Pathfit 4 – 2nd semester midterm reviewer
BASKETBALL count as a foul; the second shall disqualify him
What is Basketball?
 a game played between two teams of five players
in which goals are scored by throwing a ball
through a netted hoop fixed above each end of
the court.
Basketball History
Dr. James Naismith
- known world-wide as the inventor of
basketball
- born in 1861 in Ramsay township, near
Almonte, Ontario, Canada
 The concept of basketball was born from
Naismith's school days in the area where he
played a simple child's game known as duck-on-
a-rock outside his one-room schoolhouse. The
game involved attempting to knock a "duck" off
the top of a large rock by tossing another rock at
it. Naismith went on to attend McGill University
in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
 After serving as McGill's Athletic Director,
James Naismith moved on to the YMCA
Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts,
USA in 1891, where the sport of basketball was
born. In Springfield, Naismith was faced with
the problem of finding a sport that was
suitable for play inside during the
Massachusetts winter for the students at the
School for Christian Workers. Naismith
wanted to create a game of skill for the students
instead of one that relied solely on strength. He
needed a game that could be played indoors in a
relatively small space. The first game was
played with a soccer ball and two peach
baskets used as goals.
James Naismith devised a set of thirteen rules of
basketball:
1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one
or both hands.
2. The ball may be batted in any direction with one
or both hands, but never with the fist.
3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player
must throw it from the spot on which he catches
it, allowance to be made for a man running at
good speed.
4. The ball must be held in or between the hands.
The arms or body must not be used for holding
it.
5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, striking or
tripping in any way of an opponent. The first
infringement of this rule by any person shall
until the next goal is made or, if there was
evident intent to injure the person, for the whole
of the game. No substitution shall be allowed.
6. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist,
violations of Rules 3 and 4 and such as described
in Rule 5.
7. If either side make three consecutive fouls it
shall count as a goal for the opponents
(consecutive means without the opponents in the
meantime making afoul).
8. Goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or
batted from the ground into the basket and stays
there, providing those defending the goal do not
touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the
edge and the opponents move the basket, it shall
count as a goal.
9. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be
thrown into the field and played by the first
person touching it. In case of dispute the umpire
shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-
in is allowed five seconds. If he holds it longer, it
shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in
delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on
them.
10. The umpire shall be judge of the men and shall
note the fouls and notify the referee when three
consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have
the power to disqualify men according to Rule 5.
11. The referee shall be the judge of the ball and
decide when it is in play in bounds, to which side
it belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall
decide when a goal has been made and keep
account of the goals with any other duties that
are usually performed by a referee.
12. The time shall be two 15-minute halves with five
minutes' rest between.
13. The side making the most goals in that time shall
be declared the winners
In addition to the creation of the basketball, James
Naismith graduated as a medical doctor, primarily
interested in sports physiology and what we would
today call sports science and as Presbyterian minister,
with a keen interest in philosophy and clean living.
Naismith watched his sport, basketball, introduced in
many nations by the YMCA movement as early as
1893. Basketball was introduced at the Berlin
Olympics in 1936. Today basketball has grown to
become one of the world's most popular sports.
Brief History in the Philippines
For the Philippines, it's basketball – a sport that
transcends age, gender, social class and
generations.
 Pathfit 4 – 2nd semester midterm reviewer

 Basketball is also the number one sport in

In fact, basketball is more than a sport in the viewership and participation, with 99% of
Philippines; it is also a commercial phenomenon. people aware of the NBA.
Billboards, print advertisements and television ads  Filipinos have more access to professional
all over the country feature the sport or an athlete basketball games than Americans themselves,
endorsing a product, from beverages to sports with games shown on cable daily, broadcasted
apparel. Politicians use it in their campaigns, across four to five channels simultaneously.
whether it's sponsoring a basketball tournament in  Seventy-five percent of urban Filipinos claim
barangay (smaller districts) or donating and fixing a themselves as fans of the professional
new hoop for the community. basketball league in the U.S., higher than other
international leagues and domestic basketball
Basketball in the beginning according to the 2008 Sponsorship Intelligence
 1910 - The American colonial government first Report.
introduced basketball in the Philippines in
making it part of the physical education NATIONAL BASKETBALL ASSOCIATION
curriculum in schools. (NBA) WAS BORN
 It was originally intended as an activity for girls, 1949
as baseball and track and field were deemed too - after a damaging three year battle to win
rough and intense. both players and fans
 The nation is one of the world’s first nations to - the rival Basketball Association of America
play basketball, and the sport debuted in the (BAA) and National Basketball League
country only 19 years after it was invented in (NBL) merge to form the National
1891. Basketball Association (NBA).
 It's also home to the second oldest basketball
associations in the world, as well as Asia’s first The original 11 teams were:
professional basketball league. EAST DIVISION: Boston Celtics, Providence
Steamrollers, New York Knickerbockers,
 Girls - were the first to play the game in 1905 - a Philadelphia Warriors, Pittsburgh Ironmen,
feat that should establish the Philippines as Washington Capitols
pioneer in women's basketball with the WEST DIVISION: Cleveland Rebels, Detroit
Americans as the sport teachers and it was not Falcons, Toronto Huskies, Chicago Stags and St.
until five (5) years later when boys competed in Louis Bombers
their fist basketball tournament.
 Records show that girl's basketball was included Today, there are 30 NBA teams competing. 15 teams
as a minor sport officials of the Young Men's in the East and 15 in the West.
Christian Association (YMCA) and then Bureau
of Education when the Bicol Athletic
Association was organized in 1905.

The Philippines National Basketball team has

consistently qualified and competed internationally
since 1936, and for many years was considered one
of the best basketball teams in the world up to the
1960s.
COURT EQUIPMENT
Basketball culture in the Philippines
 In the Philippines, nearly 40 million people (or
40 percent of the population) play or have
played basketball.
 According to the 2008 Sponsorship Intelligence
Report, 81% of the urban population claim to
be basketball fans, with nearly 50% being
avid fans.
 Pathfit 4 – 2nd semester midterm reviewer

Scoreboard
 Scoreboard displays the time left in the period
and running scores of the both team. A
scoreboard can be either digital or manual.

Ball
 Ball is the most visible equipment in the game of
basketball. There are different types of basketball
used in different leagues. Usually it is made of
leather, rubber, or any synthetic material but it
has to be inflated properly.

Officials Equipment
Uniform of Officials
 Officials wear a uniform prescribed by their
respective governing body. Usually, officials are
dressed in white and black stripped shirts, black
pants and black shoes. NBA officials wear gray
Basket/Hoop shirts, black pants and black shoes.
 Basket consists of a round shaped metal rim with
the covering of net around it. Baskets are
mounted at a certain height (10 feet above the
floor)
 Pathfit 4 – 2nd semester midterm reviewer
Whistle
 Basketball referee carries a whistle which he
blows every time he needs to stop a play
Score book
 Score book is used by the scorekeeper who
writes down scores and stats on it. Score book is
something where you find summary of the
whole game, names of the players, their positions
and jersey numbers, details of each quarter and
half etc.
Shot Clock and Game Clock
 Shot clock and game clock are operated by
timekeepers. Game clock records the overall
time of the game while shot clock counts down
the 24 second shot clock.
PLAYERS EQUIPMENT
Players Uniform
 Uniform consists of jersey (preferably
sleeveless), short and shoes. All the teams wear
their own specific uniform. In NBA, all players
wear a uniform prepared by league’s sponsored
sportswear company. They are not allowed to
wear shorts which are too long. In NBA, players
can be fined if their uniform does not comply
with the rules of the league
Protective Gears and Accessories
 Protective gears and accessories include goggles,
face masks, mouth guards, knee pads or brace,
headbands, arm sleeves, wristbands etc. Not all
players wear necessarily all these things. They
use them only when they required them.
Referee’s Hand Signals/Terms:
 Fouls are caused by physical contact (holding,
pushing), or actions (acting out like you are
going to hit another player but you don’t) or even
extreme abusive yelling or cussing (technical
foul).
 Violations are actions by players that break a
basketball rule – such as traveling, stepping on
the line, and back court
Types of Fouls:
• Holding Foul – A “Holding Foul” occurs when a
defender holds, grabs, or pulls an offensive
player (it doesn’t matter if the offensive player
has possession of the ball or not).
• Pushing Foul – A “Pushing Foul” occurs when a
defender pushes an offensive player or bumps
into the body of an offensive player.
• Illegal Use of Hands Foul – This is a foul called
when a defender slaps, hacks, or smacks an
offensive player with the ball.
• Blocking Foul – A “Blocking Foul” occurs when
a defender uses their body and makes contact
with an offensive player with the ball (could be
in the form of running into the player, or setting
an illegal screen, etc).
• Charging Foul (Charge) / Player Control Foul
– A “Charging Foul” occurs when an offensive
player runs into (or over) a defensive player who
already has position (the defender must first
establish position). Other types of player control
fouls are when a dribbler uses an elbow and hits
a defender, or excessive physical contact by an
offensive post player trying to gain position.
Personal Fouls/Penalties
 Shooting Foul (2 Point Shot) – If a player gets
“fouled” while in the act of shooting , the player
gets to shoot free throw(s). If the shot is made –
the player gets to shoot 1 free throw, you will
hear this called “And 1.” If the shot is not made
and a foul is called – the player gets to shoot 2
free throws.
 Shooting Foul (3 Point Shot) – If a player gets
“fouled” while in the act of shooting a 3-point
shot , the player gets to shoot free throw(s). If the
shot is made – the player gets to shoot 1 free
throw (which could turn out to be a 4- point
play). If the shot is not made and a foul is called
– the player shoots 3 free throws.
 Pathfit 4 – 2nd semester midterm reviewer
Non-Shooting Fouls / Team Fouls:
• Non-Shooting Fouls: If an offensive player is
fouled while not in the act of shooting the ball,
the ball stays in possession with the team that the
foul was committed on (they will get to inbound
the ball out of bounds at the nearest sideline or
baseline). When inbounding the ball the team
with possession will have 5 seconds to pass the
ball in to another teammate on the court. All
fouls – including shooting fouls and non-
shooting fouls add up and are counted as team
fouls. Offensive fouls (player control fouls) do
not count as a team foul.
• Team fouls are the combined number of fouls
that all the players on a team commit during one
half of play. The fouls are totaled up and logged
in by the scorekeeper in the official score book.
When a team reaches 7 fouls, their opponent will
get to shoot free throws – this is called a “one
and one.” The player shooting the free throws
gets to shoot 1 free throw, if they make it, they
get to shoot another (one and one), if they miss
the first free throw, they don’t get to shoot the
second free throw. When a team reaches 7+
team fouls, their opponent is said to be in the
“bonus” (and will start shooting free throws
after getting fouled)
• When a team reaches 10 (or more) fouls, their
opponent will automatically get to shoot 2 free
throws. At half time the team fouls from the first
half of the game are “zeroed” out, and team
fouls are totaled all over again during the second
half of the game.
• Important Note: Offensive fouls do not count
towards team fouls (so when an offensive player
happens to commit an offensive foul, the defense
will not get to shoot free throws).
TYPES OF VIOLATIONS:
 Traveling (also called Walking or Walk) – If a
ball handler takes too many steps while
dribbling the referee can call a violation
(considered a turnover by the player and the
possession of the ball goes to the other team).
Also if a player has stopped dribbling and
moves their pivot foot – this is also considered a
traveling (or walking) violation.
 Double Dribble (Illegal Dribble) – A dribbling
violation occurs when a player stops dribbling
and then attempts to dribble again or if a player
attempts to dribble the ball with 2 hands.
 Backcourt (Backcourt violation) – Once the
Offensive team has passed the half court line,
they cannot: a) dribble and/or b) pass back over
the half court line. If this occurs, a “Backcourt”
violation will be called by the referee and
possession of the ball will go to the other team.
 Inbound Pass Violation (5-Second Violation) –
There are time restrictions that a player has
when the ref hands them the ball to pass the ball
into play. The player passing in the ball has five
seconds to pass the ball in to another player. If
the player fails to pass the ball in within 5
seconds, the ref will blow the whistle (5- second
violation), and the ball is awarded to the other
team.
 8 Second Violation – When your opponent
makes a basket, your team has 8 seconds to get
the ball in play and past the half court line – if
your team fails to do this within 8 seconds, the
ball is awarded to the other team.
 Three/ Five Second Violation – An offensive
player cannot remain in the “paint” area for
more than 3 or 5 seconds (depending on the
division), if the Ref happens to spot an offensive
player in the paint area for more than 3 seconds,
the whistle will blow, and the other team will get
possession of the ball
 Backcourt (Backcourt violation) – Once the
Offensive team has passed the half court line,
they cannot: a) dribble and/or b) pass back over
the half court line. If this occurs, a “Backcourt”
violation will be called by the referee and
possession of the ball will go to the other team.
 Inbound Pass Violation (5-Second Violation) –
There are time restrictions that a player has
when the ref hands them the ball to pass the ball
into play. The player passing in the ball has five
seconds to pass the ball in to another player. If
the player fails to pass the ball in within 5
seconds, the ref will blow the whistle (5- second
violation), and the ball is awarded to the other
team.
 8 Second Violation – When your opponent
makes a basket, your team has 8 seconds to get
the ball in play and past the half court line – if
your team fails to do this within 8 seconds, the
ball is awarded to the other team.
 Three/ Five Second Violation – An offensive
player cannot remain in the “paint” area for
more than 3 or 5 seconds (depending on the
division), if the Ref happens to spot an offensive
player in the paint area for more than 3 seconds,
the whistle will blow, and the other team will get
possession of the ball
 Closely Guarded Violation (does not apply to
1st/2nd grades) – An offensive player cannot
have possession of the ball for more than five
seconds while being closely guarded by a
 Pathfit 4 – 2nd semester midterm reviewer
defender. For example if an offensive player is
dribbling the ball and is guarded closely by a
defender for 5 seconds, the ref will blow the
whistle, and the ball will be awarded to the other
team.
 Jump Ball (also called Tie Up or Held Ball) –
When an offensive player and a defensive player
gain possession of the ball at the same time – the
referee will blow the whistle. The referee will
then look at the possession arrow (at the scorers
table) and award possession to the team that the
direction is pointing (possession is on a rotating
basis).
 Out of Bounds Designation – When the ball
goes out of bounds (for any reason), or a player
with possession of the ball steps out of bounds –
the referee will designate the spot where the ball
went out of bounds.
A Few Misunderstood Rules:
Players can “recover” a fumbled ball, traveling does
not occur during the time it takes the player to
recover. A player must have control of the ball in
order to travel, and a “fumbled“ ball is not considered
having control of the ball. Players cannot travel
while dribbling the basketball, traveling is considered
taking one or more steps without dribbling.
If a player attempts to set a screen and is moving, it is
not considered a foul unless contact is made. The
ball is not “out of bounds” if it rolls along the top
edge of the backboard without touching the supports.
Some Myths Regarding Common Basketball
Rules:
1. “Reaching In” Foul – There is no foul called
“reaching in” found in the rulebook. The act of
simply “reaching in” is allowed unless contact is
made. The referee can call a pushing or holding foul,
but there is no
“reaching in” violation.
2. A player dribbles the ball above their head –
Dribbling the Ball above a players head line is not a
violation as long as dribblers hand stays on top of the
ball.
3. “Over the Back” – Players are allowed to reach
over the back of another player as long as no contact
is made. A taller player simply reaching over the
back of another player for the rebound (without
making contact) has not committed a foul. Again, the
referee can call pushing, holding, or illegal contact
fouls, but
there is no violation called “Over the Back” in the
rule book.
1. Is known world-wide as the inventor of
basketball. – JAMES NAISMITH
2. The year when Basketball was created –
1891
3. Basketball was introduced at the Berlin
Olympics in – 1936
4. A type of ball used when basketball first
created – Soccer ball
5. In the 13 old rule of basketball, if either side
make three consecutive fouls it shall be
declared the winners – TRUE
6. In the Philippines, Girls were the firsy to
play the game in year – 1905
7. Basketball, introduced in many nations by
the YMCA movement as early as – 1891
8. The American colonial government first
introduced basketball in the Philippines in –
1910
9. The playing surface is made of either wood
or maple and it has to be flat and oval in
shape – TRUE
10. In women basketball, the ball use is size 7 –
FALSE
11. Baskets are mounted at a certain height 12
feet above the floor. – FALSE
12. NBA Basketball court measures – 94x50’
13. Identify what part of the court is number 1?
- SIDELINE
14. Identify what part of the court is number 3?
- CENTERLINE
15. Identify what part of the court is number 4?
- FREE THROW LINE
OFFICIALS AND THEIR DUTIES OFFICIALS,
TABLE OFFICIALS AND COMMISSIONER
 The officials shall be a referee and one (1) or two
(2) umpire(s). They shall be assisted by the table
officials and by a commissioner, if present.
 The table officials shall be a scorer, an assistant
scorer, a timer and a twenty-four (24) second
clock operator.
 The commissioner shall sit between the scorer
and the timer. His primary duty during the game
is to
supervise the work of the table officials and to
 Pathfit 4 – 2nd semester midterm reviewer
assist the referee and umpire(s) in the smooth
functioning of the game.
 The officials of a given game should not be
connected in any way with their team on the
playing court.
 The officials, the table officials and the
commissioner shall conduct the game accordance
with these rules and have no authority to change
them.
 The officials‟ uniform shall consist of an
official’s‟ shirt, long black trousers, black socks
and black basketball shoes.
 The officials and table officials shall be
uniformly dressed.
REFEREE’S: DUTIES AND POWERS THE
REFEREE SHALL:
 Inspect and approve all equipment to be used
during the game.
 Designate the official game clock, twenty-four
(24) second clock, and stopwatch and recognize
the table officials.
 Select a game ball from at least two (2) used
balls provided by the home team. Should neither
of these balls be suitable as the game ball, he
may select the best quality ball available.
 Not permit any player to wear objects that may
cause injury to others players.
 Administer a jump ball to start the first period
and an alternating possession throw-in to start all
other periods.
 Have the power to stop a game when conditions
warrant it.
 Have the power to determine that a team shall
forfeit the game.
 Carefully examine the scoresheet at the end of
playing time or any time he fee3ls is necessary.
 Approve and sign the scoresheet at the end of
playing time, terminating the officials‟
administration and connection with the game.
The officials‟ power shall begin when they arrive
on the playing court twenty (20) minutes before
the game is scheduled to begin, and when the
game clock signal sounds for the end of the
playing time as approved by the officials
 Record on the reverse side of the scoresheet,
before signing it: (1) Any forfeit or disqualifying
foul, (2) Any unsportsmanlike behavior by
players, coaches, assistant coaches or team
followers that occurs prior to the twenty (20)
minutes before the game is scheduled to begin,
or between the end of playing time and the
approval and signing of the scoresheet.
 In such a case, the referee (commissioner, if
present) must send a detailed report to the
organizing body of the competition.
 Make the final decision whenever necessary or
when the officials disagree. To make final
decision he may consult the umpire(s), the
commissioner, if present, and/or the table
officials.
 Be authorized to approve and use the technical
equipment, if available, to decide, before he
signs the scoresheet, if a last shot for a field goal
at the end of each period or each extra period
was released during playing time and/or whether
that shot for a field goal counts for
two (2) or three (3) points.
 Have the power to make decisions on any point
not specifically covered by these rules.
OFFICIALS: DUTIES AND POWERS
 The officials shall have the power to make
decisions or infractions of the rules committed
either within or outside the boundary line
including the scorer's table, the team benches and
the areas immediately behind the lines.
 The officials shall blow their whistles when an
infraction of the rules occurs, a period ends or
the officials find it necessary to stop the game.
The officials shall not blow their whistles after a
successful field goal, a successful free throw or
when the ball becomes live.
 When deciding on a personal contact or
violation, the officials shall, in each instance,
have regard to and weigh the following
fundamental principles:
 The spirit and intent of the rules and the need to
uphold the integrity of the game.
 Consistency in application of the concept of
“advantage/disadvantage‟. The officials should
not seek to interrupt the flow of the game if
necessarily in order to penalize incidental
personal contact which does not give the player
responsible an advantage nor place his opponent
at a
disadvantage.
 Consistency in the application of common sense
to each game, bearing in mind the
abilities of the players concerned and their
attitude and conduct during the game.
 Consistency in the maintenance of a balance
between game control and game flow, having a
„feeling‟ for what the participants are trying to
do and calling what is right for the game.
 Should a protest be filed by one of the teams, the
referee (commissioner, if present) shall, within
one (1) hour following the end of playing time,
 Pathfit 4 – 2nd semester midterm reviewer
report the protest to the organizing body of the
competition.
 If an official is injured or for any other reason
cannot continue to perform his duties within five
(5) minutes of the incident, the game shall be
resumed. The remaining official(s) will officiate
alone until the end of the game, unless there is
possibility of replacing the injured official with a
qualified substitute official. After consulting with
the commissioner, if present, the other official
will decide
upon the possible replacement.
 For all international games, if verbal
communication is necessary to make a decision
clear, it shall be conducted in English language.
 Each official has the power to make
decisions within the limits of his duties, but has
no authority to disregard or question decisions
made by the order official(s).
 Decisions made by the officials are final and
cannot be contested or
disregarded.
OFFICIAL SCOREKEEPER AND ASSISTANT
SCORER
 The scorer shall be provided with a scoresheet
and shall keep a record of: – Teams, by entering
the names and numbers of the players who are to
start the game and all of substitutes who enter the
game. When there is an infraction of the rules
regarding the five (5) players to start the game,
substitutions or numbers of players, he shall
notify the nearest official as soon as possible. –
Running summary of points scored, by entering
the field goals
and the free throws made. – Fouls charged
against each player. The scorer must notify an
official immediately when five (5) fouls are
charged against any player.
 He shall record the fouls charged against each
coach and must notify an official immediately
when a coach should be disqualified. Similarly,
he must notify an official immediately when a
player has committed two (2) unsportsmanlike
fouls and should be disqualified. – Time-outs. He
must notify the officials of the time-outs
opportunity when a team has requested a time-
out and notify the coach through an official when
the coach has no more time- out (s) left in a half
or extra period. – The next alternating
possession, by operating the alternating
possession arrow. The scorer shall reverse the
direction of the alternating possession arrow
immediately after the end of the first half as the
teams shall exchange baskets for the second
half.
 The scorer shall also:
Indicate the number of fouls committed by each
player by raising, in a
manner visible to both coaches, the marker with
the number of fouls committed by that player.
 Position the team foul maker on the scorer's
table, at the end nearest to the bench of the team
in a team foul penalty situation, when the ball
becomes live following the fourth teams foul in a
period. • Effect substitutions.
 Sound his signal only when the ball becomes
dead and before the ball becomes live again. The
sound of his signal does not stop the game clock
or the game nor cause the ball to become dead.
 The assistant scorer shall operate the scoreboard
and assist the scorer. In the case of any
discrepancy between the scoreboard and the
scoresheet which cannot be resolved, the
scoresheet
shall take precedence and the scoreboard shall be
corrected accordingly.
 If a scorekeeping error is recognized: During the
game, the scorer must wait for the first dead ball
before sounding his signal.
 After the end of the playing time and before the
scoresheet has been signed by the referee, the
error shall be corrected, even if this correction
influences the final
result of the game.
 After the scoresheet has been signed by the
referee, the error may no longer
be corrected. The referee or the commissioner, if
present, must send a detailed report to the
organizing body of the competition.
TIMEKEEPER
 The timer shall be provided with a game clock
and a stopwatch and shall: (1) Measure playing
time, time-outs
and intervals of play. (2) Ensure that the game
clock signal sounds very loudly and
automatically at the end of
playing time in a period. (3) Use any means
possible to notify the officials immediately if his
signal fails to sound
or is not heard. (4) Notify the teams and the
officials at least three (3) minutes before the third
period is to start.
 The timer shall measure playing time as follows:
Starting the game clock when: (1) During a jump
ball, the ball is
legally tapped by a jumper. (2) After an
unsuccessful last or only free throw and the ball
 Pathfit 4 – 2nd semester midterm reviewer
continues to be live, the
ball touches or is touched by a player on the
playing court. (3) During a throw-in, the ball
touches or is legally
touched by a player on the playing court.
 Stopping the game clock when:
Time expires at the end of playing time for a
period, if not stopped automatically by the game
clock itself. An official blows his whistle while
the ball is live. A field goal is scored against a
team which has requested a time-out. A field goal
is scored in the last two (2) minutes of the fourth
period and in the last two (2) minutes of each
extra period. The twenty-four (24) second clock
signal sounds while a team is in control of the
ball. The timer shall measure a time-out as
follows:
Starting the stopwatch immediately when the
official blows his whistle and gives the time-out
signal. • Sounding his signal when fifty (50)
seconds of the time-out have elapsed. Sounding
his signal when the time-out has ended.
 The timer shall measure an interval of play as
follows:
 Starting the stopwatch immediately
when a previous period has ended.
 Sounding his signal before the first and third
period when three (3) minutes, one(1)
minute and thirty (30) seconds remain until
the beginning of the period.
 Sounding his signal before the second,
fourth and each extra period when thirty (30)
seconds remain until the beginning of the
period.
 Sounding his signal and simultaneously
stopping the stopwatch immediately when
an interval of play has ended.
 Twenty-four(24) second operator: Duties.
The twenty-four (24) second clock operator
shall be provided with a twenty-four (24)
second clock which shall be. Started or
restarted when:
 A team gains control of a live ball on the
playing court. • On a throw-in, the ball
touches or is legally touched by any player
on the playing court.
TEAMS STAFF RESPONSIBILITIES
COACH
 At least 20 minutes before the game is scheduled
to begin, each coach or his representative shall
give the scorer a written list of the names and
numbers of the team members who are to
play in the game, as well as the names of the
captain of the team, the coach and the
assistant coach.
 At least 10 minutes before the game, both
coaches shall confirm their agreement with the
names and numbers of their team members and
the names of the coaches inscribed by signing the
score sheet. At the same time, they shall indicate
the five players who are to start
the game. The “A” will be the first to provide
this information.
 Only the coach or the assistant coach may makes
the request for changed time-out.
 When a coach or assistant coach requires a
substitution to be effected, the substitute must
report to the scorer to make the request and must
be ready to play immediately.
 If there is an ASSISTANT COACH his name
must be inscribed on the score sheet
before the beginning of the game (his signature is
not necessary). He shall assume the
responsibilities of the coach if for any reason, the
coach is unable to continue.
 The team captain, shall act as coach if there is no
coach or if the coach is unable to continue and
there is no assistant coach inscribed on the score
sheet (or the later is unable to continue). If the
captain must leave the playing court for any valid
reason, he may continue to act as coach.
However, if he must leave following a
disqualifying foul, or if he is unable to act as
coach because of injury, his substitute as captain
shall replace him as coach.
 Only the coach, whose name is inscribed on the
score sheet, is permitted to remain
standing during the game. This also applies to
any individual who replaces the coach for any
reason.
CAPTAIN
 When necessary, captain shall represent his team
on the court.
 He may address an official to obtain essential
information. But this should be done in a
courteous manner and only when the ball is dead
and the clock is stopped.
 When the captain leaves the playing court or any
valid reasons, the coach shall
inform an official of the number of player who
will replace him as captain on the
court during his absence.
 The captain may act as coach.
 The captain shall designate the jumper of his
team in a jump ball situation and the
free-throw shooter determined by the rules.
 Pathfit 4 – 2nd semester midterm reviewer

GUARDS AND FORWARDS: should possess the The primary objective is to create a move that
following: allows a player to pass to a
teammate for a score. Situations calling for
dribbling are:
 FORWARDS: 1. the live ball move.
1. ability to shoot consistently from different 2. a basket penetration going by an opponent using
positions. the dribble to drive for the
2. ability to rebound. basket, and
3. ability to vary style and speed. 3. ball movement to get a teammate open.
4. ability to plan and execute plays.
5. ability to remain calm under pressure. There are two types of dribbling:
 GUARDS:  low dribble
1. ability to feel out strength and weaknesses  high dribble
of opponents and to analyze pattern of
movements. Dribble Moves Basketball Skills and Drills Krause
2. ability to stay with the players and to (1991 ) classified the different moves that the player
anticipate possible plays. can do in playing basketball. He further discussed
3. ability to steal or tie the ball without that the right type of dribble should be used at the
fouling. right time. A low or control dribble should be used
4. ability to rebound and pass accurately. around defenders when the dribbler is
5. ability to shift pattern of defensive play. closely guarded and a high or speed dribble should be
used in the open court when
advancing the ball. The following are the different
dribble moves. Dribbling is one of the first skills you
learn when picking up the sport of basketball, and it’s
one of the most basic skills to play the game.

Basic Dribbling Moves

1. Use your fingers instead of your palm

BASIC SKILLS IN BASKETBALL
DRIBBLING
 The player with the ball can move freely while
dribbling on the floor. The hand does not strike
the ball, but taps it with flicks of the wrist. The
dribble is a push with a partially cupped hand.
The hand should "feel" the ball coming back up
just before pushing for the next dribble.
It is the continuous bouncing of the ball.
 The dribble starts when the player in control of
the ball takes the first bounce and concludes
when the ball comes to rest in one or both hands.
Dribbling is giving impetus to the ball by using
the fingers to control the ball as the player move
from one place to another.
 Dribbling is allowed even when the player is in a
stationary position.
He can only pass or shoot after a dribble.
Dribbling is a touch skill, not a sight skill.
Players
should learn to dribble up the court without
watching the ball.
You will find it easiest to control the basketball if you
hold it with the tips of your fingers. Use your forearm
and wrist to bounce the ball, and make sure you are
comfortable bouncing the ball with both hands.
2. Keep your knees bent. Your body should be kept
low, with your knees bent to maintain a lower centre
of gravity. Be sure to keep your body weight on the
balls of your feet, instead of your heels, and your
knees caps shouldn’t be covering your toes when
you look down. This is the best form to keep your
balance while dribbling.
3. Your back should be straight. Instead of having
your back hunched over, it should be kept in straight
posture while dribbling, and this will also be helpful
in keeping your center of gravity low.
4. Keep your eyes up. Beginners tend to keep their
eyes on the ball or on their hands as they dribble, but
you should avoid doing that.
Instead, try to keep your eyes up to look out for
oncoming opponents and to watch the happenings on
court.
5. Dribble the ball below the waist or knees
According to Hanbin, the ball should be kept below
your knees as you dribble, to keep it out of reach
 Pathfit 4 – 2nd semester midterm reviewer
from your opponents, and to maintain a low center of
gravity. If you’re a beginner, you can try keeping the
ball below your
waist as a start.
TYPES OF DRIBBLING
 Control Dribble - This is the first and the
easiest dribble to execute using a staggered
stance, in basic position with the ball-side foot
back. Player should protect the ball by
dribbling on the side of the body away from the
opponent.
 Speed Dribble - It is done by pushing the ball
out in front and run after it, keeping it
ahead of him. The faster the movement, the
farther out front and the higher the ball
should be pushed.
 Change-of-Pace Dribble - This is accomplished
by changing speeds, in a stop-and- start motion^
To move past defenders who take the "slow
pace" or "stop" fake, the
player should use this move. This is another
slow-fast move to get dribblers in the clear and
keep them open to their teammates.
 Head-and-Shoulder Move - This advanced
move is to get around a defender using the
preferred hand. move is continued by a fake
opposite foot as a head-and-shoulder fake is
made to that side. The ball is kept in rhythm with
that move. This faking move has the advantage
of having the dribbler see the defense while
executing a dribble move to get around a
defender with the preferred hand.
 Head and Shoulders Crossover - This is
another advanced dribble move used while the
dribbler moves past the defender. The crossover
dribble is kept low and is made across the body
at the same time the zigzag move is made from
the preferred side to the other side.
 Crossover Dribble - This is a basic move used
in the open court when there is
sufficient room between the dribbler and
defender. The ball is pushed low and quickly
across the body. This move is used when the
opponent overplays the path of the dribbler on
the ball side. The player should use this move
before a defender gets too close to make an
offense.
 Spin Dribble - The spin or whirl dribble is used
for maximum ball protection by the
ballhandler. In this move, the ballhandler may
lose sight of the opponent and
teammates briefly and may be susceptible to
traps or double teams. This move changes
direction from an angle that is forward right or
forward left as the ball is changed from the right
hand to the left hand.
 Behind-the-Back Dribble - This most popular
move is used to change hands (usually from the
preferred hand to the nonpreferred hand) and go
past a defender who is overplaying on the right
(left). A stationary dribble with one hand back
and forth with the opposite foot can carry out the
coordination of the dribble and footwork
forward.
 Between-the-Legs Dribble - When the ball is
dribbled with the right hand, it is
changed to the left hand by passing between the
legs. This move is reversed for a left- hand
dribble. The coordination of the dribble and the
footwork can be learned by
walking forward as the ball is crossed over
between the legs during each step.
TYPES OF PASSING
 Chest Pass - Starting from the chest, hold the
sides of the ball with both hands and keep your
elbows tight
next to your torso. To initiate the pass, step out
with one foot towards your target and
simultaneously press your arms out, your fingers
will rotate so that your palms are facing outwards
with your thumbs pointing to the floor. This pass
should go in a straight line and arrive at your
teammate’s chest level. The chest pass is best
suited for quickly advancing the ball up
court and swinging the ball around the perimeter.
 Bounce Pass - The bounce pass originates from
the same area on the torso as the chest pass does,
however you
should aim towards the ground. The ball must be
thrown far out enough so that it will be received
at waist height, it is typically recommended that
the ball hits the ground 3A of the way between
you and your teammate. The bounce pass is best
used in tight spaces when you are feeding a
player that is being guarded and should not be
used if you are trying to progress the ball further
down the court.
 Overhead Pass - The overhead pass starts with
both hands holding the ball directly behind your
head with your
elbows bent right next to each ear. Whilst
stepping forward towards your target, extend
your elbows and snap your wrists to create
backspin on the ball. Your arms should go
through a very
short range of motion, ending just above your
head, and the majority of the movement comes
from the elbows, not the shoulders. This pass is
 Pathfit 4 – 2nd semester midterm reviewer
the most effective way of launching the ball a
very long distance, it is great for a quick break
down the court, and most commonly used when
in-bounding the ball. Accuracy will become
much harder during the overhead pass, so it is
important to aim for your teammates chin or
chest area, depending on the play.
 Behind the Back Pass - Begin with the ball in
both hands around waist level, push the ball with
your left hand towards
your right side, and wrap it around your torso. As
you cross your body, grasp the ball with your
right hand, bring your elbow back and push it
towards your target from behind your back. As
you become more advanced, the behind the back
pass can be used in games when you are trying to
avoid a defender that is standing in front of you.
Having court awareness is a necessity for this
pass as often times it is most effective when you
do not look in the direction you are passing.
 Baseball pass - in basketball Baseball passes are
when you throw the ball a long distance using
one hand and throwing it
overhand like a baseball. This is not a very
accurate pass and is difficult to catch. However,
it is often used effectively as an outlet pass to get
the ball up the court quickly on a fast break.
BASIC SHOOTING
1. Jump Shot - A jump shot is most frequently used
for a mid to long-range shots, including shooting
beyond the arc. To
achieve balance when facing the basket for a jump
shot, you have to take a wide stance, usually,
shoulder width apart, bend your knees and square
your shoulders. Make a fluid, explosive upward leap
and at the apex of the jump, follow through by
shooting the ball. When the ball is released at the
apex of
the jump shot, keep your elbows straight to ensure
that it is pointed in the direction of the basket.
Concentrate on the flicking of your wrist and holding
it in position to provide the ball with momentum and
spin.
2. Hook Shot - A hook shot is when the shot is made
while your body is not directly facing the basket. To
execute a shoot shot, you need to face the basket
sideways so that your
shooting hand dribbling the ball is facing away from
the basket. This is also the stance to help guard the
ball against your opponent. This makes it difficult for
your
opponent to try to block the shot due to the distance
created between you and your defender. To make the
shot, jump with your left foot pushing off the ground
if
you’re making a right-handed shot or vice versa. The
shooting arm should be slightly bent, and it should
thrust upwards as the ball is lobbed with a flick of the
wrist. The hook shot is a staple of many players in the
National Basketball Association, including notable
stars such as George Mikan, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar,
Magic Johnson, and Yao Ming.
3. Bank Shot - A bank shot is when any shot made
where the ball hits the backboard before heading into
the net. To execute a bank shot, treat it as though
you’re taking a jump
shot but this time, aim slightly higher by shooting for
the backboard. Jumping higher can also sometimes
mean jumping slightly backwards when aiming for
the basket to prevent defenders from blocking the
shot.
The ball should not be hitting the rim too much after
bouncing off the backboard. The ball should then
bounce off the backboard and into the net.
4. Free Throw - A free throw is a shot attempt given
to a player that was fouled and it is taken on the free
throw line. The
player must stay behind the free throw line when
taking the shot. Before attempting to shoot, one must
maintain their balance. Find the nail or dot in the
middle of the free throw line and line your shooting
foot against it. For right-handed shooters, the
shooting foot will be the right foot and vice versa.
Your elbow on your shooting hand must be lined up
to make an “L” right under the ball with fingers
spread out for the backspin. Aim for the back of the
rim with your eyes focusing on the rims, do not look
at the
ball while you execute the shot. Follow through your
shot by keeping your hands up in the air for a second
or two after releasing the ball. three-point line, or
within two metres from the basket, take two giant
strides towards the hoop and attempt
to score by throwing the ball at the top corner of the
backboard or lay the ball gently into the basket.
5. Layup - A layup is a shot made from short range
by a player moving towards the basket. Usually
utilizing the backboard if he approaches the hoop
from an angle. This is also one of the most basic and
common way of scoring a basket in the game. To
execute a layup, dribble the ball towards the basket.
If you’re on the right flank, dribble the ball with your
right hand. At the
three-point line, or within two metres from the
basket, take two giant strides towards the hoop and
attempt to score by throwing the ball at the top corner
of the
backboard or lay the ball gently into the basket.
 Pathfit 4 – 2nd semester midterm reviewer
6. Slam Dunk - The dunk is usually the most
spectacular shot and is one
of the toughest feats in basketball. It usually requires
more jumping ability than shooting skills. To execute
a slam dunk, dribble and charge towards the hoop
when
ready to execute the dunk. Jump explosively to get as
high as possible and leap towards the hoop. Lift the
ball above the rim and push or slam it forcefully
through the rim.
Most people jump off one foot, but you might find
that you can jump higher off both feet. So there you
have it, six ways of scoring in basketball. Start
practicing and
perhaps find out which way works for your best,
depending on your role and position in the team.
REBOUNDING
 a Rebounds in basketball are a routine part
in the game; most possessions change after a
shot is successfully made, or the rebound
allows the defensive team to take
possession. Rebounds are also given to a
player who tips in a missed shot on
his team's offensive end. A rebound can be
grabbed by either an offensive player or a
defensive player.
BLOCKING
 a block or blocked shot occurs when a
defensive player legally deflects a field goal
attempt from an offensive player to prevent
a score. The defender is
not allowed to make contact with the
offensive player's hand (unless the defender
is also in contact with the ball) or a foul is
called.
STEAL
 A steal occurs when a defensive player
legally causes a turnover by his positive,
aggressive action(s). This can be done by
deflecting and
controlling, or by catching the opponent's
pass or dribble of an offensive player.
Therefore, attempting to steal is a gamble.
This is the first and the easiest dribble to execute
using a staggered stance, in basic position with the
ball-side foot back – CONTROL DRIBBLE
This is accomplished by changing speeds, in a stop-
and-start motion to move past defenders who take the
“slow pace” or “stop” fake, the player should use this
move. – CHANGE-OF-PACE DRIBBLE
This is a basic move used in the open court when
there is sufficient room between the dribbler and
defender. – CROSSOVER DRIBBLE
This most popular move is used to change hands
(usually from the preferred hand to the nonpreferred
hand) and go past a defender who is overplaying on
the right (left). -BEHIND THE BACK DRIBBLE
Is the most frequently used for a mid to long-range
shots, including shooting beyond the arc. – JUMP
SHOT
Is when the shot is made while your body is not
directly facing the basket. – HOOK SHOT
Throw is a shot attempt given to a player that was
fouled and it is taken on the free throw line. – FREE
THROW SHOT
Is a shot made from short range by a player moving
towards the basket. – LAY-UP
The most spectacular shot and is one of the toughest
feats in basketball – DUNK
A pass that best suited for quickly advancing the ball
up court and swinging the ball around the perimeter.-
CHEST PASS
The scorer shall also indicate the number of fouls
committed by each player by rasing. – TRUE
The timer shall measure playing time, time outs and
intervals of play. – TRUE
The team captain shall act as coach if there is no
coach or if the coach is unable to continue and there
is no assistance coach inscribed on the team. -TRUE
Point guards has the ability to shoot consistently from
different positions – FALSE
Forwards has the ability to rebound – TRUE
The commissioner supervise the work of the table
officials and to assist the referee and the umpire(s) in
the smooth function. – TRUE
The referee have the power to stop a game when
conditions warrant it – TRUE
A pass where is best used in tight spaces when you
are feeding a player that is being guarded and should
 Pathfit 4 – 2nd semester midterm reviewer

not be used if you are trying to progress the ball

further down the court. – BOUNCE PASS

This pass is the most effective way of launching the

ball a very long distance. – OVERHEAD PASS

This is also given to a player who tips in a missed

shot on his team’s offensive end – REBOUND

Legally deflects a field goal attempt from an

offensive player to prevent a score. – BLOCK

It occurs when a defensive player legally causes a

turnover by his positive, aggressive action. – STEAL
It is a way for players to move the ball on the court
between teammates. -PASSING OFFICIALS’ SIGNALS

Forward has the ability to feel out of strength and GAME CLOCK SIGNALS
weaknesses of opponents and to analyze pattern of
movements – FALSE

SCORING
 Pathfit 4 – 2nd semester midterm reviewer

SUBSTITUTION AND TIME-OUT

INFORMATIVE NUMBER OF PLAYERS

VIOLATIONS
 Pathfit 4 – 2nd semester midterm reviewer

SPECIAL FOULS

TYPE OF FOULS

FOUL PENALTY ADMINISTRATION

 Pathfit 4 – 2nd semester midterm reviewer

ADMINISTRATING FREE THROWS – ACTIVE

OFFICIAL (LEAD)