Industrial Training Report

On Major Project

ZILLOW
SUBMITTED TO
PANJAB UNIVERSITY, CHANDIGARH
In the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of
MASTERS OF SCIENCE (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)

Under the Guidance of: Submitted By

Mrs. SHALINI SHARMA ANU RANI
Project Manager 17450
CSSoftSolutionPvt.Ltd. MSC-IT 4SEM

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 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the Industrial Training Report entitled "Zillow” is an authentic record of my
own work as requirements of 6-months Industrial Training during the period from 8st Jan 2018 to
June 2018 for the award of degree of MSC (Information Technology), GGDSD College
(Chandigarh), under the guidance of Mr.Chhotu Sharma.

Anu
1745014
Date: 30.4.2018

Certified that the above statement made by the student is correct to the best of our knowledge
and belief.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

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“The successful completion of any task would be incomplete without accomplishing the
people who made it all possible and whose constant guidance and encouragement secured
us the success.”
It is my proud privilege to express my profound gratitude to the Head Of Department,
Dr. Virender Singh for providing me with the opportunity to avail the excellent facilities and
infrastructure. The knowledge and values inculcated have proved to be of immense help at the
very start of my career.
I would like to thank CSSoftSolutions for providing me with an opportunity to pursue my
industrial training, as it is an important part of the MSc. IT course and it is the one that exposes
you to the industry standards and makes you adapt yourself to the latest trends and technologies.
At the same time, it gives an experience of working on a project.
I feel proud and privileged in expressing my deep sense of gratitude to all those who have helped
me in presenting this project. I would be failing in my endeavor if I do not place my
acknowledgment.

PREFACE

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Every professional course may not be considered complete till the student has practical
knowledge about it. To fulfill this requirement, a practical training must be done.

MSc. IT has become a sort of prerequisite to a successful career in computers in today’s

competitive environment. Computers basically stress on doing things practically. It is essential
that practical field experience be gathered which puts to test the classroom learning because in
computers we never came across problems, which can be solved using standard solution. Thus in
absence of practical training, classroom learning is highly handicapped.

This project is being accomplished by me as a part of this training. I am pursuing, keeping in

mind the importance and relevance of this project to my future professional life.

This project work provided me ample opportunity of handling things practically, in depth
knowledge of graphics and other various tools used in development of this project.

In the forthcoming pages, an attempt has been made to present a comprehensive report on the
different aspects of my development work.

Table of contents

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S.NO TOPIC PAGE NO
1 Brief overview of the organization

2 Abstract of project

3 Introduction

4 System Requirement

4.1 Problem statement

4.2 Hardware & Software Requirement
4.3 Technology Used
4.4 Methodology adopted

5 Software Development Life Cycle

5.1 Feasibility Study

5.2 Requirement Specification

5.3 System analysis

5.4 Data Flow Diagram

5.5 ER Diagram
5.6 System design
5.7 Testing
5.8 Maintenance

7 Conclusion

8 Future Scope

9 Bibliography

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 BRIEF OVERVIEW OF THE ORGANIZATION

CS Group

CS Group founded by Mr. Chhotu Sharma is an amalgam of CS Soft Solutions Pvt. Ltd and CS
Infotech. CS Soft Solutions is a complete IT solutions providing company with huge clientele all
over the world. CS Infotech is a pioneer institution which is engaged in providing computer
education in software technologies, to students as well as professional executives.

CS Soft Solutions Pvt. Ltd.

CS Soft Solutions is a complete IT solutions providing company based in Mohali. CS Soft

Solutions was created to achieve the goal of providing its clients state-of-art web development
services comparable with best in the world. The services provided by CS Soft Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
Are:-
Web Development
Web Designing
Online Marketing
Mobile Application Development

CS Soft Solutions Pvt. Ltd. was conceptualized in October 2009 by Mr. Chhotu Sharma and
Mrs. Shalini Sharma. The goal was to build a company that worked on solid principals, to
develop world class IT products and provide a congenial environment and adequately
encouraging work culture for all the team members at CS Soft Solutions Pvt. Ltd. Consequently,
there is a huge clientele from all across the world. For assistance please refer to our website
http://www.cssoftsolutions.com

One of the methods of paying back to the industry that has been adopted by the CS Group is to
recruit students from CS Infotech into CS Soft Solutions Pvt. Ltd. on the basis of their
performance and ability to perform in the industry.

Founders

Mr. Chhotu Sharma is the founder of the CS Group. He is a Microsoft Certified Software
Developer and has been training IT professionals in different Microsoft Technologies since last
13 years. He is recognized as “The Guru of Microsoft Technologies”. For his excellent work in
field of education, he has been conferred with title of “Himachal Gaurav” by the Chief Minister,
Sh. Prem Kumar Dhumal in the year 2007.His students have been picked up by Fortune 500

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companies including Microsoft, Accenture, TCS, Infosys and others. In the year 2009, he
established CS Soft Solutions Pvt. Ltd, a company offering complete IT services in multifarious
IT applications. He has been instrumental in shaping the goals and evolving values of CS Soft
Solutions Pvt. Ltd. His strong penchant for excellence at professional as well as personal front,
backed by a sincere and an honest approach towards life are the basic reasons for the success of
the ventures he has launched and actively developed. These qualities of sincerity and honesty
easily percolate among students, ensuring their success in future lives too.

Mrs. Shalini Sharma is Director of CS Soft Solutions Pvt. Ltd. and an adept teacher at CS
Infotech. She bears a sharp analytical acumen coupled with excellent People Management skills.
She has received Bachelor’s Degree from Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. She has trained
thousands of students during last decade. She has expertise in a wide array of languages and she
meticulously imparts technical training to her wards with endeavour to make them fully
equipped in dealing with various requirements of the IT industry, in their careers.

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 ABSTRACT

Zillow plays a vital part to make the performance of an organization efficient and successful.
Zillow serves the full lifecycle of owning and living in a home: buying, selling, renting,
financing, remodeling and more. It starts with Zillow's living database of more than 110 million
U.S. homes - including homes for sale, homes for rent and homes not currently on the market, as
well as Zestimate home values, Rent Zestimates and other home-related information. Zillow
operates the most popular suite of mobile real estate apps, with more than two dozen apps across
all major platforms.

Zillow will have data on million homes, not just those homes currently for sale.
In addition to giving value estimates of homes.
It offers several features including value changes of each home in a given time frame (such as
one, five, or 10 years), aerial views of homes, and prices of comparable homes in the area.
Where it can access appropriate public data, it also provides basic information on a given home,
such as square footage and the number of bedrooms and bathrooms.
Users can also get current estimates of homes if there was a significant change made, such as a
recently remodeled kitchen.
Zillow expands its services to include the rental market. The addition of rental listings enabled
users to list a home for rent and search for both rental homes and homes for sale.

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 INTRODUCTION

Zillow is the leading real estate and rental marketplace dedicated to empowering consumers with
data, inspiration and knowledge around the place they call home, and connecting them with the
best local professionals who can help.

Zillow serves the full lifecycle of owning and living in a home: buying, selling, renting,
financing, remodeling and more. It starts with Zillow's living database of more than 110 million
U.S. homes - including homes for sale, homes for rent and homes not currently on the market, as
well as Zestimate home values, Rent Zestimates and other home-related information. Zillow
operates the most popular suite of mobile real estate apps, with more than two dozen apps across
all major platforms.

Zillow launched in 2006 and is headquartered in Seattle.

Zillow, is an online real estate database company that was founded in 2006 and created by Rich
Barton and Lloyd Frink, former Microsoft executives and founders of Microsoft spin-
off Expedia. Spencer Rascoff is the current CEO of Zillow, Inc.

Business Model
Zillow has stated that it is a media company that generates revenue by selling advertising on its
web site. In April 2009, Zillow announced a partnership to lend its real estate search engine to
the web sites of more than 180 United States newspapers as a part of the Zillow Newspaper
Consortium. Zillow shares advertising revenue from the co-branded sites with the newspapers
and extends its reach into local markets.
In February 2011, Zillow and Yahoo! Real Estate launched an exclusive partnership creating the
largest real-estate advertising network on the web, according to comScore Media Metrix.

Website Features
Zillow has data on 110 million homes across the United States, not just those homes currently
for sale. In addition to giving value estimates of homes, it offers several features including value
changes of each home in a given time frame (such as one, five, or 10 years), aerial views of
homes, and prices of comparable homes in the area. Where it can access appropriate public data,
it also provides basic information on a given home, such as square footage and the number of
bedrooms and bathrooms. Users can also get current estimates of homes if there was a significant

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change made, such as a recently remodeled kitchen. Zillow provides an application programming
interface (API) and developer support network.
In December 2006, Zillow launched three new pieces of functionality: allowing users to post
homes for sale and set a "Make Me Move" price (an informal way to pre-market a home), as
well as a real estate wiki. In 2006, Zillow teamed with Microsoft to offer Bird's Eye View, a
feature in Microsoft Virtual Earth , that shows (in certain areas) clearer aerial photographs taken
from airplanes rather than conventional satellite imagery. Zillow uses this functionality for
entertainment-focused features on famous homes.
In December 2009, Zillow expanded its services to include the rental market. The addition of
rental listings enabled users to list a home for rent and search for both rental homes and homes
for sale.
In late 2013, Zillow began powering AOL Real Estate. In July 2014, Zillow also took over the
real estate portal for MSN Real Estate. In October 2017, Zillow announced to add 3D tours to
get 360-degree photos of houses they're interested in buying or renting.

Zillow Mortgage Marketplace

On April 3, 2008, Zillow launched a service called Zillow Mortgage Marketplace. This service
allows for borrowers to get custom loan quotes without revealing personally identifying
information.

Zillow Advice

On December 16, 2008, Zillow launched Zillow Advice, allowing people to ask real estate
questions online and get answers from the Web site's community of experts.

Real Estate Market Reports

Zillow produces home value reports for the nation and over 130 metropolitan statistical areas.
The reports identify market trends including, but not limited to: five and 10-year annualized
change, negative equity, short sales and foreclosure transactions.

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Zillow also releases a Homeowner Confidence Survey. The survey is conducted by Harris
Interactive and measures homeowners' perceptions about home value changes of their own home
and the local market.

Website Activity
The company said it had more than 24 million unique visitors in September 2011, representing
year-over-year growth of 103 percent. Of those users, 90% own a home and more than three
quarters are looking to buy or sell within the next two years, helping others to buy or sell or
looking to rent. Zillow claims over 50 million U.S. homes have been viewed. In some cities
more than 90% of all homes that exist have been viewed, including San Francisco, Los Angeles,
Boston and Seattle.

Zestimate
Zillow determines an estimate ("Zestimate," pronounced "ZEST-imate") for a home based on a
range of publicly available information, including public data and sales of comparable houses in
a neighborhood. According to Zillow, the Zestimate is a starting point in determining a home's
value. The accuracy of the Zestimate varies by location depending on how much information is
publicly available, but Zillow allows users to check the accuracy of Zestimates in their own
region against actual sales. In many U.S. states, information on the transfer prices of real estate is
readily available and accessible by the general public and is not exclusively held in realtors'
databases. Zillow also supplies Zestimate Accuracy ratings for varies cities on its website.
In March 2011, Zillow released Rent Zestimates, which provide estimated rent prices for 90
million homes on both the Zillow website and all of its mobile apps.
On June 14, 2011, Zillow changed its algorithm used to calculate Zestimates. In addition to
changing the current Zestimate for millions of homes throughout the country, Zillow changed
historical Zestimate value information dating back to 2006.

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 Scope of Project

Zillow is the leading real estate and rental marketplace dedicated to empowering consumers with
data, inspiration and knowledge around the place they call home, and connecting them with the
best local professionals who can help.
Zillow serves the full lifecycle of owning and living in a home: buying, selling, renting,
financing, remodeling and more.
It starts with homes for sale, homes for rent and homes not currently on the market, as well as
estimates home values, Rent estimates and other home-related information.

STATEMENT ABOUT THE PROBLEM-EXISTING SYSTEM

In manual system, there is a lot of problems especially with the manpower. It needs a lot of
persons to be employed for conducting surveys.
The people have to go to various places for conducting surveys. It requires a lot of money and it
takes too much time. One has to physically move to various places to meet people and have their
opinions. Most of the work involved in the process has to be done manually which is very time
consuming and cumbersome and also, it reduces the efficiency, accuracy and speed of retrieval
of data. It is not that no effort has been made towards this end. An attempt to get the complete
working automated failed as the system could not be integrated into a functional whole. I felt this
shortcoming becoming glaringly evident. A discussion with my project guide produced
enthusiastic response and I decided to take the challenge.

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 SYSTEM REQUIREMENT

4.1 Problem Statement

An electronic version of the real estate industry, internet real estate is the concept of publishing
housing estates for sale or rent, and for consumers seeking to buy or rent a property. Due
to distance decay, personal commitments and time constraints, many turn to the web to carry out
their daily activities – online shopping, booking of tickets and even for communication between
parties. Using the web to put out properties for sale and purchasing properties is no exception.
The age of technology has aided in reducing time and money within internet real estate. Users
may list their properties or search for them at the tip of their fingers, reaching out to a greater
number of people significantly, as compared to traditional methods. In contrast, the traditional
methods of contacting and meeting up with a real estate agent cost more money (agent and
transportation fees) and time. The horizon of knowledge a real estate agent has can be limited
and fragmented. They may refer you to another branch if asked to compare the current property
potential buyers are viewing to another property in a location elsewhere. Therefore, the internet
allows for buyers to compare important aspects easily and successfully. With the array of
properties listed, internet real estate provides buyers with the chance to conveniently compare
the prices and location of the properties. Furthermore, buyers may use the method of filtering to
narrow down their search for greater efficiency, where only properties that fall under their price
range for example, would appear on the screen. The internet allows for different users to publish
their reviews and feedbacks on properties which they may have lived in before, allowing current
customers who are seeking for properties, a chance to review it with a wider perspective. One of
the prime differences between traditional real estate and internet real estate is often, the absence
of the middleman, known as a broker or a real estate agent. At times, real estate agents may be
present, still dealing with customers directly from the web. Real estate agents often profit by
absorbing a certain percentage of the final sale or rent price as commission.

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4.2 Hardware and Software Used

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

Hardware Environment (End user’s PC)

PC PC (Windows)
Hardware Environment (Deployment Server)
Processor Intel I3 Processer
PC PC (Windows)
RAM 6 GB
Processor Intel I3 Processer
HDD 45 GB of free HDD space for
RAM 4 GB RAM
Internet Cache
DD 160 GB
Internet Connection 225 K Modem Connection
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

Software Environment (Deployment Server)

Operating System MS Windows Server 2008
Other software MS SQL Server 2014,
Internet Information Server
services (IIS 10 or higher),
Dot Net Framework 4.6
Web Server Microsoft IIS 10
Browser Microsoft Internet Explorer
11 or higher
Firefox 38 or higher
Software Environment (End User)
Operating System Win 8 or higher
Browser Microsoft Internet Explorer
11 or higher
Firefox 38 or higher
4.3
TECHNOLOGIES USED:

Front End - ASP.NET 4.6

Why Front-End ASP.NET?

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1: ASP.NET is integrated with the .NET Framework

The .NET Framework is divided into an almost painstaking collection of functional parts,
with a staggering total of more than 10,000 types (the .NET term for classes, structures,
interfaces, and other core programming ingredients). The massive collection of
functionality that the .NET Framework provides is organized in a way that traditional
Windows programmers will see as a happy improvement. Each one of the thousands of
classes in the .NET Framework is grouped into a logical, hierarchical container called a
namespace.
Different namespaces provide different features. Taken together, the .NET namespaces
offer functionality for nearly every aspect of distributed development from message
queuing to security. This massive toolkit is called the class library.

2: ASP.NET Is Compiled, Not Interpreted

One of the major reasons for performance degradation in classic ASP pages is its use of
interpreted script code. Every time an ASP page is executed, a scripting host on the web
server needs to interpret the script code and translate it to lower-level machine code, line
by line. ASP.NET applications are always compiled—in fact, it’s impossible to execute
C# or Visual Basic code without it being compiled first.

3: ASP.NET Is Multilanguage

IL is a stepping stone for every managed application. (A managed application is any application
that’s written for .NET and executes inside the managed environment of the CLR.) In a sense, IL
is the language of .NET, and it’s the only language that the CLR recognizes.

4: ASP.NET Is Hosted by the Common Language Runtime

The most important aspect of the ASP.NET engine is that it runs inside the runtime environment
of the CLR.

5: ASP.NET Is Object-Oriented:

ASP provides a relatively feeble object model. It provides a small set of objects; these objects
are really just a thin layer over the raw details of HTTP and HTML. On the other hand,
ASP.NET is truly object-oriented. Not only does your code have full access to all objects in
the .NET Framework, but you can also exploit all the conventions of an OOP (object-oriented

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programming) environment. For example, you can create reusable classes, standardize code with
interfaces, extend existing classes with inheritance, and bundle useful functionality in a
distributable, compiled component.

6: ASP.NET Is Multi device and Multi browser:

One of the greatest challenges web developers face is the wide variety of browsers they need to
support. Different browsers, versions, and configurations differ in their support of HTML. Web
developers need to choose whether they should render their content according to HTML 3.2,
HTML 5.0, or something else entirely—such as XHTML 1.0 or even WML (Wireless Markup
Language) for mobile devices. This problem, fueled by the various browser companies, has
plagued developers since the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) proposed the first version of
HTML. Life gets even more complicated if you want to use an HTML extension such as
JavaScript to create a more dynamic page or provide validation.

Why Back End SQL Server 2017?

Back end a description
 The back-end comprises the components that process the output from the
front-end. Back-end is hidden from the user.
 A back-end database is a database that is accessed by users indirectly through
an external application rather than by application programming stored within
the database itself or by low level manipulation of the data (e.g. through SQL
commands).
 A back-end database stores data but does not include end-user application
elements such as stored queries, forms, macros or reports.

SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE

The Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a conceptual model used in project
management that describes the stages involved in an information system development project

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from an initial feasibility study through maintenance of the completed application. Various
SDLC methodologies have been developed to guide the processes involved including the
waterfall model (the original SDLC method), rapid application development(RAD), joint
application development (JAD), the fountain model and the spiral model. Mostly, several models
are combined into some sort of hybrid methodology. Documentation is crucial regardless of the
type of model chosen or devised for any application, and is usually done in parallel with the
development process. Some methods work better for specific types of projects, but in the final
analysis, the most important factor for the success of a project may be how closely particular
plan was followed. The following figure shows a general life cycle Process in software
development:

The most common steps in all the development methodologies are as follows:

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 1. System/Information Engineering and Modeling: As software is always of a large system
(or business), work begins by establishing the requirements for all system elements and
then allocating some subset of these requirements to software. This system view is essential
when the software must interface with other elements such as hardware, people and other
resources. System is the basic and very critical requirement for the existence of software in
any entity. So if the system is not in place, the system should be engineered and put in
place. In some cases, to extract the maximum output, the system should be re-engineered
and spruced up. Once the ideal system is engineered or tuned, the development team studies
the software requirement for the system.

2. Software Requirement Analysis: This process is also known as feasibility study. In this
phase, the development team visits the customer and studies their system. They investigate
the need for possible software automation in the given system. By the end of the feasibility
study, the team furnishes a document that holds the different specific recommendations for
the candidate system. To understand the nature of the program(s) to be built, the system
engineer or "Analyst" must understand the information domain for the software, as well as
required function, behavior, performance and interfacing. The essential purpose of this
phase is to find the need and to define the problem that needs to be solved.

5.1 FEASIBILITY STUDY

Feasibility study is carried out to test if the proposed system is worth being implemented.
Given unlimited resources and infinite time, all projects are feasible. Unfortunately, such
situations are not possible in real time. Hence it becomes necessary and prudent to
evaluate the feasibility of the project at earliest possible time in order to avoid
unnecessary wastage of time. Feasibility study is the test of the system proposed
regarding its work ability, impact or organization’s ability to meet user’s needs and
effective use of resources. It is usually carried out by a small group of people who are
familiar with the information system techniques, understand the part of business that
will be involved and affective by the people that are skilled in analysis and design.

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 A feasibility study is conducted to select the best system that meets the performance
requirements. This entails an identification description, and emulation of candidate
systems and selection of best system for the job.
The factors that should be included in the feasibility assessment can be as follows.

Cost: operating, maintenance, unit

Accuracy: frequency, significance and correction of errors
Reliability: stability, durability
Capacity: average, low and peak loads

ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY
Economic analysis is the most frequently used method for evaluating the effectiveness of
a candidate system. More commonly known as cost/benefits and saving that are expected
from a candidate system and compare them with cost. If benefits outweigh costs, then the
decision is made to design and implement the system.
Usually cost benefits analysis is made to find the savings or extra overheads that would
arise new development. The technique of cost benefit analysis is often used as a basis for
assessing economic feasibility.

The factors for evaluation are:

- Cost of operation of existing system and proposed system
- Cost of development of proposed system
- Value of benefits of proposed system.

5.2 TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY

Technical feasibility centers on existing computer system and to what extent it can
support the proposed addition. This involves financial consideration to accumulate
technical enhancement. E.g. if the current operating system is at 80% capacity and
arbitrary ceiling then running another application could overload the system or require
additional hardware. If the budget is serious constraint then the project is not feasible.

OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY
The operational feasibility refers to the assessment of proposed system in the manner that
how much this system is feasible for the end users. The system should have capabilities

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 in it. That person with a simple knowledge can also use the system. Our proposed system
is user-friendly interface. The user just have to click on the choice with the help of menu.
Therefore the system is feasible on operational front too.
Our system will improve the performance and save the time. Because of the simple
interface user can easily navigate to the desired information page and hence can get the
desired information.

TIME FEASIBILITY
Time feasibility determines whether system is implemented within stipulated time. This
project ZILLOW will be completed within stipulated time frame.

REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATIONS
Requirement analysis is a software engineering task that bridges the gap between system
level software analysis and software design. Requirement analysis enables the system
engineer to specify software function and performance indicate s/w interface with other
system elements and establish constraints that software must meet. Requirements
analysis allows the software engineer to refine the software allocation and build modules
of the data, function and behavior domain that will be treated by software. Requirement
specification provides the description to the developer and the customer with the mean to
access quality rule.
There are four basic elements in system requirements analysis:
 Output
First of all, we must determine what the objectives or goals are, what do we intend to
achieve, what is the purpose of our work; in other words what is the main aim behind the
system. Defining aim is very vital in system work. If we do not know where we want to
go, we will not know when we have reached there; we shall be unnecessarily wasting
our time and energy in the system. The user department has to define these objectives in
terms of their needs. These become the output, which the system analyst keeps into
mind.
 Input
Once we know the output, we can easily determine when the inputs should be sometimes,
it may happen that the required information may not be readily available in the proper
form. This may be because of the existing terms we are not properly designed.
Sometimes, it may not be possible to get the required information without the help of top

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management. If the information is vital to the system, we should make all possible help
of top management.
 Accuracy
If the data is not accurate the output will be also not be correct.
 Timeliness
If data is not obtained in time, the entire system is considered to be a bad system.

5.3 SYSTEM ANALYSIS

Analysis is a detailed study of the various operations performed by a system and their
relationship within and outside of the system. In general view system is collection of
people, procedures and equipments. People are not the only important component of
any information system. Information is produced and used by people in an organization
in their everyday activities to make decisions. Information system establishes
procedures ensuring that right people receive right data at right time. These procedures
determine what is to be done at it enter and passed through the system. System analysis
is the method that is used to analyze the system, design them and build them. Analysis
is used to gain an understanding of existing and what is required in system. The
analysis phase ends with the system description and a set of requirement of the new
system. Analysis is a process of diagnosis the situation with the boundaries of system
kept in mind to produce a report based own findings.

For our project Analysis we used DFD and ER Diagrams tool

5.4 Data Flow Diagram

In our DFD, we give names to data flows, processes, and data stores. Although the
names are descriptive of the data, they do not give details. So the following the
DFD, our interest is to build some structured place to keep details of the contents of
data flow, processes, and data store. A data dictionary is a structured repository of
data about data. It is a set of rigorous definition of all DFD data element and data
structure
DFD Symbols
In the DFD, there are four symbols,
1 A Square defines a source (originator) or destination of system data.

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2 An Arrow identifies data flow- data in motion .It is pipeline through which
information flows.
3 A circle or a bubble (or a oval bubble) represents a process that transforms
incoming data flow(s) into outgoing data flow(s)
4 An Open rectangle is a data store-data at rest, or temporary repository of data.
The DFD was first developed by “Larry Constatine” as a way of expressing system
requirements in a graphical form. A DFD, also referred to as a bubble chart has a
purpose of clarifying system requirements and identifying major transformations
that will become the program in this system design.

A square defines a source of destination or system data.

1. An arrow line identifies the data flow or data in motion. It is a pipeline through
which information flows.

a) A circle or bubble represents a process transform incoming data flow in to

outgoing data flow.

1. A horizontal line represents data stored or data at rest or a temporary rest

repository of data.

2. An open rectangle refers to the database storage

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DFD of Whole System

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5.5 ER Diagram

The entity relationship (ER DIAGRAM) data modal is based on the perception of a real world
that consists of collection of the basic objects called ENTITIES & of relationships among these
objects. An entity is a objects in the real world that is distinguishable from other objects
 The constructs used in the ER modal can easily be transformed into relational tables.
 This modal can be used by the database designer to communicate the design to the end
user.

BASIC CONSTRUCTS OF ER DIAGRAM
1. ENTITIES:-
Entities are usually recognizable concepts, either concrete or abstract such as person,
places, things or events, which have relevance to the database

ENTITY

2. RELATIONSHIPS:-
A relationship represents an association among two or more entitles.

Relationshi
p

3. ATTRIBUTE:-

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 Attribute describe the properties of the entity of which they are associated. A particular
instance of an attribute is a value.

Attribute

4. KEY ATTRIBUTE:-
A key attribute is the UNIQUE, distinguishing characteristic of the entity.

Attribute

ER Diagram of project

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5.6 SYSTEM DESIGN

On the bases of above analysis the project is divided into following Modules:

• User Account Maintenance

o Admin

o Agent

o User

• Admin Module:-

System should easily display information about Agents, their profile, their email-address, their
reviews. It should provide details related to the lease, such as start date, expiration date and more

• Unit Management Module:-

Units serve a critical role in any property website. An ideal property management portal should
offer efficient unit management, which will help the property agents to define units and fill up
the details such as Property type, Property features. Etc.

• Agent Module:-

Agent is updated its profile, adding new Property and display its all details, check appointments,
and arrange the meetings.

• Analysis Module:-

It makes it easier than ever to search properties and take appointment from Agents, if user get
satisfactory result than they will give reviews too

• User Module:-

User firstly registers in this website than through login they will search the property and add in
favorites and take appointment, they will also give the reviews about the agent after meeting on
the site.

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5.7 SYSTEM TESTING
Testing the system
It is the major quality control measure employed during software development. Testing is the
process of executing a program with intend of finding an error. No Place of code is completely
ready unless it has been fully tested. This stage is very important as it is certified whether the
code developed meet the requirement specification or not. More over validations are also
checked in the testing stage.

Need For Testing

Testing is vital to the success of the system. Testing has the logical assumption that all the part
of the system is correct and the goal is successfully achieved. Inadequate testing leads to the
error that may not appear until month later. A small system error can explode into a much larger
problem. Second reason for testing is its utility as a user-oriented vehicle before implementation.
Finally testing leads to software reliability. This increases the user confidence in the system.
Testing can be done with two types of data, live data and test data.
• Live data: Live data is the data actually to be used in the proposed system.
• Test data: Test data is previously designed sample input to achieve predictable results.

Testing Methods
 White Box Testing
White box testing of software is predicted on close examination of procedural details.
Providing test cases that exercise specific sets of conditions and/or loop tests logical paths
through the software. White box testing, sometime called glass box testing is a test case
design method that uses the control structure of the procedural design to derive test cases.
 Black Box Testing
Black Box testing is carried out to check the functionality of the various modules. Although
they are designed to uncover error, black box testing use to demonstrate that software
functions are optional, that input is corrected accepted and output is corrected produced and
that the integrity of the external information is maintained. A black box test examines some
fundamental aspects of the system with little regard for the internal logical structure of the
software. Black box testing focuses on the functional requirements of the software.
Levels of Testing
A Strategy for software testing integrates software test case designs methods in well-planned
series of steps that results in the successful construction software. An important software testing

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planned in advance and conducted systematically. Verification is performed on the output of
each phase, but some faults are likely to remain undetected by these methods. These faults will
be eventually reflected in the code. Testing is usually relied on to detect these faults, in addition
to the faults introduced during the coding phase itself. Due to this, different levels of testing are
used in the testing process; each level of testing aims to test different aspects of the system.
The basic levels of testing are
• Unit testing
• Integration testing
• System testing
• System acceptances

• Unit Testing:
This is the first level of testing. In this, different modules are tested against the specifications
produced during design for the modules. Unit testing is essential for verification of the code
produced during the coding phase, and hence the goal is to test the internal logic of the modules.
Due to its close association with coding, the coding phase is frequently called "coding & unit
testing". As the focus of this testing level is on testing the code, structural testing is best suited
for this level. In fact, as structural testing is not very suitable for large programs, it is used
mostly at the unit testing level.

• Structural testing:
It is an approach to testing where the tests are derived from knowledge of the software's
structure and implementation this approach is can analyze the code and use knowledge about the
structure of a component to derive test data. The analysis of the code can be used to find how
many test cases are needed to guarantee that all of the statements in the program or component
are executed at lust once during the testing process.

• Integration Testing:
Integration Testing is the next level of testing. In this, many unit-tested modules are combined
into subsystems, which are then tested. The goal here is to see if the modules can be integrated
properly. Hence, the emphasis is on testing interfaces between modules. This testing activity can
be considered testing the design. Once a system has been completely integrated it is possible to
test the system for emergent properties such as performance and reliability.

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Performance tests have to be designed to ensure that the system can process its intended load.
This usually involves planning a series of tests where the load is steadily increased until the
system performance becomes unacceptable. This type of testing is called Stress testing.

• System and Acceptance Testing:

The next levels are system testing & acceptance testing. Here the entire software system is
tested. The reference document for this purpose is the requirements document and the goal is to
see if the software meets its requirements. This is essentially a validation exercise, and in many
situations it is the only validation activity. Acceptance testing is sometimes performed with
realistic data of the client to determine that the software is working satisfactorily. Testing here
focuses on the external behavior of the system; the internal logic of the program is not
emphasized. Consequently, mostly functional testing is performed at these levels.

Testing of Forms: Forms are the interface between the user and database system. Testing of
forms was extensive task. All data entry and query formats are designed using forms. Forms
were tested to ensure that they are performing the tasks well they are designed for and correction
and modifications were made found to be necessary. System testing is designed to uncover
weaknesses that were not found in the earlier tests. This includes forced system failure and its
users in the operational environment will implement validation of the total system as it. The total
system is tested for recovery and fallback after various major failures to ensure that data are lost
during the emergency. All this is done with the old system still in operation. After a successful
testing of the individual programs and forms, the whole system was through a series of' test to
ensure the proper working of the system as a whole. The system as a whole unit put to the all-
possible inputs. The consistency and validity is then checked by the outputs.

Test objectives
• Testing is a process of execution a program with the intent of finding error.
• A good test case is one that has a high portability of finding an undiscovered error.
• A successful test is one that uncovers an as-yet-discovered error.

Testing principles
• All tests should be traceable to customer requirements.
• Test should be planned long before testing begins.
• Testing should begin "in small" and progress towards testing "in the large”.

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• To be most effective, an independent third party should conduct testing.

Test Plan
The first step in the System Testing is to prepare a plan that will test all aspects of the
system in a way that promotes its credibility among potential users. There is a psychology in
testing: -
• Programmers usually do a better job in unit testing because they are expected to
document and report on the method and extent of their testing.
• Programmers are involved when they become aware of the user problems and
expectations.

For testing purpose following Test cases are considered:-

Test Test Case Description Input Expected Actual Pass/Fail

Case Data Result Result
ID
1. If incorrect user name or Wrong Error Error given Pass
password inputs Message

2. Store information in Details Saved Save Pass

Master Tables fill
3. Information added Valid Added in Added Pass
Correctly values D/B

4. Change Password New Password Password Pass

Password Changed has changed

5. Menus manage category, Valid Menu Added Pass

cuisine and item wise Selection added

5.8 MAINTENANCE

Maintenance is a provision, which includes both the improvement of system functions and the
correction of faults which arise during the operating of system. Maintenance activity may require

30
the continuing involvement of a large proportion of computer resources. When we install the
software, chances arise in two ways
(I) As a part of normal running system where errors are found, user may ask for
improvement or external requirements change.
(II) As a result of specific investigation and review of system performance.

What Contribution would the project make

Completion of the development process will result in a software package that will provide user
friendly environment which is very easy to work with, even for people with very little
knowledge of computer. Management of various tasks is incorporated in the package and will
deliver the required information in a very easy to use and easy to access manner. This package
will provide accuracy, efficiency, speed and easiness to the end user. Paper work will be
subjugated and come to an appropriate level. Monotonous and tedious part of work will become
fascinating. Since the system is verified with valid as well as invalid data and is run with an
insight into the necessary modifications that may require in the future, it can be maintained
successfully without much hassle.

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 DATABASE USED

1. TBCTY(CITY)

2. TBLOC (LOCATION)

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3. TBPRPTY (PROPERTY TYPE)

4. TBFET(FEATURES)

5. TBAGT (AGENT)

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6. TBUSR (USER)

7.TBPRP (PROPERTY)

8. TBPRPPIC (PROPERTY PICTURE)

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9. TBPRPFET (PROPERTY FEATURE)

35
 SCREENSHOTS
Index Page
 This is the startup page .

Login

36
 ADMIN SECTION
Cities Page

Location Page

37
Property Type Page

Register Page

38
Features Page

AGENT SECTION
Profile page

39
New Property Page

My Properties

40
 USER SECTION

Register Page

Agent Profile

41
Appointment Page

42
Reviews Page

Favourites Page

43
Search Page

Property Details

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 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

This chapter provides me an opportunity to do self-introspection of what value I have added to

my knowledge and skill set and to the project.

Conclusion

What value I have added to my knowledge

Domain Experience
CS soft solutions (i) pvt. ltd is working on various technologies. Also the individual
responsibilities are more. So, I have learnt a lot.

Exposure to entirely different technology

Working on ASP.NET for the first time was a very enriching experience. I had
never worked on this platform earlier. So it added to my list of know how and the
computer languages known to me.

Database Implementation
I had earlier made database but worked on SQL Server for the first time. I learnt
many new things about database creation, concept of stored procedure etc. We learn
many things theoretically as part of our curriculum but here I got a chance to apply
my knowledge practically and enhance it also at the same time.

Implementation of Business Logic Layer (BLL)

I have implemented the classes for BLL, which provides the interface between UI
Layer and Data Access Layer. This layer contains all the business logic, i.e.
Programming Methodology to implement the functionality of the system. I had
always read about N-Tier architecture but this was again the first time I got to
implement 3-Tier logical architecture. So it was a very new and realistic experience.

Implementation of User Interface Layer (UI Layer)

I have also designed the UI layer that contains the web pages designed in Jsp and
Java Script. Also it contains the Code Behind pages to implement the programming
logic.

Hangout.com is very handy tool for connectivity between people. Sharing of knowledge can be
done effectively. Communities regarding company, institute, college, school, any product etc can
be started and information can be exchanged. It can be used as a picture sharing media too as

45
user can upload pictures and these pictures can be viewed by other friends or people who have
permissions. Files can be uploaded and hence can be transferred easily within second.

As this is Social Networking site so its application is not very specific. Applications vary with its
type of use by community of people who are using it. Since conclusions regarding the project are
not so specific but only the main conclusion drawn from the project is that it can be a better
social networking site by the marketing .considered as a next web application corresponding to
another sites for social network among the society people

46
 FUTURE SCOPE

Completion of the development process will result in a software package that will provide user-
friendly environment, which is very easy to work with, even for people with very little
knowledge of computer.
Management of various tasks is incorporated in the package and will deliver the required
information in a very easy to use and easy to access manner.
This package will provide accuracy, efficiency, speed and easiness to the end user.
Since the system is verified with valid as well as invalid data and is run with an insight into the
necessary modifications that may require in the future, it can be maintained successfully without
much

47
 Bibliography

Catalogues
 Training Session Conducted by Company Itself.
 Manual provided by project Incharge.

Books:-
 DBMS by Vipin C Desai
 System Analysis and Design by Elias M. Awad
 Java Script By Ivan Byross

Websites:-
 www.msdn.microsoft.com
 www.dotnetspider.com

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