Industries

Topic : Subjective Questions

1. What is manufacturing? How important are manufacturing industries?

Instructions:
1. Define manufacturing
2. Explain the importance of manufacturing industries
Answer:
"Production of goods in large quantities after processing from raw materials
to more valuable products is called manufacturing."​

Importance of manufacturing industries

Industries provides employment and help in eradicating
unemployment and poverty in the country. Providing employment was
the main reason behind the public and joint sector ventures in India.
​Boost agricultural productivity by providing irrigation tools and
fertilisers.
Public and joined sector industries are established in tribal and
backward areas to bring down regional disparities​.
Export of manufactured goods brings in foreign exchange.

2. What are the factors that affect industrial location?

Instructions:
1. Explain the factors that affect industrial location
Answer:
There are multiple factors responsible for choosing an industrial location.
The location of an industry is influenced by the availability of climate, raw
material, labour, capital, power and market, government policies, transport
etc.

Hence, manufacturing activity takes place at the most appropriate place

where all the factors are either available or can be arranged at a lower cost.

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 Industries

3. What is meant by industrial disaster? Give an example.

Instructions:
1. Explain industrial disaster
2. State an example
Answer:
Disasters and accidents in industries mainly occur due to technical failure or
irresponsible handling of hazardous material.
Example:
One of the worst industrial disasters of all time occurred in Bhopal on 3
December 1984. It was a technological accident in which highly poisonous
Methyl Isocyanate (MIC) gas along with Hydrogen Cyanide and other
reaction products leaked out of the pesticide factory of Union Carbide. The
official death toll was 3,598 in 1989. Thousands, who survived still suffer
from one or many ailments like blindness, impaired immune system,
gastrointestinal disorders, more.

4. Explain industries based on ownership.

Instructions:
1. Describe industries
2. Explain public, private, joint and cooperative
Answer: Industry refers to economic activity that is concerned with the
production of goods, extraction of minerals or the provision of services.
Industries can be classified into various categories.

Industries based on ownership

Public sector: It is owned and operated by the government.

Example: BHEL ( Bharat Heavy Electrical Limited)

Private Sector​: This is owned by individuals or groups of individuals​.

Example: TATA Power

Joint Sector​: Ownership shared between public sector agencies and private
groups​.
Example: Maruti Suzuki

Cooperative Sector​: Owned by producers and suppliers of raw materials​.

Example: Amul

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 Industries

5. Mention measures to prevent industrial disasters.

Instructions:
1. Describe industrial disaster
2. List out measures to control industrial disasters
Answer: Disasters and accidents in industries mainly occur due to technical
failure or irresponsible handling of hazardous material.

Ways to reduce industrial accidents/disasters​:

Residential areas should be separated from ​the industrial areas.
Spreading awareness of toxins or hazardous industrial substances ​
through various public programmes.
Fire warning should be improved.
Storage capacity of toxic substances​should be looked upon.
Pollution dispersion in industries should be improved​.

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