DRRR REVIEWER Flood - Temporary overflow of water on dry

land.
5 types of floods
HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL 1. Coastal flood
2. River flood
HAZARD 3. Urban Flood
4. Flash Flood
Hydrometeorology - study of transfer of 5. Pluvial Flood
water and energy between the land surface
and the lower portion of the atmosphere Weather tools - Temperature

Hydrometeorological Hazards - Thermometer - consists of a glass tube

phenomenon of atmospheric, hydrological,
or oceanographic nature that may cause
loss of life, injury and other impacts.
Precipitation - forms of water that fall from
the atmosphere and reach the earth.
Forms of precipitation
1. Rain
2. Snow
3. Sleet
4. Freezing Rain
5. Hail
Typhoon - Severe weather disturbance
characterized by strong winds and heavy
rains which revolve around a central LPA
Thunderstorm - rain showers accompanied
by thunder and lightning
Types of thunderstorms (by
location and reason for air rise)
1. Orographic
2. Air Mass
3. Frontal
Types of thunderstorms (by
structured)
1. Single cell
2. Multi cell
3. Supercel
filled with a liquid that expands or contracts
with changes in temperature
Thermograph - Measures temperature
continuously in a graphing paper, using
infrared
Mercurial Barometer - Balances the
mercury using height, millibars, millimeters,
inches of mercury
Aneroid Barometer - Expands and
contracts with increasing pressure. As it
moves it pulls or pushes the pointer
Barograph - records the barometric
pressure over time in a form of graph
Weather tools - Atmospheric
pressure
Sling psychrometer - A dry wet bulb
contains mercury which measure
atmospheric pressure relative to humidity
Hygrometer - Uses organic material
(human hair) indicator for result of humidity
Weather tools - measuring
precipitation
8-inch rain gauge - collector funnel for
precipitations
Tipping Bucket - Once the bucket is full it
is automatically measured by volume by
number of tips
Weather tools - Monitoring
Clouds
Ceiling Light Projector - Projects a small
beam of light vertically onto the clouds
base, Measuring the elevation, position.
Ceiling Balloon - Filled with hydrogen
released to the atmosphere to measure
height of the clouds.
LANDSLIDES - Downslope movement of
mass of rock, debris, mud, or soil due to
gravity
Rotational - Occur where more resistant
rocks founder over underlying weaker rocks.
Translational - Downslope movement of
materials that occur along a distinctive
surface of weakness (fault or joint).
Block - A translational slide that occur when
large and relatively intact slabs of rock or
earth are rapidly transported downslope.
Rock Fall - landslides that involve the
collapse of materials from a cliff or steep
slope.
Topple - failures that involve the forward
rotation and movement of a mass of rock,
earth or debris out of a slope that occur
around a plot or axis.
Debris Flow - a kind of rapid mass
movement in which loose soil, rock, organic
matter, air, and water mobilized slurry that
flows down slope.
Debris Avalanche - a large-scale landslide
that travels at high speed of up to 100m/s
that can flow for distances of 10 km or more
Creep - imperceptibility of slow, steady,
downward movement of slope-forming soil
or rock.
● Caused by shear stress
Lateral Spreads - characterized by lateral
extension movements in a fractured mass
Causes of landslides
1. Water
2. Seismic Activities
3. Volcanic Activities
Ground Subsidence - Gradual Settling or
sudden sinking of the earth's surface owing
to subsurface movement of earth materials
Sinkholes - Natural Depression or hole in
the surface caused by the karst processes
or chemical dissolution of carbonate rocks.
Coastal Erosion - wearing away of the
coastal land or beaches, mainly by the
impact of destructive waves along the
shearline.
Main Causes of coastal erosion
1. Corrasion
2. Abrasion
3. Hydraulic Action
Fire - the rapid oxidation of a material in the
exothermic chemical process of combustion
Fuel - any material that can be burned such
as solid, liquid or gas.
Heat - an energy that flows through object
Oxygen - an element main component for
combustion in a chemical reaction