AGURCHAND MANMULL JAIN SCHOOL

Meenambakkam, Chennai

PHYSICS
CLASS: X

Exp. No: 1 VERIFICATION OF OHM’S LAW

Date:

AIM: (Ruled side)

To study the dependence of potential difference (V) across a resistor on the
current (I) passing through it and determine its resistance. Also plot a graph
between V and I.

APPARATUS REQUIRED: (Ruled side)

A battery, an insulated copper wire (cut into 10 pieces), a key, an ammeter,
a voltmeter, a rheostat and a resistor.

THEORY: (Ruled side)

The potential difference V across the ends of a given metallic wire in an
electric circuit is directly proportional to the current I flowing through it, at
constant temperature.
V∝I

Therefore,
V = IR
R = V/I

Where, R - Resistance measured in Ohm (Ω), I - Current measured in

ampere (A), V - Potential difference measured in volt (V).

PROCEDURE: (Ruled side)

 Draw the circuit diagram in the notebook before proceeding with the
experiment.
 Set up the circuit connections as shown in the diagram. Ammeter is
always connected in series and voltmeter is connected in parallel

1
 across the points between which potential difference is to be
measured.
 Also ensure that positive and negative terminal of the ammeter and
voltmeter are connected correctly.
 Insert key in the plug and allow the current to flow through the
circuit. Note the reading of the voltmeter and ammeter and record it in
the observation table.
 Remove the plug key as soon as you have noted the readings of the
ammeter and voltmeter.
 Increase the voltage by adjusting the rheostat and take more readings
of the voltmeter and corresponding ammeter.
 Plot the graph by plotting potential difference reading in x-axis and
current along y-axis.
 Calculate the value of resistance R.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: (Unruled side)

MODEL GRAPH: (Unruled side)

2
OBSERVATION TABLE: (Unruled side)

A. Ammeter and Voltmeter Measurements

S. No Quantity Ammeter (A) Voltmeter (V)

1 Range
2 Least Count
3 Zero Error
4 Zero Correction

B. Readings of Voltmeter and Ammeter

S.No Voltmeter Readings (V) Ammeter Readings (I) Resistance in

Observed Corrected Observed Corrected Ohm (R)
1
2
3

RESULT: (Ruled side)

 The graph between voltage and current is a straight line passing

through the origin, i.e., voltage is directly proportional to current.
 The ratio of voltage and current is a constant for the conductor and
gives its resistance
 From the graph, we find that the slope of the straight line gives us the
resistance of the conductor.
 The resistance of the conductor is __________ ohm.

PRECAUTIONS: (Ruled side)

 The connecting wires should be made of thick copper and the

insulation of the ends should be removed.
 The connection should be tight.
 The ammeter should always be connected in series and voltmeter
should always be connected in parallel.
 The pointer of the ammeter and voltmeter should be at zero mark
when there is no current through the circuit.
 The current should be passed through the circuit for a short time
while taking the observation to avoid unnecessary heating of the
components.