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Grade 6 Maths Textbook - Unit 1
Grade 6 Maths Textbook - Unit 1
ewew SW[
SW[ c Gdx
c Gdx
1
E ¾ST` ¨<Ö?„‹
¨<Ö?„‹- E -
• e !" #$%&
• '# ( )% *# + ,- .
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- E E A !" A #/
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1.1
5 5+ (E) I< ,E L <NS' E A
,E L '6 I< EN 9 < > AT KH: U9 V9 ,D9
J9 WX. >Z I< '6 ..[? ,M '6 I< 43.:
2, 3 1.1
uUƒT\uƒ ¡õM ¨<eØ ¾}cvcu<ƒ” }T]−‹ wew'
uUƒT\ wew' ¾c?„‹” }T]−‹ ewew
¾¨”Ê‹ }T]−‹ ewew
' ¾¨”Ê‹ wL‹G< wƒÖ\
wƒÖ\ Ÿewew #“ ewew ¾ƒ—
¾ƒ—¨<
¾uKÖ ›vLƒ óDM;
,KH.[ ]'^ U I Ø_V` A3. XX ..[? E?abc . AN3(
8; dS. A3. ENO?
.45
e '6 )f: < > ] P '6 )f a*F 4.:g hiH9
EKUV9 Lf*9 -j+
2, 3 1.2
78 9: ;
1. ,EP I < L )| J h}
i~N9 W"9 69 T V9 WX , ..[
..[?
2. ,E)/0 I A3. AP?
AP?
% 1.1
A3.L 1929394 EN 5 8; ¾lØ` ET 4% ? <:K E-=
{192939495} 4%< “ 6 )2 5-U) 5I6 ”
,<:K u' v {…} x A3. ,<:KL I Ey
J ,dS: 4W .P = {192939495}
{192939495} ? A0 'T 4%< A3. ,jP , XX
192939495 A3. 43.P W4< A3. 6 )2 5-U) 5I6 NO
<':, X{9 x A3. E ES8;N E/:8; 4'::N:
}Óv` 1.1
UdK? 1
,1 EN ,9 f : ]'^
]'^ 2 V
= {2'
{2' 4' 6' 8} AP 2949698 A3. NO
UdK? 2
Ÿ²=I u
u‹ uc”Ö[ÿ ¨<eØ ¾}Ÿuu<ƒ” lØa‹ e”SKŸƒ Ÿ 1 #eŸ 100
ÁK<ƒ” }ÒTi SlÖ]Á lØa‹ ¾Á² ewew” ÃcÖ“M:: ÃI”” ewew
} wK” E4< A3. XX ..[?
..[?
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
% 1.2 = {2>
{2>4>6>…>96>
96>98>
98>100}
- , I ]'^ # 5I6 A3. NO <:K
U) A3: ,dN F A3: =IZ 4hy: e A3. AP G%
U)` A3.N F` A3. 7 4hyP , f .O )P
IJ =U A3. *1O ) KP (4-5P)::
4∈ 4 A3:
3∉ 9 3 A3: A4S <
- E 99 )P I-# 5I6< ? 47.: I = {193959…995997999}
? [ c 'T 4%< A3. , d: , XX
12 AfyBN 100 )2 3 V XX E.
A = {19 29 39 49 69 12}
, = {39 69 99…9 939 969 99}
6— ¡õM ¾}T] SîHõ 3
U°^õ 1
}Óv` 1.2
¾T>Ÿ
T>Ÿ}K<ƒ
}K<ƒ ›vvKA‹
vvKA‹ #¨<’ƒ ¨ÃU Gcƒ SJ“†¨
¨ÃU Gcƒ SJ“†¨<
“†¨<” K¿::
3∈ {1'
G) 3∈ ' 2'
' 3'
' 4} 3∈{3}
N) 3∈
3∉ {1'
K) 3∉ ' 2'
' {3}'
' 4} 3∈{33'
S) 3∈ ' 44'
' 55}
.45
<< A3: > 3 43.: <:KL< { } W4< φ
UdK? 3
}Óv` 1.3
ŸT>Ÿ
T>Ÿ}K<ƒ
}K<ƒ ewex‹
ewex‹ ¨<eØ
<eØ vÊ ewew ¾J’<ƒ” K¿::
1. eT†¨< Ÿ›^ƒ òÅKA‹ Á’c< ¾¨a‹ ewew::
ewew::
2. Ÿ7 Á’c< ¾3 w²?ƒ ¾J’< S<K< lØa‹::
lØa‹::
3. uòÅM › ¾T>ËU\
¾T>ËU\ ¾dU”ƒ k“ƒ::
k“ƒ::
4. 5 , EN 9 )2 ,5 ) =U ]fP jP 5I6
' "/-
"/- 9,A A,3 ]* V (':&
= { ,A A,3 <* }
u,- “” EN ,A A,3 I <* ::
4%< X{ “,S<” ? v 43.:
UdK? 4
SMSÍ 1.1
SMSÍ
1.2. ¾ewex
¾ewex‹
ewex‹ ´UÉ“
KUdK? G = {19 29 3} #“ K = {19 29 39 4} u=J’<' ¾ewew G ›vLƒ uS<K< ¾ewew K ›vLƒ “†¨<::
u#”Ų=I ¯Ã’ƒ Ñ>²? ewew G ¾ewew K ”®<e ewew ’¨< #”LK”::
c=íõU G ⊆ }wKA ’¨<:: u,< U Z ewew G ¾ewew K
”®<e ewew "MJ’ G ⊄ K }wKA ÃéóM:: c=’uwU ewew G ¾ewew K ”®<e ewcw ›ÃÅKU }wKA
’¨<::
1.3:- ›”É ewew ‘G’ ¾ewew ‘S’ ”®<e ewew ’¨< ¾T>vK¨< ¾ewew G
ƒ`ÕT@ 1.3:
›vLƒ uS<K< ¾ewew S ›vM u8; ’¨<::
4%< ,<:K uhH ⊆ Z U f:89 ⊄ Z
4' ~:
6— ¡õM ¾}T] SîHõ 5
U°^õ 1
UdK? 5
¨ , {19 2}'
' , {29 4} #”Ç=G<U S , {19 29 4} u=J”U ¨ ⊄ K' K ⊄ ¨'
}Óv` 1.4
1. T”— ’¨<?
T”—¨<U ewew ¾^c< ”®<e ewew ’¨<?
2. vÊ ewew ¾T”— ’¨<?
¾T”—¨<U ewew ”®<e ewew ’¨<?
.45
T”—¨<U ewew ^c< ”®<e ewew ’¨<::
1—. T”—
2—. vÊ ewew T”—
T”—¨<U ewew ”®<e ewew ’¨<::
3—. KUdK? S, {19 29 4} u=J” ¾ewew S ”®<e ewew ¾T>J’< ewex‹ ¾T>Ÿ}K<ƒ “†¨<::
' {1}'
{ }' '{2}'
'{4}'
'{19 2}'
'{19 4}'
'{29 4} #“ {19 29 4} “†¨<::
KUdK? G = {29 3} #”Ç=G<U K = {29 39 4} u=J’< G ⊆ SJ’<” #“ ¾ewew K ›vLƒ lØ`
Ÿewew G ›vLƒ lØ` ,AT A3: #”ÅT>uMØ #”Ñ’²vK” 4 ∈ K ’Ñ` Ó” 4 ∉ G:: u#”Ų=I
ÁK G<’@ ewew G ¾ewew K IÑ— ÃI< uUM¡ƒ u' G ⊂ K
IÑ— ”®<e ewew }wKA ÃÖ^M:: ÃI<
}wKA ::
:: c=’uwU G ¾K IÑ—
IÑ— ”®<e ewew }wKA ’¨<::
UdK? 6
.45
- T”—
T”—¨<U ewew ¾^c< %'c ”®<e ewew ›ÃJ”U::
- 3 c< %'c U
ƒ`FG 1.5:
ƒ`FG 1.5:- G<Kƒ ewex‹ G #“ S }S×ט ewex‹ “†¨<& ¾T>vK¨< G<K~U
ewex‹ #Ÿ<M ›vLƒ c=•^†¨< ’¨<::
4%< ,<:K u~H ↔ Z
UdK? 7
ƒ`FG 1.6:
ƒ`FG 1.6:- ¾ewew G ›vLƒ uS<K< ¾ewew K A3. #”Ç=G<U ¾ewew K ›vLƒ
uS<K< ¾G ›vLƒ u=J’< G<K~ ewex‹ #Ÿ<M ewex‹ ÃvLK<:: 4%<
uUM¡ƒ u~H G= }wKA ’¨<::
UdK? 8
SMSÍ 1.2
1. KT>Ÿ}K<ƒ ØÁo−‹ #¨<’ƒ ¨ÃU Ncƒ uTKƒ SMe eÖ<::
G. {6' ' 10} ⊆ {6'
'8' ' 8'
' 10}
K. {6' ' 10} ⊂ {6'
' 8' ' 8'
' 10}
N. ¾6 ›"óÄ‹ ewew K12 ›"óÄ‹ ewew ”®<e ewew ’¨<::
S. ¾2 w²?„‹ ewew K4 w²?„‹ ewew IÑ—
IÑ— ”®<e ewew ’¨<::
W. G = {6'
' 8'
' 9} #“ K = {3'
' 5'
' 7} u=J’< ↔ 8 4.P
[. Ÿ10 ¾T>Á”c< S<K< lØa‹ ewew #“ Ÿ 10 ¾T>Á”c< ¾2 w²?„‹ ewew #Ÿ<M J “†¨<::
2. ŸT>Ÿ}K<ƒ ¨<eØ #Ÿ<M ewex‹” K¿::
G = {0'
' 2'
' 4''6}
K = {1'
' 3'
' 5'' 7}
S = Ÿ9 ¾T>Á”c< }ÒTi lØa‹ ewew ewew
u = {1'
' 3'' 5'
' 7' ' 9} ¨ = {2'
' 3'
' 5'
' 7'
' 9'
' 11} Ö = {21'
' 23'
' 25'
' 27}
’ = {11'
' 9'
' 7'' 5'' 3}
ewew
Ÿ = Ÿ10 ¾T>Á”c< ›=}ÒTi lØa‹ ewew
Ú = {2'
' 4'
' 6}
}= u 20 #“ u 28 S"ŸM ¾T>Ñ– ewew
¾T>Ñ–< ›=}ÒTi lØa‹ ewew
}Óv` 1.5
UdK? 9
G = {1'
' 2'
' 3' ' 9} #“ K={7'
' 7' ' 9'
' 11' u=J’<9
' 13} u=J’<9 A3. , d:
A3. NO
G ∩ K = {7'
' 9} ÃJ“M:: <K)L< EG% [ A3Z EN I
4'cP
ƒ`FG 1.7:
ƒ`FG 1.7:- ¾ewe ‘G’ #“ ewew ‘K’ ¾Ò^ ¾J’< ›vLƒ EN
1 43.P ,<:K uhH< ∩ Z
UdK? 10
E,: = {W9
{W9 9E9F}
9E9F}9 = {W9F9-
{W9F9-}
W9F9-}
∩ = {W9F
{W9F}
W9F}
SMSÍ 1.3
1.3.2
1.3.2 ¾ewex‹ ¨<IŃ
}Óv` 1.6
= {19
{1929394} EN = {39
{39495} (8; EN [T
:
2, 3 1.3
= {294}9 = {496} (8;N
W = ∪ S (8 W U J ,jP :
UdK? 11
¨ = {1'
' 3'
' 5} #ӂ=G<U S= {2'
' 3' ' 6} u=J’< 9 ¾G<K~”U ewex‹ A3. )e
' 4'
’¨<:: eK²=I ¨ ∪ S = {1'
J` ¨<IŃ ¨ÃU ¾ewex‹ pMpM ’¨<:: ' 2'
' 3'
' 4'
' 5'
' 6} ÃJ“M::
SMSÍ 1.4
1.3.3 y?”
y?” UeKA‹
y?” UeM ewex‹ uUeM ¾T>ÑKì<uƒ ²È ’¨<::
% 1.3
1.3 Д y?”
UdK? 12
¾LV‹ ewew“
ewew“ ¾›Øu= #”edƒ” ewew #”¨<cÉ:: LV‹ G<K< ›Øu= #”edƒ “†¨<::
eK²=I LV‹ ¾›Øu= #”edƒ ”®<e ewex‹ “†¨< #”LK”:: ÃI””U uy?” UeM
#”ÅT>Ÿ}K¨< #“ekU×K”::
›Øu= ÁMJ’<
AJ E"#
LV‹ ÁMJ’<
L ›Øu= K”edƒ
% 1.4
1.4
.45
1c) UeK< b<TNO : E¢ -; ? <
2c) . AI( E U
}Óv` 1.7
G = {1'
' 3'
' 5'
' 6 } #“ K = {1'
' 2'
' 3'
' 4 } u=J” 2
5 1
G ∩ K ] > ,= ,: 4
6 3
]'£ ¤ UeM A?^
G K
% 1.5
1.5
ƒ`ÕT@@ 1.9:
1.9:- EN 3 | J (8;N ∪ = ∅ 89 [ L J EN
II: J 43.P
UdK? 13
1O ,0
% 1.6
1.6
UdK? 14
14
Q# RST
% 1.7
1.7
.45
kKS<
kKS< KJ` KHZ A4':< S1F, KJ` KH: V + 5I
A4WK:<
UdK? 15
2 6 10 1 3
0 4 8 5 7 9
% 1.8
1.8
2, 3 1.4
<: 1.9
1.9 , -=< u=Ý
u=Ý #“ kà ¾}kKS<ƒ” ¡õKA‹ ¾T>¨¡K< ¾ewew eK?„‹
Ÿ}cÖ<ƒ ›T^à‹ ¨<eØ K¿::
!
) ∩ ∩W
) ∩
!) ∪ ∪ W
) ∩ W
4
% 1.9
UdK? 16
#W-
#W-
24 A)XY 30 A)XY
24 AfyB 19 29 39 49 69 89 129
129 24 W4< ( )
(!)
4
= {19
{19 29 39 49 69 89 129
129 24} 1 5
10
8 2
12 3 15
30 AfyB 19 29 39 59 69109
109159
159 30 W4< 6
24 30
= {19
{19 29 39 59 69 109
109 159
159 30}
% 1.10
∩ = {19
{1929396}
SMSÍ 1.5
% 1.11
3. u
uy?”
y?” UeK<
UeK< SW[ƒ KT>Ÿ}K<ƒ ØÁo−‹ SMe eÖ<::
G. ¾ewew G ›vLƒ” u´`´` éñ::
éñ::
A!
K. ¾ewew K ›vLƒ” u´`´` éñ::
éñ:: 6 9
N. ¾ewew G ∪ K ›vLƒ” u´`²` éñ::
éñ::
4 8 '
% 1.12
4. ¾y?” UeM uSÖkU ¾T>Ÿ}K<ƒ” ewex‹ ÓKè::
S = ¾›e` ›"óÄ‹ ewew::
ewew::
¨ = ¾›e^ ›Ueƒ ›"óÄ‹ ewew::
ewew::
5. u›”É ›”Å—
›”Å— Å[Í ƒ/u?ƒ ¨<eØ }T] uKÖ'
uKÖ' ›MT´' TV #“ Gc” ¾N=dw ¡Kw œvLƒ “†¨<::
uK?L uŸ<M ÅÓV }T] SNSÉ' uKÖ' uKÖ' ›w`HU #“ TV ¾T>’>T>Ç=Á ¡Kw ›vLƒ “†¨<::
ÃI”” G<’@ uy?” UeM uSÖkU ÓKè::
6. y?” <P uSÖkU SMe eÖ<::
eÖ<::
G) ewew G e”ƒ ›vLƒ ›K<ƒ ?
G S
›K<ƒ?
K) ewew S e”ƒ ›vLƒ ›K<ƒ? 6
5
N) G ∩ S e”ƒ ›vLƒ ›K<ƒ?
›K<ƒ? 0 7 9
5
S) ŸG ∪ S ewew ¨<ß e”ƒ ›vLƒ ›K<?
›K<? 1 10
8 2 18
7. G , {29 49 69 89 109
109 12}9
12}9 4
, {19 39 49 69 9} (8; 12
G) ¾G ” #“ ¾S ” ´UÉ“ ¾T>¨¡M y?”
UeM Y\:: % 1.13
K) ¾G ∩ S ¡õM ›Øl\
ݯl\9 A3.L< :
:
●
O
W
% 1.14
E 1 TÖnKÁ
E 1 TÖnKÁ %_
%_
1. T>Ÿ}K<ƒ
T>Ÿ}K<ƒ ØÁo−‹ #¨<’ƒ ¨ÃU Ncƒ uTKƒ SMe eÖ<::
2∈{1'
G. 2∈ ' 2'
' 3'
'4}
0∈ {1'
K. 0∈ ' 5'
' 8'
'10 }
N. {3} ∈{3'
' 6'
' 9'
' 13}
S. {1'
' 3' ' 7} ⊆ {5'
' 5' ' 7'
' 9'
' 11}
W. KT”— G&∅ ⊆ G ’¨<
KT”—¨<U ewew G&
[. G = {0'
' 2'
' 24' 4∉ G
' 26} ŸJ’ 4∉
c. G = ¾ 16 w²?„‹ ewew'
ewew'
K= ¾ 8 w²?„‹ ewew u=J’< G ¾ K ”®<e ewew ÃJ“M::
ÃJ“M::
g. ¨=
¨ ¾ 20 ›"óÄ‹ ewew'
S = ¾ 40 ›"óÄ‹ ewew u=J’< W IÑ—
IÑ— ”®<e ewew ÃJ“M::
ÃJ“M::
2. KT>Ÿ}Kƒ SMe eÖ<::
G. G = {2'
' 4'
' 6} u=J” ¾ewew G ”®<e
”®<e ewew ¾J’<ƒ” ewex‹ uS<K< u´`´`
ÓKè::
ÓKè ::
K. ¨={3'
¨ ' 7} u=J” ewew ¨ IÑ—
' 5' IÑ— ”®<e ewew ¾J’< ewex‹” uS<K< u´`´`
ÓKè::
ÓKè::
UeM 1.15
4. G = ¾ 7 w²?„‹ ewew'
K = ¾30 ›"óÄ‹ ewew u=J’<
G. ¾ewew G ”®<e ewew ¾J’< u=Á”e G<Kƒ ewex‹” ÓKè::
K. ¾ewew K ”®<e ewew ¾J’< u=Á”e G<Kƒ ewex‹” ÓKè::
5. ¨=
¨ ¾›=}ÒTi S<K< lØa‹ ewew'
ewew'
S = ¾}ÒTi S<K< lØa‹ ewew u=J’<
G. [ L J 1 :
K. [ L J :: :
!. [ L J II: J 47.:?
47.:?
UeM 1.16
UeM 1.17
8. = {19
{19 39 59 79 9}
= {19
{19 29 49 79 8}
W = {29
{29 49 69 8} (8;9 ] P AF?::
AF?::
) ∪ ( ∪ W) ( ∪ ) ∪ W
) ∩ ( ∪ W) ( ∩ ) ∩ W
!) ∩( ∪W) ( ∩ ) ∪ ( ∩W)
9. { ,M
= { ,M “, -”
-” I ]'^ dSZ}
dSZ} (89 [P< U
J :
10. <: 1.18 , -=< IJ` ` J A3: ES8; |
) ∪
) ∩
!) ∩
E) ∩ ( ∩ ) .x .v
w.
.y
F) ∪ ∪
.r .u .s
) ∪ ∪ A3: ):8; IJ .t
.z
UeM 1.18
1.18