Both are crucial!
Efficient data management ensures that businesses extract valuable insights from their data, which ● Efficiency: It enables systems to manage increased data loads without compromising on performance.
What is big data?
Big data is a combination of structured, semi-structured and unstructured data collected by organizations that can be
mined for information and used in machine learning projects, predictive modelling and other advanced analytics
applications. Systems that process and store big data have become a common component of data
management architectures in organizations, combined with tools that support big data analytics uses.
Big data is often characterized by the three V's:
● the large volume of data in many environments;
● the wide variety of data types frequently stored in big data systems; and
● the velocity at which much of the data is generated, collected and processed.
Why is big data important?
● Companies use big data in their systems to improve operations, provide better customer service, create
personalized marketing campaigns and take other actions that, ultimately, can increase revenue and profits.
● Businesses that use it effectively hold a potential competitive advantage over those that don't because they're able
to make faster and more informed business decisions.
● For example, big data provides valuable insights into customers that companies can use to refine their marketing,
advertising and promotions in order to increase customer engagement and conversion rates.
● Both historical and real-time data can be analysed to assess the evolving preferences of consumers or corporate
buyers, enabling businesses to become more responsive to customer wants and needs.
Here are some more examples of how big data is used by organizations:
● In the energy industry, big data helps oil and gas companies identify potential drilling locations and monitor
pipeline operations; likewise, utilities use it to track electrical grids.
● Financial services firms use big data systems for risk management and real-time analysis of market data.
● Manufacturers and transportation companies rely on big data to manage their supply chains and optimize
delivery routes.
● Other government uses include emergency response, crime prevention and smart city initiatives.
What are examples of big data?
Big data comes from sources -- some examples are transaction processing systems, customer databases,
documents, emails, medical records, internet clickstream logs, mobile apps and social networks.
It also includes machine-generated data, such as network and server log files and data from sensors on
manufacturing machines, industrial equipment and internet of things devices.
Where is Big data?
Big data is often stored in a data lake. While data warehouses are commonly built on relational databases and
contain structured data only, data lakes can support various data types and typically are based on Hadoop clusters,
cloud object storage services, NoSQL databases or other big data platforms.
Data Scalability: Data Scalability is a topic that’s extremely crucial in the world of data but doesn’t get enough
limelight! It’s the backbone that helps businesses, large and small, stand tall and manage their data effectively, no matter
how much it grows.
What is Scalability in Data Analytics?
Scalability, in simple terms, is the ability of a system, network, or process to handle a growing amount of work or its
potential to accommodate growth. In data analytics, it means the capability of a system to increase its capacity to
process, analyse, and interpret more and more data smoothly and efficiently. It ensures that as your business grows,
your data solutions grow along with it without crashing or slowing down.
Importance of Handling Large Volumes of Data:
Imagine you have to manage a city’s entire water supply without any leaks or disruptions. It’s exactly the same case
with handling large volumes of data effectively.
The data is categorized as below:
a. Structured data: In Structured schema, along with all the required columns. It is in a tabular form. Structured
Data is stored in the relational database management system.
a. Semi-structured: In Semi-structured, the schema is not appropriately defined, e.g., JSON, XML, CSV, TSV,
and email. OLTP (Online Transaction Processing) systems are built to work with semi-structured data. It is stored in
relations, i.e., tables.
b. Unstructured Data: All the unstructured files, log files, audio files, and image files are included in the
unstructured data. Some organizations have much data available, but they did not know how to derive the value of data
since the data is raw.
c. Quasi-structured Data: The data format contains textual data with inconsistent data formats that are formatted
with effort and time with some tools.
Example: Web server logs, i.e., the log file is created and maintained by some server that contains a list
of activities.
2. Veracity : Veracity means how much the data is reliable. It has many ways to filter or translate the data. Veracity is
the process of being able to handle and manage data efficiently. Big Data is also essential in business development.
3. Value
Value is an essential characteristic of big data. It is not the data that we process or store. It
is valuable and reliable data that we store, process, and also analyze.
4. Velocity
Velocity plays an important role compared to others. Velocity creates the speed by which the data is created
in real-time. It contains the linking of incoming data sets speeds, rate of change, and activity bursts. The primary
aspect of Big Data is to provide demanding data rapidly. Big data velocity deals with the speed at the data flows from
sources like application logs, business processes, networks, and social media sites, sensors, mobile
devices, etc.
5. Volume: This refers to the sheer amount of data being generated, stored, and processed. It encompasses the
scale of data, which can range from terabytes to zettabytes.
Challenges of Big Databases
The challenges in Big Data are the real implementation hurdles. These require immediate attention and need to be
handled because if not handled then the failure of the technology may take place which can also lead to some
unpleasant result. Big data challenges include the storing, analysing the extremely large and fast-growing data.
Some of the Big Data challenges are:
1. Sharing and Accessing Data:
● Perhaps the most frequent challenge in big data efforts is the inaccessibility of data sets from external
sources.
● Sharing data can cause substantial challenges.
● It include the need for inter and intra- institutional legal documents.
● Accessing data from public repositories leads to multiple difficulties.
What is Data Science Process?
Data Science is all about a systematic process used by Data Scientists to analyse, visualize and model large
amounts of data. A data science process helps data scientists use the tools to find unseen patterns, extract data, and
convert information to actionable insights that can be meaningful to the company. This aids companies and businesses
in making decisions that can help in customer retention and profits. Further, a data science process helps in discovering
hidden patterns of structured and unstructured raw data.
The process helps in turning a problem into a solution by treating the business problem as a project. So, let us learn
what is data science process is in detail and what are the steps involved in a data science process.
The six steps of the data science process are as follows:
1. Frame the problem
2. Collect the raw data needed for your problem
3. Process the data for analysis
4. Explore the data
5. Perform in-depth analysis
6. Communicate results of the analysis
As the data science process stages help in converting raw data into monetary gains and overall profits, any data
scientist should be well aware of the process and its significance. Now, let us discuss these steps in detail.
Steps in Data Science Process
A data science process can be more accurately understood through data science online courses and certifications on
data science. But, here is a step-by-step guide to help you get familiar with the process.
Step 1: Framing the Problem
Before solving a problem, the pragmatic thing to do is to know what exactly the problem is. Data questions must be
first translated to actionable business questions. People will more than often give ambiguous inputs on their issues.
A great way to go through this step is to ask questions like:
● Who the customers are?
● How to identify them?
● What is the sale process right now?
● Why are they interested in your products?
● What products they are interested in?
Step 2: Collecting the Raw Data for the Problem
After defining the problem, you will need to collect the requisite data to derive insights and turn the business problem
into a probable solution. The process involves thinking through your data and finding ways to collect and get the data
you need. It can include scanning your internal databases or purchasing databases from external sources.
Step 3: Processing the Data to Analyse
After the first and second steps, when you have all the data you need, you will have to process it before going further
and analysing it. Data can be messy if it has not been appropriately maintained, leading to errors that easily corrupt the
analysis. These issues can be values set to null when they should be zero or the exact opposite, missing values,
duplicate values, and many more.
The most common errors that you can encounter and should look out for are:
1. Missing values
2. Corrupted values like invalid entries
3. Time zone differences
4. Date range errors like a recorded sale before the sales even started
Step 4: Exploring the Data
In this step, you will have to develop ideas that can help identify hidden patterns and insights. You will have to find
more interesting patterns in the data, such as why sales of a particular product or service have gone up or down.
Step 5: Performing In-depth Analysis
This step will test your mathematical, statistical, and technological knowledge. You must use all the data science tools
to crunch the data successfully and discover every insight you can. You might have to prepare a predictive model that
can compare your average customer with those who are underperforming.
Step 6: Communicating Results of this Analysis
After all these steps, it is vital to convey your insights and findings to the sales head and make them understand their
importance. It will help if you communicate appropriately to solve the problem you have been given. Proper
communication will lead to action. In contrast, improper contact may lead to inaction.
Distributed file systems
A Distributed File System (DFS) as the name suggests, is a file system that is distributed on multiple file servers or
multiple locations. It allows programs to access or store isolated files as they do with the local ones, allowing
programmers to access files from any network or computer.
The main purpose of the Distributed File System (DFS) is to allow users of physically distributed systems to share
their data and resources by using a Common File System.
A collection of workstations and mainframes connected by a Local Area Network (LAN) is a configuration on
Distributed File System. A DFS is executed as a part of the operating system. In DFS, a namespace is created and this
process is transparent for the clients.
leads to better strategies and outcomes. It makes the most out of every bit of data that flows through the business
pipelines. Data management ensures that you can trust the data.
Better Insights: Efficiently handled big data leads to more accurate and deeper insights.
● Informed Decisions: With better insights come, better data-driven decisions.
● Enhanced Performance: Proper data management contributes to improved overall business performance.
Definition and Importance
So, we have established that scalability is pivotal, but let’s probe a bit more. Scalability in data analytics is the
capability of your analytics system to manage increased demands efficiently, ensuring the system remains effective even
as it grows larger and more complex.
Why is Scalability Relevant to Modern Businesses?
Data Overload: Today, businesses encounter a sea of data every day. With so much data coming in every day, it’s
●
really easy to get data overload.
● Speed & Efficiency: The quicker and more efficiently a business can process its data, the faster it can make
informed decisions.
● Cost Efficiency: Scalable solutions mean that businesses can handle more data without a proportional increase in
cost.
● Customer Satisfaction: With scalable solutions, businesses can ensure uninterrupted services even when the user
base grows, keeping customers happy.
Why is Scalability Crucial in Data Analytics?
● Volume Management: It enables the handling of increasing data volumes smoothly.
● Efficiency and Performance: It assures that growing data doesn’t compromise the system's efficiency and
performance.
● Business Growth: Scalable analytics systems are pivotal for businesses aiming for growth and expansion.
Types of Scalability: Scalability isn’t a one-size-fits-all concept! There are mainly two types:
Horizontal Scalability: This is like adding more tables to your restaurant to serve more customers. In tech terms, it
means adding more machines or nodes to your system to manage increased load. For instance, if a server is overloaded
with requests, adding more servers will balance the load.
Vertical Scalability: Think of this as replacing your small car with a bus to accommodate more people. In the data
world, it means increasing the capacity of an existing machine, like adding more RAM or a faster processor to handle
more data. Basically, replacing your iPhone 14 with iPhone 15.
Examples:
● Horizontal: Adding more servers to a database system to manage increased traffic.
● Vertical: Upgrading a server's hardware specifications to enhance its data processing capacity.
The Relationship between Scalability and Performance
Here’s where the rubber meets the road. Scalability doesn’t just mean growing; it means how efficiently you grow. It
significantly impacts the performance of data analytics solutions.
Efficient Resource Utilization:
Effective scalability ensures that resources are used judiciously, preventing waste and ensuring optimum
performance. It's like using just the right amount of water to grow a plant not too little, not too much!
‍Enhancing Data Processing
Let’s talk about how scalability makes data processing faster and more efficient. Scalable solutions allow businesses
to crunch numbers and analyze data at lightning speed, ensuring that the decision-makers get the insights they need
when they need them.
How Does Scalability Impact Real-Time Data Analysis?
● Speed: It allows for swift data processing, making real-time analysis possible.
2. Privacy and Security:
● It is another most important challenge with Big Data. This challenge includes sensitive, conceptual, technical
as well as legal significance.
● Most of the organizations are unable to maintain regular checks due to large amounts of data generation.
However, it should be necessary to perform security checks and observation in real time because it is most
beneficial.
3. Analytical Challenges:
● There are some huge analytical challenges in big data which arise some main challenges questions like how
to deal with a problem if data volume gets too large?
● Or how to find out the important data points?
4. Technical challenges:
● Quality of data:
1. When there is a collection of a large amount of data and storage of this data, it comes at a cost. Big
companies, business leaders and IT leaders always want large data storage.
2. For better results and conclusions, Big data rather than having irrelevant data, focuses on quality data storage.
3. This further arise a question that how it can be ensured that data is relevant, how much data would be enough
for decision making and whether the stored data is accurate or not.
● Fault tolerance:
1. Fault tolerance is another technical challenge and fault tolerance computing is extremely hard, involving
intricate algorithms.
2. Nowadays some of the new technologies like cloud computing and big data always intended that whenever the
failure occurs the damage done should be within the acceptable threshold that is the whole task should not
begin from the scratch.
● Scalability:
1. Big data projects can grow and evolve rapidly. The scalability issue of Big Data has lead towards cloud
computing.
2. It leads to various challenges like how to run and execute various jobs so that goal of each workload can be
achieved cost-effectively.
6 Vs of Big Data
In recent years, Big Data was defined by the “3Vs” but now there is “6Vs” of Big Data which are also termed as the
characteristics of Big Data as follows:
1. Volume:
● The name ‘Big Data’ itself is related to a size which is enormous.
● Volume is a huge amount of data.
● To determine the value of data, size of data plays a very crucial role. If the volume of data is very large, then it is
actually considered as a ‘Big Data’. This means whether a particular data can actually be considered as a Big Data or
not, is dependent upon the volume of data.
● Hence while dealing with Big Data it is necessary to consider a characteristic ‘Volume’.
● Example: In the year 2016, the estimated global mobile traffic was 6.2 Exabytes (6.2 billion GB) per month. Also,
by the year 2020 we will have almost 40000 Exabytes of data.
2. Velocity:
● Velocity refers to the high speed of accumulation of data.
● In Big Data velocity data flows in from sources like machines, networks, social media, mobile phones etc.
● There is a massive and continuous flow of data. This determines the potential of data that how fast the data is
generated and processed to meet the demands.
● Sampling data can help in dealing with the issue like ‘velocity’.
● Example: There are more than 3.5 billion searches per day are made on Google. Also, Facebook users are
increasing by 22%(Approx.) year by year.
3. Variety:
It refers to nature of data that is structured, semi-structured and unstructured data.
●
● It also refers to heterogeneous sources.
● Variety is basically the arrival of data from new sources that are both inside and outside of an enterprise. It can
be structured, semi-structured and unstructured.
● Structured data: This data is basically an organized data. It generally refers to data that has defined the length
and format of data.
● Semi- Structured data: This data is basically a semi-organised data. It is generally a form of data that do not
conform to the formal structure of data. Log files are the examples of this type of data.
● Unstructured data: This data basically refers to unorganized data. It generally refers to data that doesn’t fit
neatly into the traditional row and column structure of the relational database. Texts, pictures, videos etc. are the
examples of unstructured data which can’t be stored in the form of rows and columns.
4. Veracity:
It refers to inconsistencies and uncertainty in data, that is data which is available can sometimes get messy and
●
quality and accuracy are difficult to control.
DFS has two components:
● Location Transparency-
Location Transparency achieves through the namespace component.
● Redundancy –
Redundancy is done through a file replication component.
In the case of failure and heavy load, these components together improve data availability by allowing the sharing of
data in different locations to be logically grouped under one folder, which is known as the “DFS root”.
Features of DFS:
● Transparency :
Structure transparency-
There is no need for the client to know about the number or locations of file servers and the storage devices. Multiple file
servers should be provided for performance, adaptability, and dependability.
● Access transparency –
Both local and remote files should be accessible in the same manner. The file system should be automatically located on
the accessed file and send it to the client’s side.
● Naming transparency –
There should not be any hint in the name of the file to the location of the file. Once a name is given to the file, it should
not be changed during transferring from one node to another.
● Replication transparency –
If a file is copied on multiple nodes, both the copies of the file and their locations should be hidden from one node to
another.
● User mobility:
It will automatically bring the user’s home directory to the node where the user logs in.
● Performance:
Performance is based on the average amount of time needed to convince the client requests. This time covers the CPU
time + time taken to access secondary storage + network access time. It is advisable that the performance of the
Distributed File System be similar to that of a centralized file system.
● Simplicity and ease of use:
The user interface of a file system should be simple and the number of commands in the file should be small.
● High availability:
A Distributed File System should be able to continue in case of any partial failures like a link failure, a node failure, or a
storage drive crash.
A high authentic and adaptable distributed file system should have different and independent file servers for controlling
different and independent storage devices.
● Scalability:
Since growing the network by adding new machines or joining two networks together is routine, the distributed system
will inevitably grow over time. As a result, a good distributed file system should be built to scale quickly as the number of
nodes and users in the system grows.
● High reliability:
The likelihood of data loss should be minimized as much as feasible in a suitable distributed file system. That is,
because of the system’s unreliability, users should not feel forced to make backup copies of their files. Rather, a file
system should create backup copies of key files that can be used if the originals are lost.
● Data integrity :
Multiple users frequently share a file system. The integrity of data saved in a shared file must be guaranteed by the file
system. That is, concurrent access requests from many users who are competing for access to the same file must be
correctly synchronized using a concurrency control method.
● Security:
A distributed file system should be secure so that its users may trust that their data will be kept private. To safeguard the
information contained in the file system from unwanted & unauthorized access, security mechanisms must be
implemented.
● Heterogeneity:
Heterogeneity in distributed systems is unavoidable as a result of huge scale. Users of heterogeneous distributed
systems have the option of using multiple computer platforms for different purposes.
Properties:
● File transparency: users can access files without knowing where they are physically stored on the network.
● Load balancing: the file system can distribute file access requests across multiple computers to improve
performance and reliability.
● Data replication: the file system can store copies of files on multiple computers to ensure that the files are
available even if one of the computers fails.
● Security: the file system can enforce access control policies to ensure that only authorized users can access
files.
● Scalability: the file system can support a large number of users and a large number of files.
● Concurrent access: multiple users can access and modify the same file at the same time.
● Fault tolerance: the file system can continue to operate even if one or more of its components fail.
Applications of Big Data
By analyzing this data, the useful decision can be made in various cases as discussed below:
1. Tracking Customer Spending Habit, Shopping Behaviour: In big retails store (like Amazon, Walmart, Big Bazar
etc.) management team has to keep data of customer’s spending habit (in which product customer spent, in which brand
they wish to spent, how frequently they spent), shopping behaviour, customer’s most liked product (so that they can keep
those products in the store).
2. Recommendation: By tracking customer spending habit, shopping behaviour, big data retails store provide a
recommendation to the customer. E-commerce site like Amazon, Walmart, Flipkart does product recommendation. They
track what product a customer is searching, based on that data they recommend that type of product to that customer.
3. Smart Traffic System: Data about the condition of the traffic of different road, collected through camera kept
beside the road, at entry and exit point of the city, GPS device placed in the vehicle (Ola, Uber cab, etc.).
4. Secure Air Traffic System: At various places of flight (like propeller etc) sensors present. These sensors capture
data like the speed of flight, moisture, temperature, other environmental condition. Based on such data analysis, an
environmental parameter within flight are set up and varied.
5. Auto Driving Car: Big data analysis helps drive a car without human interpretation. In the various spot of car
camera, a sensor placed, that gather data like the size of the surrounding car, obstacle, distance from those, etc.
6. Virtual Personal Assistant Tool: Big data analysis helps virtual personal assistant tool (like Siri in Apple Device,
Cortana in Windows, Google Assistant in Android) to provide the answer of the various question asked by users.
7. IoT:
Manufacturing company install IOT sensor into machines to collect operational data. Analyzing such data, it can be
predicted how long machine will work without any problem when it requires repairing so that company can take action
before the situation when machine facing a lot of issues or gets totally down. Thus, the cost to replace the whole
machine can be saved.
8. Education Sector: Online educational course conducting organization utilize big data to search candidate,
interested in that course. If someone searches for YouTube tutorial video on a subject, then online or offline course
provider organization on that subject send ad online to that person about their course.
9. Energy Sector: Smart electric meter read consumed power every 15 minutes and sends this read data to the
server, where data analysed and it can be estimated what is the time in a day when the power load is less throughout the
city.
10. Media and Entertainment Sector: Media and entertainment service providing company like Netflix, Amazon
Prime, Spotify do analysis on data collected from their users.
Big Data Characteristics
Big Data contains a large amount of data that is not being processed by traditional data storage or the processing
unit. It is used by many multinational companies to process the data and business of many organizations. The data
flow would exceed 150 exabytes per day before replication.
There are five v's of Big Data that explains the characteristics.
5 V's of Big Data
o Volume
o Veracity
o Variety
o Value
o Velocity
o Volume
The name Big Data itself is related to an enormous size. Big Data is a vast 'volumes' of data generated from many
sources daily, such as business processes, machines, social media platforms, networks, human interactions, and
many more.
1. Variety
Big Data can be structured, unstructured, and semi-structured that are being collected from different sources.
Data will only be collected from databases and sheets in the past, But these days the data will comes in array forms,
that are PDFs, Emails, audios, SM posts, photos, videos, etc.
● Big Data is also variable because of the multitude of data dimensions resulting from multiple disparate data
types and sources.
● Example: Data in bulk could create confusion whereas less amount of data could convey half or Incomplete
Information.
5. Value:
● After having the 4 V’s into account there comes one more V which stands for Value! The bulk of Data having no
Value is of no good to the company, unless you turn it into something useful.
● Data in itself is of no use or importance but it needs to be converted into something valuable to extract
Information. Hence, you can state that Value! is the most important V of all the 6V’s.
6. Variability:
● How fast or available data that extent is the structure of your data is changing?
● How often does the meaning or shape of your data change?
● Example: if you are eating same ice-cream daily and the taste just keep changing.
Data Science: Getting Value out of Big Data
The primary reason why Big Data has developed rapidly over the last years is because it provides long-term
enterprise value. Value is captured both, in terms of immediate social or monetary gain, and in the form of a strategic
competitive advantage.
Due to its wide range of applications, Big Data is embraced by all types of industries, ranging from healthcare,
finance and insurance, to the academic and non-profit sectors. There are various ways in which value can be captured
through Big Data and how enterprises can leverage to facilitate growth or become more efficient. Enterprises can
capture value from Big Data in one of the following five ways:
1) Creating transparency
Using the data of an organization to determine future decisions makes an organization increasingly more transparent
and breaks down the silos between different departments. Big Data is analysed across different boundaries and can
identify a variety of inefficiencies. In manufacturing organizations, for example, Big Data can help identify improvement
opportunities across R&D, engineering and production departments in order to bring new products faster to market.
2) Data driven discovery
As enterprises create and store more and more transactional data in digital forms, more performance data becomes
available. Big Data can provide tremendous new insights that might have not been identified previously by finding
patterns or trends in data sets. In the insurance industry for example, Big Data can help to determine profitable products
and provide improved ways to calculate insurance premiums.
3) Segmentation and customization
The analysis of Big Data provides an improved opportunity to customize product-market offerings to specified
segments of customers in order to increase revenues. Data about user or customer behaviour makes it possible to build
different customer profiles that can be targeted accordingly. Online retailers, for example, can tailor the product offering
on their websites to match the current customer and increase their conversion rates.
4) The power of automation
The underlying algorithms that analyse Big Data sets can be used to replace manual decisions and labour-intensive
calculations by automated decisions. Automation can optimize enterprise processes and improve accuracy or response
times. Retailers, for example, can leverage Big Data algorithms to make purchasing decisions or determine how much
stock will provide an optimal rate of return.
5) Innovation and new products.
Big data can unearth patterns that identify the need of new products or increase the design of current products or
services. By analysing purchasing data or search volumes, organizations can identify demand for products that the
organization might be unaware of.
Steps in the Data science process
● Data integrity: the file system can ensure that the data stored in the files is accurate and has not been corrupted.
● File migration: the file system can move files from one location to another without interrupting access to the files.
● Data consistency: changes made to a file by one user are immediately visible to all other users.
Applications:
● NFS –
NFS stands for Network File System. It is a client-server architecture that allows a computer user to view, store, and
update files remotely. The protocol of NFS is one of the several distributed file system standards for Network-Attached
Storage (NAS).
● CIFS –
CIFS stands for Common Internet File System. CIFS is an accent of SMB. That is, CIFS is an application of SIMB
protocol, designed by Microsoft.
● SMB –
SMB stands for Server Message Block. It is a protocol for sharing a file and was invented by IMB. The SMB protocol was
created to allow computers to perform read and write operations on files to a remote host over a Local Area Network
(LAN). The directories present in the remote host can be accessed via SMB and are called as “shares”.
● Hadoop –
Hadoop is a group of open-source software services. It gives a software framework for distributed storage and operating
of big data using the Map Reduce programming model. The core of Hadoop contains a storage part, known as Hadoop
Distributed File System (HDFS), and an operating part which is a Map Reduce programming model.
● NetWare –
NetWare is an abandon computer network operating system developed by Novell, Inc. It primarily used combined
multitasking to run different services on a personal computer, using the IPX network protocol.
Working of DFS:
There are two ways in which DFS can be implemented:
● Standalone DFS namespace –
It allows only for those DFS roots that exist on the local computer and are not using Active Directory. A Standalone DFS
can only be acquired on those computers on which it is created.
● Domain-based DFS namespace –
It stores the configuration of DFS in Active Directory, creating the DFS namespace root accessible
at \\<domainname>\<dfsroot> or \\<FQDN>\<dfsroot>
Advantages:
● DFS allows multiple user to access or store the data.
● It allows the data to be share remotely.
● It improved the availability of file, access time, and network efficiency.
● Improved the capacity to change the size of the data and also improves the ability to exchange the data.
● Distributed File System provides transparency of data even if server or disk fails.
Disadvantages:
● In Distributed File System nodes and connections needs to be secured therefore we can say that security is at
stake.
● There is a possibility of lose of messages and data in the network while movement from one node to another.
● Database connection in case of Distributed File System is complicated.
● Also handling of the database is not easy in Distributed File System as compared to a single user system.
● There are chances that overloading will take place if all nodes tries to send data at once.