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Devin Kearns Symposium 2024 Slides
Devin Kearns Symposium 2024 Slides
Overview
From Letters to Sounds and Back • Why is it important to do science-based reading and
Again writing instruction?
• Why is spelling important?
Reading and Writing Long Words • How do spelling and reading connect?
• What does spelling require that reading does not?
• How can we reinforce both skills?
@devin_kearns
Learning to read and write without scientific Learning to read and write without scientific
instruction affected my family instruction affected my students
My sister struggled
to learn to read
Sergio & Rosa Jaime & Adolfo
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Decoding skill
Sight recognition
adapted from Scarborough (2001): Scarborough, H. (2001). Connecting early language and
literacy to later reading (dis)abilities: Evidence, theory, and practice. In S. Neuman & D. Dickinson
(Eds.), Handbook for research in early literacy (pp. 97-110). New York, NY: Guilford Press
(c) 2024 Devin M. Kearns | devin@devinkearns.com 156 (c) 2024 Devin M. Kearns | devin@devinkearns.com 173
Reading
Phonological awareness in Peter Rabbit
Word recognition
Comprehension
Once upon a time there were four little
Rabbits, and their names were Flopsy, Mopsy, …allows us to blend syllables
Cotton-tail, and Peter. They lived with their
cɑt tɑn
Phonological awareness Mother in a sand-bank, underneath the root
of a very big fir-tree.
the ability to
detect and ˈcɑʔ ɨn
manipulate sound
units in words …allows us to blend phonemes
b æ n k
bẽŋk
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Comprehension
Decoding Skill sound connections
Word recognition
abbits
ˈræb ɨts s
æb b ı t
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Reading
Comprehension Sight recognition
Word recognition
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Reading
Sight recognition Comprehension
Word recognition
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Executive
Transcription
functions
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Expanded Direct and Indirect Effects Written composition means using the
Model of Writing elements of a simple(ish) view of writing
Transcription
Written Ideation
composition
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Written Written
Word
Transcription
recognition
Composition Ideation Word
Transcription
recognition
Composition
Ability to use
strategies
(c) 2024 Devin M. Kearns | devin@devinkearns.com 222 (c) 2024 Devin M. Kearns | devin@devinkearns.com 223
What kind of
instruction will
help?
Decoding using
Decoding using sound-
spellings
sound-spellings
Value of teaching
decoding (phonics)
character represents
spoken syllable
/f/
/sa/
syllabogram glyph
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individual ΑΒΓΔΕΖΗΘΙ
characters
that
ΚΛΜΝΞξΟΠ
represent ΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΩ
/sæwndz/
sounds
(c) 2024 Devin M. Kearns | devin@devinkearns.com 902 (c) 2024 Devin M. Kearns | devin@devinkearns.com 903
ΝΞξΟΠ
Greek has 24 letters Цыриллиц
Cyrillic has 30 to 33 letters
Аа Бб Вв Гг Дд Ее
αβγδεζηθι Ёё Жж Зз Ии Йй Кк
κ λ μ ν π ο ρ σ/ς Лл Мм Нн Оо Пп Рр
Сс Тт Уу Фф Хх Цц
τυφχψω Чч Шш Щщ Ъъ Ыы
Ьь Ээ Юю Яя
and about an equal
(c) 2024 Devin M. Kearns | devin@devinkearns.com 904 (c) 2024 Devin M. Kearns | devin@devinkearns.com number lower case 905
alphabetic Letters
represent
other dansk italiano español
languages
principle sounds. that use the
Deutsch français íslenska
Latin alphabet norsk Nederlands suomi
The letter m the sound /m/ . The letter m the sound /m/ .
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Stop & Jot Stop & Jot: How many ways can
Many sound-spellings? Let’s see… you spell the long E sound?
Think about a word that has Write all the spellings you Word Spelling
the long E sound. know for the sound /i/.
equal E
(/ē/)
How is the long E sound long E theme E-E
spelled in that word? many beat EA
Here’s one: E as in equal
many
feel EE
turkey EY
How many other ways is
long E spelled? many chief IE
vaccine I-E
happy Y
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aakkoset
Quick aside: Why is English a deep English still does follow the alphabetic
writing system? principle
• The inhabitants of • All English
Britain didn’t do so
well in international
words have
some letters
who
conflict…
egg
that work…
eye
• Even the worst
scream 800s
900s ones… of
boatswain
400s What’s a word with
no reliable sound-
live Vikings spellings?
black Norman
French 1000s victuals
courage suite
beef
(c) 2024 Devin M. Kearns | devin@devinkearns.com 922
Syllables
What kind of robot
instruction will
ro = /roʊ/
help? bot = /bɑt/
Learning strategies for
reading polysyllabic words
Kearns et al., 2016; Renaissance Learning, 2012; Zeno, Iven, Millard, & Duvvuri, 1995
but…
constitutional polynomial
(c) 2024 Devin M. Kearns | devin@devinkearns.com 1059 (c) 2024 Devin M. Kearns | devin@devinkearns.com 1060
Bryant, Ugel, Thompson, & Hamff, 1999
i
Single-letter vowels: meter linen /ɪ/
One letter that makes one sound
viper glorious /i/
motor
flexible /ə/
fusion
rabbit /ɨ/
bygone
How many
raisin // pronunciations?
at least 4
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pilot
pī
pi
/pɑi/
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/pɑi/ /pɪl/
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Terminology Strategies
• Is it necessary for
students to know these
terms?
• open syllable
• closed syllable
hen
• Is it adequate to rely on
existing knowledge?
• long-vowel syllable
• short-vowel syllable This is a vowel letter
This is a syllable
(and also a word)
hen What
This
does
Is thesound
is
sound
athe
letter
vowel
vowel
vowel
longletter
or short?
make?
hen
This is the door. It depends if the door
is open or closed…
hen hen
The consonant
When we open
door is closed so
the door, it is an
this is a closed
open syllable.
syllable.
nothing else,
don’t teach the Your
he n
turn.
Your Your
syllable house Your turn
turn. turn.
The
Universe Resource
/ræb/ /tɑi/
The Literacy Guide
Buchanan
Initiative:
Phonics
Strategic
Program for Organizing
Program
rabbit tiger
VCCV VCV
Level A Accelerating Reading
but the data about the value Reading Instruction Philadelphia-
for Optimal Franklin
A World of
Words
are not strong Capability
(SPARC)
Learning Reading
System
Treiman, Bowey, & Bourassa, 2002; Treiman, Mullennix, Bijeljac-Babic, & Richmond-Welty, 1995; Treiman
& Zukowski, 1990; Open Court Reading (McGraw-Hill, 2014); Wilson Reading System (Wilson, 2005)
(c) 2024 Devin M. Kearns | devin@devinkearns.com 1095 (c) 2024 Devin M. Kearns | devin@devinkearns.com 1096
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What is the key message about syllable Syllable division patterns commonly
division? taught (not necessarily recommended)
• There are some cautions
• There is still a reason
teachers like to teach it:
VC|CV rab|bit V|V li|on
• “Knowing basic phonics is not
enough! An efficient,
structured, logical, scientific,
V|CV ti|ger VC|CCV in|stant
reliably automatic system for
dividing and pronouncing
longer words was an
essential prerequisite for my
VC|V drag|on VCC|CCCV*
academic literacy”
– Quotation from an adult
off|spring
reader with dyslexia *just kidding… there are
participating in Orton-
Gillingham instruction (Cox & almost no words like this!
Hutcheson, 1988, p. 227).
(c) 2024 Devin M. Kearns | devin@devinkearns.com 1099 (c) 2024 Devin M. Kearns | devin@devinkearns.com 1100
river
open or closed
• If that doesn’t make a dray gawn
word, try the other way
What word
sounds like that?
Not a word.
I’ll try the
dray-gawn
This assumes knowledge of the long-vowel other way.
and short-vowel patterns. dray-gun
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major ro
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ro bot ro bot
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pre
This prefix
is pre.
Pre.
What is it?
Find a list of common affixes.
Create a peeling-off tree as an anchor chart.
P-R-E.
Spell it.
Explain and review meanings (when they have them).
Let’s add it to the Practice reading with flash cards.
(c) 2024 Devin M. Kearns | devin@devinkearns.com
peeling-off tree 1127
statement
pseudo pseudo hypo para thyroid ism
state
1129 1130
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Teach the
tion Use the peeling-off strategy for spelling
peeling-off strategy
pre
• Identify known affixes less • Say the word
on the peeling-off tree re • Say it by syllable
• Read the base word ment • Look for affixes on the
• Chunk the word with the peeling-off tree
affixes attached • Spell it by syllable
motionless
mow
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The word is
descriptive. descriptive
What word? Say the parts English spelling: Rule-driven
and spell the de. scrip. tive.
If that’s word.
descriptive, show
me description. de. scrip. tion. Spelling correctly Spelling requires
depends on knowing more patterns
many patterns than reading
s c r i p
Good readers can be
poor spellers.
tive
con pre re de ture
tion
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FLoSS + ZZ rule
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s sit
snap s sit
snap
pass pass
missing
ss missing
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space
spacing
spacy
c spacing
spacy
c
ce space ce
ci ci
cy cy
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spacy
c c
space ce space ce
spacing ci spacing ci
cy spacy cy
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Position-specific consistencies
s c
ss ce
ci
cy
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