Pareto Chart: (Bar Graph in descending order of frequency)

Definition: The Pareto diagram/chart is a very powerful tool for showing the relative importance of problems (or causes of a problem
Information can be collected initially by: a) an audit; b) a survey using a questionnaire; c) developing a Driver Diagram and using Multi
change ideas.

The highest frequency is the first bar in the Pareto Diagram and the next bar is the second highest frequency etc...
A graph will automatically build as you enter your information into the table below.

Steps to follow:
Step 1: Download this spread sheet onto your computer via 'Save as'.
Step 2: Starting from the top (Cause / Problem 1) enter the name of your 'Causes / Problems' into the table below in DESCENDING or
Step 3: Delete the rows you have not used (highlight row from left hand column and 'delete').
Step 4: Enter the frequencies (#) next to the appropriate causes
Step 5: Enter the Title of your graph: Click on the graph, click on the title, then enter the information you want displayed
Step 6: To print graph: Click on graph to highlight it, then click 'print' button.
Step 7: To copy graph to Power Point presentation: Click on graph to highlight it, right click and click 'Copy', open power point file, se
Step 8: HOW TO INTERPRET YOUR PARETO CHART: The 'dots' from the red cumulative Frequency % line that fall UNDER the green "8
'priority'. However, you can act on any of the 'causes' particularly if they maybe easy to address or of high risk. 35

Note: Only change values is the 'white' cells. The 'grey' cells will automatically calculate based on formulas within the cells.
Template developed by Wendy Jamieson - April, 2001. Updated July 2020.

30
Pareto Chart template with Cumulative line and 80% cut off
Do not alter this Do not alter this Do not alter this
column. It column. It column. It
calculates calculates calculates
automatically automatically automatically 25

Cumulative 80% (80/20

Causes # Cumulative %

Rejected
Total rule)
Missunderstanding
Requirement 30 17 57% 80% 20
Owner Not Cooperative 30 5 17% 80%
Bad Location 30 4 13% 80%
High Room Per Night Price 30 2 7% 80%
Low Demand 30 2 7% 80% 15
Total 30

10

Simple Pareto Chart template 5

Causes #
Missunderstanding
Requirement 17
Owner Not Cooperative 5 0
Bad Location 4 M

High Room Per Night Price 2

Low Demand 2
Total 30

Frequency
18 17
16
14
12
10
8
6 5
4
4
2
0
t e n
en tiv ati
o
m ra
i re pe L oc
u o d
R eq t Co Ba
i ng r No
d
an ne
r st Ow
de gh
Hi
Reason Of Rejected Contra
un
i ss
M
blems (or causes of a problem).
river Diagram and using Multi & Weighted Voting to tally up the number of votes when prioritising

ency etc...

able below in DESCENDING order

u want displayed

py', open power point file, select required slide, right click and 'Paste'.
e that fall UNDER the green "80% cut off" line relate to the 'causes' that you should focus on as aNumber Of Rejected Contract
gh risk. 35

mulas within the cells.

30 30 30
30

25
Rejected

20

15

10

0
Missunderstanding Requirement Owner Not Cooperative Bad Location H
 5
4
2 2

v e n e d
ati ati
o
P ri c an
er oc ht
m
L ig De
d w
Ba rN Lo
Pe
om
Ro
h
ig
Reason Of Rejected Contract
H
cted Contract
100%

90%
30 30 80% line (80/20 Rule) 30

80%

Cumulative %
70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%
Bad Location High Room Per Night Price Low Demand
Pareto Chart examples Example data only Pareto Chart example

100
Cumulative 80% (80/20 92
Type of Medication error # Cumulative %
Total rule)

Frequency #
90
83
Dose missed 92 92 21% 80% 80
Wrong time 83 175 41% 80%
70
Wrong drug 76 251 58% 80%
Over dose 59 310 72% 80% 60

Wrong patient 53 363 84% 80% 50

Wrong route 27 390 91% 80% 40
Wrong calculation 16 406 94% 80%
30
Duplicated drugs 9 415 97% 80%
Under dose 7 422 98% 80% 20
Wrong IV rate 4 426 99% 80% 10
Technique error 3 429 100% 80%
0
Unauthorised drug 1 430 100% 80%
Example data
Total 430 only

Number of incidents reported

Medication Safety Incidents
Example data
(all incidents in 6 months only
n=3797)

Type of Medication involved # of Cumulative 80% (80/20

Cumulative %
in incident incidents Total rule) 900 854

Oxycodone 854 854 22% 80% 800

723
Morphine 723 1577 42% 80% 700
5
Fentanyl 587 2164 57% 80% 600
Insulin 293 2457 65% 80% 500
Paracetamol 233 2690 71% 80% 400
Other 211 2901 76% 80% 300
Hydromorphone 204 3105 82% 80% 200
Methadone 193 3298 87% 80% 100
Diazepam 182 3480 92% 80% 0
Enoxaparin 97 3577 94% 80%
Midazolam 79 3656 96% 80%
Heparin 59 3715 98% 80%
Warfarin 49 3764 99% 80%
Frusemide 33 3797 100% 80%
y

Total 3797
Fr equenc

6 0 Cause s of Dischar ge De lay fr om Em e r ge ncy De p

Pa r e t o Cha r t
Audit of dischar ge de la ys in M a y & June (n=
5 2
5 0

4 0

3 0

2 1
2 0
1 6

1 1
1 0

0
X-rays Be d sh o rt age on Re vi e w by te am Do c t o r
wa rd
 Fr equency
6 0 Cause s of Dischar ge De lay fr om Em e r ge ncy De p
Pa r e t o Cha r t
Audit of dischar ge de la ys in M a y & June (n=
5 2
5 0

4 0

3 0

2 1
2 0
1 6

1 1
1 0

0
X-rays Be d sh o rt age on Re vi e w by te am Do c t o r
wa rd

Causes of discharge delay

from Emergency Department Frequency
(Audit in May & June)

X-rays 52
Bed shortage on ward 21
Review by team 16
Doctor busy 11
Patient complications 4
Other 3
Total 107
Example data
only

fa
of
Nulls
mber

W h er e p atien t fall o ccu rr

P ar et o
25 O p er atio n al d efin itio n : A fall is an ev en
23
r es
20 in ad v er t en t ly on t he g ro u n d o
12 mo n t h r et r o sp ec tiv e a
15
12

10

Where fall occurred on Aged

6
5 4
2 2

0
Bed si de Chai r Toi l et In room Bat hroom Wa l ki ng
frame
Area wher e patient fall occur

Care Ward Frequency

(12 months retrospective data)

Bed side 23
Chair 12
Toilet 6
In room 4
Bathroom 2
Walking frame 2
Walking on ward 2
Nurses station 1
Transferring from Bed to com 1
lls

Wheelchair 1
fa

Total 54
ti e nt

Example data
Pa

only
of
N um be r

If the patient was moving

How wa s pa ti e nt m oving
Pa re t o Cha
1 6 1 5 Ope r ati onal de finiti on: A fall is a n e ve nt w hic
1 4 inadve r t e nt ly on t he gr ound or fl
1 4 12 m ont h r e t r ospe c ti ve audit of A

1 2
1 0
1 0

Frequency
6

when they fell, how were

4
4 3 3

they moving
Attempting to stand 15
Walking 14
Getting out of bed 10
Attempting to sit down 4
Bending/leaning/reaching over 3
Climbing over/around bedrails 3
Not known 2
Transferring from Chair to bed 2
Slid off bed pan 1
Slipped off chair 1
Total 55
Example data
only

What was the patients

activity at the time of the Frequency What was the patients activity

Number of Falls
fall
12 Pareto Cha
11 Operational definition: A fall is an event whic
Attempting to stand 11 inadvertently on the ground or flo
10 12 month retrospective a
Getting out of bed 6
Moving 6
8
Standing 6
Walking 6
6 6 6 6
Moving to go to toilet 5 6
5 5 5
Sitting 5
Toileting 5 4
Attempting to sit down 2
Climbing over/around bedrails 2 2 2 2
2
Sleeping in bed 2
Transferring from Chair to bed
Bending/leaning/reaching 2
0
over 1 d d g g g t ng g
wn
s d
an be in in in ile tin ail be
st f ov an
d alk to Sitti ile do dr in
Changing pad 1 gt
o to M St W to To sit be g
ou go to d
ep
in
pti
n
ng to un C
Picking up item off floor 1 tti g ng ro Sle m
em Ge in pti r/a ro
Att ov em ov
e
ng
f
Sleeping in chair 1 M Att ng rri
b i
s fe
Other 1 im an nd
Cl Tr Be
Total 63
Example data
only

What was the patients

activity at the time of the Frequency
What was the Patients activity at
fall Pareto Chart
30 Operational definition: A fall is an event which
Number of falls

Going to bathroom / Toileting 25 inadvertently on the ground or floo

25
Walking 11 25 12 month retrospective au
Restless Sleep 9
Slipped when getting up 7 20
Changing pad 5
Going for a walk 4 15
Getting out of bed 3 11
Picking up item off floor 2 10 9
Sitting in chair 1 7
Sleeping in chair 1 5
5 4
3
Standing 1 2
Stood up and them fell 1
0
Total 70 Going to Walking Restless Slipped Changing Going for Getting Pick
bathroom Sleep when get- pad a walk out of bed up i
/ Toileting ting up off fl
 Reasons why a risk screen

Number of votes
was not conducted on
admission (reason stated by Reasons why a Risk Screen was not conducted on admissio
Frequency 9 (reasons stated by staff in Focus Group meeting)
staff member)
8 Pareto Chart (n=33)
8
7
Too busy 8 7
6
eMR fragmented / difficult to 7 6
use
5
No access to computer on 6
ward to complete risk screen 4 4
4
Screening too time consuming 4
3
Got interrupted and did not 4 2
complete falls screen
1
Thought it was not relevant 2
0
Thought it was not 2 Too busy eMR fragmented / No access to Screening too Got inte
mandatory to risk screen difficult to use computer on time consuming and d
ward to com- comple
Total 33 plete risk screen scr

Example data
only

Example only: A QI project team working to

improve immunization rates in the USA believed
that the cost of vaccination was the biggest Reasons stated by parent for lack of child immunization
barrier to improvement. After surveying the Pareto Chart
parents who were not up to date with their child's 200 Survey of parents (n=368)
immunization, they found that cost was not an 185
issue, however transport to the clinic was the 180
biggest barrier.
160
Number

140

Reasons stated by parent for 120

lack of child immunization Frequency
100
No Transport 185
No childcare 49 80

No information 35 60
49
See no need 33
40 35 33
Cost 29 29
No clinic 25 20
No time 12
0
Total 368 No Transport No childcare No information See no need Cost
Example data
only
mber of complaints

Type of patient complaint

80 Pareto Chart
73 (n=209)
70
 Number of complaints
What patients complained # complaints
about
Type of patient complaint
Pain Management 73 80 Pareto Chart
Respect 62 73 (n=209)
70
Communication / Information 21 62
Emotional Support 11 60
Care co-ordination 9 50
Noise on ward 8
40
Food 7
Cleanliness 7 30
21
Comfort 6 20
Discharge process 3 11 9 8
10 7 7
Family Involvement 2
Total 209 0

Example data
only

Focus group - In relation to providing high

quality care for consumers, what were the
top issues you would consider important to
address? i.e. : When you come to work,
what was the pebble (or pebbles) in your
shoe?

Causes # of votes
40
Number of votes

Leadership & Culture 35 Mental Health Staff Focus Grou

Pareto Chart
Managing agitation & aggression 23 35
Staff votes on the top / most important issu
35
Compassionate care 22 to provide high quality care for Mental Heal
Physical health 20 30
Prevention & early intervention (de-
escalation) 19
25 23
Staffing 18 22
20
Team work 17 20 19
18
17
Environment 16 16

Care Planning 13 15 13
Admission process 10 10
9
10 8
Boredom 9
Clinical Information sharing 8 5
Medication reconciliation 7
Policy 5 0
re e ) ng rk t g s g
io
n ar lth on en in es om in
Clinical Review 3 ltu
es
s
te
c ea lati affi wo m nn oc ed ar
Cu gr na lh ca St am
n la r r s h
& ag io ica es Te vir
o P n
p Bo on
ip ys re io
Inter-ward transfer 1 rs
h n
&
pa
ss
Ph (d
e- En Ca iss m
ati
n
re
c
tio r
de om on Ad
m fo tio
Leave 1 L ea gita C nti Il n ic a
ga rve ica ed
in te in M
Total 227 ag in Cl
an rly
M ea
Example data &
on
only nti
eve
Pr
 Count
Incomple t e doc ume nt ation in E le ct r onic M e dical Recor d (e M
Audit in Acut e Care M e nt a l H ealt h U nit (n= 90)
30
28

25
21
20
20

15

10
6
5 4 4

0
M eta bol i c Care pl an A dmi s si on Fa l l ri sk Snr M e di c a l Correct
moni t ori ng c hec kl i st sc re e n Offic er
c ount ers i gn
M DS

Incomplete documentation
in eMR Count
Audit in Acute Care Mental Health
Unit

Metabolic monitoring 28
Care plan 21
Admission checklist 20
Fall risk screen 6
Snr Medical Officer countersign MDS 4
Correct GP 4
Strengths based language 4
No GP documented 3
Total 90
Example data
only
Tally of reason

Reasons for incomplete Reasons for incomplete metabolic monitoring in Acute Care Mental
metabolic monitoring in Tally of 35 Pareto Chart
Acute Care Mental Health Reasons (n=135)
30
Unit 30
27
Missing equipment 30
25
Staff forgot 27
20
Business of Unit 20 20 18

Agency staff unaware 18 15

12
Broken equipment 12 10
10
Unit staff unaware 10
Consumer acuity 10 5
Consumer refusal 6
0
Reason undetermined 2
Total 135
Example data
only

Barriers to antipsychotic Tally of Barriers to antipsychotic monitoring

40 Pareto Chart
monitoring Reasons (n=114)
35
Missing Equipment 35 35
Over reliance on GP 24 30
Limited referral information 20
Tally

25 24
Poor Communication 10
20
Clinical staff unaware 8 20
Missed appointments 8 15
Consumer refusals 7 10
10 8 8

0
t e s
en GP o n o n
ar en
t
m n ati ati w
ip eo rm ic na tm
 20
20

15
10
10 8 8
Unclear cause 2
Total 114 5
Example data 0
only t e s
en GP o n o n
ar en
t
m n ati ati w
ip eo rm ni
c na nt
m
Eq
u nc nf
o u ff
u
oi
g lia li m ta p
in r e ra om als ap
i ss er fe
r C i c ed
M Ov re or in i ss
d Po Cl M
ite
m
Li

Number of c-sections
Indications for elective
caesarean section #
Previous caesarean section 152
Malpresentation 87 Indications for Elective Caesarean Section
160 152 Pareto Chart
Major degree placenta previa 50 (n=506)
140
Hypertensive disorders 44
120
Foetal macrosomia 39
100
Risky obstetric history 33 87

Multiple pregnancy 25 80

Previous vesico-vaginal fistula repair 21 60 50

44
39
40 33
Retroviral positive pregnancy 12 25 2
Severe intrauterine growth
restriction 8 20
Other 26 0

Total 497
Example data
only

Fall Prevention Strategies NOT undertaken - Audit of 30 Medical Records

Fall Prevention Strategies

NOT undertaken # Fall Prevention Strategies N
Pareto Cha
Multidisc. Rounds 30 35 (n=30)
Othostatic hypotension monitoring 27
Medications review 21 30
30
Risk Assessment 19
27
Falls Screening 12
Frequency

Delirium Screen 12 25
Cognition screen 7 21
Intentional Rounding 5 20 19
Environment management 1
Safe Mobilisation 1 15
Example data 12
only
10

0
Multidisc. Othostatic Medications Risk As- Falls Screen- D
Rounds hypotension review sessment ing
monitoring
 12

10

0
Multidisc. Othostatic Medications Risk As- Falls Screen- D
Rounds hypotension review sessment ing
monitoring
 Pareto Chart example with Cumulative line
Example data
only
Types of Medication Errors
100
Pareto Chart 100%
12 months of retrospective80%
incident
line (80/20data
Rule) (n=430)

Cumulative %
92
Frequency #

90 90%
83
80 76 80%

70 70%
59
60 60%
53
50 50%

40 40%

30 27 30%

20 16 20%
9 7
10 4
10%
3 1
0 0%
Number of incidents reported

Example data
Medication Safety Incidents by Medication Name only
Pareto Chart
Cumulative %

All incidents reported in 6 Cumulative

# of incidents months%(n=3797) 80% (80/20 rule)
900 854 100%
80% line (80/20 Rule)
800 90%
723
700 80%
587 70%
600
60%
500
50%
400
40%
293
300
233 211 204
30%
193 182
200 20%
97 79
100 59 49 10%
33
0 0%

Name of Medication

ge De lay fr om Em e r ge ncy De par t m e nt

Pa r e t o Cha r t Example data
har ge de la ys in M a y & June (n=1 0 7 ) onl y

1 6

1 1

4
3

Re vi e w by te am Do c t o r bu sy Patie nt c o m p l i c a- Ot he r
tions
 ge De lay fr om Em e r ge ncy De par t m e nt
Pa r e t o Cha r t Example data
har ge de la ys in M a y & June (n=1 0 7 ) onl y

1 6

1 1

4
3

Re vi e w by te am Do c t o r bu sy Patie nt c o m p l i c a- Ot he r
tions

W h er e p atien t fall o c c u r r ed on A g ed C ar e W ar d
P ar et o C h ar t
fin itio n : A fall is an ev en t wh ic h r esu lt s in a p atien t c o min g t o
r est
er t en t ly on t he g ro u n d or fl o o r or o t h er lo wer lev el.
2 mo n t h r et r o sp ec tiv e au d it of in c id en t d at a (n

4
2 2 2
1 1 1

room Bat hroom Wa l ki ng Wal ki ng on Nurses sta- T ransferri ng Wheel c hai r

frame wa rd tion from Bed to
c ommode
Area wher e patient fall occurred

E
x
a
m
p
l
e
d
a
t
a
o
n
l
y

How wa s pa ti e nt m oving w he n t he y fe ll
Pa re t o Cha rt
finiti on: A fall is a n e ve nt w hich r e sult s in a pa ti e nt c Ex
om ing taomrepstle d a ta
dve r t e nt ly on t he gr ound or floor or ot he r low e r le ve l. o n ly
ont h r e t r ospe c ti ve audit of Age d Ca re Wa rd inc ide nt da

4
3 3
2 2
1 1
t was the patients activity at the time of the fall
Pareto Chart
tion: A fall is an event which results in a patient coming to rest
rtently on the ground or floor or other lower level.
12 month retrospective audit of Aged Ca

5 5

2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1

ng tin
g n
ail
s
be
d d ve
r
pa
d or air he
r
ow dr be o flo ch Ot
Sitti ile d
be gi
n to ng
g
To sit in ir hi gin off gi
n
to un
d
ep ha ac an m in
ng C /re Ch ite ep
ro Sle m ng p Sle
pti er/a fro n i gu
em ov g lea in
Att rin g/ ck
ing er n Pi
b sf di
Cl
im an Be
n
Tr

Example
was the Patients activity at the time of their fall data only
Pareto Chart
on: A fall is an event which results in a patient coming to rest
ently on the ground or floor or other lower level.
12 month retrospective audit of Aged C

5
4
3
2
1 1 1 1

hanging Going for Getting Picking Sitting in Sleeping Standing Stood up

pad a walk out of bed up item chair in chair and them
off floor fell
was not conducted on admission
ff in Focus Group meeting)
hart (n=33)

4 4

2 2

ss to Screening too Got interrupted Thought it was Thought it was

er on time consuming and did not not relevant not mandatory to
com- complete falls risk screen
screen screen

ack of child immunization

hart
nts (n=368)

33
29
25
12

n See no need Cost No clinic No time

Example data only

atient complaint
reto Chart
n=209)
 Example data only
atient complaint
reto Chart
n=209)

8 7 7 6
3 2

Example data only

Mental Health Staff Focus Group
Pareto Chart
the top / most important issues to address
h quality care for Mental Health consumers

16
13
10
9
8
7
5
3
1 1

t g s g n y r e
en in es do
m
ar
in tio lic iew fe av
m an
n oc re ic lia Po ev ns Le
n
Pl pr sh R ra
o
n Bo on n ica
l
d
t
re io co in ar
Ca iss ati re Cl -w
rm n r
m fo tio te
Ad ca In
l In di
ica e
C lin M
n E le ct r onic M e dical Recor d (e MR)
M e nt a l H ealt h U nit (n= 90)

6
4 4 4
3

Fa l l ri sk Snr M e di c a l Correct GP St reng t hs No GP doc -

sc re e n Offic er based ument ed
c ount ers i gn l angua g e
M DS

E
x
a
m
p
l
e

d
a
t
a

o
n
l
y

onitoring in Acute Care Mental Health Unit Example data only

eto Chart
n=135)

12
10 10

tipsychotic monitoring
reto Chart
(n=114)

10
8 8
7

n e t s ls se
o ar en sa au
ati w fu c
ic na tm r e ar
 10
8 8
7

n e t s ls se
o ar en sa au
ati w fu c
ic
u na nt
m r e ar
ff oi er c le
ta p um Un
als ap ns
ni
c ed Co
i i ss
Cl M

ective Caesarean Section

reto Chart
(n=506)

39
33
25 26
21
12 8

l Prevention Strategies NOT undertaken

Pareto Chart
(n=30)

19

12 12

7
5

1 1

s Risk As- Falls Screen- Delirium Cognition Intentional Environment Safe Mobilisa-
sessment ing Screen screen Rounding management tion
 12 12

7
5

1 1

s Risk As- Falls Screen- Delirium Cognition Intentional Environment Safe Mobilisa-
sessment ing Screen screen Rounding management tion
 #
Fr e que ncy
Simple Pareto Chart example
Types of Medi ca tion Errors
Example data only
100
Paret o Cha rt
9 2 12 mont hs of ret ros pective i nci dent da ta (n=430)
90
8 3
80 7 6

70
5 9
60
5 3
50

40

30 2 7

20 1 6
9
10 7
4 3 1
0
r e p or t e d
i nc i de nt s
of
be r
um
N

Me dicati on Safe t y Incide nt s by Me dicati on Name

Pa ret o Cha rt E xa m pl e da t a onl y
All incide nt s r e por t e d in 6 m ont hs(n= 3797)
9 0 0 8 5 4
8 0 0
7 2 3
7 0 0
5 8 7
6 0 0

5 0 0

4 0 0
2 9 3
3 0 0 2 3 3 2 1 1 2 0 4 1 9 3 1 8 2
2 0 0
9 7 7 9
1 0 0 5 9 4 9 3 3
0

Name of Me dicati on
 Causes of discharge delay
from Emergency Department

Bed shortage on ward

Doctor busy
Patient complications
Other
X-rays
Review by team
Total
rrors
A
Types of Medication Errors
Example data only

nt data (n=430)

P
Pie Chart i
4 3 1

4 3 1 92 e
27 16 9 7
c
h
a
53 r
t
i
s
n
o 83
t
59 76
r
e
c
o
m
m
Dose missed Wrong ti me Wrong drug Ov er
edose Wrong pati ent
Wrong route Wrong calculati on Duplicated drugs n dose
Under Wrong I V rate
Technique error Unauthorised drug
d
e
d
a
s
i
t
i
s
d
i
f
f
i
c
u
l
t
t
o
i
n
t
e
r
p
r
e
t
c
o
m
p
a
t
e
d
t
o
a
P
a
r
e
t
o
C
h
a
r
t

E xa m pl e da t a onl y

7 9 5 9 4 9 3 3
Frequency

21
11
4
3
52
16
107
83

Wrong pati ent

Wrong I V rate
Pareto Principle or 80/20 Rule

The Pareto Principle was developed by 20th century business scholar Joseph Juran, who named the rule afte
Juran described it as the rule of the “vital few and trivial many" since it's used to weed out less important fac
Further reading:
The Pareto principle (also known as the 80–20 rule, the law of the vital few, and the principle of factor sparsi
Management consultant Joseph M. Juran suggested the principle and named it after Italian economist Vilfred
Essentially, Pareto showed that approximately 80% of the land in Italy was owned by 20% of the population;
Pareto developed the principle by observing that 20% of the pea pods in his garden contained 80% of the pea
It is a common rule of thumb in business; e.g., "80% of your sales come from 20% of your clients."

HOW TO INTERPRET YOUR PARETO CHART: The 'dots' from the red cumulative Frequency % line that fall UNDER the green "80% cut
However, you can act on any of the 'causes' particularly if they maybe easy to address or of high risk.

Cumulative
Causes # Cumulative % 80% Cut off
Total
Cause 1 380 380 39% 80%
Cause 2 300 680 70% 80%
Cause 3 130 810 83% 80%
Cause 4 60 870 89% 80%
Cause 5 40 910 93% 80%
Cause 6 30 940 96% 80%
Cause 7 20 960 98% 80%
Cause 8 10 970 99% 80%
Cause 9 5 975 100% 80%
Cause 10 3 978 100% 80%

Total 978
who named the rule after Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto.
ed out less important factors in decision making.

principle of factor sparsity) states that, for many events, roughly 80% of the effects come from 20% of the causes.
r Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto, who, while at the University of Lausanne in 1896, published his first paper "Cours d'écon
y 20% of the population;
contained 80% of the peas

all UNDER the green "80% cut off" line relate to the 'causes' that you should focus on as a 'priority'.

Vital Few
400 380
Contribute to 80% of the problem
100%
Cumulative %

90%
350
Frequency #

80% Cut off (80/20 Rule)

300 80%
300 Trivial Many
70%
250
60%

200 50%
2
0 150 40%
% 130
30%
100
o 60 20%
f 50 40
30
20 10%
10 5 3
t 0 0%
h Cause 1 Cause 2 Cause 3 Cause 4 Cause 5 Cause 6 Cause 7 Cause 8 Cause 9 Cause 10
e
c
a
u
s
e
s
m 20% of the causes.
d his first paper "Cours d'économie politique."
Creating at Pareto chart via a Pivot table
Also watch and learn from this You Tube clip: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dMWq48_TsNo