1) Reading Comprehension

ECOLOGY
The term ecology comes from a Greek word that means “the study of the house.” Ecology is the
study of how all living things interact with their environments. In a way, Earth is the house of all
living things. We all live together on this planet and it is our home. Today, we also understand
ecology as taking care of the Earth so that humans, plants and animals can all thrive. However, we
can damage the environment. Sometimes the damage is irreversible. Ecology is a huge area of
study. It covers every part of a living creature’s ecosystem that affects its ability to live. Ecology
considers how a living thing reacts to climate, soil conditions. It also studies how much clean water
is available and the amount of natural resources. By learning about how living things, including
humans, affect each other, we can make smart decisions that protect all living things and the
resources they need. There are many things that children can do to help make sure that their world
stays healthy. The decisions you are making today can affect the future. Conservation is one area of
ecology where we can all make a difference. It does not matter how old we are or where we live.
Conservation means using Earth’s limited resources wisely so that they don’t run out. When you
are at home, take a moment to think about how you use resources. Many people waste resources.
Leaking toilets, half-filled dishwashers or clothes washers, and unattended hoses all waste precious
water. If you leave lights on and appliances running in rooms where they are not being used, you
are wasting energy. There’s another way we can help conserve Earth’s resources. We can show our
support of businesses that make their products using methods and materials that do not damage
Earth. By buying their products, we are telling them that we appreciate their efforts to be Earth-
friendly. We need to take the time to learn about how to save resources. More importantly, we
must then put into practice what we learn. Children can do their part. They can show their families
some ways to save resources. Together, we can all make a difference.

1) What does ecology study?

2) in the text, they compare the earth with…?
2) What can we do at home to help the environment?
3) What it means Earth-friendly products?
4) After reading this text, there is some of these things that you are doing at home? (like lights on,
water waste, etc)
2) Verbs + Preposition (in – for - with – at – on – about)

1) She fell ……IN… love …WITH.. a politician. ENAMORARSE DE = FELL IN LOVE WITH

2) What are you doing ……AT……. The weekend?

3) I don’t know; it depends ……ON……… the weather DEPENDE DE= DEPEND ON

4) Don’t worry ABOUT… the test, it is super easy! NO TE PREOCUPES POR = DON’T WORRY ABOUT

5) She spend a lot of money ……ON…… clothes. GASTAR EN = SPEND ON

6) Sorry, I asked ……FOR……. a tea but this is coffee! PEDIR: ASK FOR

7) We arrived ………IN………… Buenos Aires last night LLEGAR A (ciudad, pueblo, pais) IN

8) you are right! I totally agree …WITH……… you ESTAR DE ACUERDO CON = AGREE WITH

9) I arrived …AT…….. the train station and he is not here. LLEGAR A = PUNTO ESPECIAL AT

10) Don’t wait …FOR…….. me. I am late. ESPERAR = WAIT FOR

3) DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES – Use Who, Which, Where

She worked for a man (the man used to be (SOLIA SER) athlete)
SHE WORKED FOR A MAN WHO USED TO BE AN ATHLETE

They called a lawyer (the lawyer lived nearby)

THEY CALLED A LAWYER WHO LIVED NEARBY

The internet is a place (a person can buy cheap technology)

THE INTERNET IS A PLACE WHERE A PERSON CAN BUY ………

We broke the computer (the computer belonged to my father)

WE BROKE THE COMPUTER WHICH BELONGED TO MY FATHER

I sent an email to my brother (my brother lives in Australia)

I SENT AN EMAIL TO MY BROTHER WHO LIVES IN AUSTRALIA

I dropped a glass (the glass was new)

I DROPPED A GLASS WHICH WAS NEW

The girl works in a bank (the girl is from India)

THE GIRL WHO IS FROM INDIA WORKS IN A BANK

I can’t find the CD (the cd I borrowed from you)

I CANT FIND THE CD WHICH I BORROWED FROM YOU

The money is in the kitchen (the money belongs to John) PERTENECE A JOHN
THE MONEY WHICH BELONGS TO JOHN IS IN THE KITCHEN

That is the shop (in that shop I met my husband)

THAT IS THE SHOP WHERE I MET MY HUSBAND

There were three people at the party (they knew me very well)
THERE WERE THREE PEPOLE AT THE PARTY WHO KNEW ME VERY WELL

The fruit is on the table (the fruit isn't fresh)

THE FRUIT WHICH ISN’T FRESH IS ON THE TABLE

4) Present perfect with JUST ALREADY AND YET

Have + past participle / ed yo he estudiado I HAVE STUDIED
Has + past participle / ed el ha estudiado HE HAS STUDIED

A) Make Present Perfect sentences or questions using the given words and just / already / yet.

1. Your cousin / not / come/ to the party / yet

__YOUR COUSIN HASN’T COME TO THE PARTY YET________________________
2. The cat / catch / a mouse / just
__THE CAT HAS JUST CAUGHT A MOUSE_______________________
3. You / finish / your food / ? / yet
__HAVE YOU FINISHED YOUR FOOD YET?__________________________________
4. Alex and I / not / be / to Los Angeles / yet
___ALEX AND I HAVEN’T BEEN TO LOS ANGELES YET________________________________
5. She / send / all the postcards / already
____SHE HAS ALREADY SENT ALL THE POSTCARDS_____________________________
6. We / finish / this exercise / just
 _____WE HAVE JUST FINISHED THE EXERCISE____________________________

B) Try to write the response using P.P

1. Your friend’s mum offers you a meal but you aren’t hungry because you ate something
before. (already)
______I HAVE ALREADY EATEN________________________________

2. Your history teacher looks for your English teacher. Tell her that your English teacher went
to the classroom 2 minutes ago. (just)
___________SHE HAS JUST GONE___________________________

3. You want to go to the cinema tonight to see the new Avengers and you want to know if
your friend saw it. Ask your friend about that (yet)(?)
________HAVE YOU SEEN THE FILM YET?____________________________________

5) MAKE OR DO

a) It is hard to ……MAKE….. friends when you are abroad and you don’t know the language

b) I have just ……MAKE……. A complaint at the reception desk.

c) Who is ………MAKING…………… so much noise? HACIENDO - ING

d) I didn’t ………DO…… my homework yesterday

e) How much money does an actor ……MAKE…………. ?

f) Can you …DO………. The laundry today?

g) she spent all morning ……DOING………. Her nails

h) Does your business ……MAKE…….. some profits this month?

i) The teacher ……MAKE…….. very positive comments about our works

j) I would like to ……MAKE……… an offer

k) I can’t go tonight, I have already ……MAKE……….. plans.

6) Paraphrasing!

Give the definitions using some of these phrases: It is something/somebody, for example, it is the opposite
of, it is a kind of (ES UNA ESPECIE DE), it is like (ES COMO) , It is somewhere, it is similar to

SOFA: IT IS SOMETHING WHICH PEOPLE USE TO SIT DOWN

A VET: IT IS SOMEBODY WHO HEALS ANIMALS

TRAINERS: IT IS similar to shoes – IT IS A KIND OF SHOES -

ANGRY: IT IS OPPOSITE OF HAPPY

MATE: IT IS KIND OF DRINK WHICH ARGENTINE PEOPLE DRINK

IT IS LIKE GRASS

HOT DRINK COLD DRINK