NAMA : MIF’AD IKROMULLAH

NIM : 2014121004
TUGAS 2 : BAHASA INGGRIS

Original paragraph

Mobile Rescue Robot

Rescue workers’ lives are often under threat during their rescue work in
and after emergencies and disasters. Sometimes even casualties have to be
suffered unfortunately. With the development of robotics in general, robots have
seen their prosperity in replacing human beings to fulfill miscellaneous tasks in
those dangerous scenarios. Therefore, most rescue robots have been developed
based on legged or tracked robotic platforms to ensure mobility. To date, many
legged robots have been developed by different research organizations and
industrial companies, and some of them have shown up in various competitions,
such as the DARPA Robotics Challenge and DARPA Subterranean Challenge. In
addition to thoughtful structural designs, autonomous operation can also greatly
improve rescue robots’ efficiency in different rescue works. A typical application
scenario would be exploring signal blocked areas after emergencies or disasters
have occurred. To overcome the loss of telecommunication between robots and
operators, autonomous navigation is potentially desired for rescue robots.
Miscellaneous sensors can be taken advantage of to conduct simultaneous
localization of the robot and mapping of the unknown area. We integrated a light
detection and ranging (LiDAR) and an inertial measurement unit (IMU) to build
grid maps of the surrounding environment, evaluate the position and pose of the
robot and realize autonomous navigation. Note that no global positioning system
(GPS) is needed in this process, making it particularly suitable for signal blocked
areas[1].

Paraphrasing
The lives of rescue personnel are frequently at danger while performing
rescue operations during and after crises and natural disasters. Unfortunately,
there are instances when casualties must occur as well. Robots have become more
and more commonplace in substituting people to perform various duties in risky
situations as robotics has progressed overall. In order to assure mobility, the
majority of rescue robots have been designed using robotic platforms that are
tracked or have legs. Many industrial businesses and research groups have
produced legged robots to date, and some of these have participated in
competitions like the DARPA Subterranean Challenge and the DARPA Robotics
Challenge. Apart from intelligent structural layouts, self-governing functionality
can also significantly enhance the effectiveness of rescue robots in various rescue
missions. Examining signal-blocked areas during calamities or disasters is a
common application situation. Rescue robots may wish to use autonomous
navigation to get around the lack of communication between them and their
controllers. It is possible to simultaneously map the unknown area and localize the
robot by utilizing various sensors. We combined an inertial measuring unit (IMU)
with light detection and ranging (LiDAR) to create grid maps of the surrounding
area, assess the robot's position and orientation, and achieve autonomous
navigation. Because this method doesn't require a global positioning system
(GPS), it's especially appropriate for places where signals are obstructed.

Summarize
Rescue workers face threats during emergencies and disasters, and
robotics has become a popular replacement for humans. Most rescue robots are
legged or tracked, with some winning competitions like the DARPA Robotics
Challenge and DARPA Subterranean Challenge. Autonomous operation can
improve robot efficiency, especially in signal blocked areas. Miscellaneous
sensors can be used for simultaneous localization and mapping, with a
combination of LiDAR and IMU for grid maps and autonomous navigation,
eliminating the need for GPS.

Reference
[1] Y. Zhang et al., “Earthshaker: A mobile rescue robot for emergencies and
disasters through teleoperation and autonomous navigation,” J. Univ. Sci.
Technol. China, vol. 53, no. 1, 2023, doi: 10.52396/JUSTC-2022-0066.