Name: Dana Silvera

Date: May 2024

Title: Thermometric Titration

Aim: To find the concentration of HCl in a solution by utilizing thermometric titration

Apparatus: Beaker, Styrofoam cup, aluminium foil, burette. Retort stand, pipette,
thermometer, pipette filler, filter funnel, distilled water, 1.5M of NaOH, HCl(aq).

Method: The burette was filled with HCl. The Styrofoam cup was supported in a 250cm3
beaker and 50cm3 NaOH was pipetted into the cup. The steady temperature of NaOH Is
recorded in a table. 3cm3 of HCl ran from the burette into the cup, the solution was stirred
with a thermometer and the newly steady temperature was recorded. Then, quickly, another
3cm3 ran from the burette. The mixture was stirred, and the steady temperature recorded as
before. This continued, until 48cm3 of the HCl solution have been ran from the burette. All
the temperatures were recorded in a table. Two graphs of change in temperature vs. volume
of HCl and 1/change in temperature vs volume of HCl were plotted.

Observation: When the HCl was added into the Styrofoam cup that contained NaOH, a
change in temperature occurred. The thermometer showed that there was an increase in
temperature and this increase was felt while holding the Styrofoam cup. There was also
fizzing seen when the HCl was added.

Results:

TABLE SHOWING THE VOLUME OF HCl ADDED TO THE NaOH AND THE
TEMPERATURE AND TEMPERATURE CHANGE RECORDED DURING THE
REACTION.

Volume of Temperature Change in Volume of Temperature Change in

HCL / 0C temperature/ HCL / 0C temperature/0
added/cm3 0
C added/cm3 C

0.00 28 0
3.00 29 1 27.00 35 7
6.00 30 2 30.00 35.5 7.5
9.00 31 3 33.00 35.5 7.5
12.00 32 4 36.00 36 8
15.00 33 5 39.00 35 7
19.00 33 5 42.00 34 6
21.00 34 6 45.00 34 6
24.00 35 7 48.00 33 5

Calculations:

HCl + NaOH --> NaCl + H2O

Volume of HCl that reacted with 50cm3 NaOH: 36.00cm3

Mol of NaOH used:

1.5 mol --> 1000cm3

X --> 50cm3

X = 1.5 x 50/1000

= 0.075mols

HCl + NaOH --> NaCl + H2O

1 : 1

: 0.075

Mol of HCl used: 0.075mols

Concentration of HCl used:

0.075mols --> 33.00cm3

X --> 1000cm3

X = 0.075 x 1000/ 33

= 2.30mol/dm3

Discussion: Titrimetric analysis is method of analysis where volumetrically how much of the
titrant is required to have a complete reaction with the analyte. Thermometric is a type of
titrimetric analysis that utilizes the change in temperature to find the end point of a reaction.
An indicator is not, instead thermometric utilizes a graph to determine it the end point. This
was done by plotting the temperature change each time a portion of HCl is added (first
graph). The temperature increases as the volume increases. The reason the temperature
decreases after a while is because all the NaOH reacted with HCl at a point. An endpoint was
determined by finding the highest temperature change on the graph. On the graph, the volume
of HCl required to completely react with NaOH was 33.00cm3. So, the number of moles for
both reagents were equal based on their stoichiometric equation (HCl + NaOH --> NaCl +
H2O), which is called the equivalence point. Therefore, the concentration of the analyte, HCl,
was determined. The concentration was calculated to be 2.30mol/dm3.

Conclusion: By utilizing the graph drawn and other measurements, the concentration of the
HCl (analyte) was 2.30mol/dm3.