The

time:
(temporary
have
stative Present
tolivedverbsPerfect in going These
needed. verbs are o"en
continuous
Future
verb)
Ithings/events
years. like willmy (+
Continuousjob aobservedlot.
which (= last
predictions/
on would tofuture
express
whether
at a point in the
or not plans
How
Perfect
Continuous,
continuous
forms are
have continuous
you
intentions/plans/ liking
Past
formspromises
fact your
Perfect
while have
to used to express
form)
same
Perfect
permanent
for a Participle/be
way as
short
in! state
period –of Participle/be
(+ in! plan
past. We don’t
plans
We
Inew
forms love+ choose
- rock
job? link(= one to
shortuse
concerts.time a to(= We theplanned/were
action
Continuous,
emphasise
I’m
the
Continuous
simple loving
simple
+ 676_
form) that
this a time
...
concert. .pdf +
+
–
-ing)
made
following
to/on
for the
necessarily know Zaloguj się
a
perfect
permanent
Some particular
continuous
another Thenitive/
ing) Past
continuous
stative
in state
the verbs – form
can nitive/ happened:
planning
intend to leave/on
situation/action
(= short
Present
certain
forms. Past timeabout
Perfect
tenses. – For is Past day. intended/was
period
future
games
if
simple we • want
To alltalk
of
or
Continuousform)present
day
to Rosie
be
temporary/in
Past used Present
Perfect in continuous
progress
Continuous: at leaving
to
• the
continuous
Will
Continuous:
example, you
We be
are
arrangements need, form)
They’ve
meeting want in and
our
the intending to meet us in
He’s
time.
before
perfect
today!
forms been
To he
Tell
only
• Continuous:
talk wanting
them
inabout to a
an This structure is o"en
II’ve
Future
mean hadbeen
needing
been been
playing
was
friendscan
future,
meaning
Perfect
your waiting
have
then for
we video
the
lunch
use for
future,
the
arrangements, or
was/were
Italy.
and
new
! nally
progressive
to
Perfect cha#ing
stop.
We phone
arrangementwere forall
uses: a made
meeting our in The
usedmeeting was to
to talk about
tell
Continuous:
two
Note:
laptop
The youhours
perfect
we about
tomorrow?
use it since
They’ll
forms
the Past have
are to(We
things don’t know to
destined
morning tomorrow.
• If the by verb
the be
time is BUT
take place in two
while
arrived!
Since
tense
Past
Monday.
not
Pastspecify
been
➝
the now.
can
friendsthe
si#ing
happen: pastemphasis
imply for that
forlunch
how
there what isthe
the on o$
Theif
cial
itmeeting
happened
happen: was days’
to
used
IPresent
I’ve get been to
there. link
Continuous:
emphasised trying one time
in the
to write to Past •
time.
the
forms duration
We arrangement
following were ofday.the
meeting was our
made have
This
or taken
structure
not) place.
is (but it
o"en
trying
many
PastContinuous,
The
another totime:
times
came
Present write upan and
Perfect, this part
was/were of a timetable, or
my
The
1activity
➝ blog
Present
friends
Complete , but all
wedid day.
do Perfect
for
the not NOT
lunchis(but I’ve happen
didn’t)
used at about plans
to talk
my
action
the
Past
verbs
Was/were
blog
present
they
Perfect three
inhappened:
brackets. andsentences
couldn’t
time, or
Future
Use to Ourthings
due friends
to were
were due
thatknow
action:
Future
been
used
1with • To
to
something
Ashaven’t
children talk
link about
angrowaction up in (we
a
that don’t
certain
were
We
times.
refer
Perfect the
going
are
make
to correct
the to !
it). nished
present form theof
result to BUTarrive at ten that
extra
dependence
and We’re words
we’re
plans/intentionsgoing where to spend
in thea Ourexpected
if it friends
happened towere due to
the
2
I’veJack
(grow
the past
lost
I’m is
up) myto
always
going theykeys to falling
tend(past
tell to
you time:
(but
book
of
pe#y that
(present
necessary.
on theirgoing
yet.past
things. (We started it in night.
still •future,
To talk • or not)
the have arrived at ten that
3
out
action)
lose
The
the
bad
year
Supporting
(always/fall
to:, what
their
Past
your
pastfor
luck so
Perfect
marks
is I about
travelling
wecan’t
part
use
friends
was out) around
inisget
am/is/
then
the while
with the
next theystructure is o"en
This
It’s
result)
parents.
a
reading so
previousThis it.)use usually
plans/intentions/decisions
world. arranged ,
was/were
night.
4
they
us
into
They
used Before
over
We are
thehad
future,
to
lesson. we
having
house.
were
linkle"an got
wegoing
by ourto
(have)
the
action
use pet
time a
spend
was/were
in Youdidn’t)
used were
to talk about things
what
of
action what
annoying!
our a in
world,strong
indicates the but bond
we
that the event • but didn’t about
was/were
supposed
5
dog
run While
of
I made
wewas we
hadn’tinwere
going the past
helping
realised
to tell (not
you
we
the
The
was
you a
past
friendship year
arrived.
going
Future
collecting
can
ready to
form travelling
(We
to.
Perfect
is. arrived.
some
with is
an around supposed
that
These were to give are
structures
arrival,
past:
action
6 changed
did
At However,
(help)
realise) that that
Rose not
time will
pack, our
happen:
be
people her lived to happen:
were
to/on
to to
the
Previous
Let’s
used
and your
the start
to link marks
tonow it is
this
and
atopresent possible
lesson , that
wasto
Io"en onme.
usedthetopoint/verge
talk about of
food
animal.
they
completed for
intention
yet.
minds. her infor thetake Oh, what a coincidence!
happen
7 Don’t
(live)
Perfect
grandmother in worry,
‘Thanks
use
but small
Simple
was/were
I’m not by the
communities
mailing
going timetheto point/verge of
(solve)
•we’ll
situation
everyone
with
that have
her.
to
wasanmail to! an nished
my
actually by leaving
things that when he phoned
le".)
8 Mick’s
future:
you
forms
Present get also
package.’ irreverent
back,
Perfect: we
‘That’s will !have ne. I I was
veryjustsoon: about to call
(laugh)
the
next
knew
Past when
Would at
Tuesday.
each
Perfect: the They me.
action
9 I grew
a#itude le#ers
ful! is uplled:
meant with he thehad kids you.
Future
solved •Ihave
To Perfect: They will or
indicate:
They
time
people
problem.
other.
•had
that was
complete: usean
already inmake
leave
anyway.’
going already
for
told
predictions
hanging
in
been
havethe
PresentIt will
promises out
neighbourhood;
laughing
done be
Perfect: (hang
thatain beforeout)
wonderful
I The
have
the by
said
10 I’m
university
authority
action
them.
Past
that.so
will:is
Perfect:
person. excited!
next
for It year
was Ifuture,
only
friends
with
the We them will
know be
for waiting
nearly
we
that
told
back
plane
will
years.
arrive.
opportunity
you
we
have
By not
usually
lands
nextbeen tothey
at
week,!do ve will
tothat
meet
p.m.
they
be
at
willthe
Future
repeated:
a"er
11 When
(wait)
sixteen we at
need.Perfect:
Ihad
thereached
years! phoned
airportMy theto
the
someone
least
home!
and working
story
disappeared
artist
all! my at
in
vebought
times! when
least ! ve we
ship’s
welcomehave
granddad
several times
rails will
methetime have alltold
dolphins the
times arrive.
answered. by
(already/disappear).
122 the weI 123
Mum
had books and Dad
already they
get there.
was so disappointed!

123

StronaGRAMMAR
142 z 338
GRAMMAR AND USE OF
AND USE OF ENGLISH REFE
ENGLISH
1 Complete the sentences 2.3
words in
1with
We thewere correct form of We use modal verbs to
Speculating
a trip round the harbour
brackets. almost certain/highly
go
planning/planned
the to go/on the
show if we believe
2 I ,was
butgoing to !nishwas
the weather likely, probable
Speculating or
Fran called
out.(plan/go)
going and present,
something is
3 They
(going/!
too told
bad nish)memy
to Ion
wasn’t
project to • We use
possible
about
trueor
must
the(or
and wenot)
+ in!
have in nitive
surprise
we started past
You’ve had aare
long
4 Just
tell (notas
tonight I was on
,be/tell)
but him the about to show
present we sure
Gran
party
talking!when I •present
We use evidence
future. must + befor + -ing
5 The
point students
of phoning
theoutside the were now in Youismust be
journey.
something
He’s
to show we are sure job.
got a very good
6
called
Asaw
yearhim.
supposed
(point/phone)later the
to meet
her, •our
We belief:
use will + in! nitive
progress:
tired.
di%erent,
town
me! hall so it came as Hehighly
mustprobable
something beisearning a lot
the would be
situation
(supposed/meet) Oh,
to say there’s
that wethethink
doorbell.
7 I no
wassurprise
doing (do)
yesterday. when mythey ofcoming
or true
money. in the
a"ernoon
o%er. quite, so I
(will/be) The
That’llthieves
something be is be
will
John – he said
8 We
Spanish weren’t
accepted oral going
exam to
later • at
We use may/might/could
present:
dog started
couldn’t go to the hebe
out + -ing to show
of the country
was
9 They
wake
that were due to
(not going/wake) you +notin!certain.
eight. nitive orMight and
likelihood
interview
barking
beach. andat 10 :30 , bysomething
now. is possible in
10
have
, butSusie
(had)
the was (due/have) What
couldyou indicate a +lesser
may/might/could
a
but
youuniversity
they
got up.Strona
abroad
didn’t get ,141 Hethan
/the may
338 win
present , but
11 We didn’t
intending/intended
the exam have time to Mary
say
degree might
may be
of be working
was
but about
in the to
end leave
she working
the
may: at
there in time. You
at
true. could
home be
today. right,
(Perhaps
to
2 waste
Complete
apply because
the second
(intend/apply) the for •home,
We useI’m may/might
not
(about/leave)
capitals
appliedso thatany
locally. it has a tournament.
possibility
I’m not sure. (It’s