RESEARCH ACTIVITY FORMAT

STUDENT: Lawagan, Morris Lee O.

DATE: 05/09/2024
SUBJECT: Philippine Criminal Justice System
RESEARCH ACTIVITY No: 5
INSTRUCTOR: GLYNISELYNN P. MASKAY

I. INTRODUCTION:
“The pillars of justice uphold the weight of truth and fairness in the court.”

II. DISCUSSION:

1. Identify and discuss the kinds of correction

The most popular type of correction in the Philippine legal system is incarceration. Criminals are
sentenced to prison or jail term, or other correctional facilities. The seriousness of the offense committed
determines the sentence's duration.
Probation: Rather than going to jail, offenders may be put on probation. People are permitted to stay in
the community while on probation as long as they are under the supervision of a probation officer. They
have to follow certain rules that the court has established, such frequent check-ins, drug tests, or
community service.
Parole: Parole refers to a prisoner's conditional release prior to the end of their term. Inmates who
meet certain requirements, like good behavior and involvement in rehabilitation programs, are granted
parole by the Board of Pardons and Parole in the Philippines.
Community-Based Corrections: These initiatives give supervision and support to criminals while they are
reintegrated into society. Community-based correctional measures include halfway houses, electronic
monitoring, and community service.
The goal of restorative justice is to mend the damage that the offense has caused and to rebuild the
connection between the offender and the victim or the community. Restitution, community service, and
mediation are frequently included in this strategy.
Rehabilitation Programs: These initiatives tackle the root causes of criminal conduct,
including mental health illnesses, substance misuse, and a lack of access to chances for education
and work. Counseling, job training, and educational sessions are a few examples of these
programs.
Alternative Sentencing: Drug courts, mental health courts, and juvenile diversion
programs are among the alternatives for sentencing that some criminals may be qualified for. To
meet each person’s unique needs, these specialized courts provide customized interventions and
support services

2. What is the purpose of correction and sentencing

In the legal system, maintaining public safety, preventing crime, rehabilitating

offenders, and delivering justice to victims and society at large are the fundamental
goals of correction and sentence. While providing opportunities for rehabilitation and
reintegration into society, it seeks to hold people accountable for their actions. The
main goals of correction and sentencing in the legal system are to uphold public
safety, deter crime, rehabilitate offenders, and provide justice to victims and society at
large. It seeks to provide opportunities for rehabilitation and reintegration into society
while holding people accountable for their deeds.

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 3. Differentiate prison and jail.

Prisons are long-term facilities where individuals convicted of serious crimes

serve sentences typically lasting one year or more. They are run by state or federal
governments and are designed for individuals with sentences exceeding a certain
length. Prisons focus on rehabilitation, punishment, and long-term incarceration.

Jails, on the other hand, are short-term facilities where individuals are held
while awaiting trial, sentencing, or serving shorter sentences (usually less than a year)
for misdemeanor offenses. Jails are often operated by local governments, such as
counties or municipalities, and are meant for temporary confinement.

4. What are the forms of non-institutional corrections in the Philippines

Probation: The supervised reintegration of criminals into society subject to certain

requirements, like frequent reporting to a probation officer and compliance with
prescribed guidelines.
Parole is the conditional release of an inmate from jail ahead of their sentence,
subject to specific restrictions and overseen by a parole officer.
Community service is a way for offenders to make amends for their transgressions
by working unpaid for the good of the community.
Programs for restorative justice: They put an emphasis on community involvement,
victim-offender communication, and mediation to heal the harm that the offense caused.
Electronic Monitoring: To verify adherence to court-mandated constraints, such
curfews or geographic restrictions, offenders are observed through electronic devices.
5. Identify the Correctional Institution in the Philippines
One of the well-known correctional institutions in the Philippines is the New
Bilibid Prison (NBP), located in Muntinlupa City. It is the country's main penitentiary
facility.

6. Identify and discuss the classification of prisoners according to the degree of

security.

Minimum Security-Prisoners who are least dangerous to society; these are frequently those who
are serving out their terms or have been found guilty of nonviolent offenses. They might be placed in
institutions with laxer security protocols, and they might be given the chance to participate in community
service or work-release programs.
Medium Security- Although these prisoners have committed more serious crimes, they
nevertheless show some cooperation and adherence to prison regulations. While offering less lax security
than minimum-security institutions, medium-security facilities may nonetheless have more stringent
security measures in place.
Maximum Security-set aside for prisoners deemed to be a significant threat to security, usually
those with a history of violent convictions or recurrent offenses. Strict security measures, like as high
walls, armed guards, and restricted inmate interaction, are implemented in maximum-security prisons.
Special Handling Units: Designed to accommodate high-profile or high-risk offenders, such as
those with ties to terrorism or organized crime, these units are called such. Strict security protocols are in
place, including round-the-clock monitoring and restricted access to other prisoners.
Special Handling Units: Designed to accommodate high-profile or high-risk offenders, such as
those with ties to terrorism or organized crime, these units are called such. Strict security protocols are in
place, including round-the-clock monitoring and restricted access to other prisoners.
III. COMMENTS/CRITICSMS:

When conducting research on non-institutional corrections in the Philippines, it’s

important to consider factors such as cultural context, effectiveness of different programs,
resources available for implementation, and the involvement of stakeholders like community
members, law enforcement, and policymakers. Additionally, exploring comparative studies
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with other countries’ approaches to non-institutional corrections could provide valuable
insights into best practices and areas for improvement.

IV. REFERENCES:

Busybee. (n.d.). https://www.foi.gov.ph/agencies/bucor/. Www.foi.gov.ph. Retrieved May

13, 2024, from https://www.foi.gov.ph/agencies/bucor/
Bureau of Corrections Philippines – Corrections – CORRECTIONS Direct -The Global Prisons
and Probation Directory. (n.d.). Www.corrections.direct.
https://www.corrections.direct/philippines/muntinlupa/corrections/bureau-of-corrections-
philippines-3681
For Activities:

1. Hard copy of the activity is submitted.

2. Timeliness counts a lot in scoring
3. Individual output is required
4. Format: Introduction, Discussion, Comments/Criticisms, References (cite properly
and avoid plagiarism)
5. No. of Pages: 3-5, Format: Bookman Old Style, font size 11, justify, and observe
indention
6. Long Bond Paper Margin 1 inch left, and the rest will be .5 inch.
7. Avoid copying the research activity of your classmates.

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