English -9

Quarter 3 Self-Learning Module 1 Biases and Prejudices

English – Grade 9 Quarter 3 – Module 1: Biases and Prejudices First Edition, 2020 Republic Act
8293, Section 176 states that no copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the
Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is
created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may,
among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e.,
songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module
are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and
seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher
and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of
Education - Schools Division of Pasig City Development Team of the Self-Learning Module
Writer: Corazon M. Arbasto Editor: Richelle M. Asaytono Reviewers: Marilisa T. Lopez, Rowena
D. Roxas Layout Artist: Corazon M. Arbasto Management Team:

Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin OIC-Schools Division Superintendent Carolina T. Rivera,

CESE OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent Manuel A. Laguerta EdD Chief
Curriculum Implementation Division Victor M. Javena, EdD Chief - School Governance and
Operations Division

Education Program Supervisors Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE) Liza A. Alvarez

(Science/STEM/SSP) Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS) Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports) Wilma Q. Del Rosario
(LRMS/ADM) Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang) Perlita M. Ignacio PhD
(EsP) Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE) Teresita P. Tagulao EdD
(Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of Pasig City 2

EXPECTATIONS This self-learning instructional module in English 9 will not only teach you the
prescribed lessons on biases and prejudices but also expose you to variegated activities
especially crafted to enhance your skills. After going through this self-learning module, you are
expected to: 

make judgment based on given scenarios;

differentiate biases from prejudices through examples;

weigh information to make decisions; and



supply correct answers to given exercises.

PRETEST Determine whether the given scenario shows bias or prejudice. Write the word bias
or prejudice on the space provided before each item. __________1. Not hiring someone
because of their age or gender. __________2. Assuming someone is gay because of the way
he acts. __________3. Bullying and discriminating someone with disability. __________4.
Accepting exclusive membership of clubs where certain people are not allowed. __________5.
Posting negative comments in social media about economic status of a family.

RECAP At your age, you are already very familiar with the adage “No Man Is an Island.” Aren’t
you? We have learned to live not only on our own but also with the presence and help of other
people. As we interact others, some circumstances are not always warm and accommodating.
They are sometimes accompanied by rejections and discriminations. Sensitivity towards other
people’s feelings and 3

situations is a huge factor that will lead us to live in a world where equality reigns.

LESSON What comes to your mind when you see this logo?

https://eatbulaga.fandom.com/wiki/Bawal_Judgmental!

It is a segment from a famous noontime television show, “Eat Bulaga”. Was there a time in your
life when you caught yourself prejudging others? Do you consider yourself judgmental as well?
Then, how will you judge these given dialogues?

https://www.slideshare.net/kashif2016/stereotypes-prejudice-and-discrimination-in-psychology

Do you believe that the statements above show fairness and equality? If your answer is “NO”,
then it means you are good in detecting prejudices. But what made you say that the dialogues
show prejudices? Prejudice refers to a preconceived opinion or feeling toward a person based
solely on their affiliation with a group. This feeling may be translated into action by
discriminating against the person or members of the target group.

An individual may be prejudiced against others based on factors such as race, age, gender,
sexual orientation, class status, religion, nationality, and amongst other things. Examples: a) “I
don’t want Blacks living in my neighborhood!” b) “I don’t want Jews owning businesses in my
town!” c) “I don’t want a Muslim community center in lower Manhattan!”

These examples clearly show that there are prejudices going on. The statements prejudge
against black people, Jews, and Muslims basically because of their race, nationality and
religion. Even though they have not done anything wrong yet, but because of their backgrounds,
people tend to prejudge them and eventually discriminate them. These are very common in our
society even up to the present time. Another term that causes confusion and is often used
interchangeably with “prejudice” is “bias”. But these two terms differ from each other. Let’s
examine how it differs from the former. Bias is a tendency to lean in a certain direction, either in
favor of or against a particular thing. To be truly biased means to lack a neutral viewpoint on a
particular topic. Somewhere along the line, bias took on a negative connotation.

If you're biased toward something, then you lean favorably toward it; you tend to think positively
of it. Meanwhile, if you're biased against something, then you lean negatively against it; you
tend to think poorly of it. Examples: a) In other Christian sects, the preacher position is only
given to males and not to females. b) Sectarian schools only accept students who share the
same religious beliefs. c) Some churches don’t accept women who wear pants instead of
dresses or skirts during their services. In the given examples, a certain group or people is given
favor than the other. In number one, males are given more power or authority than females.
Number two, students who are interested to study in a school but don’t share 5

the same religion can’t be admitted. And lastly, women who want to attend church services
aren’t allowed to go if they don’t wear the prescribed clothes for the said services. GUIDED
PRACTICE A. Examine the given images closely. Identify which image shows bias or prejudice.
Write the word, bias or prejudice as your answer.

1. https://www.gograph.com/clipart/discrimination -racist-cliparts -gg70484705.html

2. https://nd12dg.wordpress.com/2014/11/11/the -ideal-family/

3. https://dlpng.com/png/372468

4. https://digest.bps.org.uk/2016/07/08/the-imagined-contact-intervention-fo rreducin g-
prejudice-can-backfire/

5. https://thriveglobal.com/stories/expand -you r-mind-overcoming-confirmation-bias/

Let’s see if you were able to label the pictures correctly. 1. Prejudice - A man who believes he is
better than a person with disability by laughing at him. 2. Bias - It is gender bias since the male
gender is given superiority over the female. 3.

Prejudice - The two privileged men judge the man by his status.

4. Prejudice - Boys making assumptions because of their different social and cultural
backgrounds. 6

5. situation.

Bias - Someone can be biased depending on which angle he views the

B. Study and evaluate whether the given scenarios contain biases and prejudices. Write bias,
prejudice, or none. 1. Some Muslims are assumed to be terrorists and eventually being
discriminated. 2. Jews during the period of Hitler were sentenced to death because Hitler
himself despised Jewish people. 3. A teacher who gives good rating to her student who shares
the same religious belief with her. 4. A married couple living in a new country where they are
free to attend to any of their church services. 5. Tom Cruise’s affiliation with Scientology
prompts all kinds of negative press.

Here are the correct answers. Check your work! 1) prejudice

2) bias

3) bias

4) none

5) prejudice

ACTIVITIES ACTIVITY 1: Write T if the statement is TRUE and write F if it is FALSE. _____1.
Prejudice is the opinion or viewpoint while discrimination is the action. _____2. If someone is
thinking poorly of another person for his belonging to a certain race, or for having different
religious beliefs then he has prejudice. _____3. Bias and discrimination are alike. _____4.
Prejudice is taking action based on a discrimination. _____5. The tendency to favor one person,
group, thing, or point of view over another, often in an unfair way is called bias. 7

ACTIVITY 2: Read the given scenarios properly. Write bias or prejudice if you can detect any. If
you cannot, write none. Explain your judgment after your chosen answer. __________1.
Treating someone like a convicted killer even after years of being acquitted of murder. -
____________________________________________________ __________2. Seeking
evaluations from independent experts yet arriving at one’s subjective decision. -
_________________________________________________ __________3. Denying a couple
of the same gender from getting a visa because of their sexual preference. -
________________________________________________ __________4. Thinking that
someone who is physically impaired is also a mentally challenged. -
_____________________________________________________ __________5. Joining a
group in a university without hesitations and reservations. -
____________________________________________________________

ACTIVITY 3: On a clean sheet of bond paper of any size, compose a personal prayer for people
who have been prejudged, have been discriminated and have experienced biases in life. It is
preferably a prayer with minimum of fifty (50) words. Please be guided by the rubrics provided
below. Rubrics Very Good Creativity and originality

Grammar

Presentation

Content
Fair

The prayer is The prayer is creatively and creatively and originally crafted. originally crafted.
Deep thoughts are put into the words and the ideas and emotions are uniquely conveyed.
Grammar is properly observed.

Needs Improvement The prayer appears to be done in rush. The ideas and emotions are weak.

It has minimal It has erroneous grammatical errors. grammar.

The prayer is well The prayer contains The prayer looks presented using some decorations.
bare and austere in appropriate design. decorations such as colors and images. The prayer is
directly dedicated to people who have been prejudged, have been discriminated and have
experienced biases in their lives.

The prayer slightly dedicates to people who have been prejudged, have been discriminated and
have experienced biases in their lives.

The prayer does not mention anything about the people who have been prejudged, have been
discriminated and have experienced biases in their lives.

VALUING Write one act (per item) that you would take in order to avoid biases and prejudices in
this pandemic time especially to people who are: a. Unenrolled -
__________________________________________________ b. Unemployed -
_________________________________________________ c. Online sellers -
________________________________________________ d. COVID-19 survivors -
__________________________________________ e. Affiliated to a different religious sect -
__________________________

POSTTEST Choose the correct answer that is best reflected in the given scenario. Write the
letter of your answer on the space before every item. _____1. Denying someone a promotion
because of his sexual orientation. A. Bias B. Prejudice C. No Bias/Prejudice _____2. Firing a
woman from her job upon learning of her pregnancy. A. Bias B. Prejudice C. No Bias/Prejudice
_____3. Offering higher pay to a newly hired Christian physician over a mainstay Hindu doctor.
A. Bias B. Prejudice C. No Bias/Prejudice _____4. Putting up a greater number of washrooms in
airports for females than males. A. Bias B. Prejudice C. No Bias/Prejudice _____5. Being not
invited over a classy neighborhood party because of their ethnicity and origin. A. Bias B.
Prejudice C. No Bias/Prejudice

10

11

References Inocencio, Stephen Julagting. “Detailed Lesson Plan In English Grade 10.”
October22,2015.https://www.slideshare.net/stephenjulagtinginocencio/l essonplan-in-english-
grade-10-54275412

Legal Dictionary, (2016) s.v. “prejudice,” accessed July 6, 2020,

https://legaldictionary.net/prejudice/

Your Dictionary, s.v. “bias,” accessed July 6, 2020,

https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-bias.html

12

English

Quarter 3 Self

- Learning Module 2

Using Verbals: Gerunds

English – Grade 8 Quarter 3 – Module 2: Using Verbals: Gerunds First Edition, 2020 Republic
Act 8293, Section 176 states that no copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of
the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is
created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may,
among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e.,
songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module
are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and
seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher
and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of
Education - Schools Division of Pasig City Development Team of the Self-Learning Module
Writer: Joanne Almoete Editor: Julie P. Policarpio Technical Reviewer: Rowena D. Roxas
Management Team:

Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin OIC-Schools Division Superintendent Carolina T. Rivera,

CESE OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent Manuel A. Laguerta EdD Chief
Curriculum Implementation Division Victor M. Javena, EdD Chief - School Governance and
Operations Division

Education Program Supervisors Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE) Liza A. Alvarez

(Science/STEM/SSP) Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS) Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports) Wilma Q. Del Rosario
(LRMS/ADM) Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang) Perlita M. Ignacio PhD
(EsP) Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE) Teresita P. Tagulao EdD
(Mathematics/ABM)
Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of Pasig City 2

EXPECTATIONS This is your self-instructional learner module in English 9. All the activities
provided in this lesson will help you learn and understand: Using Verbals: Gerunds Specifically,
you will learn about the following: 1. Functions of Gerunds 2. Identifying Gerund Phrases

PRETEST Directions: Fill in the gaps with the appropriate form of the verbs in the parentheses.
1. I can't stand ________________ in queues. (to wait) 2. I am tired ________________ next in
line. (to wait) 3. Jim loves ________________ in Palawan. (to work) 4. I hate
________________ the shopping on Saturday. (to do) 5. In the end, we decided
________________ in. (to stay) 6. I need ________________ some information about
Masbate. (to find) 7. Claire refused ________________ clean up after the party. (to help) 8. My
parents like ________________ for long walks at the weekend. (to go) 9. Marie gave up
________________ years ago. (to smoke) 10. Do you mind not ________________? (to
smoke)

RECAP In our previous lesson, we have learned how to interpret the message conveyed in a
material viewed or read. We have learned that people view or read materials for many reasons.
Whatever the reasons we have in viewing or reading materials, our experiences play a big
factor in understanding the material/s.

LESSON Gerunds are words that are formed with verbs but act as nouns. They’re very easy to
spot, since every gerund is a verb with ing tacked to its tail. There are no exceptions to this rule.
Like all things grammar, gerunds do take a tiny bit of detective work to spot. The problem here
is that present participles also end with the letters ing. Besides being able to spot gerunds, you
should be able to tell the difference between a gerund and a present participle. As you read
these examples of gerunds, notice the verbs they contain, and notice that every single one of
them ends in ing. The active gerund form and the passive gerund form usually serves to denote
a simultaneous action with one that is expressed by the main verb. The perfect active gerund
form and the perfect passive gerund denotes an action that precedes the main verb. ● A gerund
phrase is created when a gerund has a modifier, object or both.

The gerunds/gerund phrases can function as the

subject of the sentence, the direct object,

the subject

complement or as an object of the preposition. 1. The gerund or gerund phrase always has the
same functions as a noun. As a subject it shows what the sentence is all about. As the subject
of a clause: 4

Examples: Cycling is good for your health. Riding motorcycle makes me nervous
2. Gerunds and gerund phrases can act as direct objects when used with another verb. Direct
objects answer the question ‘what?’: As a direct object: Examples: Janna enjoys cooking.
(Janna enjoys what? Janna loves cooking.) Sam avoided washing the dishes. 3. Sometimes
gerunds and gerunds phrases can be used as indirect object. Indirect objects are used with a
verb and a direct object (another noun). They often answer the question ‘to what?’: As an
indirect object: Examples: I will give my dancing my best shot. (give my best shot ‘to what’? To
dancing) Jack gives studying his best effort. 4. Gerunds/gerund phrases can be used after
linking verbs and complement the subject of the sentence. As the subject complement:
Examples: His talent is performing magic tricks.

One of his duties was feeding the dogs. 5. The gerund must be used when a verb comes after a
preposition. This is also true of certain expressions ending in a preposition, for example the
expressions ‘in spite of’ and ‘there’s no point in’. As an object of the preposition: Examples: I did
my homework before going out. Jenny is good at singing.

Guided Practice Identify the function of the gerund phrase on each sentence below: 1.
Swimming in the ocean has been Sharon’s passion since she was five years old. Answer:
subject 2. One of her favorite hobbies is collecting perfume bottles. Answer: complement 3. I
delayed telling Jerry the bad news. Answer: direct object 4. Holly decided to walk instead of
taking the bus. Answer: object of the preposition 5. I gave loving you a chance. Answer: indirect
object

ACTIVITIES Activity 1: Gerunds/Gerund Phrases Used as Object of the Preposition Complete

the sentences with prepositions + gerunds (-ing forms). Example: My dad is used
______________ up early. (get) My dad is used to getting up early. 1. My brother is good
_______________ (dive) 2. I'm not very keen _______________ computer games. (play) 3. I
have no objection ______________ the football match tonight. (watch) 6

4. She is afraid ______________ her boyfriend. (lose) 5. We are fed ______________ nothing
all the weekend. (do) 6. I'm tired _______________ in the queues at the airports. (wait) 7. We
had difficulty _______________ the way to the museum. (find) 8. Are you interested
_______________ your professional career? (build) 9. There's no point ________________ an
old car. (buy) 10. We are excited ___________ her perform in the TV show. (see) Activity 2 Fill
in blanks with the correct forms of the verbs. 1. They like ________ up at any time. (show) 2.
The man denied ________ the crime. (commit) 3. Their memories of ________ in Africa will
stay with them forever. (travel) 4. He has always been afraid of ________. (fly) 5. _________ is
good for your health. (swim) 6. Would you mind _________ me the sugar? (pass) 7. She
promised _________ the report as soon as possible. (read) 8. I had a hard time _________ the
situation to my parents. (explain) 9. She had some problems __________ without glasses.
(read) 10. Paul gave up __________ five years ago. (smoke)

Activity 3 Supply each sentence with correct gerund. 1. I remember _____ the President in
Davao. a. meet
c. meeting

b. to meet

d. to meeting

2. Did you remember _____ the letter? a. post

c. posting

b. to post

d. to posting

3. I'm not used _____ up this early. a. get

c. getting

b. to get

d. to getting

4. I do not appreciate _____ to the gymnasium with her. a. go

c. going

b. to go

d. to going

5. Father loves _____ some presents for us, but he doesn't have enough time today. a. to b. to
buy

c. buying d. to buying

VALUING Gerund is essential in writing and speaking. It brings art and impact to the text read. It
is used by different authors to fully express their thoughts on masterpiece created. Learning this
topic can help us understand word combinations correctly and could be of great help in creating
your own writing style, especially in this time of new normal. Spreading positivity through written
text or song incorporated in different media platform could mitigate the toxicity and stress
around the world.

POSTTEST
Directions: Identify the function of the underlined the gerund or gerund phrase in each of the
following sentences. Before each number, write S for subject, DO for direct object, IO for
indirect object, C for complement, or OP for object of the preposition. ______1. Spending
holiday in Boracay will be memorable for all of us. ______2. What about having a last drink?
______3. Solving the puzzle takes a lot of time. ______4. I don't remember calling him during
the party. ______5. They accused me of breaking the window. ______6. There was a very good
reason for not believing in what he said. 9

______7. Myra’s phobia is speaking in public. ______8. The students enjoyed performing their
task. ______9. The main goal of the club is helping the less fortunate. ______10. She gave
practicing her new skill her best effort.

10

KEY TO CORRECTION

11

References https://www.litcharts.com/gerund -language https://lgerund.net/verbals/

https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/gerundphrases -quiz/
https://www.spps.org/cms/lib/MN01910242/Centricity/Domain/770/Figu rative%20Language
%20Practice%20Worksheet.pdf https://www.masterclass.com>articles grammartop,com

12

English

Quarter 3 Self - Learning Module 3 Infinitives

English – Grade 9 Quarter 3 – Module 3: Infinitives First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293,
section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the
Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is
created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may,
among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e.,
songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module
are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and
seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher
and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of
Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self Learning Module Writer: Albert C. Drio Editors/Reviewers: Marita
M. Valerio Ed. D, Loida G. Tomelden Ed. D, and Rowena D. Roxas Illustrator: Edison P. Clet
Layout Artist: Management Team:
Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin OIC-Schools Division Superintendent Carolina T. Rivera,
CESE OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent Manuel A. Laguerta EdD Chief
Curriculum Implementation Division Victor M. Javena, EdD Chief - School Governance and
Operations Division

Education Program Supervisors Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE) Liza A. Alvarez

(Science/STEM/SSP) Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS) Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports) Wilma Q. Del Rosario
(LRMS/ADM) Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang) Perlita M. Ignacio PhD
(EsP) Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE) Teresita P. Tagulao EdD
(Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of Pasig City 2

EXPECTATIONS This is your self-learning module in English 9. All the activities provided in this
lesson will help you learn and understand: Verbals – Infinitives Specifically, you will learn about
the following: 1. Identify infinitives and infinitive phrases used in the sentences. 2. Use infinitive
as subject, direct object, predicate nominative, object of the preposition, and appositive in
sentences.

PRETEST Directions. Identify the phrase from the sentences that contain an infinitive. Choose
the letter of the best answer. 1. Keeping fit and healthy will increase your ability to deal with
stress. A. to deal

B. will increase

C. keeping fit

D. no infinitive

2. There were police officers checking bags to make sure people weren’t carrying weapons. A.
no infinitive

B. checking C. to make D. carrying weapon

3. After the rain, the gardener had to dump the water out of all the flowerpots. A. no infinitive

B. to dump

C. after the rain

D. out of

4. Workplace bullying and harassment should not be tolerated. A. workplace B. bullying and
harassment
C. no infinitive D. tolerated

5. Once you know the hazards of your job or workplace, you can take steps to reduce your risk
of work-related injury or illness. A. the hazards

B. no infinitive

C. take steps

D. to reduce

RECAP We have learned in our previous lesson that gerund is a verb ending in -ing and used
as a noun which in turn act as subjects, predicate nominative, object of prepositions and
appositives.

LESSON Infinitives are verbs that act as other parts of speech. An infinitive is the “to” form of
the verb. The infinitive of run is “to run”., the infinitive of scream is “to scream”, the infinitive of
eat is “to eat”. Formula: To + Verb Types of Infinitive Phrases Infinitive phrases are always easy
to spot because they begin with “to.” In a sentence, they can work like nouns, adjectives, or
adverbs. a. Infinitive Phrase as a Noun When an infinitive phrase functions as a noun: it
answers the question “what?” the infinitive phrase will be the subject. - does the verb; or an
object receives the action of the verb. Here are some examples: I don’t want to study for my
test. What don’t you want? (Object) He needs to ace the exam. What does he need? (Object)
To get good grades is my goal. What is the goal? (Subject) His job was to tutor me in math.
What was his job? (Object) b. Infinitive Phrase as an Adjective When an infinitive phrase acts as
an adjective in a sentence: it describes a noun or a pronoun. it describes a subject or an object.
Here are some examples: I want a tutor to help me study. Describes the tutor I need a
magazine to read on the train. Describes the magazine There is a basket to put your exam in.
Describes the basket I wish I had a friend to study with me. Describes the friend c. Infinitive
Phrase as an Adverb When an infinitive phrase works like an adverb: it modifies the verb in a
sentence. Adverbs answer questions where, when, why, how, and for what reason/purpose. As
an adverb, the infinitive will answer the same questions. Examples: I went home to study for
math. Why did you go home? He sat down to take the exam. For what reason did he sit down?
To get into college, you need good grades. Why do you need good grades? To ace the exam, I
studied for hours. For what purpose did you study? 4

Infinitive phrase is a group of words that include an infinitive and any other words to complete its
meaning.  Example: To fly a plane was her goal. To fly is the infinitive (to + verb) To fly a plane
is the infinitive phrase. Infinitive can function as subject, a direct object, a predicate nominative,
an appositive or an object of a preposition. Examples: To care is to encourage someone.
(subject) I like to eat. (direct object) A fun thing is to eat. (predicate nominative) My hope, to
travel never happened. (appositive) I want nothing but to save. (object of preposition) Guided
Practice Study the following infinitives according to its function. 1. To dance beneath the stars
with her is Jared's only goal. What do you think the function of the infinitive in the sentence?
________________ "To dance beneath the stars " operates as a noun and serves as the
subject of the sentence. The linking verb "is" links the subject to further information and found in
the subject complement. In this case, the subject complement, or that added bit of information,
is "Jared's only goal." What about dancing beneath the stars? It's Jared's only goal. 2. George
likes to meditate after a stressful day. What do you think the function of the infinitive in the
sentence? ________________ In this example, "to meditate after a stressful day" is the direct
object of the action verb "likes." The subject, or the person we're talking about, is The verb is
"likes." What does George like? To meditate after a stressful day. The direct object answers the
"what" of the action verb. 3. His great ambition was to bring dinosaurs back to life. What do you
think is the function of the infinitive in the sentence?
____________________________________________________________________________
___ To bring is an infinitive, and to bring dinosaurs back to life is an infinitive phrase. The
infinitive phrase functions as a noun phrase and acts as a predicate nominative that follows an
auxiliary verb and identifies ambition in the sentence. 4. Mario’s goal in life, to become an
occupational therapist, is within her grasp at last. What do you think is the function of the
infinitive in the sentence?
____________________________________________________________________________
__ The infinitive phrase to become an occupational therapist functions as an appositive in the
sentence. Appositive is a re-naming or amplification of a word that immediately precedes it. 5

5. That problem is too difficult for you to solve. What do you think is the function of the infinitive
in the sentence? _________________ A small number of prepositions most often about, but,
except, for, and than can have infinitive phrases as their objects. For normally introduces an
infinitive phrase that includes the subject of the infinitive which functions as object of the
preposition.

ACTIVITIES Activity I. Identify the underlined words by writing I if it is infinitive and IP for
infinitive phrase. _____1. To heal the sick is Alice’s ambition. _____2. Koji’s desire was to
maintain cleanliness in their community. _____3. This shirt fits me to perfection. _____4. I hate
to clean my room. _____5. Margo’s goal was to become a physician. Activity II. Underline the
infinitive on the following sentences and identify whether it is being used as a noun, an
adjective, or an adverb. Choose the letter of the correct answer. _____1. John really wants to
exercise with us. A. Noun B. Adjective C. Adverb _____2. I am reluctant not to promote
handwashing. A. Noun B. Adjective C. Adverb _____3. That stain will be difficult to clean. A.
Noun B. Adjective C. Adverb _____4. The boy to watch this game is Colin. A. Noun B. Adjective
C. Adverb _____5. I believe it will be simple to explain how the virus spreads. A. Noun B.
Adjective C. Adverb Activity III. Find the noun infinitives in the following sentences. Tell if they
are used as a subject, a direct object, a predicate nominative, an appositive, or an object of a
preposition. __________1. __________2. __________3. __________4. __________5.

Everyone wants to enjoy life. I was about to speak when he interrupted. Two bad habits are to
smoke cigarettes and to drink alcohol. To stop the car suddenly can be dangerous. My ambition
to travel, will not be possible this year. 6

WRAP-UP Fill out the missing information below. Infinitives can act as

Adverb
____________________

5 functions of Infinitives Subject

__________________

__________________

Direct Object

__________________

POSTTEST Directions. Read the following sentences. Select the phrase from the sentences
that contain an infinitive. 1. Staying fresh and alert will help you avoid injury or burnout. A.
staying fresh

B. no infinitive

C. will help

D. avoid injury

2. It is imperative that you follow the rules to stay out from trouble. A. no infinitive

B. you follow

C. imperative

D. to stay

3. Teenagers need to protect themselves from bad company. A. teenagers

B. no infinitive

C. to protect

D. bad company

4. Names of all sources are withheld to guarantee personal safety of the informants. A. withheld
B. to guarantee

C. personal safety D. no infinitive

5. To keep yourself free from viruses, always wear mask whenever you go outside. A. always
wear

B. from viruses
C. no infinitive

D. to keep 7

KEY TO CORRECTION

English

Quarter 3 Self -Learning Module 4 Using verbals: Participials

English – Grade 9 Quarter 3 – Module 4: Using verbals: Participials First Edition, 2020 Republic
Act 8293, Section 176 states that no copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of
the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is
created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may,
among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e.,
songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module
are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and
seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher
and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of
Education - Schools Division of Pasig City Development Team of the Self-Learning Module
Writer: Mia May L. Cunanan Editor: Bernadette De Leon Omaña Reviewers: Lorna C.
Rodriguez, EdD, Rowena D. Roxas Illustrator: Layout Artist: Management Team:

Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin OIC-Schools Division Superintendent Carolina T. Rivera,

CESE OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent Manuel A. Laguerta EdD Chief
Curriculum Implementation Division Victor M. Javena, EdD Chief - School Governance and
Operations Division

Education Program Supervisors Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE) Liza A. Alvarez

(Science/STEM/SSP) Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS) Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports) Wilma Q. Del Rosario
(LRMS/ADM) Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang) Perlita M. Ignacio PhD
(EsP) Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE) Teresita P. Tagulao EdD
(Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of Pasig City

EXPECTATIONS This is your self-instructional learner module in English 9. All the activities
provided in this lesson will help you learn and understand: Using verbals: Participials.
Specifically, you will learn about the following: 1. Define a participle; 2. Determine the form and
use of present and past participle; and 3. Use participles appropriately.

PRETEST Complete the following sentences by supplying the correct word. Choose the letter of
the correct answer.

1. My mother remains the most ___________ person I have met in my life. A. inspired

B. inspiring

C. inspire

2. My father is an example of a selfless, ___________ leader. A. nurtured

B. nurturing

C. nurture

3. In a family, we offer a ___________ hand when you see a parent laboring with a heavy task.
A. helped

B. helping

C. help

4. The poem was written by a loving parent to his ___________ child. A. beloved

B. beloving

C. belove

5. My other siblings have ___________ nose like my grandparents. A. pointed

B. pointing

C. point

RECAP We have learned in our past lesson the different parts of speech and their functions.
We know that the function of a noun is to name, a pronoun is to replace while adjective and
adverb modifies. But other than the parts of speech mentioned, there are also other structures
which functions similarly like them. They are what we call verbals.

LESSON A verbal is a verb from that act as another part of speech. It can either act as a noun,
an adjective, or an adverb. Participles, gerunds, and infinitives are the three verbal types.
(https://www.k12reader.com/term/verbals/) For today’s lesson we are going to discuss, Using
Verbals : Participials

Read the article “US couple adopts Pinay kid with no arms and legs, shares touching story”
published at News.ABS-CBN.Com US couple adopts Pinay kid with no arms and legs, shares
touching story ABS-CBN News Posted at Mar 05 2017 06:22 AM Maria, a Filipina kid who was
born without arms and legs wasn't dealt the kindest of cards to start off her life. But things
appear to be looking up for her after she was adopted by a pair of loving US-based parents.
Back in 2015, couple Adrianne and Jason Stewart flew from Utah to the Philippines to adopt
Maria from an orphanage in Cavite. More than two years later, in an article published by
Coconuts Manila, the Stewarts shared just how their smiling bundle of joy has changed all of
them. "She loves to do things on her own," Adrianne said when asked about how the 3-year-old
has settled in her new home. "She gets a huge smile on her face and so excited when she
finally is able to do something completely on her own. It is so inspiring to see and brings me a
lot of joy." Adrianne explained that she and her husband do not see Maria as having a disability.
"She is just our daughter and even though she may have 4

to learn to do things a little different than everyone else, she is still doing the same things as all
the other kids." Besides Maria, Adrianne has two biological daughters with Jason and another
adopted son, who is also from the Philippines. "Her brother loves to play with her and I help him
come up with ideas on how to better include her in whatever he is playing with. Her sisters are
wonderful with her and love teaching her how to do things," the doting mother said. According to
Adrianne, Maria loves to listen to music, particularly beats from the 1980s. She is also fond of
coloring using a custom designed mouthpiece that holds her markers and stuffed animals.
Adrianne also shared that Maria will be attending preschool soon, in addition to receiving the
speech and occupational therapy services she needs. Next year, the Stewarts are planning to
adopt another child from the Philippines. "There are so many orphans all over the world and all
of them deserve love and a family," Adrianne said. "It doesn’t matter if they have special needs
or are healthy or if they are older children or younger children. They all need a family. Being
able to love is really what matters most when considering adoption."
(https://news.abscbn.com/life/03/04/17/us-couple-adopts-pinay-kid-with-no-arms-and-legs-
shares-touching-story)

Who adopted a Filipino kid? The US-based couple, Adrianne and Jason Stewart. How did Maria
give joy to the couple? Maria became a part of the family and learned to do things like all the
other kids. It made the couple proud of her. Describe Adrianne and Jason as parents. Adrianne
and Jason are loving, caring, and understanding. What is the message of the article? Everyone
needs a family who accepts and embraces them. Acceptance and respect to member’s
differences promotes a healthy relationship in the family. Why is it important to value family?

Family is about love and support. A family helps, supports, respects and to whom one share
life’s joy. How was the couple described? They are loving, caring, and understanding. Loving
and caring are examples of participles. The answer in our earlier exercise - falling, fallen,
breaking, broken, burning and burnt are also examples of participle. Notice how the words end.
What is a participle? A participle is a verbal that functions as an adjective. It modifies a noun or
a pronoun. The participle comes before the noun.
(https://webapps.towson.edu/ows/verbals.html) They will have two forms: Present Participle
( ends in “-ing”) Past Participle ( ends in “-ed”, “-en”, “-n”, “-t” ) Examples: PRESENT
PARTICIPLE

PAST PARTICIPLE

exciting work

excited parents

inspiring message

inspired man

tiring experience

tired woman

marrying couple

married couple

connecting words

connected families

How does the encircled words in the first column end? They end in –ing. What do you call these
underlined words? They are nouns.

In the first example, the word work is the noun. When asked “What kind of work?” the answer
will be exciting. Exciting is the participle modifying the noun work. It is in the present form thus it
ends in –ing. The encircled words in the first column are the participles in its present form or the
present participle. How do the encircled words in the second column end? They end in –ed. The
encircled words in the second column are the participles in its past form or the past participle. In
the second column, first example, the noun modified is parents. What kind of parents? The
answer will be excited. Excited is the participle modifying the noun parents. It is in the past form
thus it ends in –d and –ed. The present and past participles come before the noun or pronoun it
modifies.

Going back to the article “US couple adopts Pinay kid…”, try to identify the present and past
participle in the text. The example present participle are; smiling bundle of joy touching story
doting mother The example past participle are; stuffed animals adopted son designed
mouthpiece
Smart use of verbals can make our outputs more colorful and more precise.
(https://www.bkacontent.com/using-verbals-better-writing/)

Guided Practice Fill in the blanks with the correct participial form of the verb in parentheses. 1.

Tina’s (care) __________ brother gave her a special card.

2.

The (cry) __________ baby wants to be on his mother’s side.

3.

He was a (devote) __________ husband to Marissa.

4.

An (interest) __________ story was written by my father.

5.

The (excite) __________ children are happy to be reunited with their parents.

The answers are 1-caring, 2-crying, 3- devoted, 4-interesting, 5-excited

ACTIVITIES A. Underline the participle in each of the sentences. 1. The screaming child is
waiting for her mom. 2. Looking after your two sleeping sisters is my responsibility as the eldest
son. 3. It was a tiring day after celebrating uncle’s birthday. 4. The untold story of our family was
revealed by my grandmother. 5. We reminisced the memories of our great grandfather’s ruined
house. B. Choose from the pool of answers the correct participle that will complete the thought
of the following sentences. Write the word in the line provided. listening

exciting

married

loving

spoken

1. “I love you,” those are the ___________ words of my caring father to us. 8

2. The best things that you give to a family member is the gift of a ___________ ear. 3. My
___________ aunt fixed our toys. 4. We were planning an ___________ adventure for our
family reunion. 5. The ___________ couple works for a living and looks after their children. C.
Identify the form of the following underlined participles. After the sentence write whether it is
Present Participle or Past Participle. 1. Tina’s grandmother prepared boiled eggs for breakfast.
2. Jenny’s stepsister told us an amusing story that nobody could believe. 3. I’ve got surprising
news for mother. 4. Spending time with family is the best relaxing vacation this year. 5. My
brother and sister are like twins because of their blond hair and freckled faces.

POSTTEST Choose the correct participle and write in the blank provided to complete the
sentence. 1.

The ___________ daughter gave joy to her parents. A. adopting B. adopted 2. The
___________ article was published at News.ABSCBN.Com. A. inspiring B. inspired 3. Everyone
deserves a ___________ family. A. respecting B. respected 4. Her parents said some
___________ words to her children. A. encouraging B. encouraged 5. The ___________ love of
the couple makes their relationship successful. A. committing B. committed

KEY TO CORRECTION

10

References Cathyducky. CC Search. Accessed July 30, 2020.

https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/e40f855c-ac9f47b3a7f1-70f8e13ac4e7. “Fallen
Autumn Leaves-3.” CC Search. Accessed July 30, 2020.
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/bd5a8317-1f9946b3899d-c1cfcb43ccca.
“Shattered Wine Glass.” CC Search. Accessed July 30, 2020.
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/0ca58a4a-a6c3456a94ab-6769d8e4e02a.
“Broken Chain.” CC Search. Accessed July 30, 2020.
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/03cd8a68-d20e4d82a95b-dff9f9efa3d5. “Burning
Candle.” CC Search. Accessed July 30, 2020.
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/71ff2004-b5684a9481e9-96f550b52d5d.
Adermark, Anders. “Burnt.” CC Search. Accessed July 30, 2020.
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/b11d5ef8-66d54806aaf3-67732dbcaf53. “What Is
a Verbal?: We Define Verbal & Verbal Examples.” Reading Worksheets, Spelling, Grammar,
Comprehension, Lesson Plans. Accessed July 30, 2020.
https://www.k12reader.com/term/verbals/. News, ABS-CBN. “US Couple Adopts Pinay Kid with
No Arms and Legs, Shares Touching Story.” ABS, March 4, 2017.
https://news.abs-cbn.com/life/03/04/17/us-couple-adopts-pinay-kidwithno-arms-and-legs-
shares-touching-story. 11

“Verbals .” Verbals. Accessed July 30, 2020. https://webapps.towson.edu/ows/verbals.html.

McCarthy, Kerry, and Name *. “Using Verbals and Verbal Phrases for Better Writing.” BKA
Content, November 19, 2015. https://www.bkacontent.com/using-verbals-better-writing/.

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