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University of Mumbai

DEPARTMENT OF LIFELONG LEARNING AND EXTENSION

“EXTENSION WORK PROJECT REPORT”

1. Name of the Student: PAREKH MITISHA AMRISH

2. Class: FOURTH YEAR BA.LLB

3. Div: B

4. Roll No: 08

5. Name and Address of the College: KES’ Shri Jayantilal H Patel Law College,
Kandivali

6. Extension Work Project enrolled for:

I) Community Oriented Projects

1. Population Education Club (PEC)
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DEPARTMENT OF LIFELONG LEARNING AND EXTENSION DESIGN OF

PROJECT REPORT WRITING 2023-2024

 Acknowledgement by the Student

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the Department of Lifelong Learning and
Extension (DLLE) for their constant assistance and direction during this process. I have been
able to approach this venture with confidence and determination because of their commitment to
excellence and dedication. My deepest appreciation goes out to Anushree Ma'am, Nilima
Ma'am, and Shivani Ma'am for their priceless guidance and support. Their knowledge,
tolerance, and eagerness to go above and above have greatly influenced my perspective and
methodology. In addition to enhancing my academic experience, their mentoring has given me
the confidence to overcome obstacles and pursue success in all facets of my path. I sincerely
appreciate their generosity, discernment, and steadfast assistance.

Mitisha Parekh
Fourth Year BA. LLB
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 My reason for joining Extension Work Activity:

Answer: My involvement in Dlle's Population Education Club was a life-changing event that
gave me access to priceless knowledge and abilities. I developed a deeper awareness of social
concerns and the value of community involvement through events like organizing rallies on
women's empowerment and touring a drug recovery facility in Dongri. Participating in these
programs gave me the opportunity to establish trusting relationships with people from other
groups while also making a significant contribution to worthy causes. Through my active
involvement in club activities, I developed my leadership and communication abilities and
positively impacted society by taking on jobs like event planning and discussion facilitation. I
found Dlle's Population Education Club to be a generally enlightening, powerful, and enriching
experience.

 Please write about the difficulties you faced while conducting activities.

Answer: Initially, I faced challenges such as coordinating schedules with other members,

navigating logistical issues for events like the Dongri visit, and ensuring effective communication

within the team. Additionally, gaining trust and building rapport with members of different

communities required time and patience. However, through perseverance and teamwork, these

challenges were overcome, and the experience became incredibly rewarding.

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 How did you overcome the difficulties?

Answer: Through perseverance and teamwork, these challenges were overcome, and the

experience became incredibly rewarding.

 Please write about your expectations from extension work activities.

Answer: My expectations from extension work activities were to deepen my understanding of

social issues, develop practical skills in community engagement and organization, and make a

tangible difference in people's lives. I hoped to foster empathy, broaden my perspective, and

contribute meaningfully to the betterment of society. Additionally, I aimed to build lasting

connections with diverse communities and fellow participants, while also gaining valuable

leadership and teamwork experience. Overall, I anticipated extension work activities to be an

opportunity for personal growth, social impact, and positive change

 Are your expectations fulfilled? Please brief.

Answer: My expectations were fulfilled as I deepened my understanding of social issues,

developed practical skills in community engagement, made a tangible difference, built lasting

connections, and gained valuable leadership experience

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 What did you learn by Extension Activities? (gain / loss)

Answer: I discovered the value of empathy, clear communication, and flexibility in handling social
difficulties through extension activities. I acquired useful abilities in leadership, planning events, and
community involvement. In addition, I gained a greater comprehension of a number of societal
challenges, like drug addiction and women's empowerment, and I came to grasp the need of
cooperation and teamwork in bringing about significant change. All in all, the extension activities
taught me priceless lessons about empathy, resiliency, and the strength of group effort.

 How will Extension Work help you to contribute to the Society?

Answer: My employment has given me the knowledge, abilities, and compassion I need to positively
influence society. Through active participation in communities, event planning, and social concerns, I
have strengthened my ability to advocate for change and support programs that advance empowerment,
equality, and well-being. Furthermore, the connections made at these events offer a solid basis for
ongoing cooperation and group efforts to develop a better, more inclusive society. In the end, the
knowledge and skills I've acquired via this work enable me to actively engage in and make a positive
impact on society, one small step at a time.

 What is your suggestion?

Answer: We must ensure active participation from community members, prioritize education and

awareness, collaborate with local stakeholders, and regularly assess impact for ongoing

improvement.
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ACTIVITY RELATED HOURS (WORK) TABLE

POPULATION EDUCATION CLUB (PEC) –

(College Level)

Sr. Date Topic Methodology Co- AV Hrs. Outcome

No. / Activity ord. Aids
agency used
1 13th Elocution Exploring At NO 10 Session provided
January, Distant College a comprehensive
2024 Education overview of the
Opportunities multifaceted
nature of distant
education
opportunities.

2 10th Debate The Need for At NO 10 The debate

February, laws on College concluded with a
2024 Sexual consensus on the
Harassment at critical need for
Workplaces robust laws
addressing
sexual
harassment in
workplaces.

3 5th March Discussion Exploring At NO 10 The class

2024 Values and College discussion
Ethics in the yielded
Legal valuable
Context insights into

the intricate
interplay
between
values, ethics,
and the
practice of law.
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4 1st Essay Violence At NO 10 Researched on

March,2024 against College laws prevailing
women, Laws for women safety
protecting
women and
Inheritance law

Total 40

(Community Level)

Sr. Date Topic Activity / Hours Outcome

No. Other
Information
1 31st Rally Build Report 20 Increasing
January,2024 Mathuradas with the awareness
Road Community among the
(Community) public about

the existence
and
significance of
women
protection
laws.
2 25th October, Dongri Educate 30 The visit to
2023 Correction Them yielded several
Home Visit positive
outcomes, with
increased
understanding
and empathy
towards the
residents,
recognizing
their humanity
and potential
for positive
change
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3 20th January, Street Play UDAAN Street Play on 20 Raised

2024 Festival Importance of awareness on
Voting importance of
voting

Total (70) as per

individual

Please mention below your research findings and conclusions from this project. Answer:
Being enrolled in the DLLE program and participating in activities such as elocution, debate,
group discussions, women empowerment rallies, and visits to addiction centers in Dongri, I have
gained a comprehensive understanding of various social issues and developed essential
communication and advocacy skills. Through research and firsthand experiences, I have
learned the importance of effective communication, critical thinking, empathy, and social
responsibility in addressing societal challenges. These experiences have not only broadened
my perspective but have also empowered me to contribute positively to my community and
advocate for meaningful change.
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KES’ Shri Jayantilal H Patel Law College

Sr. Date Name of Topic of Participa Location/ Pos No Signatu
No. the activity the tion for / Place of ter of re of the
such as: activity: as: performa pre Ho Extensi
Street (Save writing, nce par urs on
Play, Food, directing (College / ed Work
group Child , Commun Yes Teache
songs, Labor, performi ity) / No r
poster, Environ ng, music
allocution ment, or
, speech Pollution, singing,
lessons women poster
etc. empower designin
ment etc.) g,
painting
etc.

1 25th Dongri Educate

October Visit them and Organize r Communi YE 30
, 2023 do of ty S
recreation Recreatio
al activities nal
activities
Exploring
2 13th Distant Speech College NO 10
January Elocution Education
Opportuni
,2024
ties

31st Women
3 January Protection Spreadin g Communi YE 20
,2024 Rally Laws Awarene ty S
ss

10th The Need

4 Februar for laws Discussio n College NO 10
y,2024 Debate on Sexual
Harassme
nt at
Workplac
es
Exploring
5 5th Values and Discussio n College NO 10
March Discussio n Ethics in
2024 the Legal
Context
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6 20th Street Play Importanc Street Communi YE 20

January (UDAAN e of voting Play ty S
, 2024 FESTIVA
L)

7 1st
Februar Training DLLE Orientati College YE 10
y,2024 Program Training on Auditoriu m S

8 11th Project Report Writing College NO 10

March, Report Writing
2024

Essay writing on social issues / Additional Information you may wish to share with us for
improvement.

Answer:

VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN, LAWS PROTECTING WOMEN AND INHERITANCE

LAW

Violence against women is a pervasive and deeply entrenched issue globally, and India is no
exception. Despite significant progress in various spheres, women in India continue to face multiple
forms of violence, including domestic violence, sexual assault, dowry- related violence, and honor
killings. Violence against women issue in India, permeating various aspects of society and affecting
women across age, socio-economic status, and geographical locations. This essay provides a
detailed examination of the multifaceted nature of violence against women in India, exploring its
causes, manifestations, consequences, and the efforts undertaken to address this pressing
issue.Additionally, inheritance laws play a crucial role in shaping women's economic empowerment
and social status within Indian society.

Understanding the Scope and Nature of Violence Against Women

Overview of Different Forms of Violence:
Domestic Violence: Physical, emotional, sexual, and economic abuse perpetrated within intimate
partner relationships.
Sexual Violence: Rape, sexual assault, harassment, and exploitation in public and private spheres.
Dowry-related Violence: Harassment, dowry deaths, and cruelty inflicted upon women for
inadequate dowry payments.
Honor Killings: Murder or violence against women perceived to have brought dishonor to their
families.
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Factors Contributing to Violence Against Women:

Patriarchal Norms: Deep-rooted gender inequalities and power imbalances favoring men. Socio-
cultural Factors: Traditional beliefs, customs, and practices perpetuating discrimination and
violence against women.
Economic Disempowerment: Limited access to resources, employment opportunities, and financial
independence.
Legal Loopholes: Inadequate implementation and enforcement of laws protecting women's rights.

Regional Disparities and Vulnerable Groups:

Urban vs. Rural Disparities: Varied prevalence and manifestations of violence against women
in urban and rural settings.
Marginalized Communities: Dalit women, tribal women, religious minorities, and
LGBTQ+ individuals facing intersecting forms of discrimination and violence.

Consequences of Violence Against Women:

Physical and Psychological Health Effects
Physical Injuries: Physical trauma, injuries, and disabilities resulting from violence. Mental
Health: Depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and suicide attempts
among survivors.
Reproductive Health: Unintended pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and
gynecological complications.

Socio-economic Impacts:
Economic Dependency: Financial constraints, loss of income, and barriers to accessing
employment opportunities.
Social Stigma: Marginalization, ostracization, and victim-blaming perpetuating the cycle of
violence and silence.
Disrupted Family Dynamics: Breakdown of familial relationships, intergenerational trauma,
and adverse effects on children.

Legal and Institutional Responses to Violence Against Women

Legislative Framework:
As per National Crime Records Bureau which is available up to 2016, the details of State/UT-wise
cases registered under crime against women and crime against children during 2014- 2016 are at
Annexure-I.
The Ministry recognizes that incidence of crime against women cannot be controlled unless
mindsets of people, in general, are made to change. There are many reasons behind increasing
crimes against women such as unequal economic, social and political status of women, patriarchal
mindsets etc.
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‘Police’ and ‘Public Order’ are State subjects under the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of
India. The responsibilities towards maintenance of law and order and protection of life and property
of citizens rest primarily with State Governments.
The State Governments are competent to deal with such offences under the extant provisions of
laws. However, safety and security of women and children in the country is of utmost priority for
the Government.
The Ministry of Women and Child Development has been administering various special laws
relating to women such as ‘The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005’, ‘The
Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961’, ‘The Indecent Representation of Women (Prohibition) Act, 1986’,
‘The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act,
2013’, and ‘The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006’. India is signatory to United Nations
Convention on Right of Child (UNCRC) since 1992. In adherence to its commitment to ensure
child rights, the Government has framed the National Policy for Children 2013 and National Plan
of Action 2016.
It has also framed Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection) Act, 2015, The Protection of Children
from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012 and The Commissions for Protection of Child Right
(CPCR) Act, 2005.
The Government of India has set up a non-lapsable corpus of fund under Nirbhaya Fund Framework
for enhancing safety and security of women. The Ministry of Women and Child Development is
also implementing Schemes including the Scheme of ‘One Stop Centres’ for violence affected
women, the Scheme of ‘Women Helpline’ and the Scheme of ‘Mahila Police Volunteers’ under the
Nirbhaya Fund Framework.
The Ministry has also launched various programs and Schemes for reducing gender related
disparities. The Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY), has been launched for
promoting a better enabling environment by providing cash incentives for improved health and
nutrition to pregnant and lactating mothers.
The Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP) is a comprehensive program to address the declining Child
Sex Ratio (CSR) and related issues of empowerment of girls and women over a life- cycle
continuum with coordinated efforts of Ministries of Health and Family Welfare and Human
Resource Development with Ministry of Women and Child Development.
Mahila Shakti Kendra scheme empowers rural women through community participation through
involvement of Student Volunteers. Ujjawala scheme is targeted for rescue, rehabilitation and re-
integration of women and child victims of trafficking.
Further, the Government recognizes that the incidence of crime against women and children cannot
be controlled unless mindset of people, in general, undergoes a positive change.
Therefore, The Government of India conducts awareness generation programs and publicity
campaigns on various laws relating to women and their rights through workshops, cultural events,
seminars, trainings, advertisements in print and electronic media etc.

Inheritance Laws
For centuries, women have fought for the privilege of inheriting family property worldwide. The
notion of granting women property rights was frowned upon in many countries since they believed
they would not always remain with their birth families. India
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is no exception, with a long history of tradition dictating that property should only be passed down
to male heirs.
However, things have changed in recent years, and women in India now have more rights when it
comes to inheriting property.
The law of inheritance has been amended to allow women to inherit property from their parents,
grandparents, and other relatives equally. The Married Women’s Property Act also protects a
married woman’s right to own and dispose of the property in her name. In the section below, we
will discuss the law of inheritance in India.
Women’s Property Rights Under Hindu Law
The Hindu Succession Act has controlled the inheritance rights of Hindus, Buddhists, Sikhs, and
Jains in India since 1956. The Hindu canonical “shastra” and custom rules were used to regulate
Hindus living in various parts of the nation before the Hindu Succession Act (HSA), 1956.
Once a Hindu male tragically died intestate, daughters had equal rights to their father’s private
property. However, they had no claim to the joint family or inherited property. Only an organization
known as the Coparcenary, which is understood to refer to male members of a dynasty, had the
power to acquire ancestral property. According to these rules, “sons” were regarded as “Hindu
Coparcenary” and had a title to a family estate by birth.
The Hindu Succession Act of 1956 became the first law passed after independence to establish a
comprehensive and consistent framework for Hindu inheritance. It was implemented as a reform to
the current system. The Hindu Women’s Rights to Property Act of 1937 had been in effect for
women’s inheritance laws before the HSA. Its adoption was revolutionary in and of itself since it
granted Hindu widows their first-ever succession rights.

Muslim Women’s Inheritance Rights

Muslim inheritance laws are based on Islamic legislation, holy decrees, and Quranic principles. It
is thought that gendered ideas about inheritance rules predated Islamic Arabia, with only men’s
preferences being expressed and women having no inheritance rights. Although it is believed that
the Prophet instituted changes to bring about gender equality, there remains inequality in the
relationships between men and women.
Sunni and Shia are the two schools of thought that make up Muslim law. India is the primary
operating country for the Sunni school. Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi, and Hanbali are its four sub-schools.
Most Muslims in India practice the Hanafi thought system.
According to the Hanafi school (3 principles and 4 subsidiaries), the Agnatic, Koranic, and uterine
heirs are the main heirs. The subsidiaries are the state, the recognized relative, the only legatee, and
the successor through agreement.

Christian Women’s Inheritance Rights

The Indian Succession Act of 1925 addresses the ownership rights of Christian women in India.
The fact that such an act doesn’t in any way discriminate against women is one of its strongest
features.
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All male and female offspring are regarded as lineal descendants and are entitled to an equal portion
of the inheritance of the intestate parents. It also grants widows and divorcees the same rights over
their husbands’ possessions.
The 1925 Act’s Section 33 explains how such an intestate male’s estate would pass to his widow,
whether she has lineal offspring or family or not.
In addition, a husband (widower) possesses the very same rights to his intestate wife’s property
under Section 35 of the 1925 Act in a manner comparable to that granted to the widow under Section
33.
In India, women have the same legal rights as men regarding inheriting and owning property.
However, there are still some disparities between the sexes when it comes to these laws. For
example, married women’s rights to property are often not as well protected as those of unmarried
women.
Additionally, the law of inheritance favors sons over daughters in many cases. In India, the
government is working to close the gap between the sexes regarding property law, and there has
been some progress in recent years.
The Married Women’s Property Act is a great initiative as a married woman has the right to own
and dispose of the property in her name.
In conclusion, Violence against women in India is a complex and multifaceted issue with deep-
seated roots in gender inequality, cultural norms, and socio-economic disparities. Addressing this
pervasive problem requires a comprehensive approach encompassing legal reforms, social
interventions, and community empowerment initiatives. By prioritizing women's rights,
challenging patriarchal structures, and fostering inclusive societies, India can aspire towards a
future where every woman lives free from fear and violence.
Violence against women remains a significant challenge in India, necessitating robust legal
frameworks and comprehensive strategies for prevention, protection, and redressal. While
legislative measures have been enacted to address this issue, their effectiveness depends on various
factors, including implementation, enforcement, and societal attitudes.
Additionally, inheritance laws play a crucial role in shaping women's economic empowerment and
social status, highlighting the need for gender-sensitive reforms in this area. By addressing the root
causes of violence against women and ensuring equitable access to inheritance rights, India can
progress towards a more inclusive and gender-just society.