I.E.S.

Sant Vicent
Departamento d’informática Unidad 5: Protocolos de xarxa i esquemes
Ciclo “Administració de sistemes informàtics en d’adreçament. Butlletí 2
xarxa”
Módul: Planificació i administracio de xarxes

Ajuda per als exercicis:

Classe Màscara Primer Nombre de

número direccions
locals
A /8 0 -127 16.777.216
B /16 128 -191 65.536
C /24 192 -223 256
D No té màscara 224-239 256
E No té màscara 240-255 256

Rang d'adreces IP Privades:

 10.0.0.0-10.255.255.255
 172.16.0.0-172.31.255.255
 192.168.0.0-192.168.255.255

1:.- Donades les següents adreces IP indica, per a cadascuna d'elles, la

definició de classe a la qual pertanyen, la seua adreça de xarxa, de broadcast,
el rang d'IP assignables, i si són públiques o privades.

Expliquem el primer exercici

Passem a binari l’adreça IP I la màscara I fem l’operació AND entre les dues per tal de calcular
l’adreça de xarxa
00001010.00000000.00000000.00000010 → 10.0.0.2
11111111.11111111.11000000.00000000 → 255.255.192.0
----------------------------------------------------------
00001010.00000000.00000000.00000000 → 10.0.0.0 (adreça de xarxa)

Una vegada tenim l’adreça de xarxa per a calcular l’adreça de broadcast, passem els bits de
hosts a 1 i tornem a passar a decimal, per tant:

00001010.00000000.00111111.11111111 → 10.0.63.255 (adreça de broadcast)

El primer i últim host del rang es calculen de la següent manera, també a partir de l’adreça de
xarxa:
00001010.00000000.00000000.00000001 → 10.0.0.1 (primer host)
00001010.00000000.00111111.11111110 → 10.0.63.254 (últim host)

Es tracta d’un IP privada i de classe A ja que el primer dígit és 10 i resulta ser una
subxarxa de la 255.0.0.0 a la 255.255.192.0
Deixe, a continuació totes les solucions als exercicis

10.0.0.2 255.255.192.0 Subxarxa de Casse A, privada

Address: 10.0.0.2 00001010.00000000.00 000000.00000010

Netmask: 255.255.192.0 = 18 11111111.11111111.11 000000.00000000
Network: 10.0.0.0/18 00001010.00000000.00 000000.00000000
HostMin: 10.0.0.1 00001010.00000000.00 000000.00000001
HostMax: 10.0.63.254 00001010.00000000.00 111111.11111110
Broadcast: 10.0.63.255 00001010.00000000.00 111111.11111111
Hosts/Net: 16382
ClasseA Private Internet

56.78.9.0 255.255.255.128 Subxarxa de Classe A, pública

Address: 56.78.9.0 00111000.01001110.00001001.0 0000000

Netmask: 255.255.255.128 = 25 11111111.11111111.11111111.1 0000000
Network: 56.78.9.0/25 00111000.01001110.00001001.0 0000000
HostMin: 56.78.9.1 00111000.01001110.00001001.0 0000001
HostMax: 56.78.9.126 00111000.01001110.00001001.0 1111110
Broadcast: 56.78.9.127 00111000.01001110.00001001.0 1111111
Hosts/Net: 126

123.4.57.89/12 Subxarxa de classe A, pública

Address: 123.4.57.89 01111011.0000 0100.00111001.01011001
Netmask: 255.240.0.0 = 12 11111111.11110000.00000000.00000000
Network: 123.0.0.0/12 01111011.00000000.00000000.00000000
HostMin: 123.0.0.1 01111011.00000000.00000000.00000001
HostMax: 123.15.255.254 01111011.0000 1111.11111111.11111110
Broadcast: 123.15.255.255 01111011.0000 1111.11111111.11111111
Hosts/Net: 1048574

1.98.76.45/26 Subxarxa de Classe A, pública

Address: 1.98.76.45 00000001.01100010.01001100.00 101101

Netmask: 255.255.255.192 = 26 11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000
Network: 1.98.76.0/26 00000001.01100010.01001100.00000000
HostMin: 1.98.76.1 00000001.01100010.01001100.00 000001
HostMax: 1.98.76.62 00000001.01100010.01001100.00 111110
Broadcast: 1.98.76.63 00000001.01100010.01001100.00 111111
Hosts/Net: 62
143.34.88.96/14 Pública. Originalment és B però com que té una màscara
inferior a /16 considerem que és una superxarxa de classe B.

Address: 143.34.88.96 10001111.001000 10.01011000.01100000

Netmask: 255.252.0.0 = 14 11111111.11111100.00000000.00000000
Network: 143.32.0.0/14 10001111.00100000.00000000.00000000
HostMin: 143.32.0.1 10001111.001000 00.00000000.00000001
HostMax: 143.35.255.254 10001111.001000 11.11111111.11111110
Broadcast: 143.35.255.255 10001111.001000 11.11111111.11111111
Hosts/Net: 262142

192.168.45.45/17 Privada. Originalment és de classe C, però com que tè una

màscara de grandària inferior a /24 considerem que és una superxarxa de
classe C.

Address: 192.168.45.45 11000000.10101000.0 0101101.00101101

Netmask: 255.255.128.0 = 17 11111111.11111111.1 0000000.00000000
Network: 192.168.0.0/17 11000000.10101000.0 0000000.00000000
HostMin: 192.168.0.1 11000000.10101000.0 0000000.00000001
HostMax: 192.168.127.254 11000000.10101000.0 1111111.11111110
Broadcast: 192.168.127.255 11000000.10101000.0 1111111.11111111
Hosts/Net: 32766 Private Internet

65.3.8.4/11 subxarxa de classe A, pública

Address: 65.3.8.4 01000001.000 00011.00001000.00000100

Netmask: 255.224.0.0 = 11 11111111.111 00000.00000000.00000000
Network: 65.0.0.0/11 01000001.000 00000.00000000.00000000
HostMin: 65.0.0.1 01000001.000 00000.00000000.00000001
HostMax: 65.31.255.254 01000001.000 11111.11111111.11111110
Broadcast: 65.31.255.255 01000001.000 11111.11111111.11111111
Hosts/Net: 2097150

157.223.245.255 255.255.255.224 subxarxa de classe B, pública

Address: 157.223.245.255 10011101.11011111.11110101.111 11111

Netmask: 255.255.255.224 = 27 11111111.11111111.11111111.111 00000
Network: 157.223.245.224/27 10011101.11011111.11110101.111 00000
HostMin: 157.223.245.225 10011101.11011111.11110101.111 00001
HostMax: 157.223.245.254 10011101.11011111.11110101.111 11110
Broadcast: 157.223.245.255 10011101.11011111.11110101.111 11111
Hosts/Net: 30

240.254.28.19 255.240.0.0 classe E, pública

Address: 240.254.28.19 11110000.1111 1110.00011100.00010011

Netmask: 255.240.0.0 = 12 11111111.1111 0000.00000000.00000000
Network: 240.240.0.0/12 11110000.1111 0000.00000000.00000000
HostMin: 240.240.0.1 11110000.1111 0000.00000000.00000001
HostMax: 240.255.255.254 11110000.1111 1111.11111111.11111110
Broadcast: 240.255.255.255 11110000.1111 1111.11111111.11111111
Hosts/Net: 1048574 C

235.87.48.75/18 classe D, pública

Address: 235.87.48.75 11101011.01010111.00 110000.01001011

Netmask: 255.255.192.0 = 18 11111111.11111111.11 000000.00000000
Network: 235.87.0.0/18 11101011.01010111.00 000000.00000000
HostMin: 235.87.0.1 11101011.01010111.00 000000.00000001
HostMax: 235.87.63.254 11101011.01010111.00 111111.11111110
Broadcast: 235.87.63.255 11101011.01010111.00 111111.11111111
Hosts/Net: 16382, Multicast

54.38.92.0/24 subxarxa de classe A, pública

Address: 54.38.92.0 00110110.00100110.01011100. 00000000

Netmask: 255.255.255.0 = 24 11111111.11111111.11111111. 00000000
Network: 54.38.92.0/24 00110110.00100110.01011100. 00000000
HostMin: 54.38.92.1 00110110.00100110.01011100. 00000001
HostMax: 54.38.92.254 00110110.00100110.01011100. 11111110
Broadcast: 54.38.92.255 00110110.00100110.01011100. 11111111
Hosts/Net: 254

196.93.84.65/19 Pública. Originalment és classe C, però com que tè una

màscara inferior a /24 considerem que és una superxarxa de classe C.

Address: 196.93.84.65 11000100.01011101.010 10100.01000001

Netmask: 255.255.224.0 = 19 11111111.11111111.111 00000.00000000
Network: 196.93.64.0/19 11000100.01011101.010 00000.00000000
HostMin: 196.93.64.1 11000100.01011101.010 00000.00000001
HostMax: 196.93.95.254 11000100.01011101.010 11111.11111110
Broadcast: 196.93.95.255 11000100.01011101.010 11111.11111111
Hosts/Net: 8190

172.19.32.67/15 Privada, superxarxa de classe B

Address: 172.19.32.67 10101100.0001001 1.00100000.01000011

Netmask: 255.254.0.0 = 15 11111111.1111111 0.00000000.00000000
Network: 172.18.0.0/15 10101100.0001001 0.00000000.00000000
HostMin: 172.18.0.1 10101100.0001001 0.00000000.00000001
HostMax: 172.19.255.254 10101100.0001001 1.11111111.11111110
Broadcast: 172.19.255.255 10101100.0001001 1.11111111.11111111
Hosts/Net: 131070 , Private Internet
10.0.255.6/12 subxarxa de classe A, privada

Address: 10.0.255.6 00001010.0000 0000.11111111.00000110

Netmask: 255.240.0.0 = 12 11111111.1111 0000.00000000.00000000
Network: 10.0.0.0/12 00001010.0000 0000.00000000.00000000
HostMin: 10.0.0.1 00001010.0000 0000.00000000.00000001
HostMax: 10.15.255.254 00001010.0000 1111.11111111.11111110
Broadcast: 10.15.255.255 00001010.0000 1111.11111111.11111111
Hosts/Net: 1048574 , Private Internet

166.77.44.55/28 subxarxa de classe B, pública

Address: 166.77.44.55 10100110.01001101.00101100.0011 0111

Netmask: 255.255.255.240 = 28 11111111.11111111.11111111.1111 0000
Network: 166.77.44.48/28 10100110.01001101.00101100.0011 0000
HostMin: 166.77.44.49 10100110.01001101.00101100.0011 0001
HostMax: 166.77.44.62 10100110.01001101.00101100.0011 1110
Broadcast: 166.77.44.63 10100110.01001101.00101100.0011 1111
Hosts/Net: 14

84.32.32.10/24 subxarxa de classe A, pública

Address: 84.32.32.10 01010100.00100000.00100000. 00001010

Netmask: 255.255.255.0 = 24 11111111.11111111.11111111. 00000000
Network: 84.32.32.0/24 01010100.00100000.00100000. 00000000
HostMin: 84.32.32.1 01010100.00100000.00100000. 00000001
HostMax: 84.32.32.254 01010100.00100000.00100000. 11111110
Broadcast: 84.32.32.255 01010100.00100000.00100000. 11111111
Hosts/Net: 254

32.45.67.89/30 subxarxa de classe A, pública

Address: 32.45.67.89 00100000.00101101.01000011.010110 01

Netmask: 255.255.255.252 = 30 11111111.11111111.11111111.111111 00
Wildcard: 0.0.0.3 00000000.00000000.00000000.000000 11 =>
Network: 32.45.67.88/30 00100000.00101101.01000011.010110 00
HostMin: 32.45.67.89 00100000.00101101.01000011.010110 01
HostMax: 32.45.67.90 00100000.00101101.01000011.010110 10
Broadcast: 32.45.67.91 00100000.00101101.01000011.010110 11
Hosts/Net: 2

98.99.74.23/16 subxarxa de classe A, pública

Address: 98.99.74.23 01100010.01100011. 01001010.00010111

Netmask: 255.255.0.0 = 16 11111111.11111111. 00000000.00000000
Wildcard: 0.0.255.255 00000000.00000000. 11111111.11111111 =>
Network: 98.99.0.0/16 01100010.01100011. 00000000.00000000
HostMin: 98.99.0.1 01100010.01100011. 00000000.00000001
HostMax: 98.99.255.254 01100010.01100011. 11111111.11111110
Broadcast: 98.99.255.255 01100010.01100011. 11111111.11111111
Hosts/Net: 65534

200.215.167.198/25 subxarxa de classe C, pública

Address: 200.215.167.198 11001000.11010111.10100111.1 1000110

Netmask: 255.255.255.128 = 25 11111111.11111111.11111111.1 0000000
Wildcard: 0.0.0.127 00000000.00000000.00000000.0 1111111 =>
Network: 200.215.167.128/25 11001000.11010111.10100111.1 0000000
HostMin: 200.215.167.129 11001000.11010111.10100111.1 0000001
HostMax: 200.215.167.254 11001000.11010111.10100111.1 1111110
Broadcast: 200.215.167.255 11001000.11010111.10100111.1 1111111
Hosts/Net: 126

206.199.187.157/10 superxarxa de classe C, pública

Address: 206.199.187.157 11001110.11 000111.10111011.10011101

Netmask: 255.192.0.0 = 10 11111111.11 000000.00000000.00000000
Wildcard: 0.63.255.255 00000000.00 111111.11111111.11111111 =>
Network: 206.192.0.0/10 11001110.11 000000.00000000.00000000
HostMin: 206.192.0.1 11001110.11 000000.00000000.00000001
HostMax: 206.255.255.254 11001110.11 111111.11111111.11111110
Broadcast: 206.255.255.255 11001110.11 111111.11111111.11111111
Hosts/Net: 4194302

166.198.3.0/26 subxarxa de classe B, pública

Address: 166.198.3.0 10100110.11000110.00000011.00 000000

Netmask: 255.255.255.192 = 26 11111111.11111111.11111111.11 000000
Wildcard: 0.0.0.63 00000000.00000000.00000000.00 111111 => Network:
166.198.3.0/26 10100110.11000110.00000011.00 000000
HostMin: 166.198.3.1 10100110.11000110.00000011.00 000001
HostMax: 166.198.3.62 10100110.11000110.00000011.00 111110
Broadcast: 166.198.3.63 10100110.11000110.00000011.00 111111
Hosts/Net: 62

178.12.45.195/4 superxarxa de classe B, pública

Address: 178.12.45.195 1011 0010.00001100.00101101.11000011

Netmask: 240.0.0.0 = 4 1111 0000.00000000.00000000.00000000
Wildcard: 15.255.255.255 0000 1111.11111111.11111111.11111111 =>
Network: 176.0.0.0/4 1011 0000.00000000.00000000.00000000
HostMin: 176.0.0.1 1011 0000.00000000.00000000.00000001
HostMax: 191.255.255.254 1011 1111.11111111.11111111.11111110
Broadcast: 191.255.255.255 1011 1111.11111111.11111111.11111111
Hosts/Net: 268435454

111.65.207.204/17 subxarxa de classe A, publica

Address: 111.65.207.204 01101111.01000001.1 1001111.11001100
Netmask: 255.255.128.0 = 17 11111111.11111111.1 0000000.00000000
Wildcard: 0.0.127.255 00000000.00000000.0 1111111.11111111 =>
Network: 111.65.128.0/17 01101111.01000001.1 0000000.00000000
HostMin: 111.65.128.1 01101111.01000001.1 0000000.00000001
HostMax: 111.65.255.254 01101111.01000001.1 1111111.11111110
Broadcast: 111.65.255.255 01101111.01000001.1 1111111.11111111
Hosts/Net: 32766

56.179.23.4/18 subxarxa de classe A, pública

Address: 56.179.23.4 00111000.10110011.00 010111.00000100

Netmask: 255.255.192.0 = 18 11111111.11111111.11 000000.00000000
Wildcard: 0.0.63.255 00000000.00000000.00 111111.11111111 =>
Network: 56.179.0.0/18 00111000.10110011.00 000000.00000000
HostMin: 56.179.0.1 00111000.10110011.00 000000.00000001
HostMax: 56.179.63.254 00111000.10110011.00 111111.11111110
Broadcast: 56.179.63.255 00111000.10110011.00 111111.11111111
Hosts/Net: 16382

222.243.218.219/15 superxarxa de classe C, pública

Address: 222.243.218.219 11011110.1111001 1.11011010.11011011

Netmask: 255.254.0.0 = 15 11111111.1111111 0.00000000.00000000
Wildcard: 0.1.255.255 00000000.0000000 1.11111111.11111111 =>
Network: 222.242.0.0/15 11011110.1111001 0.00000000.00000000
HostMin: 222.242.0.1 11011110.1111001 0.00000000.00000001
HostMax: 222.243.255.254 11011110.1111001 1.11111111.11111110
Broadcast: 222.243.255.255 11011110.1111001 1.11111111.11111111
Hosts/Net: 131070

132.42.253.240/25 subxarxa de classe B, pública

Address: 132.42.253.240 10000100.00101010.11111101.1 1110000

Netmask: 255.255.255.128 = 25 11111111.11111111.11111111.1 0000000
Wildcard: 0.0.0.127 00000000.00000000.00000000.0 1111111 =>
Network: 132.42.253.128/25 10000100.00101010.11111101.1 0000000
HostMin: 132.42.253.129 10000100.00101010.11111101.1 0000001
HostMax: 132.42.253.254 10000100.00101010.11111101.1 1111110
Broadcast: 132.42.253.255 10000100.00101010.11111101.1 1111111
Hosts/Net: 126

128.92.35.6/13 superxarxa de classe B, pública

Address: 128.92.35.6 10000000.01011 100.00100011.00000110
Netmask: 255.248.0.0 = 13 11111111.11111 000.00000000.00000000
Wildcard: 0.7.255.255 00000000.00000 111.11111111.11111111 =>
Network: 128.88.0.0/13 10000000.01011 000.00000000.00000000
HostMin: 128.88.0.1 10000000.01011 000.00000000.00000001
HostMax: 128.95.255.254 10000000.01011 111.11111111.11111110
Broadcast: 128.95.255.255 10000000.01011 111.11111111.11111111
Hosts/Net: 524286

179.192.32.4/6 superxarxa de la classe B, púbica

Address: 179.192.32.4 101100 11.11000000.00100000.00000100
Netmask: 252.0.0.0 = 6 111111 00.00000000.00000000.00000000
Wildcard: 3.255.255.255 000000 11.11111111.11111111.11111111 =>
Network: 176.0.0.0/6 101100 00.00000000.00000000.00000000
HostMin: 176.0.0.1 101100 00.00000000.00000000.00000001
HostMax: 179.255.255.254 101100 11.11111111.11111111.11111110
Broadcast: 179.255.255.255 101100 11.11111111.11111111.11111111
Hosts/Net: 67108862

198.123.25.3/30 subxarxa de classe C, pública

Address: 198.123.25.3 11000110.01111011.00011001.000000 11

Netmask: 255.255.255.252 = 30 11111111.11111111.11111111.111111 00
Wildcard: 0.0.0.3 00000000.00000000.00000000.000000 11 =>
Network: 198.123.25.0/30 11000110.01111011.00011001.000000 00
HostMin: 198.123.25.1 11000110.01111011.00011001.000000 01
HostMax: 198.123.25.2 11000110.01111011.00011001.000000 10
Broadcast: 198.123.25.3 11000110.01111011.00011001.000000 11
Hosts/Net: 2

10.0.123.15/24 subxarxa de classe A, privada

Address: 10.0.123.15 00001010.00000000.01111011. 00001111

Netmask: 255.255.255.0 = 24 11111111.11111111.11111111. 00000000
Wildcard: 0.0.0.255 00000000.00000000.00000000. 11111111 =>
Network: 10.0.123.0/24 00001010.00000000.01111011. 00000000
HostMin: 10.0.123.1 00001010.00000000.01111011. 00000001
HostMax: 10.0.123.254 00001010.00000000.01111011. 11111110
Broadcast: 10.0.123.255 00001010.00000000.01111011. 11111111
Hosts/Net: 254 Private Internet