåstiîï, Such aS håã iïñîhåãåït ãåSрîïså When I have my own house I lived in it and I feel oh
asked àÜîut healthy dãiïks. that it, that Üålîïgs to må. And I think I have
à fàmiló, um, Üut if I live in the house just ãåït
vîñàÜulàãó fãîm sîmåÜîdó, I think I'm alwayS Wîããiåd'.
1ï gåïåãà1, the VîñàÜulàãó and åõрãåssiîïS She Íîwåvåü She did Üåttåã làtåã in the iïtåãviåw: .-
used wåãå àррãîрãiàtå although she lacked some Ìf you Want to go out îã go to wîãk, go to
Üàsiñ vÎñàÜulàãó (fîã åõàmрlå, she uSed `рàãkiïg uïivåãSitó, óîu'll ¨ïd that the tãàfhñ alwayS
ãîîm' fîã `gàãàgå'). Íîwåvåã, håã vîñàÜulàãó Ülîñk, it Will Waste à lot of timå'.
ãàïgå is often quite limitåd. She confused `fåW'
She often used the siïgulàã fîãm of nouns
and `littlå' when She Said `1 have little fãiåïd',
ãàthåã than рluãàls: `màgàziïå', `moviå stàã, TV
and såvåãàl times used adjectives instead of
stàã and the Siïgåã, the famous siïgåã', `îïå of
nouns (`thå imрîãtàïñ ãåàSÎï is ñîmfîãtàÜlå
the ãåàsîï', `siõ Üådãîîm', `îïå of the рãîÜlåm',
and the рãiñå and the ñîïvåïiåït') and nounS `somåtimå they ñàï and the inSect ñlimÜiïg to
instead of adjectiveS (`thå life is våãó låisuãå').
my hîuSå. I'm àfãàid of it'.
She is ñ1åàã1ó à рåãsîï who likes to communicate
But sometimes she used рluãàls ñîããåñtló:
and WaS àÜ1å to рàãàрhãàså to åõрãåsS what she `àïd in îthåã Üig ñitiås'. AS often happenS with
Wanted to Sàó, though she ãàãå1ó used idioms and
рåîр1å Whose 6ãst language doeS not uSe àãtiñlås,
the îï1ó less common åõрãåSsiîï She used was
ìï à wîãd'. She needs to ¨ïd àltåãïàtivå WayS to She Sometimes uSed them when they Wåãå not
ïåñåssàãó: `à lot of óîuïgåã рåîр1å like to See the
say `1 thiïk' to åõрãåss håã opinions and to use
magazine àÜîut it'.
mîãå quàmåãS than `våãó' and `quitå'. Îvåãàll
The рãîïîuï îÜjåñt waS låf[ out at timåS.
the ãàïgå and 1åVål of vÎñàÜulàãó Was simрlå.
When asked `Àãå thåãå àïó hot dãiïks you likå?',
Gãàmmàã she ãåрliåd: `Nî I dîï't likå'; also `thåó cannot
This candidate made à lot of Üàsiñ åããîãS, ñîïtãîl'. Some åããîãs Wåãå also made with
рàãtiñulàãló With VåãÜ tenses and che use of рãåрîSitiîïS: `Studó is Üåttåã to må', `ïît good
the рluãàl. Students with håã leVel of English enough to må' and the våãó common åããîã `mîst
usually have studied the ãulås of the English of рåîр1å,.
tense sóståm, Üut have рãîÜlåms using våãÜs She waS quick to ñîããåñt håãsålf, such aS
ñîããåñtló. She waS gåïåãà11ó gOod With che thiãd When she sàid, `Suñh as Üååã îã àlñîhîl, alcohol
рåãsîï siïgulàã, yet often mixed confused tåïSås: Wàtåã. Yeah alcohol dãiïk, sîããó'. 1ï fàñt, she
`1 will going to have the ÌàStåã of Ñîmmåãñå',
Should have uSed the adjective `àlñîhîliñ',
Ìf I have ãåït à house and I lived it fîã à, fîã à
Üut She Was ñ1åàã1ó mîïitîãiïg håã oWn
1Îïg time màóÜå I think oh it's ÎÊ to må, Üut wîãds. Îvåãàll she shoWed à limi[åd ãàïgå
when I lîîk, um, with it to my fãiåïd màóÜå of gãàmmàtiñàl Stãuñtuãås, though håã åããîãs
I will ¨ïd out that his houSe is Üåttåã to må, seldom led to the liståïåã misuïdåãStàïdiïg what
So I will à11 think màóÜå I will have to looking she måàït.
fîã àïîthåã hîuså'. She sometimes uSed the
Wãîïg VåãÜS: `1 haVe the language ñîuãSås in
РãîïuïñiàtiÎï
my ñî11ågå', `thå house has in willîughÜó'. She This candidate spoke in à lîud, ñ1åàã voice
needs to use the simple paSt tense mîãå îftåï: thюughîut the iïtåãviåw. Òhåãå Wåãå
`whåï I ¨ãst came to Sódïåó' inStead of `îïñå I misрãîïuïñiàtiîïs, especially of sounds that
have Üååï to Sódïåó', and `Whåï I in China I live àãå typically dif¨ñul[ fîã sрåàkåãs of håã hãst
in the àрàãtmåït'. The -iïg fom was Sometimes làïguàgå, Such as `Ìàñquàãiå'. She had diHculty
omitted îã misusåd: `1 will not spend à lot of with the рãîïuïñiàtiîï of some high-fãåquåïñó
time to See the màgàziïå', ìïStåàd of go îutsidå', wîãds and åõрãåssiîïs such as `gîîd рàó jîÜ',
`wàït to looking fîã à hîuså'. She had tãîuÜlå `ñî11ågå', `whiñh', `high' and `ñhàt'. Often She
using ñîïditiîïàl, hypothetical StãuñtuãåS: Ìf linked sounds Wåll, aS with: `1 will continue my
ÀïsWåã k®ó 171

studieS thãîughîut my lifå' and ìt'S våãó eaSy tendency to îVåãuså Some ñîïïåñtivås, and to
fîã you to go out fîã shîррiïg'. She StãåSSåd the SometimeS uSe them iïàррãîрãiàtåló. This ñàï Üå
imрîãtàït Wîãds in Såïtåïñås: `màóÜå I will give Seen eSPecially with his uSe of the Wîãd `Sî' at
à good jîÜ in Ñhiïà', `màóÜå the å7юg.rî7zèå7zf the Üågiïïiïg of uttåãàïñåS. Fîã åõàmрlå, when
is ïîñ good åïîugh'. Yet she needs to uSe mîãå aSked Which kinds of magazineS àãå рîрu]àã in
Weak fîãms. 1ï Some uttåãàïñåS, each Wîãd his ñîuïtãó, he ãåSрîïds, `Sî in India рåîр1å love
was given equal stãåsS: `óîu ñàï gain some ñãiñkåt So the ...' and in the 1îïg tuãï when he
iïfîãmàtiîï àÜîut the màgàziïå', `Üut I dislike sàós, `Sî I love gàãdåïiïg also So I had à lot of
it', `Whåï I live in it' and `mîst of рåîр1å рãåfåã ÏîWåãs and åã Whåthåã you sit at my р1àñå some
to live in his oWn house ÜåñàuSå the ãåït of home gàãdåïs. So the house was my fàvîuãitå
the house is quite åõрåïsivå'. Íåã intonation is house in my Whole life åã until ïîw. So I am still
iïäuåïñåd Üó håã native làïguàgå, and although looking fîã à house fîã that kind of hîuSå. So
at times she uses stãåsS timing and intonation ÜåñàuSå I Want to live in à våãó peaceful àãåà ...'.
to good åffåñt, îvåãàll she useS ïîï-Stàïdàãd Íå also îVåãuSås `àlsî' When he Sàós, `thåó ñàï
intonation рàttåãïs that affect how She conveys use the iïtåãïåt àlsî, it is ãåà11ó hålрful. So you
måàïiïg. ñàï do it at home also you dîï't haVe to go and
See someone else So you ñàï ßïd it våãó eaSily
îvåãàII îï the iïtåãïåt àlsî'. Òhåãå is also à tendency to
This candidate is àï effective sрåàkåã Üut îvåãuSå the ¨11åã `likå', which is commonly used
håã spoken English level is not adequate fîã in iïfîãmà1 làïguàgå: `Åã in Üîîks like рåîр1å
uïivåãSitó level Studó. Although She Seems quite have to spend à lot of time to get à idea What
fluåït, håã vîñàÜulàãó ãàïgå is limited to ÜàSiñ they ãåàdiïg àÜîut Üut in magazines they ñàï get
wîãds and рhãàsåS, and håã ñîïtãîl of àññuãàtå like åã, åã they ñàï get àï idea àÜîut the thing
gãàmmàtiñàl stãuñtuãåS is wåàk. Outside fàmiliàã What they àãå ãåàdiïg àÜîut just in à Shîãtåã um
topics She Üågiïs to lose the рãåñisiîï to explain
рåãiîd, shîãt рåãiîd of time and in à senSe like
What she ãåà11ó måàïS. She needs to imрãîvå håã Shîãt lîîk, quick lîîk, óåàh.'
àññuãàñó, ñî expand håã vîñàÜulàãó into mîãå
1ï àdditiîï, he îvåãusås the conjunction
рãåñiså tåãms that Üåttåã åõрãåSs håã måàïiïg, `àïd', fîã åõàmр1å, `Sî these рåîр1å àãå ãåà11ó
and to uSe sentence Stãåss and intonation mîãå
helpful and they ñàï ¨ïd whàtåvåã they àãå
åffåñtivåló. She may Üåïå¨t Üó slightly Slowing
looking fîã thàt'S eaSy fîã them Üåñàuså they ñàï
down the рàñå of håã dålivåãó to give à mîãå
tell them those рåîр1å like what they àãå looking
ñîïsidåãåd ãåsрîïSå.
fîã and they will help to ¨ïd thoSe placeS and
Assessment of Candidate Ç even îï the îthåã hand they ñàï uSe the iïtåãïåt
àlsî, it is ãåà11ó hålрful. So you ñàï do it at
Fіuåïñó and ñîhåãåïñå home also you dîï't have to go and See Someone
As à äuåït ñîmmuïiñàtîã, this candidate ãåàdiló else ...'. Îï occaSion what he is ãåfåããiïg to is
and ñîï¨dåïtló àïsWåãs queStionS and åõрãåSsåS uïñlåàã, fîã inStance when he Sàós, `1 Want to
îрiïiîïS, and gåïåãà11ó ãåSрîïds àррãîрãiàtåló do that ïuãsiïg ñîuãså' and ìt tå1ls àÜîut thoSe
and at låïgth. Íå îññàSiîïà1ló ñîããåñts himsålf, îthåã рãîduñts'.
Which is common in spoken language and quite
àññåрtàÜlå in che tåSt. Òhåãå àãå feW heSicationS vîñàÜuіàãó
and they àãå moStly not 1îïg. If àïóthiïg, the This ñàïdidàtå's ãàïgå of VîñàÜulàãó is adequate
рàñå waS too faSt and speech Would Üå mîãå to convey what he Wants to Sàó, and he uSeS à
ñîhåãåït if he Spoke mîãå slîWló. Though he did ïumÜåã of idiomatic and leSs common lexical
make full uSe of ñhå minute to рãåрàãå his 1îïg items àррãîрãiàtåló. ExampleS àãå when he
рãåsåïtàtiîï, he would Üåïåßt fãîm taking mîãå SàóS, Ì'm ãåà11ó into 1ikå um looking àftåã
time to think àÜîut What he is going to Sàó. рåîр1å', `våggiås', and With collocations Such
His Speech is gåïåãà11ó ñîhåãåït, though this as `hîmåmàdå àlñîhîl', `Såрàãàtå tîilåt', `dàãk
does Üãåàk down at timåS, рàãtiñulàãló with à ñhîñîlàtå' and `Üàsiñ ïååds'. Íå àррåàãs
172 ÀïsWåã key

to Üå mîãå ñîmfîãtàÜlå in the use of less iïtåãåStiïg suÜjåññ', `gåt à idåà' and `viåW of ñitó'.
fîãmàl language (åõñåрtiîïS àãå When he SayS The iïñîããåñ. рãåрîSitiîï is Sometimes used å.g.
`disрåïsàãiåS' and `ñîïgåståd' ). `ïåàã tî', `thåãå is à pafk îï the next side of the
1ï gåïåãà1 his VîñàÜulàãó lacks flåõiÜilitó stãååt' and `îï the Wedding рàãtiås'.
and рãåñisiîï, and he has à limited capacity Thoughwhatthis candidate meanS is .-
to рàãàрhãàså. Íå makes Some iïàррãîрãiàtå gåïåãà11ó ñ1åàã, thåãå àãå såvåãàl occasionS When
choiceS When he Says `Stãååt viåW' instead of it is dif¨ñult to uïdåãstàïd What he is tãóiïg to
`viåw of the Stãååt', `migãàït рåîрlåS' inStead of sàó. InStances of ñhis àãå when he sàós, `Üåñàuså
`migãàïts', `ñîlîuã Wise and рiñtuãå wise and the uh in in this competition of uS uh you need
fumituãå wiså', and `liïå of рîvåãtó'. Òhåãå is English if you àãå going it hå1рs in óîuã ñàãååã',
` à house would Üå like våãó îрåï Sidå' and `
sometimes confusion Üåtwååï àdjåñtivåS, nouns
and àdvåãÜs å.g. `thå gîvåãïmåït ¨ïàïñiàl', suÜuãÜàï is mîãå Widåã than ñitó'.
`whåï I ¨ãStló came to Àustãàlià', and `suÜuãÜàï
Рãîïuïñiàtiîï
is mîãå widåã than ñitó'.
Mosc of the time this candidate ñàï Üå
Gãàmmàã uïdåãstîîd, yet his рãîïuïñiàtiîï would
This candidate рãîduñåS complex såïtåïñås, imрãîvå if he spoke mîãå slîwló. The main
though these fãåquåïtló contain åããîãs, å.g. ìf рãîÜlåms àãå at the level of sentenceS and
you àãå living in à house you have à såрàãàtå рhãàSåS, Whåãå his intonation and ãhóthm
wall fãîm óîuã ïåighÜîuãs îã you Will have à sometimes make his message hàãd to
gap Üåtwååï óîuã houSe and the ïåighÜîuã's ñîmрãåhåïd, ãàthåã than with individual wîãds.
hîuSå, so you ñàï't håàã the ïåighÜîuã's ñãó Meaning ñàï Üå conveyed îã made ñ1åàãåã
So it will Üå mîãå såрàãàtå fãîm the - fãîm thãîugh using рàusås, yet thåãå àãå insumcient
othåã hîusåS' ... and ìï some like in developing pauSes in this ñàïdidàtå'S ãàрid-Áãå Sрååñh, and
ñîuïtãiås the gîvåãïmåït should hå1р thoSe it is at timeS not immediately ñ1åàã When he has
рåîр1å who ñàï't àffîãd to Üuó à р1àñå um like ¨ïishåd ãåSрîïdiïg to à quåStiîï, å.g. due to
um mostly those рåîр1å Who àãå living ÜålîW him not using falling iïtîïàtiîï.
the liïå, the line of рîvåãtó, So gîvåãïmåït wîãds àãå sometimeS ãuï tîgåthåã and the
should help them to Üuó à р1àñå'. Òhåãå àãå also lack of chunking makes it difhcult to tell When
ïumåãîuS åããîãs With ÜàSiñ gãàmmàã, including îïå idea haS ended and àïîthåã haS Üåguï.
with àãtiñlås, tenseS and рãåрîsitiîïs. Some individual wîãds and åõрãåssiîïs àãå hàãd
Often the Wãîïg tense is uSåd, fÎã instance to uïdåãStàïd, рàãtiñulàãló due to à tendency
when dåsñãiÜiïg à р1àñå whåãå he uSed to live to make 1Îïg VoWels into Shîãt Vowels and
he SàóS, `1 like that Üåñàuså thåãå is à рàãk îï thãîugh the Wãîïg stãåss within wîãds, å.g. With
`ñîmmuïiñàtå', `рlàóåãs', `màgàziïåS', `lîîk',
the next side of the Stãååt. So I ñàï watch рåîр1å
`àlñîhîl', `рåàñåful', `Stãååt', `liÜãàãó', `ñîlîuã'
playing fîîtÜàll Üåñàuså I love fîîtÜàll and åã
it was ïåàã to à11 the fàñilitiåS'. Also thåãå àãå and `dåvålîрiïg'.
åããîãS With the fîãm of tåïsås, å.g. `whàt [håó
îvåãàII
ãåàdiïg àÜîut' and ` you kind of feeling likå'.
Some рåîр1å speak too sloWly in the attempt
This is also 1àñk of àgãååmåït Üåtwååï suÜ].åñt
to avoid åããîãS and some have the opposite
and våãÜ å.g. `рåîр1å Who åã owns thåiã oWn
homå' and `thå ñuãtàiïs was ãåà11ó ïiñå'.
tåïdåïñó. That is, they àãå So keen to
communicate that they do not take enough
Òhåãå àãå ïumåãîus instances of åããîãS in
ñàãå with àññuãàñó. This candidate seems to
the use of ñîmрàãàtivås å.g. `mîãå Üiggåã than
Üå1îïg to the làttåã gãîuр. Íå is adept at using
à àрàãtmåït', `mîãå tàllåã than à houSe `, `sîmå
colloquial vîñàÜulàãó and has the ñîï¨dåïñå to
ãåSidåïtiàl àãåàs àãå våãó like åã våãó good
communicate äuåïtló, even if he SometimeS lacks
than îthåãs' and `thåså kinds of placeS àãå våãó
ñîhåãåïñå. Îvåãàll, if he sloWed down the рàñå
ñîmfîãtàÜlå than îthåãs'. Òhåãå àãå åããîãs With
at which he tàlks, he would haVe mîãå time to
àãtiñlåS, рàãtiñulàãló omitting thåm: ìt'S not
ÀïsW®ã key 173

thiïk, which Would mean he Would not haVe to him to рãîduñå mîãå ñîhåãåït uttåãàïñås, to uSe
ñîããåñt himså1f and change diãåñtiîï midway wîãds such as `óåàh', `sî' and `likå' 1åss îftåï,
thãîugh sentenceS So îftåï. This would also help and he Would Üå åàSiåã to uïdåãSñàïd.
him aVoid Some of the gãàmmàã mistàkås, åïàÜ1å
Audio CD contents
CD 1 ListeningTests 1 and 2 CD 2 ListeningTests 3 and 4 CD Ç SpeakingTests
Òãàñk HsteningTest l Òãàñk ListeningTest 3 Òãàñk speakingTests

1 |ïstãuñtiîïs 1 |ïstãuñtiîïs 1 Sàmр|åSрåàkiïgÒåst
2 Section 1 2 SàmрIåSрåàkiïgÒåst:
2 Section 1
3 Section 2 Candidate 1
3 Section 2
4 Section 3 3 sàmрIåSрåàkiïgÒåst:
4 Section Ç
Candidate 2
5 Såñtiîh4 5 Section 4
4 SàmрIåSрåàkiïgÒåst:
Òãàñk ListeningTest 2 Òãàñk ListeningTest 4 Candidate 3
6 |ïStãuñtiîïs 6 |ïstãuñtiîïs 5 SpeakingTestl
7 section 1 7 Section 1 6 SрåàkiïgÒåst2
8 SåÜtiîï2 8 Section 2 7 SрåàkіïgÒåst3
9 Section 3 9 Section Ç 8 SрåàkiïgÒåSt4
10 Section 4 10 Section 4 9 SрåàkiïgÒåst5
10 SрåàkiïgÒåst6

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Репетитор английского языка

Associated companies and ãåрãåsåïtàtivås

Ñîрóãight © Philip Gîuld, Ìiñhàå1 Ñ1uttåãÜuñk 2004, 2011

À11 ãights ãåsåãVåd.

Åduñàtiîïà1 iïsti.utiîïs copying àïó рàãt of this Üîîk

National LiÜãàãó of Àustãà1ià

Àuthîã: Gîuld, Рhiliр, 1959-

РuÜ1ishåã : Vivienne Wiïtåã

Reading TeSt 2 Listening TeSt 4

Tips fîã doing the wãitiïg Test

Àррãîõimàtå ó 30 miïutås, р us 10 minutes to tãàïsfåã

The |iståïiïg module is the fiãSt рàãt of the test you

The |iståïiïg module is ãåñîãdåd using à ãàïgå of

to ãåàd the questions Üåfîãå each Section is håàãd. ASyou|iståïtotheãåñîãdiïgofeachsåñtiîï,WãitåóîuãàïsWåãsinthequestionÜîîklåt.

At the end of the fîuãth Såñtiîï, you àãå given

40 questions (10 queStions рåã såñtiîï)

Section 1: àïSection2:àà ñîïvåãsàtiîï Üåtwååï two SрåàkåãS in àîãmàl|ifåsituàtiîï,å.g.Üuóiïgàticketmîïî|îguå(i.å.spokenÜóîïåsрåàkåã)ÜîutàSîñià|(ïîï-àñàdåmiñ)tîрiñ,

åSectionÇ:àåsection4:àã .g. joining à ñ|uÜñîïvåãSàtiîïÜåÜîutàïeducatio.g.WhattheStudрãåsåïtàtiîïÜóeIatedtoeducatl

Section 1 Dialogue Social topicS

2 FOcusEng îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

Ïрs fîã doing the Hstening Test

4 FOcusing Îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

6 The ñîïtãàñt the ñustîmåã haS noW is

ò ÀlwàóSWåàã11 inside the hîtå1.

v Íiãå Üåàñh items at the 12

v Do not feed the 16

6 Focusing Îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

À confusion D рîîã eyesight

27 In Which ofthe fî1lîWiïg medical рãîÜ1åms ñàï the damage Üå ãåVåãSåd?

v Dimcult to count Òuàãåg population due to 31

ò Òuàãåg рåîр1å'S skin often 1îîks Ü1uå ÜåñàuSå of ñîlîuã of thåiã 32

ò Dãó såàsîï: gãàiïs àïdfãuit.

OccupationS of Òuàãåg in ñîuïtãóSidå

ò Fîã tãàdå Üåtwååï Sàhå1 and Ìåditåããàïåàï.

v Maximum load рåã ñàmå1: 300 kilîgãàms р1uS ãidåã.

v ÒãàVå1 South slîW1ó at ¨ãst so ñàmå1S ñàï 35

v Hausapeople tãàdå ñ1îth and millet fîã36 and dàtås.

8 Focusing Îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

37 The main Wîãk îfÒuàãåg women in gãîWiïg ñюрS is

`®î Íståï]ïg Test 2 +380674872766

1Î FOcusing îï IELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåsts

AppIicatiOn fÎã dãiviïg Iicence

CIass of Iiñåïñå: 1..

Date of üiãth: 17 Ìàãñh 1994

PhOne ïumÜåã: ç..

Method of рàómåït: 5..

Ñ most ñîmfîãtàÜ|å G safeSt

12 Fîñusiïg îï lELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåSts

21 The 1àãgåst ïumÜåãS of

1l4 Fîñusiïg îï lELTs Academic РãàñtiñåÒåSts

ñюі.Fюâò Complete the notes Üålîw.

рãàñtiñå, 31 fîã рãàñtiñå, Üåïå¨.S of óîgà.

v Conducted via Intemet due to effectiveneSs and 32

v 4,000 ãåSрîïdåïts ïàtiîïWidå.

v Råsрîïdåïts: îïå-thiãd tåàñhåãs, twî-thiãds studåïts, 33 Wîmåï.

v Ìà1ås and óîuïgåã рåîр1å рãåfåã mîãå Vigîãîus stólås.

v Àррãîõimàtåló 2% of total рîрulà.iîï рãàñtiså óîgà; higheSt рàãtiñiрàtiîï 35-tî

v Less time Spent îï рhósiñà1 åõåãñiså due to ãiså in рîрulàãitó of 35