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(Download PDF) Chemistry 13Th Edition Raymond Chang Online Ebook All Chapter PDF
(Download PDF) Chemistry 13Th Edition Raymond Chang Online Ebook All Chapter PDF
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1 18
1A 8A
1 11 Atomic number 2
H Na He
Hydrogen 2 Sodium 13 14 15 16 17 Helium
1.008 2A 22.99 Atomic mass 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A 4.003
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be B C N O F Ne
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
6.941 9.012 10.81 12.01 14.01 16.00 19.00 20.18
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
Sodium Magnesium 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Aluminum Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
22.99 24.31 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 1B 2B 26.98 28.09 30.97 32.07 35.45 39.95
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
39.10 40.08 44.96 47.88 50.94 52.00 54.94 55.85 58.93 58.69 63.55 65.39 69.72 72.59 74.92 78.96 79.90 83.80
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
85.47 87.62 88.91 91.22 92.91 95.94 (98) 101.1 102.9 106.4 107.9 112.4 114.8 118.7 121.8 127.6 126.9 131.3
55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
Cesium Barium Lanthanum Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
132.9 137.3 138.9 178.5 180.9 183.9 186.2 190.2 192.2 195.1 197.0 200.6 204.4 207.2 209.0 (210) (210) (222)
87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
Francium Radium Actinium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
(223) (226) (227) (257) (260) (263) (262) (265) (266) (269) (272) (285) (286) (289) (290) (293) (294) (294)
Metals
58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium
Metalloids 140.1 140.9 144.2 (147) 150.4 152.0 157.3 158.9 162.5 164.9 167.3 168.9 173.0 175.0
The 1–18 group designation has been recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) but is not yet in wide use. In this text we use the
standard U.S. notation for group numbers (1A–8A and 1B–8B). In 2011 IUPAC revised the atomic masses of some elements. The changes are minor and they are not
adopted in the present edition of this text.
The Elements with Their Symbols and Atomic Masses*
*All atomic masses have four significant figures. These values are recommended by the Committee on Teaching of Chemistry, International Union of Pure and
Applied Chemistry.
†
Approximate values of atomic masses for radioactive elements are given in parentheses.
CHEMISTRY
Raymond Chang
Williams College
Jason Overby
College of Charleston
CHEMISTRY, THIRTEENTH EDITION
Published by McGraw-Hill Education, 2 Penn Plaza, New York, NY 10121. Copyright © 2019 by
McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Previous editions
© 2016, 2013, and 2010. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by
any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill
Education, including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or
broadcast for distance learning.
Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to customers outside the
United States.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 LWI 21 20 19 18 17 18
ISBN 978-1-259-91115-6
MHID 1-259-91115-2
All credits appearing on page or at the end of the book are considered to be an extension of the copyright page.
The Internet addresses listed in the text were accurate at the time of publication. The inclusion of a
website does not indicate an endorsement by the authors or McGraw-Hill Education, and McGraw-Hill
Education does not guarantee the accuracy of the information presented at these sites.
mheducation.com/highered
About the Authors
iii
Contents in Brief
iv
Contents
v
vi Contents
Gases 174
5.1 Substances That Exist as Gases 175
5.2 Pressure of a Gas 177
5.3 The Gas Laws 180
5.4 The Ideal Gas Equation 186
5.5 Gas Stoichiometry 195
5.6 Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures 197
CHEMISTRY in Action
Scuba Diving and the Gas Laws 202
Thermochemistry 230
6.1 The Nature of Energy and Types of Energy 231
6.2 Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions 232
6.3 Introduction to Thermodynamics 234
CHEMISTRY in Action
Making Snow and Inflating a Bicycle Tire 240
Periodic Relationships
Among the Elements 326
8.1 Development of the Periodic Table 327
8.2 Periodic Classification of the Elements 329
8.3 Periodic Variation in Physical Properties 333
8.4 Ionization Energy 339
CHEMISTRY in Action
The Third Liquid Element? 340
Chemical Bonding I:
Basic Concepts 366
9.1 Lewis Dot Symbols 367
9.2 The Ionic Bond 368
9.3 Lattice Energy of Ionic Compounds 370
CHEMISTRY in Action
Sodium Chloride—A Common and Important
Ionic Compound 374
CHEMISTRY in Action
Why Do Lakes Freeze from the Top Down? 473
©Anna Kireieva/Shutterstock
11.4 Crystal Structure 474
11.5 X-Ray Diffraction by Crystals 480
11.6 Types of Crystals 482
CHEMISTRY in Action
High-Temperature Superconductors 484
CHEMISTRY in Action
And All for the Want of a Button 488
Contents xi
CHEMISTRY in Action
Liquid Crystals 500
CHEMICAL MYSTERY
The Wrong Knife 554
xii Contents
13.4
Activation Energy and Temperature Dependence
of Rate Constants 582
13.5 Reaction Mechanisms 588
13.6 Catalysis 593
©Per-Andre Hoffmann/LOOK-foto/
Getty Images CHEMISTRY in Action
Pharmacokinetics 600
CHEMISTRY in Action
©yodiyim/Shutterstock
The Haber Process 646
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voyage (1892-1913)
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Language: French
LETTRES DE VOYAGE
(1892-1913)
1922
Tous droits réservés
OUVRAGES DE RUDYARD KIPLING
A LA MÊME LIBRAIRIE :
EN VUE DE MONADNOCK.
A TRAVERS UN CONTINENT.
LA LISIÈRE DE L’ORIENT.
NOS HOMMES D’OUTRE-MER.
TREMBLEMENTS DE TERRE.
UNE DEMI-DOUZAINE DE TABLEAUX.
« LES CAPITAINES COURAGEUX ».
RIEN QUE D’UN CÔTÉ.
LETTRES D’UN CARNET D’HIVER.
EN VUE DE MONADNOCK