STUDENT LEARNING GUIDE

Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction (DRR) for Senior High School

7. LEARNING MODULE – METEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS II

by Salvador G. Oleivar and Renan Tanhueco

CONTENT CONTENT PERFORMANCE LEARNING

STANDARD STANDARD COMPETENCIES
7. Hydro- The learners The learners develop The learners would be
Meteorological demonstrate a family emergency able to perform the
Hazards understanding of the preparedness plan to following:
following: guide them on what 1.Distinguish and
to do before, during differentiate among and
Potential and after the between different hydro-
Meteorological occurrence of events meteorological hazards;
hazards: that cause geological 2. Recognize signs of
hazards. impending hydro-
7.1 El Nino, El Nina meteorological hazards;
& Climate 3. Apply appropriate
Change measures/interventions
7.2 Hazard Maps and before, during and after
Risk Reduction and hydro-meteorological
Preparedness hazards;
4. Interpret different
hydro-meteorological
hazard maps; and
5. Use available tools for
monitoring hydro-
meteorological hazards

7.2.1 Hazard Map

Hazards are forever a threat but can be managed if we learn the lessons from past disasters. Over
the years, it has become clear that effective disaster prevention and mitigation entails two
important aspects. The first is the delivery of accurate, readily accessible, understandable and
timely warnings. It is the responsibility of government and should be executed using the best
science and advanced tools. The second entails the appropriate response of people when they are
given a warning. This is the more difficult part because it requires the long-term involvement of
everyone and not when it’s too late -people must educate themselves on the different hazards,
know the dangers in their neighborhood and practice evacuation drills. These long-term
preparations need to be accompanied by reliable hazard maps (Figure 1a, Philippines and Figure
1b, Metro Manila) that depict scenarios of hazards in a community.

Figure 1a : Flood Hazard Map of the Philippines

Figure 1b : Flood Hazard Map of Metro Manila

7.2.2 Disaster Brought by Meteorological Hazard

Definition: Meteorological Hazard

Process or phenomenon of atmospheric, hydrological or oceanographic nature that may cause

loss of life, injury or other health impacts (Figure 2a), property damage, loss of livelihoods and
services, social (Figure 2b) and economic disruption (Figure 2d), or environmental damage
(Figure 2c).

Figure 2a : Disaster on Human Life

Figure 2b : Disaster on Community

 Figure 2c : Disaster on Environment

Figure 2d : Disaster on Economy

7.2.3 Typhoon Preparedness Guide

Typhoons aren’t just scary because of their powerful winds and the strong rain they bring; the
chaos of a typhoon is also a prime time for injury, and conditions may make disease more
likely. So first and foremost, your safety and that of your nearest and dearest should be your
priority. Figure 3a, Figure 3b and Figure 3c are best guide in preparing for strong typhoon,
before, during, and after.

Figure 3a : To do before typhoon

Figure 3b : To do during typhoon

 Figure 3c : To do after typhoon

7.3 Class Activity

7.2.4.1 Application of Modern Technology

Communications technologies play a crucial role in providing the means for propagating and
disseminating disaster related information. Effective and robust communications in an
emergency or in the promotion of preparedness and awareness can provide schools or
communities with the necessary advance knowledge or warnings to take mitigating action. As
the student will be guided and will learn how to use modern technologies or application as
shown in Figure 4a and Figure 4b.

Figure 4a : Program Application

 Figure 4b : Preparedness Guide

7.2.4.2 Class Evaluation, DO’s and DONT

As part of risk reduction lesson, the class will be asked to evaluate and explain the advantages
and disadvantages of each picture shown in Figure 5a trough Figure 5d.

Figure 5a : Good and Bad Practices

Figure 5b : Good and Bad Practices

Figure 5c : Good and Bad Practices

Figure 5d : Good and Bad Practices

Figure 5c : Good and Bad Practices

 7.2.4.3 Flood Meter

For student to personally adhere the effect of flooding, each student will be ask to post-it the
flood level (Figure 6) they had experience in their own community and further will be applied
to Project NOAH application so that they could make adjustment on their house or places.

Figure 6 : Flood Meter

7.4 Class Group Activity (Basic Disaster Kit)

Students will be group with a minimum number of seven, and each group will assign to make
their own “Basic Disaster Supplies Kit” as shown in Figure 7, and will be checked and
submitted at the end of the term.

Figure 7 : Basic Disaster Kit

7.5 Land Slides

ILANG MAHALAGANG KONSEPTO

Ano ang pagtabag, guho o landslide?

Ang pagtabag ay pagguho ng lupa at bato sa

dalisdis (slope) ng bundok dahil sa pagkababad
ng lupa sa tubig-ulan o pagyanig ng lupa dahil
sa lindol. Mayroong iba’t-ibang uri ng pagtabag
ayon sa bilis ng paggalaw, klase ng lupa at kung
paano ito gumalaw. Ang “flow” o agos ng putik
ay nangangahulugan na ang gumuguhong lupa
ay parang umaagos na tubig. Maari ring ang
buong bahagi/ bloke ng lupa ay dumulas pababa
(pagdulas o slip). Ang paghulog o pagbagsak ng
mga bato o “rock fall” mula sa bangin ay isa
ring uri ng pagtabag. Mayroon namang
dalawang uri ng pagdulas ng lupa (slip), ito ay
pagdausdos (slide) o pagsalagmak (slump).

READ MORE: PHIVOLCS Pagtabag

PHIVOLCS-DOST, PAGASA-DOST, MGB-DENR at OCD-NDCC

ILANG MAHALAGANG KONSEPTO

Ano ang pagtabag, guho o landslide?

Ang pagtabag ay pagguho ng lupa at bato sa

dalisdis (slope) ng bundok dahil sa pagkababad
ng lupa sa tubig-ulan o pagyanig ng lupa dahil
sa lindol. Mayroong iba’t-ibang uri ng pagtabag
ayon sa bilis ng paggalaw, klase ng lupa at kung
paano ito gumalaw. Ang “flow” o agos ng putik
ay nangangahulugan na ang gumuguhong lupa
ay parang umaagos na tubig. Maari ring ang
buong bahagi/ bloke ng lupa ay dumulas pababa
(pagdulas o slip). Ang paghulog o pagbagsak ng
mga bato o “rock fall” mula sa bangin ay isa
ring uri ng pagtabag. Mayroon namang
dalawang uri ng pagdulas ng lupa (slip), ito ay
pagdausdos (slide) o pagsalagmak (slump).

READ MORE: PHIVOLCS Pagtabag

PHIVOLCS-DOST, PAGASA-DOST, MGB-DENR at OCD-NDCC

 http://www.foreclosurephilippines.com

Disaster brought by
Hydro-meteorological hazard:
Landslides
⚫ A rockslide-debris avalanche occurred at 10:26
am on 17 February 2006 in Southern Leyte,
Philippines (Lagmay et al., 2006). This large-
scale landslide devastated the village of
Guinsaugon, with a population of 1,857
(NDCC, 2006). Twenty survivors were rescued
from the front edge of the debris field within
hours of the disaster, but the majority of the
village’s population was believed to have been
buried by the avalanche. The excessive
amount of rain that fell in the days was one of
the trigger to the landslide.
⚫ Read more at
http://blog.noah.dost.gov.ph/2006/02/17/guinsa
ugon-landslide-2006-in-southern-leyte/

Learning Modules on Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction

De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
FOR DLSU USE ONLY. NOT FOR CITATION NOR DISTRIBUTION.
 Disaster brought by
Hydro-meteorological hazard:
Landslides
⚫ In Dingalan, floods, shallow landslides, and
debris flows incurred a total of Php 134.47M in
damages, totally devastated 985 houses and
partially damaged 898, affected at least eleven
barangays composed of 18,600 people and
4,020 families, and caused 135 fatalities with 56
missing, and 104 injured. Aurora was swept
away and buried by debris flows triggered along
the Subsob and Paltic rivers by continuous
heavy rains from typhoon Merbok on 22-23
November and typhoon Winnie on 29-30
November 2004.
⚫ Read more at
http://blog.noah.dost.gov.ph/2004/12/03/violeta-
and-winnie-2004-debris-flows-in-dingalan-
aurora-and-infanta-quezon/

Learning Modules on Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction

De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
FOR DLSU USE ONLY. NOT FOR CITATION NOR DISTRIBUTION.