ENGLISH CIVIL

About :

DETERIORATION AND REINFORCEMENT OF REINFORCED CONCRETE

STRUCTURES

Made by :

Leonardus Matalangi – 2334007

Faculty of Engineering

Civil Engineering Study Program

Atma Jaya Makassar University

2024
In construction terms, we are familiar with reinforced concrete. Some types of
concrete use reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete that uses steel for its
structure. Although in the implementation of the construction process has been
done as well as possible, but sometimes small and even large damage can occur.

Frequent damage in reinforced concrete:

1. Cracks
Is a break in the concrete in relatively long and narrow lines, this crack can
be caused by various causes including: evaporation of water in the
concrete mixture occurs quickly due to hot, dry or windy weather.
Cracking due to this condition is called plastic cracking, excessive
bleeding in concrete, usually due to incomplete curing.Cracks are shallow
and interconnected on all surfaces of the slab, this type of cracking is
called crazing. Structural movement, poor connection of columns to beams
or slabs, or unstable soil. Deep or wide cracks, this type of crack is called
random cracks Reaction between alkali and aggregate, cracks that form
about 10 years or more after casting and then become deeper and wider,
cracks are interconnected with each other.
2. Voids
Are holes that are relatively deep and wide in concrete. Voids in concrete
can be caused by various reasons: among others: Compaction carried out
with a vibrator is not good, because the distance between the formwork
and the reinforcement or the distance between the reinforcement is too
narrow so that the mortar cannot fill the cavity between the coarse
aggregates properly. Voids that occur in the form of irregular holes called
honey combing. Leaking in the formwork that causes water or cement
paste to escape, will be more severe if the mixture contains a lot of water,
or a lot of cement paste or poor aggregate gradation. This situation is
called sand streaking.
 3. Scalling/Spalling/Erosion
Is a shallow peeling on the surface, which can be caused by several causes,
including: Repeated exposure to freezing and thawing so that the surface
peels off, this condition is called scalling The attachment of material to the
formwork surface so that the concrete surface is detached in small pieces
or chunks, this condition is called spalling The release of particles as fine
as dust which can consist of very fine cement or very fine aggregates,
released due to abrasion for example when the floor is swept, this kind of
thing is called dusting.

To overcome the damage that occurs in reinforced concrete with both iron and
steel structures, it must begin with the stage of selecting good and appropriate
reinforcement materials.This material selection is a mandatory requirement for
durable repairs. One of the solutions for this reinforcement is cementitious
materials which are the best choice for reinforcing damaged concrete.

Types of reinforced concrete reinforcement materials:

1. Materials that are cementitious

2. Resin-based material
3. Elastomeric sealants
4. Bituminous coating
 Bibliography
https://solusikonstruksi.com/kerusakan-dan-perkuatan-yang-sering-terjadi-pada-
beton-bertulang/

https://www.sakhabeton.com/2021/01/berbagai-permasalahan-pekerjaan-
beton.html