NOIDA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY GREATER NOIDA-201306

(An Autonomous Institute under affiliation of AKTU)
School of Computer Sciences & Engineering in
Emerging Technologies

B.Tech CSE(AI)

LAB MANUAL
of
Introduction to Cryptography Lab (ACS0451)
(4th Semester)

Affiliated to Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam Technical University, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow

Submitted to: Ms Monika Mehra submitted by: Vineet chaudhary

:Mr Praveen Kumar Tomar :2201331520119

INDEX

Course Code ACSAI0453

Course Title Introduction to Cryptography Lab

Sr. No. Name of Experiment Date signature
1 Implementing Shift Cipher

2 Implementing Polyalphabetic Substitution Cipher.

3. Implementing Caesar Cipher

4 Implementing Additive Cipher (Mono-alphabetic Substitution Cipher)

5 Implementing Multiplicative Cipher (Mono-alphabetic Substitution

Cipher)
6 Implementing Affine Cipher (Mono-alphabetic Substitution Cipher)

7 Implementing Playfair Cipher

8 Implementing Vernam Cipher.

9 Implementing Symmetric Key Encryption Standards (DES)

10 Implementing Symmetric Key Encryption Standards (AES)

PROGRAM 1 PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT SHIFT CIPHER
a=input("Enter the statement you want to encode: ")
for i in a: s=ord(i) if s==32:
j=chr(s)
elif s==65:
j=chr(108)
elif s==66:
j=chr(109)
elif s==67:
j=chr(122)
elif s==68:
j=chr(97) elif
s==69: j=chr(98)
elif
s==70:
j=chr(100)
elif s==71:
j=chr(99) elif
s==72:
j=chr(103)
elif s==73:
j=chr(110)
elif s==74:
j=chr(102)
elif s==75:
j=chr(101)
elif s==76:
j=chr(104)
elif s==77:
j=chr(105)
elif s==78:
j=chr(117) elif
s==79: j=chr(106)
elif s==80:
j=chr(115) elif
s==81:
j=chr(119)
elif s==82: j=chr(107)
elif s==83:
j=chr(121)
elif s==84:
 j=chr(118) elif
s==85: j=chr(120)
elif s==86:
j=chr(111) elif
s==87:
elif s==88:
j=chr(113)
elif s==89:
j=chr(116)
elif s==90:
j=chr(112)
print(j,end="")

Enter the statement you want to encode: HELLO I AM BOY gbhhj

n li mjt
a=input("Enter the statement you want to decode:
")
for i in a: s=ord(i) if s==32:
j=chr(s)
elif s==108:
j=chr(65)
elif s==109:
j=chr(66)
elif s==122:
j=chr(67) elif
s==97: j=chr(68)
elif
s==98:
j=chr(69)
elif s==100:
j=chr(70) elif
s==99:
j=chr(71)
elif s==103:
j=chr(72)
elif s==110:
j=chr(73) elif
s==102: j=chr(74)
elif s==101:
j=chr(75) elif
s==104:
j=chr(76)
elif s==105:
j=chr(77)
elif s==117:
j=chr(78) elif
s==106:
j=chr(79)
elif s==115:
j=chr(80)
elif s==119:
j=chr(81)
 elif s==107:
j=chr(82) elif
s==121:
j=chr(83)
elif s==118:
j=chr(84)
elif s==120:
j=chr(85)
elif s==111:
j=chr(86)
elif s==114:
j=chr(87)
elif s==113:
j=chr(88)
elif s==116:
j=chr(89)
elif s==112:
j=chr(90)
print(j,end="")

Enter the statement you want to decode: gbhhj n li mjt HELLO

I AM BOY

PROGRAM 2 PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT POLYALPHABETIC SUBSTITUTION CIPHER (ONE TIME

PAD CIPHER) x=int(input("Enter the number through which you want to encrypt the
message")) s=input("Enter the statment") c="" n=""
for i in
s:
if i!=" ":
d=ord(i) d=d+x d=chr(d)
c=c+d
 else:
c=c+i
print("Encrypted message: ",c)
for j in
c:
if j!=" ":
k=ord(j) k=k-x k=chr(k)
n=n+k
else:
n=n+j
print("Decrypted Message",n)

Enter the number through which you want to encrypt the message3
Enter the statmentHELLO
Encrypted message: KHOOR
Decrypted Message HELLO

s=input("Enter the text")

k=input("Enter the Key")
b=[] z=[] add=[] f=""
for i in s: l=ord(i)
l=l-65
b.append(l)
print(b) for
j in k:
m=ord(j) m=m-
97
z.append(m)
print(z)
for a in
range(len(b)):
d=b[a]+z[a] if d>26: d=d-
26 add.append(d)
else: add.append(d)
print(add)
for
e in add:
a=97+e
f=f+chr(a)
print(f)

Enter the texthello

Enter the Keyapple
[39, 36, 43, 43, 46]
[0, 15, 15, 11, 4]
[13, 25, 32, 28, 24] nz
}y
PROGRAM 3 PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT CAESAR CIPHER
# Encryption part def
encrypt(message, key):
cipher = "" for i in
message:
if i.isupper(): cipher += chr((ord(i) + key -
65) % 26 + 65) elif
i.islower():
cipher += chr((ord(i) + key - 97) % 26 + 97)
else:
 cipher+=" " return

cipher

message = input("Enter the message:")

print("Cipher:", encrypt(message, 3))

# Decryption part def

decrypt(cipher, key):
message = "" for i in
cipher:
if i.isupper(): message += chr((ord(i) - key -
65) % 26 + 65) elif
i.islower():
message += chr((ord(i) - key - 97) % 26 + 97)
else:
message+=" "
return message
cipher = input("Enter the cipher:")
print("Message: ", decrypt(cipher, 3))

Enter the message:hello sir

Cipher: khoor vlu
Enter the cipher:khoor vlu Message:
hello sir

PROGRAM 4 PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT ADDITIVE CIPHER (MONOALPHABETIC SUBSTITUTION CIPHER)

# Encryption part def encrypt(message, key): cipher =
"" for i in message: if i.isupper(): cipher +=
chr((ord(i) + key -
65) % 26 + 65) elif i.islower(): cipher
+= chr((ord(i) + key - 97) % 26 + 97)
else: cipher+="
"

return cipher

message = input("Enter the message:") key = input("Enter

 the key numeric value or any alphabet:") if key.isupper():
key = ord(key) - 65
elif key.islower():
key = ord(key) - 97
else:
key = int(key)
print("Cipher:", encrypt(message, key))
# Decryption part def decrypt(cipher, key): message =
"" for i in cipher: if i.isupper(): message +=
chr((ord(i) - key -
65) % 26 + 65) elif
i.islower():
message += chr((ord(i) - key - 97) % 26 + 97)
else: message+="
" return message
cipher = input("Enter the cipher:") key =
input("Enter the key numeric value or any
alphabet:") if key.isupper(): key = ord(key) -
65
elif key.islower():
key = ord(key) - 97
else:
key = int(key)
print("Message", decrypt(cipher, key))

Enter the message:hello everyone

Enter the key numeric value or any alphabet:3
Cipher: khoor hyhubrqh
Enter the cipher:khoor hyhubrgh
Enter the key numeric value or any alphabet:3
Message hello everyode

PROGRAM 5 PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT MULTIPLICATIVE CIPHER (MONOALPHABETIC SUBSTITUTION CIPHER)

#Encryption def check(c): if c.isupper(): c=ord(c)-65 elif c.islower(): c=ord(c)-97
else: return c c=int(c)
def
encrypt(message,k):
cipher="" for i in message:
if
i.isupper():
cipher+=chr(((ord(i)-65)*k)%26+65) elif i.islower():
cipher+=chr(((ord(i)-97)*k)%26+97)
else: return
cipher
cipher+="
"
message=input("Enter the message:") k=input("Enter the keys,
numeric value or any alphabet:") k=check(k)
print("Cipher:",encrypt(message,k))

#Decryption part def

getCoeff(d): for i in
range(1,26): j=int(1)
eqn=int(1) while(eqn>=1):
eqn=26*i-d*j if eqn==1:
return -j j=j+1 def
decrypt(cipher,k): message=""
k=getCoeff(k) for i
in cipher: if
i.isupper():
message+=chr(((ord(i)-65)*k)%26+65) elif i.islower():
message+=chr(((ord(i)-97)*k)%26+97)
else: return
message
message+="
"
cipher=input("Enter the cipher:") k=input("Enter the key,
numeric value or any alphabet :") k=check(k)
print("Message:",decrypt(cipher,k))
Enter the message:hello everyone
Enter the keys, numeric value or any alphabet:3 Cipher: vmhhq mlmzuqnm
Enter the cipher:vmhhq mlmzuqnm
Enter the key, numeric value or any alphabet :3 Message: hello everyone

PROGRAM 6 PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT AFFINE CIPHER (MONOAPHABETIC SUBSTITUTION CIPHER)

#Encryption def check(c): if c.isupper(): c=ord(c)-65 elif c.islower():
c=ord(c)-97 else:
c=int(c)
return c

def encrypt(message,a,b): cipher="" for i in message: if

i.isupper(): cipher+=chr(((ord(i)-65)*a+b)%26+65) elif
i.islower(): cipher+=chr(((ord(i)-97)*a+b)%26+97) else:
cipher+=" "
return cipher

message=input("Enter the message:")

#’a’ is multiplicative key #’b’ is additive key a,b=input("Enter the two keys, numeric
value or any alphabet separated spaces:").split() a=check(a) b=check(b)
print("Cipher:",encrypt(message,a,b))

#Decryption part def getCoeff(a):

for i in range(1,26): j=int(1)
eqn=int(1)
while(eqn>=1): eqn=26*ia*j
if eqn==1: return -j j=j+1
 def decrypt(cipher,a,b): message="" a=getCoeff(a)
for i in cipher: if
i.isupper(): message+=chr(((ord(i)-65-b)*a)%26+65)
elif i.islower(): message+=chr(((ord(i)-97-
b)*a)%26+97)
else:

message+="”
return message
cipher=input("Enter the cipher:") a,b=input("Enter the two keys, numeric value or
any
alphabet seperated by spaces:").split() a=check(a) b=check(b)
print("Message:",decrypt(cipher,a,b))

Enter the message:hello everyone

Enter the two keys, numeric value or any alphabet separated spaces:3 5
Cipher: armmv rqrezvsr
Enter the cipher:armmv rqrezvsr
Enter the two keys, numeric value or any alphabet seperated by spaces:3 5
Message: hello everyone
 PROGRAM 7 PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT PLAYFAIR CIPHER def
convertPlainTextToDiagraphs (plainText):
for s in range(0,len(plainText)+1,2): if
s<len(plainText)-1:
if plainText[s]==plainText[s+1]:
plainText=plainText[:s+1]+'X'+plainText[s+1:] if
len(plainText)%2 != 0:
plainText = plainText[:]+'X'
return plainText
def generateKeyMatrix
(key):
matrix_5x5 = [[0 for i in range (5)] for j in range(5)]
simpleKeyArr = [] for c in key:
if c not in simpleKeyArr:
if c == 'J':
simpleKeyArr.append('I')
else:
simpleKeyArr.append(c)
is_I_exist = "I" in simpleKeyArr for
i in range(65,91):
if chr(i) not in simpleKeyArr:
if i==73 and not is_I_exist:
simpleKeyArr.append("I")
is_I_exist = True
elif i==73 or i==74 and is_I_exist:
pass
else:
simpleKeyArr.append(chr(i))
index = 0 for i in range(0,5):
for j in range(0,5):
matrix_5x5[i][j] = simpleKeyArr[index]
index+=1
return matrix_5x5 def indexLocator
(char,cipherKeyMatrix): indexOfChar =
[] if char=="J": char = "I" for i,j in
enumerate(cipherKeyMatrix): for k,l in
enumerate(j): if char == l:
indexOfChar.append(i) indexOfChar.append(k) return indexOfChar
def encryption (plainText,key): cipherText = [] keyMatrix =
generateKeyMatrix(key) i = 0 while i < len(plainText):
n1 = indexLocator(plainText[i],keyMatrix) n2 = indexLocator(plainText[i+1],keyMatrix)
if n1[1] == n2[1]:
i1 = (n1[0] + 1) % 5 j1 = n1[1] i2 = (n2[0] + 1) % 5 j2 = n2[1]
cipherText.append(keyMatrix[i1][j1])
cipherText.append(keyMatrix[i2][j2]) cipherText.append(", ")
elif n1[0]==n2[0]: i1= n1[0] j1= (n1[1] + 1) % 5 i2= n2[0] j2= (n2[1] +
1) % 5 cipherText.append(keyMatrix[i1][j1])
cipherText.append(keyMatrix[i2][j2]) cipherText.append(", ") else:
i1 = n1[0] j1 = n1[1] i2 = n2[0] j2 = n2[1]
cipherText.append(keyMatrix[i1][j2]) cipherText.append(keyMatrix[i2][j1])
cipherText.append(", ") i += 2
return cipherText
def
main():
key = input("Enter key: ").replace(" ","").upper() plainText =input("Plain
Text: ").replace(" ","").upper() convertedPlainText =
convertPlainTextToDiagraphs(plainText) cipherText = "
".join(encryption(convertedPlainText,key)) print(cipherText) if name ==
" main ": main()

Enter key: hello Plain Text: enemy

O K , L K , Z Y
8

PROGRAM PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT VERNAM CIPHER vernam_dict =

dict((i, chr(i + 96)) for i in range(1, 27)) def
vernam_encrypt(plain, key):
plain = plain.lower() ckey = ''.join([(key[i % len(key)]) for i in
range(len(list(plain)))]) print(ckey) cipher = '' for i in
range(len(plain)):
if plain[i] == ' ':
cipher += ' '
else:
cipher += vernam_dict[(ord(plain[i]) + ord(ckey[i])) % 26]
print(cipher, plain)

print(vernam_encrypt('mountains are bae', 'hello'))

hellohellohellohe edqjssxjo sga

ast mountains are bae None

class
Solution:
def solve(self, text, key):
cip = [] start = ord('a') for l, k in
zip(text, key): shift = ord(k) - start pos =
 start + (ord(l) - start + shift) % 26
cip.append(chr(pos))
return ''.join([l for l in cip])
ob = Solution() text = input("Enter
the plain text") key = input("Enter
the key")
print(ob.solve(text, key))

Enter the plain

texthello Enter the
keyenemy lrpxm

9
PROGRAM PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT ADVANCED ENCRYPTION STANDARD
#AES
# !pip install pycrypto
import base64
import hashlib
from Crypto.Cipher import AES from
Crypto import Random BLOCK_SIZE =
16 pad = lambda s: s + (BLOCK_SIZE - len(s) % BLOCK_SIZE) * chr(BLOCK_SIZE -
len(s) % BLOCK_SIZE) unpad = lambda s: s[:-ord(s[len(s) - 1:])] def
encrypt(plain_text, key): private_key =
hashlib.sha256(key.encode("utf-8")).digest() plain_text =
pad(plain_text) print("After padding:", plain_text) iv
= Random.new().read(AES.block_size) cipher = AES.new(private_key,
AES.MODE_CBC, iv) return base64.b64encode(iv +
cipher.encrypt(plain_text)) def decrypt(cipher_text, key):
private_key =
hashlib.sha256(key.encode("utf-8")).digest() cipher_text =
base64.b64decode(cipher_text) iv = cipher_text[:16]
cipher = AES.new(private_key, AES.MODE_CBC, iv)
return unpad(cipher.decrypt(cipher_text[16:]))
message=input("Enter message to encrypt: "); key =
input("Enter encryption key: ") encrypted_msg =
encrypt(message, key) print("Encrypted Message:",
encrypted_msg) decrypted_msg =
decrypt(encrypted_msg, key)
print("Decrypted Message:", bytes.decode(decrypted_msg))

PROGRAM PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT Data Encryption Standard

# DES
# !pip install pyDes import pyDes
def encrypt(): data =
input("Enter the text : ")
k = pyDes.des("DESCRYPT", pyDes.CBC, "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0", pad=None,
padmode=pyDes.PAD_PKCS5) d = k.encrypt(data) return d def
decrypt(): d=encrypt() print(f"Encrypted: {d}" )
k = pyDes.des("DESCRYPT", pyDes.CBC, "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0", pad=None,
padmode=pyDes.PAD_PKCS5) print(f"Decrypted: {k.decrypt(d)}")
decrypt()

10