Newtons Laws of Motion

ONE SHOT - CLASS 11 - PHYSICS - NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION
NEWTON’S
LAWS OF MOTION
ONE SHOTIn 60 min
Physics, Grade- 11
&
-
ONE SHOT
ONE SHOT
- CLASS
- CLASS
11 - PHYSICS
11 - PHYSICS
- NEWTON’S
- MOTION
LAWS
IN AOF
PLANE
MOTION
Chapter flow
Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4
ITIHAS APPLICATION COMMON PROBLEM

FORCES SOLVING
PART 1 ITIHAS
कहानी FORCE के जन्म की
Session flow
PART 1 ITIHAS
ITIHAS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. ARISTOTLE
1. Aristotle’s Fallacy
3. GALILEO
1. The Law Of Inertia
4. NEWTON
1. Newton’s First Law of Motion
2. Newton’s Second Law of Motion
3. Newton’s Third Law of Motion
Its all started from………

ITIHAS INTRODUCTION
ITIHAS INTRODUCTION
What governs the motion of bodies?
They knew….
ITIHAS Concept of Force
A breeze causes the branches To move a Stone at rest,

of a tree to swing. someone must throw it.
ITIHAS Concept of Force
EXTERNAL
Rest Motion
⑰FORCE
ITIHAS Aristotle’s Fallacy

X
1. An external force is required to keep a body in motion.
X
2. Heavy Object falls early.

Aristotle’s Fallacy
ITIHAS Galileo - The Law of Inertia

-
The state of rest and the state of uniform
linear motion are equivalent.
①O
What is Inertia?
Restame
ITIHAS 4. Newton
ITIHAS 4. Newton
Newton’s Laws of Motion
ITIHAS 4. Newton
Newton’s First Law of Motion

ITIHAS 4. Newton
Newton's first law states that every object will remain at

rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless
compelled to change its state by the action of an
external force.
This tendency to resist changes in a state of motion is

inertia.
ITIHAS 4. Newton
Bhai jab Tak Force nhi lagega, tab tak

Object apana state change nhi karega
ITIHAS 4. Newton
Bhai jab Tak Force nhi lagega, tab tak Object apana state
change nhi karega
matlab
1. Rest me he to rest me rahega.

2. Aur Motion (Constant velocity) me he to motion (Constant
velocity) me rahega.
(Constant velocity) = Magnitude bhi same aur direction bhi

same.
- 1. Rest me he to rest me rahega.

2. Aur Motion (Constant velocity) me he to motion

(Constant velocity) me rahega.
0
Inertia kya hota he ??

ITIHAS 4. Newton
Inertia of Motion
ITIHAS 4. Newton

Inertia of Rest
Newton’s first law of motion is

sometime called the law of
A Statics
B Inertia
C Balanced forces
Newton’s first law of motion is

sometime called the law of
A Statics
B Inertia
C Balanced forces
Solution:
Newton’s first law of motion is also
known as law of inertia.
I
People sitting in a moving bus experience
a jerk when the bus stops. This is due to
A Inertia of motion
B Inertia of rest
Discuss among yourselves

People sitting in a moving bus experience

a jerk when the bus stops. This is due to
A Inertia of motion
B Inertia of rest
Discuss among yourselves

Can a body move without applying force?
y
But ye force kya he????

*Newton
Momentum
↳ p =
mr
↳ motion Containa in a
0
Body .
V
4
=
-V
=
D
p
=
0
I
p + 0
⑧P
mu
=
Momentum
● Momentum tells us motion contained in a body
-
● It is defined to be the product of its mass m and

velocity v, and is denoted by p.
● Momentum is a vector quantity.
p 0
=
↳
But ye force kya he????

ITIHAS 4. Newton
[
Statement: The rate of change of momentum of a body is
directly proportional to the applied force and takes place in the
direction in which the force acts.
O
ITIHAS 4. Newton
Mathematical Deduction of Second Law of Motion
F =
db
It
=
de k =
1
⑪
-m
[ema
ITIHAS 4. Newton
Force wo he jo momentum ko change karta he.
Agar force nhi hoga to Momentum Change nhi ho sakta

⑰
ITIHAS 4. Newton
-
lookmph
0 low
imple
u = & 4 0
=
0 Greater force is needed to push the

0
Mass of a body is thus an
truck than the car to bring them to important parameter that
the same speed in same time. determines the effect of force
on its motion.
mu
Which has the greater momentum
when moving?
A A container ship
-
B A bullet
C Either of these depending on speed

Which has the greater momentum

when moving?
A A container ship
B A bullet
C Either of these depending on speed

ITIHAS 4. Newton
2. Newton’s Second Law of Motion : Applications
1. Bullets
A bullet fired by a gun can easily pierce human
tissue before it stops, resulting in casualty. The
same bullet fired with moderate speed will not
cause much damage.
Thus for a given mass, the greater the speed, the

greater is the opposing force needed to stop the
body in a certain time.
ITIHAS 4. Newton
2. Newton’s Second Law of Motion : Applications
2. Catch
The greater the change in the momentum in a
given time, the greater is the force that needs
to be applied.
Conclusion: The greater the rate of

change of momentum, the greater is
the force.
A freight train rolls along a track with

-
considerable momentum. If it rolls at the same

--
speed
-
but has twice as much mass, its
momentum is
bamu
-
>
- A Twice
B Four times as much
C Unchanged
A freight train rolls along a track with

considerable momentum. If it rolls at the same
speed but has twice as much mass, its
momentum is
A Twice
B Four times as much
C Unchanged
ITIHAS 4. Newton
Important points about Second Law:
1. If ; it implies
(second law is consistent with the first law)
2. Second law is a vector law.

ITIHAS 4. Newton

ITIHAS 4. Newton
Illustrations:
E
ITIHAS 4. Newton
Statement: To every action, there is always an equal and

opposite reaction.
ITIHAS 4. Newton
Illustrations:
If the Earth attracts an apple towards

it, then the apple also exerts an equal
& opposite force on the Earth.
A Statement is true
B Statement is false
ITIHAS 4. Newton

ITIHAS 4. Newton
Illustrations:
ITIHAS 4. Newton
Important Points about Third Law

④ (i) Action - Reaction pair acts on two different bodies.
-
(ii) -
Magnitude of force is same.
↑ -
⑧ (iii) Direction of forces are in opposite direction.

-
(iv) For action

--
- reaction pair there is no need of
contact
-
(v) The action-reaction forces are of the same nature.

Can an Action-Reaction pair

cause motion in objects ?
- A Yes
B No
Q. A machine gun fires 20 bullets per second into a target.

Each bullet weights 150 gms and has a speed of 800
m/sec. Find the force necessary to hold the gun in
position
-
-
=umu
A 800 N
Ap x81
1,
2 00
--ox
=
Er
-
d5 B 1000 N
= 2400 C 1200 N
-D 2400 N
Q. A machine gun fires 20 bullets per second into a target.

Each bullet weights 150 gms and has a speed of 800
m/sec. Find the force necessary to hold the gun in
position.
A 800 N
B 1000 N
C 1200 N
D 2400 N
PART 2 APPLICATIONS
FORCE के इस्तेमाल
Session flow
PART 2 APPLICATION
APPLICATIONS
1. CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM
2. EQUILIBRIUM
3. IMPULSE
4. DYNAMICS
APPLICATION 1. Conservation of Momentum
The total momentum of an isolated system of interacting

particles is conserved.
↳ Fit =
dP =
0
It
ut
Recoil of Gun Di
=
0 by =
lo
i ⑭
Ma + Mp
is
= m
E
-
Ma

Total Initial Momentum = 0
Total Final Momentum = -F (△t) + F (△t) = 0
∴ Total Momentum of the system is concerned.

Q. A bullet mass 10 gm is fired from a gun of mass 1kg. If the

---
recoil velocity is 5 m/s, the velocity of the muzzle is
--
A 0.05 m/s
smls
0
=
a
U
B 5 m/s
C 50 m/s
D 500 m/s
Q. A bullet mass 10 gm is fired from a gun of mass 1kg. If the

recoil velocity is 5 m/s, the velocity of the muzzle is
A 0.05 m/s
B 5 m/s
C 50 m/s
D 500 m/s
APPLICATION 2. Impulse
smls ->10m/S
I
->
I
P 42ky
2ky
Sp =
P+ -
bi = I
= 10X2 -Sx2
I =
20
-
10
=
1013n
Impulse: The product of force and time, which is the change in

momentum of the body is known as impulse.
Impulse = Force x time duration

= Change in momentum
-jet
I
I =
Ext - I
tl
·Y Pimu
E
- Pf mut↑
=
!
Ap I
by (i)
= =
=
(mu-(mur)
=-2muY
· · 40 +
busine
unot ⑧
usina
muladi
Q. A constant retarding force of 50 N is applied to a body of mass

20 kg moving initially with a speed of 15 m s-1. How long does
the body take to stop ?
mxV
=
15x20
Pi
=
=300kym/s
300 Ext
Ap
=
=
$50 $xz
=
What is FBD?
Consider a system of a boy and a heavy load.
Ne NE
The boy stands on the floor balancing a heavy N ,
g
load on his head.
ing
APPLICATION 3. Equilibrium
Translational Equilibrium
A body in state of rest or moving with constant velocity is

said to be in translational equilibrium.
Condition for Translational Equilibrium
➔ If several external forces F1, F2 ……… Fi ……. and Fn act

simultaneously on a body and the body is in
translational equilibrium, the resultant of the these
forces must be zero.
∑F = 0
Condition for Translational Equilibrium
EE O
[Fy = 0
0
[Fz
=
➝
➝ Fi
F2
Problem Solving Strategy
➔ Identify the unknown forces.
➔ Draw FBD of bodies in the system.
➔ Resolve forces into their x, y and z components.
➔ Apply ∑F = 0 in the x, y and z directions.
➔ Solve equations to find the unknowns.

A box of mass m rests on a smooth

slope with help of a thread as shown
in the figure. The thread is parallel to
the incline plane. Find tension in the
thread.
a A T = mgsin𝛳
sinc
..
et
↑
_aglad
L
T = mgcos𝛳
↳ B
L
O
-mysic] mye
C T = mgtan𝛳
Impulse is a force?
APPLICATION 4. Dynamics
IF = m
EE
= man
EFY
[Fz
-may
I
192
Smls F
Efy =
ma
&
I ↑
-
F 200000
=
2000 ↓
F
=
200000100000 2000og
1000N
I
-
-
-
-
~ -
- -
aT al
D
=9060+100
188800
A
9 8x1000
=
9800
-
.
T- 9800 =
10ox1
PART 3 COMMON FORCES IN MECHANICS

Session flow
PART 3 COMMON FORCES IN MECHANICS
COMMON FORCES
1. TENSION FORCE
2. SPRING FORCE
3. CONTACT FORCES
1. Normal force
1. Friction Force
2. Rolling Friction
4. CENTRIPETAL FORCE
COMMON FORCES 1. Tension Force
Which type of force helps the monkey to climb the rope?
N
ge
0
T T
1 2 Fapplied
T F
DeT o
There is a 10 kg mass hanging from a

rope. What is the tension in the rope if
ass
⑰
the acceleration of the mass is zero?
(Take g = 9.8 m/s2 )
A 111 N
at
N
-
B 98 N
10x9 8
↓
-
10x9
=
T
=
, 0xy 258
COMMON FORCES 2. Spring Force
T =
kx
= - kn
non E
-> F
--
x
5
-
COMMON FORCES 2. Spring Force
s
-
->
F
--
*
IfTa spring of spring constant-50 N/m is

-
stretched by 2 -m. Calculate the
magnitude of spring force.
-
~ 100 N F kx
=
250x2
B 80 N
-loo
If a spring of spring constant 50 N/m is

stretched by 2 m. Calculate the
magnitude of spring force.
A 100 N
B 80 N
COMMON FORCES 3. Friction
I
Static -
- Kinetic-
Friction is a property related to two surfaces in contact,

which opposes the relative motion (or tendency to slip)
between them.
The force responsible is called frictional force.

⑧O
Static Limiting Sliding friction
friction friction or Kinetic
(fs) (fLim) friction (fk)
fk = 𝝁kN
fLim = 𝝁SN
1. Static Frictional Force

When there is no relative motion between the contact

surfaces, frictional force is called static frictional force.
● It is a self adjusting force.
● The direction of static friction on a body is such that

the total force acting on it keeps it at rest with
respect to the body in contact.
● When there is no Relative Motion, but there is some

tendency for it
● When there is no Relative Motion, but there is some

tendency for it
mysinch-A
&
2. Limiting Frictional Force
⑰N
2. Limiting Frictional Force

Q. A horizontal force of 10 N is necessary to just hold a block

stationary against a wall. The coefficient of friction between
the block and the wall is 0.2, the weight of the block is
A 2N
i
B 20 N
W
E
C 50 N
! D 100 N
3. Kinetic Frictional Force


● When there is Relative Motion, then this is the case of

kinetic friction.
● Kinetic friction is also called as Dynamic Friction.
On the horizontal surface of a truck (μ = 0.6),

-
a block of mass 1 kg is placed. If the truck is
-> 6 -
accelerating at the rate of 5m/s2, then
-
frictional force on the block will be
i
-
e
~
⑰sa
A 5N
f =
mxc B 5.88 N
=1x5
=
S
Applied force vs Frictional Force.

--
Applied force vs Frictional Force.

4. Rolling Friction
The force resisting the motion of a rolling body on a

surface is known as Rolling friction.
Which one of the following statements is incorrect?
A Rolling friction is smaller than sliding friction
B Limiting value of static friction is directly proportional to

normal reaction.
C Coefficient of sliding friction has dimensions of length.
D Frictional force opposes the relative motion.

Which one of the following statements is incorrect?
A Rolling friction is smaller than sliding friction
B Limiting value of static friction is directly proportional to

normal reaction.
C Coefficient of sliding friction has dimensions of length.
D Frictional force opposes the relative motion.

COMMON FORCES 4. Centripetal Force

Centripetal Centripetal
Force Acceleration
Centripetal Acceleration
The acceleration is acting towards the

centre (inwards).
r
--
*
⑧
&
"
-
i
-
Or Fr
Centripetal Centripetal
Acceleration Force
Fc =
Mac
= mxr2 -
R
- mir
A particle is moving in a circle of

radius R with constant speed v, if
radius is doubled then its centripetal
-
- force will be:
IF ma =
A Doubled
=
,
Halved
- B
C Quadrupled
A particle is moving in a circle of

radius R with constant speed v, if
radius is doubled then its centripetal
force will be:
A Doubled
B Halved
C Quadrupled
Application of Centripetal Force : Banking of Road
1. Motion of a car on a level road

-
~ Ext
- WV
0
⑧ FR
-
-
v=
Mg
emg =
fi mr -
=
mas
z
Forces acting on the car,
1. Weight of the car, W

2. Normal Reaction, N
3. Frictional Force, f
N = mg ________(1)
Static friction opposes the impending motion of

the car away from the car.
Maximum velocity that be attained by the car so that

it doesn't skid (Safe Limit).
-
Points to Note:
● It is independent of the mass of the car.
● It depends on the roughness of the surface.
● It depends on the radius of the circular track.

Vm=
Banking of Road
If the frictional force is

insufficient, the car will tend
to move more nearly in a
straight line, as the skid marks
show in the adjacent picture.
Banking of Road
By banking a curve at the optimum angle, the

normal force N can provide the necessary
centripetal force without the need for a friction
force.
Banking of Road NO
sitw)
AsizO
ae
&
a
10

wa a
0
"
Vin
NSinO -Sind
KI c
L ↓U
Ling
fano
↳
acry
⑰N~ ⑳xm
Sino-fano=v2
N200+flino =
Bat
ru
Umin
=
x
Banking of Road
2. Friction and Banking of Roads both
Therefore,
If we assume then
Banking of Road

(b) If speed of the vehicle is high then the
car has a tendency to skid up the
plane
Hence for successful turning on a rough

banked road, velocity of vehicle must
satisfy following relation
Banking of Road
Where 𝜽 = banking angle and

Banking of Road
Comparison of velocities

Newtons Laws of Motion

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ONE SHOT - CLASS 11 - PHYSICS - NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION

Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4

ITIHAS APPLICATION COMMON PROBLEM

Its all started from………

What governs the motion of bodies?

ITIHAS Concept of Force

A breeze causes the branches To move a Stone at rest,

ITIHAS Concept of Force

ITIHAS Aristotle’s Fallacy

ITIHAS Aristotle’s Fallacy

ITIHAS Aristotle’s Fallacy

ITIHAS Galileo - The Law of Inertia

Newton’s First Law of Motion

1. Newton’s First Law of Motion

Newton's first law states that every object will remain at

This tendency to resist changes in a state of motion is

1. Newton’s First Law of Motion

Bhai jab Tak Force nhi lagega, tab tak

1. Newton’s First Law of Motion

1. Rest me he to rest me rahega.

(Constant velocity) = Magnitude bhi same aur direction bhi

- 1. Rest me he to rest me rahega.

2. Aur Motion (Constant velocity) me he to motion

Inertia kya hota he ??

1. Newton’s First Law of Motion

1. Newton’s First Law of Motion

Newton’s first law of motion is

Newton’s first law of motion is

Discuss among yourselves

People sitting in a moving bus experience

Discuss among yourselves

Can a body move without applying force?

But ye force kya he????

● It is defined to be the product of its mass m and

● Momentum is a vector quantity.

But ye force kya he????

2. Newton’s Second Law of Motion

1. Newton’s Second Law of Motion

Mathematical Deduction of Second Law of Motion

2. Newton’s Second Law of Motion

Force wo he jo momentum ko change karta he.

Agar force nhi hoga to Momentum Change nhi ho sakta

0 Greater force is needed to push the

C Either of these depending on speed

Which has the greater momentum

C Either of these depending on speed

2. Newton’s Second Law of Motion : Applications

Thus for a given mass, the greater the speed, the

2. Newton’s Second Law of Motion : Applications

Conclusion: The greater the rate of

A freight train rolls along a track with

considerable momentum. If it rolls at the same

B Four times as much

A freight train rolls along a track with

B Four times as much

2. Newton’s Second Law of Motion

Important points about Second Law:

(second law is consistent with the first law)

2. Second law is a vector law.