EEE223, Spring 2022

Signals and Systems

Dr. Saleem Akhtar
Department of Electrical & Computer
Engineering
CUI, Lahore
 Using Fourier Transform Properties
Recall that FT Properties can be used for:

1. Expanding use of the FT table

2. Understanding real-world concepts

Example Application of “Linearity of FT”: Suppose we need to find the FT of the

following signal…

We don’t see this on our table… so we should think brainstorm ways to use FT
properties to tackle it…

⚫ One way is to break 𝑥(𝑡) down into a sum of signals on our table!!!

[2]
 Using Fourier Transform Properties
Solution: 𝑥 𝑡 = 𝐴𝑝2 𝑡 + 1 − 𝐴𝑝2 𝑡 − 1

Linearity Property: ℱ 𝑥 𝑡 = 𝐴ℱ 𝑝2 𝑡 + 1 − 𝐴ℱ 𝑝2 𝑡 − 1
Time Shift Property: ℱ 𝑝2 𝑡 + 1 = 𝑃2 (𝜔)𝑒 𝑗𝜔
ℱ 𝑝2 𝑡 − 1 = 𝑃2 (𝜔)𝑒 −𝑗𝜔
𝑋 𝜔 = 𝐴𝑃2 𝜔 𝑒 𝑗𝜔 − 𝐴𝑃2 (𝜔)𝑒 −𝑗𝜔

𝑗𝜔 −𝑗𝜔
𝑒 𝑗𝜔 − 𝑒 −𝑗𝜔
𝑋 𝜔 = 𝐴𝑃2 𝜔 𝑒 −𝑒 = 𝐴𝑃2 𝜔 2𝑗 = 2𝐴𝑗𝑃2 𝜔 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜔)
2𝑗
𝑡 𝑡
Π = 𝑝𝜏 𝑡 𝑝2 𝑡 = Π
𝜏 2
𝑝2 𝑡 ↔ 𝑃2 𝜔
𝑡 𝜏
From Table: Π ↔ 𝜏sinc 𝜔
𝜏 2

𝑃2 𝜔 = 2 sinc 𝜔
𝑋 𝜔 = 4𝐴𝑗 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜔) 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐 𝜔

[3]
 Using Fourier Transform Properties
Example: Find FT of the signal 𝑥(𝑡)

Solution # 1:

𝐵
Note: 𝑥 𝑡 = 𝑝2 (𝑡) ∗ 𝑝2 (𝑡) 2

𝐵
Using Convolution Property: 𝑋 𝜔 = 2 𝑃2 𝜔 𝑃2 𝜔
𝑡 𝑡
Π = 𝑝𝜏 𝑡 𝑝2 𝑡 = Π
𝜏 2
𝑝2 𝑡 ↔ 𝑃2 𝜔
𝑡 𝜏
From Table: Π ↔ 𝜏sinc 𝜔
𝜏 2

𝑃2 𝜔 = 2 sinc 𝜔
𝐵
So 𝑋 𝜔 = 2 sinc 𝜔 × 2 sinc 𝜔 = 2𝐵 sinc 2 𝜔
2

[4]
 Using Fourier Transform Properties
Example:

𝑑𝑥
Solution # 2: Take to get
𝑑𝑡

𝑑2 𝑥
Take another derivative to get :
𝑑𝑡 2

Now by Linearity and ℱ 𝑥 𝑡 and Time Shift:

𝑑2 𝑥 𝐵 𝐵
ℱ = ℱ 𝛿(𝑡 + 2) − 𝐵ℱ 𝛿 𝑡 + ℱ 𝛿(𝑡 − 2)
𝑑𝑡 2 2 2

𝑑2 𝑥 𝐵 𝑗𝜔2 𝐵 −𝑗𝜔2 𝑒 𝑗𝜔2 + 𝑒 −𝑗𝜔2

ℱ 2
= 𝑒 −𝐵+ 𝑒 =𝐵 − 1 = 𝐵 cos 2𝜔 − 1 = −2𝐵 sin2 𝜔
𝑑𝑡 2 2 2

[5]
 Using Fourier Transform Properties
Example:

Solution # 2:

Now by derivative property:

𝑑2 𝑥 −1 𝑑2 𝑥
ℱ = 𝑗𝜔 2 𝑋 𝜔 = −𝜔2 𝑋 𝜔 ⇒ 𝑋 𝜔 = ℱ
𝑑𝑡 2 𝜔2 𝑑𝑡 2

−1 sin2 𝜔
𝑋 𝜔 = 2 −2𝐵 sin2 𝜔 = 2𝐵 = 2𝐵 sinc 2 𝜔
𝜔 𝜔2

𝑋 𝜔 = 2𝐵 sinc 2 𝜔 Same Result as Solution 1!!

[6]
 Using Fourier Transform Properties
Example : Suppose we need to find the FT of the following signal…

We don’t see this on our table… so we should think brainstorm ways to use FT
properties to tackle it…

⚫ One way is to break 𝑥(𝑡) down into a sum of signals on our table!!!

[7]
 Using Fourier Transform Properties
Break a complicated signal down into simple signals before finding FT:

𝑡 𝑡
Mathematically we write: 𝑥 𝑡 = Π 4
+Π
2
⇒ 𝑋 𝜔 = 𝑃4 𝜔 + 𝑃2 𝜔

From FT Table we have a known result for the FT of a pulse, so…

𝑋 𝜔 = 4 sinc 2𝜔 + 2 sinc 𝜔

[8]