F A C T O R S I N F L U E N C I N G G R A D E 1 0 S T U D E N T S O F S A N F E L I P E NA T I O N A L HI G H

SCHO O L ST R AND SE L E C T IO N IN SE NIO R HIG H SCHO O L

A Research Proposal

Presented to:

Mrs. Tomasa Fe Manago

In Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements towards the Subject

Practical Research I

By:

Cristhel Ann Azores

Adrian Nobleza Rivera

Thyron Arcos
 CHA PT E R I

In t r o du ct io n

In the Philippines, the K–12 program was implemented in the Philippines during

the school year 2012-2013. It shifted the education of learners from the Basic Education

Curriculum to the new curriculum, the K–12 program. This curriculum has been

legalized under the Republic Act 10533 or the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013.

The program aims to give students longer to acquire and learn the necessary concepts

and skills. This would provide students with enough knowledge that they would need for

their future occupation and livelihood.

This program will ensure that every learner will be prepared for their future. The

K–12 program includes kindergarten, six years in elementary school, four years in junior

high school, and two years in senior high school. After finishing all these levels, every

learner will exit the K–12 programs. There are four known exits from K–12: middle-level

skill development, entrepreneurship, employment, and higher education. Higher

education means that learners will continue their studies via tertiary education. However,

before entering tertiary education, students must finish the senior high school level first.

Senior high school is the last level of the K–12 programs. This added two years to the

curriculum, during which students must complete Grades 11 and 12. The additional two
years are necessary so junior high school graduates are better prepared for their chosen

path. In this way, students will be at the legal age (18 years old) to be lawfully employed

after graduation.

At this level, there are tracks and strands that learners must choose to be in.

There are four tracks that students can choose from: the technical vocational livelihood

track, the sports track, the arts and design track, and the academic track. However, San

Felipe National High School only offers two tracks: the technical vocational livelihood

track, or TVL; the agriculture; the cookery; and the academic strand, or GAS. The

technical vocational livelihood track, or TVL track, provides students with subjects that

are made specially and focused on job-ready skills. The cookery strand teaches learners

basic culinary skills that will let them prepare food for one person and large groups.

According to Caparas (2022), students must think deeply to decide. They also offer the

GAS or General Academic Strand, one of the three strands of the Academic Track for

Senior High School. Unlike the other career-specific strands, GAS is designed for

students who have not decided yet on what course they want to take in college. In this

strand, you can choose from the electives of the different tracks such as Applied

Economics, Organization, and Management, Furthermore, while in this stage, students'

decision-making might be influenced by such factors. This study aims to determine the

factors influencing the students' choosing their Senior High School Track and Strand.
St at e m e nt o f t h e P r o b lem

This study aimed to determine the factors that affect Grade 10 Students in

choosing their track for Senior High school in San Felipe National High School.

Specifically, it seeks to answer the following:

1. How may the demographic profile of the students be described in terms of:

a. Gender

c. Age

d. Socio-Economic Status

2. What career/track would the respondents want to specialize in and pursue once they

graduate?

3. What are the factors that can help grade 10 students in choosing their strand

effectively?
Sig nif icance o f t h e St udy

The significance of the study lies in the several elements that influence grade 10

students' choice of strand in Senior High School (SHS).

A D M I NI S T R A T I O N .

This potential impact on educational policy and planning. By identifying the diverse

factors that impact students' decisions, policymakers can make well-informed

decisions concerning the distribution of resources, the creation of educational

initiatives, and the establishment of support networks.

T E ACHE R S.

By having a better knowledge of these elements, teachers can create a curriculum that

engages students and suits their requirements. this can improve students' academic

performance by increasing their level of involvement and happiness.

P AR E NT S.

By directing students toward strands that correspond with their career goals, this study

can also aid in preparing them for their future employment

ST U D E NT S.

When students choose their strands, it can reveal their preferences and driving forces.
By understanding the most significant aspects of kids, educators can better customize

their guidance and counseling services.

F U T U R E R E S E A R C HE R .

The research results can guide cooperation between today’s researchers and future

researchers. Research partners can offer vital insights into the skills and competencies

required in the profession by getting to know students' preferences and career

objectives. Through this partnership, appropriate curriculum, internship opportunities,

and career pathways that better prepare students for the workforce of the future may be

developed.
 CHA PT E R II

R E V I E W O F R E L AT E D L I T E R A T U R E AND ST U D IE S

R e v i e w r e l a t e d s t u di e s

L o ca l

According to Jerald C Moneva & Marsha H Malbas(2019) There are many influences that affect

the preferences of grade 10 students in choosing a track to proceed to senior high school.

Likewise, this study aims to identify influence of preference of a Senior High School track that is

commonly encountered by the Grade 10 students in terms of Gender, Socio-Economic Status,

Average academic grades, nature of parent’s occupation; and, strand and the level of influence

of the respondent to be associated with preferences in choosing a track in senior high school in

terms of family influence-decision; peer influence; financial condition; and employability.

According to A Nazareno et. al (2021). Selecting a career track is crucial and must be thought of

carefully because of its long-term impact on an individual’s future career. With the

implementation of the K to 12 program in the Philippines, students need to choose from four

career tracks before entering senior high school (SHS). Knowing the factors that may influence

students’ career track choices can be helpful in the development of strategies that may help

them make intelligent decisions. (Factors associated with career track choice of senior high
school students: Philippine Journal of Science 150 (5), 1043-1060, 2021)

According to Jona Royo and Renee Lamela (2021) This study focused on the track preference,

factors that affect the choice of track of incoming senior high school students and the extent to

which these factors influence their track preference.

Fo r e ign

Kie Gidoc Maglasang(2021) Venturing into business is a growing field that has become

attractive among students. This impression yielded to come up with this study which looked

into the role of the acquired entrepreneurial competencies in the business career planning of

learners in senior high school.

Mohamad T Simpal et. al. (2024) This study focused on determining the impact of parental

influence, environment, and personality factors on the strand selection of Grade 10 students

and proposed a best fit model.

Alfred V Ortiz (2024) This study assessed the extent of factors affecting learning Mathematics

among Grade 11 students in Notre Dame of Jolo College Senior High School.

According to Wang et. al (2020) Science career expectations can be affected by personal

science beliefs and social supports. Framed in Expectancy-Value Models, this research studied

the influence of science beliefs (science interest belief, self-efficacy belief and value belief) and

social supports (parents and teachers) on students' science career expectations by the survey
of 798 10th grade students.

Kie Gidoc Maglasang(2021) Venturing into business is a growing field that has become

attractive among students. This impression yielded to come up with this study which looked

into the role of the acquired entrepreneurial competencies in the business career planning of

learners in senior high school.

Princes Aires Malaguial et. al (2023) Choosing a senior high school strand is one of the most

challenging decisions that junior high school students will have to face. The study aimed to help

students decide on their future senior high school strand by knowing the factors’ influence

levels and their relationship with their decision.

According to OKT Kilag et. al (2023) This study aims to explore the determinants of senior high

school (SHS) track preference among grade 10 students in the Philippines using a mixed-

method approach.

Alfred V Ortiz (2024) This study assessed the extent of factors affecting learning Mathematics

among Grade 11 students in Notre Dame of Jolo College Senior High School.

Mohamad T Simpal et. al. (2024) This study focused on determining the impact of parental

influence, environment, and personality factors on the strand selection of Grade 10 students

and proposed a best fit model.

R evie w r e lat e d lit e r at u r e

Fo r e ign

Karen Mae Hamor Palabrica, Christine Hugo Ferolino (2020)This study would like to take a step

in defining the career tracks and available career choices for SHS students and provide a better

understanding of career decision-making that may provide meaningful outcomes for developing

the careers of the future graduates of the K-12 Program. (Career Choices of Senior High School

Academic Track Graduates in Sorsogon City)

According to Jeddah B Quiño (2022) Selecting the appropriate course is critical for a student

who has not yet decided which career path to pursue most especially during this time of

pandemic.

According to Ritchel C Retes et. al. (2023) Career choice is a significant issue worldwide in

terms of the developmental lives of learners. This study investigates the level of difficulty faced

by grade 10 students when deciding on a career in the senior high school strand.

Aryani, Farida; Umar, Nur Fadhilah et. al.(2020) This research aims to identify the factors

influencing students in deciding their university majors, particularly in Indonesia

Phan Thi Yen, Dang Vinh(2024) The Vietnamese education system has undergone significant

improvements to align with global development. General education, including primary through

high school, is divided into three levels in Vietnam: five years of primary school, four years of
lower secondary school, and three years of high school education.

Abdullajon Topilovich Mirzayev (2024)The article explores the theoretical practical aspect of

graduate competitiveness in higher education institutions. In the study, the concepts of

competitiveness, higher education competitiveness and competitiveness of a graduate of a

higher educational institution were systematized on the basis of the approaches of foreign and

domestic scientists.

L o ca l

Patricia M Soledad et. al. (2020) This paper sought to test the assertion that one's personality

type leads to a career choice.

According to Aldrin G Madriaga and Reymar Alejandro G Siobal (2022) There has been a

massive number of students choosing the STEM strand in different schools worldwide and the

Philippines, and this involves various factors that influence students to choose the strand.

According to Brea Sherene Morales et. al. (2023) The K-12 curriculum was legalized under

Republic Act 10533. This study determined the factors influencing Lal-lo National High School

students in choosing their Senior High School Track and Strand. Factors Influencing the Senior

High School Track and Strand Preference of Students in Lal-lo National High School

Anelfa E Badilla and Elizabeth D Dioso (2023) Deciding on what strand to take in senior high

school is important for it is the beginning of their chosen line of work in the future.
 Julie T Maestrado and Jimmy D Bucar (2024) Upon entering senior high school, students

choose a career track. School counselors/designates through the career guidance advocacy

activities play a vital role in student’s readiness for related career decision.

According to Ian Jake N Galorio and Chennie S Naling (2024) Environmental education in the

Philippines has been incorporated into different course curricula, including life and physical

sciences. This study evaluated the awareness and practices of senior high school students and

teachers in environmental education.

C o nc ep t ual Fr am e wor k

I NP U T P r o ce s s
O ut p ut
Fac t o r s inf lu en cing g r ade
1 0 s t ude nt s t r an d
s ele ct io n An alys is o f dat a t hr o ug h
• g o als p lay in t h e de cis io n
- m ak ing p r o ce s s
A. St ude nt s A. Q u es t io n nair e s
• inc linat io ns
B. P ar en t B. Fo r m al/ inf o r m al
• int e r es t
int er view s
C . T each er
T h e o r e t ic al Fr am e wo r k

David Zuckerman: Endogenous Preference Formation

This theory suggests that people adopt worldviews that shape their judgments about their

experiences.This theory emphasizes the role of mindset flexibility, which determines the relative

weights individuals place on their current and anticipated worldviews when evaluating future

outcomes.

Hy p o t h e s i s o f t h e s t u d y
A s s u m p t i o n o f t h e s t u dy

The assumption of the study is entitled " Factors Influencing Grade 10 Students' Strand

Selection in Senior High School"likely includes the following assumption:

1. This study assumes that the socio economic consideration that affect the academic

choice of grade 10 pupils is there parent's occupation, family influence, peer influence,

and financial condition significantly influence the academic strand choices of grade 10

students.

2. It assumes that the student decision about their shs track is influenced by their

interests, talents, academic skills, career adaptability, demographic factors, education

funding, career guidance, student motivation, and learning discipline.

3.it assumes that the students in Senior High School (SHS) choose a specialization

based on their interests, abilities, and academic capabilities.

4. It's aims that the students may consider their own perceived strengths and

weaknesses in certain subjectd when making their strand selection, aiming to align their

choices with their academic abilities and future career aspiration.

5. The financial considerations such as tue cost of pursuing certain strands or career

paths after graduation may impact students choices, with some opting for strands
perceived to have better economic prospects or job opportunities post-graduation

D e f in it io n o f t e r m s

To facilitate the understanding of this study, different term are defined;

•Decision-making. in this study it aims to the process of making choices by identifying a

decision, gathering information, and assessing alternative resolutions.

•Gas. is an acronym for General Academic Strand. It takes a general approach to

prepare students for university life. Compared to other strands, students can expect to

tackle different disciplines. This can cover various subjects and topics such as

Humanities, Management, Social Sciences, and even Organization.

•Individual Factors. in this study, this term refers to takes into account the aspects that

are unique to an individual employee

•SFNHS. it is defined as a San Felipe National High School

•Socio-economic. The term socioeconomic refers to the interaction between the social

and economic habits of a group of people — like the dating habits of millionaires! The

prefix socio- refers to "the study of the behaviors of people," including the ways they

interact with one another or their family structures.

 CHA PT E R III

R e s e ar ch D e s ig n and Me t h o do lo g ie s

R e s e ar ch D e s ig n

The purpose of this study was to discover the factors that influencing grade 10

students choices of senior high school track. the researchers used the descriptive

research design to explore the study goals and produce a fresh interpretation of the

gathered date. to research the study goals, the investigators used a descriptive research

approach to produce a new interpretation of the collected data. the research is

descriptive as its goals is to ascertain whether junior high school(jhs) decision making

influencing the selection of a particular strand.

R e s p o nde nt s o f t h e St udy

Stratified random sampling was used to choose the respondents. The participants in

this study were pupils in grade 10, both Adolescents, both male and female, in the

school year 2022–2023, aged 15–16. were chosen to represent San Felipe. Among all

the schools in San Felipe National High School, the research chooses these particular

ones because they are enthusiastically accepted the researchers' request to study

their students, and the school supplied all the information required. Additionally, the

Respondents were assured that the information they provided would remain private

and anonymous.

D at a G at he r ing Ins t r u m e nt

The researcher use Questionnare and formal interview as data gathering instrument

for this research. The researchers would conduct an interview at the same time

researchers aims to study the factors influencing grade 10 students strand selection in

senior high school.

V al i d i t y and R e l i abi l i t y

Content Validity:The degree to which the study's constituents accurately reflect the

concept of interest—in this case, the variables impacting grade 10 pupils' strand

selection—is referred to as content validity. In order to verify content validity,

professionals in the fields of psychology, career counseling, and education would need

to evaluate the elements and make sure they accurately reflect the pertinent strand

selection features.

Criterion validity evaluates how well the factors that have been identified predict or

correlate with the actual results of the strand selection process. Researchers could

assess if there is a substantial correlation between students' final strand selections and

their self-reported influential factors in order to establish criterion validity.

Construct Validity: This validity pertains to whether the selected variables are

consistent with theoretical frameworks and related hypothesis.

St at is t ical T r eat m e nt