PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY

INSTITUTE OF TEACHING AND LEARNING

Grade 4 MATHEMATICS
Lesson Plan on Major parts and functions of the Muscular System
Prepared by: Balce, Sheena Patricia L.
Date of Implementation: December 14, 2023

ESSENTIAL
THEME Subtheme Thematic Competency
QUESTION

My Environment Conservation What problems pose Evaluate the different environmental

a threat to the problems/issues to be addressed to plan
environment? for sustainability measures.

1
CONTENT, STANDARDS, AND COMPETENCIES

CONTENT CONTENT PERFORMANCE CODE COMPETENCIES

STANDARDS STANDARDS

Parts and Functions The learners The learners should Describe the main S4LTIIa-b-1
of the Human Body demonstrate an be able to… function of the major

T understanding of…
how the major
internal organs such
as the brain, heart,
lungs, liver, stomach,
intestines, kidneys,
construct a
prototype model of
an organism that has
body parts that can
survive in a given
environment
organs
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bones, and muscles
keep the body healthy

GCED INTEGRATION

ATTRIBUTES OUTCOMES ELABORATED TOPICS SDG

ATTRIBUTES

LA1 LO1 A1- Informed and T9 SDG 2: Good

Health and
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Know about local, Learners acquire critically literate Getting engaged

national, and global knowledge and and taking action Well-Being
issues, governance understanding of local,
systems, and national, and global
structures issues and the
interconnectedness
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and interdependency
of different countries
and populations.

Preliminaries

2nd Quarter Topic: Major parts and functions of

Muscular System

Objectives: Key Ideas:

At the end of a 1-hour learning session, the learners will be
able to:
C1: identify the types of voluntary and involuntary muscles;
skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles;
1. The muscular System is an organ system
consisting of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac
muscle. It permits movement of the body,
maintains posture, and generates heat.
2. Voluntary Muscles are muscles that operate
under conscious control.
PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF TEACHING AND LEARNING
Grade 4 MATHEMATICS

P1: explain the functions of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac a. Skeletal Muscles - These are the
muscles; and muscles that attach to bones and
A1: explain the importance of knowing the ways to take care produce movement at the joints.
of our muscles. 3. Involuntary Muscles are the muscles, that
operate automatically, without conscious
effort.
a. Smooth Muscles are muscles that
can be found in the hollow walls of
the body organs
b. Cardiac Muscles are muscles of the
heart.
4. Diseases in Muscles
a. Poliomyelitis is characterized by the
inflammation of the muscle fibers

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affecting primarily the muscles in the
shoulders, upper limbs, pelvis, and
thighs.
b. Muscular Dystrophy is a disease
characterized by the muscles
gradually weakening until they stop
functioning correctly.

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Materials:

Video
PowerPoint Presentation
Cartolina
References:

Grade 4: Muscles and Skin. (n.d.). A.T. Still University |

Osteopathic Medical School | ATSU.
https://www.atsu.edu/pdf/Gr4_MuscleSkin.pdf
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White Board Marker
Llego, M. A. (2022, August 21). Grade 4 science most
essential learning competencies (MELCs). TeacherPH.
https://www.teacherph.com/grade-4-science-melcs/

Learning Activities

Teacher’s Activity Pupil’s Response

Good afternoon, Grade 4 - Matiyaga! Good morning, teacher. Have a happy day!
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Cleanliness and Orderliness

Before you sit down, please pick up the papers
and trash under your chair.

Checking of Attendance None, teacher!

Do we have absentees for today? Please check
your seatmates and tell me if they are absent.
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Wonderful, I am happy that all of you are present.

Before proceeding to our activity, let us first recall (The students will recite the classroom
Routines our classroom rules. rules.)
5 minutes
Classroom Rules
PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF TEACHING AND LEARNING
Grade 4 MATHEMATICS

Review (Activity #1)

For our first activity, entitled Who am I? I want

1
you to identify what part of the body is in the
picture.

T The students will begin to do the activity.

● Mouth
● Intestines
● Heart
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● Arms
● Legs

Excellent class, all of you are able to identify the

part of the body I have presented.

Give yourselves three claps.

For you to be energized, let’s stand and dance

together with the music girl in the mirror. Do you
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know that song and steps? Yes teacher!

Motivation (Activity #2)

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M (The students will start to dance.)

Motivation
5 minutes
https://youtu.be/v7zTVdJn-gc?feature=shared

Very good class, all of you are great dancers.

What part of the body are we using when we Body, head, hands, and legs.
are dancing?

Are you wondering how or what is the reason Yes, teacher. It is all because of Muscles.
why we can move these body parts?
PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF TEACHING AND LEARNING
Grade 4 MATHEMATICS

For you to know more about our lesson for today,

let’s have the next activity.

Explore (Activity #3)

1
Each group will be given a worksheet. Your
worksheet has pictures showing different
positions or actions that you need to copy or do
for you to answer the following questions.

T (The teacher will distribute the worksheet to

each group)

For group…
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Group 1: Jumping Jacks

Expected Answers:

E
Group 1: Jumping Jocks 10 times.
1. Arms and Legs
2. The muscles are numbing and feel
tired.
Explore 3. It is fast.
10 minutes
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Group 2: Do squat

Group 2: Do squat
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1. Arms and Legs

2. The muscles of my legs and arms
are lingering and hardened.
3. My breathing is just normal.
PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF TEACHING AND LEARNING
Grade 4 MATHEMATICS

Group 3: Lift three books above the head.

Group 3: Lift three books above the head. 1. Arms
2. The muscles of my arms are getting
tired and it is lingering.
3. My breathing is at a normal pace.

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Group 4: Do four push-ups
1. Arms and Legs

T Group 4: Run in place. 2. The muscles in the arms and legs

are stiff and feel tired.
3. My breathing was faster.
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After doing the position or action in 30 seconds to

1 minute you need to answer the following
questions.

1. What part of the body is the most used in

doing the picture?
2. What do you feel in your muscles while
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doing the activity?

3. How’s your breathing after the activity?

After answering the questions, please choose one

representative to discuss your answers.

(The students will do the Aling Dionisia

Thank you class for sharing what you feel after Clap)
doing the activity. Give yourselves an Aling
Dionisia Clap.

From the activity we did, what do you think is our Muscular System

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topic for today?

For today’s session, you will be able to learn the

PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF TEACHING AND LEARNING
Grade 4 MATHEMATICS

Discuss following.
20 minutes
Learning Objectives

1
The students will read the learning
objectives in chorus.
Please read the slide.

T
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Let’s now start discussing the major organs in the
muscular system in our body.

Definition of Muscular System

What is a Muscular System?
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D

The muscular system is an organ system

consisting of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac
muscle. It permits movement of the body,
Who wants to read about the muscular system? maintains posture, and generates heat.

(The teacher will present the diagram of the

human body.)

Muscles make up most of everything underneath

the skin. This is the tissue that makes up the
heart, body organs, and skeletal muscles. Our
muscles are made up of different parts, especially,
the muscle fibers.

(The teacher will present the visual aid of

muscle fiber)
PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF TEACHING AND LEARNING
Grade 4 MATHEMATICS

These fibers are grouped into bundles of around

150 fibers in each bundle. Our muscles are the
reason why we can move because they give us
power.

There are two kind of muscle. The first one is the

Voluntary muscle.

Definition of Voluntary Muscles

1
T Please read what are voluntary muscles.

Whose action is normally controlled by an

individual's will. Voluntary muscles are moving
are muscles that operate under conscious
control.
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because our brain tells them or sends signals for
them to move. For example, when we are sitting,
jumping, and walking. We are aware while doing
these activities because our brain tells us to
perform that action.

Definition of Skeletal Muscles.

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D

Please read the main function of Skeletal Muscles.

These are the muscles that attach to bones
and produce movement at the joints.
The skeletal muscles are an example of voluntary
muscles. These are muscles that lie under our
skin. The skeletal muscles are connected to the
skeleton because of the tendons. The reason why
we can move. We control skeletal muscles
directly with the signals in our brains.
PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF TEACHING AND LEARNING
Grade 4 MATHEMATICS

Definition of Involuntary Muscles

1
Please read what are voluntary muscles. These are the muscles, that operate
automatically, without conscious effort.

The involuntary muscles are muscles that move

even without your brain ordering you to do so.

T These muscles work “automatically” to keep us

healthy even when we are asleep

Definition of Smooth muscle

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Muscles control the internal systems of our body,
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such as the digestive, urinary, respiratory, and

reproductive systems. Body chemicals in our
nervous systems are the one that controls these
muscles.

Definition of Cardiac Muscle

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Please read what is cardiac muscle. It is a muscle located in our heart. It is the
reason why blood enters and out of our
hearts.

The cardiac muscle is responsible for the

PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF TEACHING AND LEARNING
Grade 4 MATHEMATICS

contractility of the heart and, therefore, the

pumping action.

GCED INTEGRATION

Muscle Diseases
Different countries in the world are experiencing
problems regarding health. One of these issues is
the diseases in muscles.

1
Our muscles help us perform different activities
and things we love. What do you think will
happen if we do not have healthy muscles?
We will have a hard time moving.

T Poliomyelitis and Muscular Dystrophy are two of

the diseases that affect the function of muscles.
Are you familiar with these diseases?

Let’s first discuss Poliomyelitis

No, teacher.
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● Poliomyelitis
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Please read what is Poliomyelitis.

It is characterized by the inflammation of
the muscle fibers affecting primarily the
Poliomyelitis also known as polio is a highly muscles in the shoulders, upper limbs,
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contagious disease of the muscle caused by a pelvis, and thighs.

virus. Meaning it can be transmitted by having
direct contact with a person who has polio.

The next muscular disease is Muscular Dystrophy.

● Muscular Dystrophy
PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF TEACHING AND LEARNING
Grade 4 MATHEMATICS

What is Muscular Dystrophy? Please read the

slide.

Is a disease characterized by the muscles

gradually weakening until they stop
functioning correctly.
Muscular Dystrophy happens because the body
of a person stops or does not produce enough
proteins to build healthy muscles.b A person that
has MD gradually loses the ability to do things like
walking, sitting, and moving. Additionally, we all
know that the heart is made up of muscles., it
also becomes weak and unable to pump blood. A
person who has MD also has difficulty in

1
breathing.

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Ways of taking care of Muscles
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1. Eat foods rich in protein and minerals.

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Eating foods rich in protein and minerals will

keep our muscles healthy and strong and provide
them with energy. Fish, eggs, milk, cheese, and
meats are examples of these foods. However, we
should make sure to eat balanced meals that
include these foods.

2. Exercise and be physically active to

keep the muscles in good shape.
Playing games, walking, jogging, and doing
sports are some of the activities you can do to
exercise your muscles. We should lower our
screen time and get involved in activities that
require movement.

3. Recharge and repair your muscles by

taking a rest.
PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF TEACHING AND LEARNING
Grade 4 MATHEMATICS

Our muscles also need to be recharged and

repaired by taking a rest. We need to rest our
muscles for them to be able to prepare for the
next day’s activities.

THEMATIC INTEGRATION

1
T
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Do you know that animals also have muscles that
help them move and survive in our environment?
The plants and trees also have stems, branches,
and trunk that supports them to grow. All of
these living organisms also need to be taken care
of to maintain them in good health and beauty,
especially, to balance our ecosystem.

Generalizations
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Before proceeding to our next topic, let’s have a

summary of our discussion.
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The muscular system has two types voluntary and

involuntary muscles. Under the voluntary
muscles, we have skeletal muscles, which are
muscles that need the brain to perform an action.
While involuntary muscles include smooth and
cardiac muscles that perform actions
automatically to keep our body healthy. We need
to eat food rich in protein and minerals, exercise,
and take a rest to maintain our muscles in good
PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF TEACHING AND LEARNING
Grade 4 MATHEMATICS

health.

(The teacher will first discuss the assignment

before proceeding to the quiz.)

You will have an assignment, which will be posted

on your Google Classroom. Your assignment is
entitled Sketching Muscles. You're going to
search and draw the image of the three types of
muscles in our body and answer the following
questions.

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Innovate
5 minutes
Assignment: Sketching Muscles
Directions: Draw the three types of muscles and
answer the following questions.
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A
Assess
To check if you really understand our topic for
15 minutes
today, you are now going to have your quiz.
Please bring out your pen.

(The teacher will now distribute the quiz.)

Answer your quiz silently.

Part 1: (Cognitive and Psychomotor)

PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF TEACHING AND LEARNING
Grade 4 MATHEMATICS

Directions: Read and identify the words that are

being described in the question.

1. What is a type of muscle that is responsible

for the circulation of blood throughout the
body?
a. cardiac muscles
b. skeletal muscles
c. smooth muscles
d. voluntary muscles

2. What are the muscles that are under the

involuntary muscles?
a. cardiac muscles and skeletal muscles

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b. cardiac muscles and smooth muscles
c. smooth muscles and skeletal muscles
d. skeletal muscles and voluntary muscles

3. Which of the following activities describes the

function of skeletal muscles?
a. helps with digestion
b. helps with breathing

T 4.
c. responsible for pumping action
d. responsible for movement and posture

Which of the following statements describes

voluntary muscles?
Part 1
1. A
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a. It operates automatically. 2. B
b. Muscles that operate under conscious 3. D
control. 4. B
c. The muscles are operating because of 5. D
body chemicals in our nervous systems.
d. The muscle that moves without the
brain’s signal. Part 2

5. Which of the following statements describes
involuntary movements?
a. It produces heat that our body needs.
b. Muscles that do not move without brain
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Eating foods rich in proteins and minerals is
one of the ways to take care of our muscles.
Foods that are rich in proteins and minerals
will make our muscles strong and will give

signals. us energy.
c. The muscles that move without body
chemicals. Doing exercise will help in strengthening
d. It operates automatically without our muscles. It will also send nutrients and
conscious decision or direction. oxygen to our muscles. Exercise is also
helpful in our heart and lungs.
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Part 2 (Affective)
Directions: List one way of taking care of our Taking a rest is important to our muscles. It
muscles and explain why it is important for us to will heal the muscles and make them ready
do it. for tomorrow.

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