UNIT-4

1
THEORY OF MACHINES
SIMPLE MECHANISM
6 KINEMATIC LINK AND PAIRS
2.
3.
Door-closing mechanism
Slider-crank mechanism
1. 2Which of the following statements are correct
with respect to inversion of mechanisms?
Select the correct answer using the code given
below.

71. It is a method of obtaining different

mechanisms by fixing different links of
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only

12. the same kinematic chain.

It is a method of obtaining different
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
mechanisms by fixing the same links of [IES – 2017]
different kinematic chains.
4. Consider the following statements pertaining
3. In the process of inversion, the relative
to an example for a cylindrical pair
motions of the links of the mechanisms
1. Piston and cylinder of an IC engine
produced remain unchanged.
2. Shaft supported by a foot step bearing
4. In the process of inversion, the relative
3. Doctor’s injection syringe
motions of the links of the mechanisms
4. A screw driver operating on a screw
produced will change accordingly.
Which of these statements are correct?
Select the correct answer using the code given
(a) 1 and 4 (b) 2 and 3
below.
(c) 1 and 3 (d) 3 and 4
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 1 and 4
[IES – 2011]
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 2 and 4
[IES – 2019] 5. Which of the following are examples of forced
closed kinematic pairs?
2. Consider the following statements:
1. Cam and roller mechanism
1. A kinematic chain is the combination of
2. Door closing mechanism
kinematic pairs joined in such a way that
3. Slider-crank mechanism
the relative motion between them is
4. Automotive clutch operating mechanism
completely constrained.
Select the correct answer using the codes given
2. The degree of freedom of a kinematic pair
below:
is given by the number of independent
(a) 1, 2 and 4
coordinates required to completely specify
(b) 1 and 3
the relative movement.
(c) 2, 3 and 4
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(a) 1 only
[IES – 2003]
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 6. Match List-I (Kinematic pairs) with List-II
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (Practical example) and select the correct
[IES – 2018] answer using the code given below the lists:

3. Which of the following mechanisms are

examples of forced closed kinematic pairs? List – I List – II
A. Sliding pair 1. A road roller rolling over the
1. Cam and roller mechanism
 Simple Mechanism 2

ground (b) both A and R are true but R is not a

B. Revolute pair 2. Crank shaft in a journal correct explanation of A
bearing in an engine (c) A is true but R is false
C. Rolling pair 3. Ball and socket joint (d) A is false but R is true
[IES – 1995]
D. Spherical pair 4. Piston and cylinder
5. Nut and screw 10. A round bar A passes through the cylindrical
Codes: hole in B as shown in the given figure. Which
A B C D one of the following statements is correct in
(a) 5 2 4 3 this regard?
(b) 4 3 1 2
(c) 5 3 4 2
(d) 4 2 1 3
B
[IES – 2002]
A
7. Consider the following pairs of parts:
1. Pair of gear in mesh (a) the two links shown form a kinematic pair
2. Belt and pulley (b) the pair is completely constrained
3. Cylinder and piston (c) the pair has incomplete constraint
4. Cam and follower (d) the pair is successfully constrained
Among these, the higher pairs are: [IES – 1995]
(a) 1 and 4 (b) 2 and 4
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 4 DOF
[IES – 2000] 11. A planer mechanism has 10 links and 12 rotary
8. Consider the following statements: joints. Using Grubler’s criterion, the number of
1. Round bar in a round hole forms a turning degrees of freedom of the mechanism is
pair. (a) 1 (b) 3
2. A square bar in a square hole forms a (c) 2 (d) 4
sliding pair. [IES – 2017]
3. A vertical shaft in a footstep bearing 12. The minimum number of links in a constrained
forms a successful constraint. planer mechanism involving revolute pairs and
Which of these statements are correct? two higher pairs is:
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 1 and 2 (a) 3 (b) 4
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3 (c) 5 (d) 6
[IES – 2000] [IES – 2013]
9. Consider the following statements: 13. The number of degrees of freedom of an
Assertion (A): The elements of higher pairs epicyclic gear train is
must be force closed. (a) Zero (b) One
Reason (R): This is required in order to (c) Two (d) Three
provide completely constrained motion. [IES – 2011]
Of these statements:

(a) both A and R are true and R is the correct 14. Consider the following statements:
explanation of A
 Simple Mechanism 3

1. The degree of freedom for lower The degrees of freedom of the linkage when
kinematic pairs is always equal to one. link ABC is fixed are
2. A ball-and-socket joint has 3 degrees of (a) 0 (b) 1
freedom and is a higher kinematic pair (c) 2 (d) 3
3. Oldham’s coupling mechanism has two [IES – 2002]
prismatic pairs and two revolute pairs. 18. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
Which of the statements given above is/are answer using the codes given below the lists:
correct? List – I List – II
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 only
A. 4 links, 4 turning 1. Complete constraint
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 3 only pairs
[IES – 2005] B. 3 links, 3 turning 2. Successful constraint
pairs
15. Which of the mechanisms shown above
C. 5 links, 5 turning 3. Rigid frame
do/does not have single degree of freedom?
pairs
D. Footstep bearing 4. Incomplete constraint
Codes:
1. 2.
A B C D
(a) 3 1 4 2
(b) 1 3 2 4
3. 4.
(c) 3 1 2 4
(d) 1 3 4 2
[IES – 1999]
(a) 3 and 4 (b) 2 and 3
4 BAR MECHANISM AND
(c) 3 only (d) 4 only
GRASHOF’S LAW
[IES – 2003]
19. Statement I:
16. f  3  n  1  2j. In the Gruebler’s equation In four-bar chain, whenever all four links are
for planer mechanisms given j is the used, with each of them forming a turning pair,
there will be continuous relative motion
(a) Number of mobile links
between the two links of different lengths.
(b) Number of links
Statement II:
(c) Number of lower pairs
For a four-bar mechanism, the sum of the
(d) Length of the longest of the longest link shortest and longest link lengths is not greater
[IES – 2003] than the sum of remaining two links.
17. A linkage is shown below in the figure in [IES – 2018]
which links ABC and DEF are ternary links 20. ABCD is a mechanism with link lengths AB =
whereas AF, BE and CD are binary links. 200, BC = 300, CD = 400 and DA = 350.
Which one of the following links should be
fixed for the resulting mechanism to be a
double crank mechanism? (All length are in
mm)
(a) AB (b) BC
(c) CD (d) DA
[IES – 2004]
 Simple Mechanism 4

21. In the mechanism shown below, link 3 has 1. Slider velocity is zero
2. Slider velocity is maximum
3. Slider acceleration is zero
4. Slider acceleration is maximum
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 4
(a) curvilinear translation and all points in it (b) 1 and 3
trace out identical cycloids (c) 2 and 3
(b) curvilinear translation and all points in it (d) 2 and 4
trace out identical involutes [IES – 2014]
(c) linear translation & all points in it trace 25. Which one of the following mechanism
out identical helices represents an inversion of the single slider
(d) linear translation & all points in it trace crank chain?
out identical ellipses (a) Elliptical trammel
[IES – 2004] (b) Oldham’s coupling
22. Consider a four-bar mechanism shown in the (c) Whitworth quick return mechanism
given figure. The driving link DA is rotation (d) Pantograph mechanism
uniformly at a speed of 100 r.p.m. clockwise. [IES – 2008]

26. In a single slider four-bar linkage when the

slider is fixed, it form a mechanism of
36 cm (a) hand pump
30 cm (b) reciprocating engine
60 o (c) quick return
60 cm (d) oscillating cylinder
The velocity of A will be [IES – 1999]
(a) 300 cm/s
DOUBLE SLIDER CRANK
(b) 314 cm/s MECHANISM
(c) 325 cm/s
27. Which one of the following mechanisms is an
(d) 400 cm/s
inversion of double slider-crank chain?
[IES – 1999]
(a) Elliptic trammels
23. The centre of gravity of the coupler link in a 4- (b) Beam engine
bar mechanism would experience (c) Oscillating cylinder engine
(a) no acceleration (d) Coupling rod of a locomotive
(b) only linear acceleration [IES – 2014]
(c) only angular acceleration
(d) both linear and angular accelerations 28. A man is climbing up a ladder which is resting
[IES – 1996] against a vertical wall. When he was exactly
half way up, the ladder started slipping. The
SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM path traced by the man is:
(a) Parabola (b) Hyperbola
24. Consider the following statements:
(c) Ellipse (d) Circle
In a slider-crank mechanism, the slider is at its
[IES – 2013]
dead centre position when the
 Simple Mechanism 5

29. In a elliptic trammel, the length of the link Which one of the following diagrams shows
connecting the two sliders is 100 mm. the 

tracing pen is placed on 150 mm extension of the velocity of slider x with respect to the
this link. The major and minor axes of the crank angle?
ellipse traced by the mechanism would be x x
(a) 250 mm and 150 mm
(a) (b)
(b) 250 mm and 100 mm
(c) 500 mm and 300 mm
(d) 500 mm and 200 mm x
[IES – 2012] (c) (d) None of these

30. The double slider-crank chain is shown below

[IES – 2004]
in the diagram in its three possible inversions.
The link shown hatched is the fixed link: MISCELLANEOUS

32. Consider the following motions:

1. 2. 1. Piston reciprocating inside an engine
cylinder
2. Motion of a shaft between foot-step
bearings
Which of the above can rightly be considered
3. as successfully constrained motion?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Which one of the following statements is [IES – 2016]
correct?
(a) Inversion (1) is for ellipse trammel and 33. Match List-I (Principle/Method) with List-II
inversion (2) is for Oldham coupling (Corresponding Application) and select the
(b) Inversion (1) is for ellipse trammel and correct answer using the code given below the
inversion (3) is for Oldham coupling lists:
(c) Inversion (2) is for ellipse trammel and List – I List – II
inversion (3) is for Oldham coupling A. Klein’s 1. Instantaneous centres
(d) Inversion (3) is for ellipse trammel and construction in linkages
inversion (2) is for Oldham coupling
B. Kennedy’s 2. Relative acceleration
[IES – 2004]
theorem of linkages
31. The crank of the mechanism shown below in C. D’ Alembert’s 3. Mobility of linkages
the diagram rotates at a uniform angular principle
D. Grubler’s rule 4. Dynamic forces in
velocity w
linkages
x
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 4 1 2 3
(b) 2 3 4 1
(c) 4 3 2 1
(d) 2 1 4 3
θ
[IES – 2008]
 Simple Mechanism 6

34. Consider the following statements: 37. Which of the following are examples of a
1. Lower pairs are more resistant than the kinematic chain?
higher pairs in a plane mechanism.
2. In a 4-bar mechanism (with 4 turning
pairs), when the link opposite to the
shortest link is fixed, a double rocker
mechanism results. (1) (2)

Which of these statements is/are correct?

(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
[IES – 2006] (3) (4)

35. Match List-I (Mechanism) with List-II Select the correct answer using the codes given
(Motion) and select the correct answer using below:
the codes given below the lists: (a) 1, 3 and 4 (b) 2 and 4
List – I List – II (c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
A. Hart mechanism 1. Quick return motion [IES – 1998]
B. Pantograph 2. Copying mechanism
38. Which of the following pairs are correctly
C. Whitworth mechanism 3. Exact straight line motion
matched? Select the correct answer using the
D. Scotch yoke 4. Simple harmonic motion
codes given below the pairs.
5. Approximate straight line
Mechanism Chain from which derived
motion
1. Whitworth quick 1. Single slider crank chain
Codes:
return motion
A B C D
2. Oldham’s coupling 2. Four bar chain
(a) 5 1 2 3
3. Scotch yoke 3. Double slider crank
(b) 3 2 1 4 chain
(c) 5 2 1 3 Code:
(d) 3 1 2 4 (a) 1 and 2 (b) 1, 2 and 3
[IES – 2002] (c) 1 and 3 (d) 2 and 3
36. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct [IES – 1998]
answer using the codes given below the lists: 39. Match List-I (Positioning of two shafts) with
List – I List – II List-II (Possible connection) and select the
A. Cam and follower 1. Grubler’s rule correct answer using the codes given below the
B. Screw pair 2. Grashoff’s linkage
lists:
C. 4-bar 3. Pressure angle
List – I List – II
D. Degree of freedom of 4. Single degree of freedom
A. Parallel shafts with 1. Hook is joint
planar mechanism
slight offset
Codes: B. Parallel shafts at a 2. Worm and wheel
A B C D reasonable distance
(a) 3 4 2 1 C. Perpendicular shafts 3. Oldham coupling
(b) 1 2 4 3 D. Intersecting shafts 4. Belts and pulley
(c) 1 4 2 3
(d) 3 2 4 1 [IES – 2001]
 Simple Mechanism 7

Codes:
A B C D
(a) 4 3 2 1
(b) 4 3 1 2
(c) 3 4 1 2
(d) 3 4 2 1
[IES –1997]

ANSWER-KEY
1. (a) 11. (b) 21. (a) 31. (b)

2. (c) 12. (b) 22. (b) 32. (b)

3. (a) 13. (c) 23. (d) 33. (d)

4. (b) 14. (d) 24. (a) 34. (c)

5. (a) 15. (d) 25. (c) 35. (b)

6. (d) 16. (c) 26. (a) 36. (a)

7. (a) 17. (a) 27. (a) 37. (b)

8. (c) 18. (d) 28. (d) 38. (c)

9. (a) 19. (c) 29. (c) 39. (d)

10. (c) 20. (a) 30. (a)