SIENA COLLEGE OF TAYTAY

COLLEGE OF NURSING

Drug Study [RPH ANNEX 2]

Miguel Anthony P. Yumang

BSN 4
Submitted to: Sir Jefferson Gonzaga

DRUG NAME MOA ADVERSE CONTRA NURSING DRUG

REACTION INDICATION CONSIDERATION PREPARATION

Generic Name: Salbutamol is a Common side Salbutamol is Prior to administering Salbutamol is

Salbutamol (also known selective beta-2 effects of contraindicated in salbutamol, the nurse available in
as Albuterol in the adrenergic receptor salbutamol include individuals who should assess the patient's various forms
United States) agonist, which tremors, headache, have a respiratory status, vital such as inhaler,
means it selectively nervousness, hypersensitivity to signs, and allergy history. nebulizer, tablet,
Brand Names: binds to beta-2 dizziness, and dry the medication or its The nurse should instruct and syrup. The
Ventolin, ProAir, adrenergic mouth. Other less components. It the patient to use inhaler should be
Proventil, AccuNeb, receptors in the common adverse should also be used salbutamol as directed and shaken well
among others
lungs, causing effects include with caution in to notify the healthcare before use, and
relaxation of the tachycardia, individuals with provider if symptoms do the patient should
Classification: Beta-2
adrenergic agonist smooth muscles in palpitations, cardiovascular not improve or worsen. exhale completely
bronchodilator the bronchioles and hypertension, disorders, The nurse should monitor before inhaling
widening of the hypokalemia, and hyperthyroidism, the patient for adverse the medication.
airways. This allergic reactions. In and diabetes. reactions such as tremors, The nebulizer
results in improved rare cases, Salbutamol is not tachycardia, and solution should be
breathing for salbutamol may recommended for hypokalemia, and report diluted as directed
individuals with cause paradoxical individuals with a any adverse reactions to and administered
respiratory bronchospasm, history of seizures or the healthcare provider. via a nebulizer
 conditions such as which can cause those taking Salbutamol may interact machine. The
asthma, chronic breathing monoamine oxidase with other medications, so tablet and syrup
obstructive difficulties. inhibitors (MAOIs) the nurse should review should be taken
pulmonary disease or tricyclic the patient's medication orally, as directed
(COPD), and antidepressants. history before by the healthcare
bronchitis. administering salbutamol. provider.
The nurse should also
instruct the patient on
proper inhaler technique
and maintenance.

Generic Name: Paracetamol works Paracetamol is Paracetamol is The nurse should assess
Paracetamol (also known by inhibiting the generally contraindicated in the patient's pain and fever Paracetamol is
as Acetaminophen) synthesis of well-tolerated at individuals with a before administering available in
Brand Names: Tylenol, prostaglandins, therapeutic doses. known paracetamol and monitor various forms
Panadol, among others which are However, at high hypersensitivity to the patient's response to such as tablets,
Classification: responsible for doses, it can cause the medication or its the medication. capsules, syrup,
Analgesic, antipyretic causing pain and liver damage and components. It The nurse should instruct and suppositories.
fever in the body. toxicity. Other should also be used the patient to take The dosage and
Paracetamol acts on adverse effects of with caution in paracetamol as directed frequency of
the hypothalamus paracetamol include individuals with and not to exceed the administration
in the brain, which rash, nausea, and liver or kidney recommended dosage, as depend on the
is responsible for vomiting. In rare disease, alcoholism, it can cause liver damage. patient's age,
regulating body cases, paracetamol and malnutrition. The nurse should monitor weight, and
temperature, and may cause allergic Paracetamol should the patient's liver function condition. The
reduces fever. It is reactions, blood not be used in if they are taking high tablet or capsule
also believed to disorders, and skin individuals taking doses of paracetamol or should be
have a weak reactions such as other medications have a history of liver swallowed with
peripheral Stevens-Johnson that contain disease. water, while the
analgesic effect by syndrome. acetaminophen, as it Paracetamol may interact syrup should be
blocking pain may increase the risk with other medications, so measured with a
impulses at the of toxicity. the nurse should review calibrated
 spinal cord level. the patient's medication measuring device.
history before The suppository
administering should be inserted
paracetamol. into the rectum as
The nurse should instruct directed. The
the patient to report any nurse should
adverse reactions or ensure that the
symptoms such as rash, correct dosage is
nausea, vomiting, or administered and
abdominal pain to the that the
healthcare provider. medication is
stored properly.

Tramadol works by Common side Tramadol is The nurse should assess Tramadol is
Generic Name: binding to effects of tramadol contraindicated in the patient's pain before available in
Tramadol mu-opioid include nausea, individuals with a administering tramadol various forms
Brand Names: Ultram, receptors in the dizziness, known and monitor the patient's such as tablets,
ConZip, among others brain and spinal constipation, and hypersensitivity to response to the capsules, and
Classification: cord, and also headache. Other less the medication or its medication. injection. The
Analgesic inhibiting the common adverse components, as well The nurse should instruct dosage and
reuptake of effects include as in individuals the patient to take frequency of
norepinephrine and sedation, dry mouth, who are taking or tramadol as directed and administration
serotonin, which sweating, and have recently taken not to exceed the depend on the
are itching. Tramadol monoamine oxidase recommended dosage, as patient's age,
neurotransmitters may also cause inhibitors (MAOIs). it can cause respiratory weight, and
that help to respiratory Tramadol should depression and other condition. The
modulate pain depression, also be used with adverse effects. tablet or capsule
perception. This especially when caution in The nurse should monitor should be
combination of used in high doses individuals with a the patient for signs of swallowed with
mechanisms results or in combination history of seizures, respiratory depression, water, and the
in pain relief, as with other central head trauma, or especially if they are injection should
well as anxiolytic nervous system other central nervous taking high doses of be administered
 and antidepressant depressants. In rare system disorders. tramadol or have other via intramuscular
effects. cases, tramadol may risk factors such as sleep or intravenous
cause seizures or apnea or obesity. route. The nurse
serotonin syndrome, Tramadol may interact should ensure that
a potentially with other medications, so the correct dosage
life-threatening the nurse should review is administered
condition. the patient's medication and that the
history before medication is
administering tramadol. stored properly.
The nurse should instruct
the patient to report any
adverse reactions or
symptoms such as
seizures, confusion, or
respiratory distress to the
healthcare provider.

Generic Name: Omeprazole works Common side Omeprazole is The nurse should assess Omeprazole is
Omeprazole by inhibiting the effects of contraindicated in the patient's symptoms available in
Brand Names: Prilosec, H+/K+ ATPase omeprazole include individuals with a before administering various forms
Losec, among others enzyme system in headache, nausea, known omeprazole and monitor such as capsules,
Classification: Proton the gastric parietal diarrhea, and hypersensitivity to the patient's response to tablets, and oral
pump inhibitor cells, which abdominal pain. the medication or its the medication. suspension. The
reduces the Other less common components. The nurse should instruct dosage and
secretion of gastric adverse effects Omeprazole should the patient to take frequency of
acid in the stomach. include also be used with omeprazole as directed administration
This results in the constipation, caution in and not to exceed the depend on the
reduction of acid flatulence, and dry individuals with recommended dosage, as patient's age,
reflux, heartburn, mouth. Omeprazole liver or kidney it may increase the risk of weight, and
and other may also increase disease, as well as in adverse effects. condition. The
symptoms of the risk of bone individuals who are Omeprazole may interact capsule or tablet
gastroesophageal fractures and taking other with other medications, so should be
 reflux disease infections, medications that the nurse should review swallowed with
(GERD), as well as especially in may interact with the patient's medication water, and the
the prevention of individuals who are omeprazole history before oral suspension
stomach and taking the administering omeprazole. should be
duodenal ulcers. medication for a The nurse should instruct measured with a
long period of time. the patient to report any calibrated
adverse reactions or measuring device.
symptoms such as fever, The nurse should
joint pain, or bone pain to ensure that the
the healthcare provider. correct dosage is
Omeprazole should be administered and
taken before meals, as it is that the
most effective when the medication is
stomach is empty. The stored properly.
nurse should instruct the
patient to swallow the
capsule whole and not to
crush or chew it.

Generic Name: Losartan Losartan works by Common side Losartan is The nurse should assess Losartan is
Brand Names: Cozaar, blocking the action effects of losartan contraindicated in the patient's blood available in tablet
among others of angiotensin II, a include dizziness, individuals with a pressure before form. The dosage
Classification: hormone that fatigue, headache, known administering losartan and and frequency of
Angiotensin II receptor constricts blood and cough. Other hypersensitivity to monitor the patient's administration
antagonist vessels and less common the medication or its response to the depend on the
increases blood adverse effects components, as well medication. patient's age,
pressure. By include nausea, as in pregnant The nurse should instruct weight, and
blocking the action diarrhea, and back women. Losartan the patient to take losartan condition. The
of angiotensin II, pain. Losartan may should also be used as directed and not to tablet should be
losartan causes also cause with caution in exceed the recommended swallowed with
blood vessels to hyperkalemia (high individuals with dosage, as it may increase water, and the
relax, which lowers levels of potassium liver or kidney the risk of adverse effects. nurse should
blood pressure and in the blood), disease, as well as in Losartan may interact with ensure that the
improves blood especially in individuals who are other medications, so the correct dosage is
flow. individuals with taking other nurse should review the administered and
kidney disease. medications that patient's medication that the
may interact with history before medication is
losartan administering losartan. stored properly.
The nurse should instruct
the patient to report any
adverse reactions or
symptoms such as
dizziness,
lightheadedness, or rash to
the healthcare provider.
Losartan may be taken
with or without food, but
the nurse should instruct
the patient to take the
medication at the same
time each day.
Generic Name: Amlodipine works Amlodipine works Amlodipine is The nurse should assess Amlodipine is
Amlodipine by blocking the by blocking the contraindicated in the patient's blood available in tablet
Brand Names: Norvasc, influx of calcium influx of calcium individuals with a pressure and heart rate form. The dosage
among others ions into vascular ions into vascular known before administering and frequency of
Classification: Calcium smooth muscle smooth muscle cells hypersensitivity to amlodipine and monitor administration
channel blocker cells and cardiac and cardiac the medication or its the patient's response to depend on the
myocytes, resulting myocytes, resulting components. the medication. patient's age,
in vasodilation of in vasodilation of Amlodipine should The nurse should instruct weight, and
coronary and coronary and also be used with the patient to take condition. The
systemic arteries systemic arteries caution in amlodipine as directed and tablet should be
and a decrease in and a decrease in individuals with not to exceed the swallowed with
myocardial oxygen myocardial oxygen liver disease or heart recommended dosage, as water, and the
demand. This leads demand. This leads failure, as well as in it may increase the risk of nurse should
to a reduction in to a reduction in individuals who are adverse effects. ensure that the
blood pressure and blood pressure and taking other Amlodipine may interact correct dosage is
an improvement in an improvement in medications that with other medications, so administered and
blood flow. blood flow.. may interact with the nurse should review that the
amlodipine. the patient's medication medication is
history before stored properly.
administering amlodipine.
The nurse should instruct
the patient to report any
adverse reactions or
symptoms such as
dizziness,
lightheadedness, or chest
pain to the healthcare
provider.
Amlodipine should be
taken with or without
food, but the nurse should
instruct the patient to take
 the medication at the same
time each day.

Generic Name: Spironolactone Common side Spironolactone is The nurse should assess Spironolactone is
Spironolactone works by blocking effects of contraindicated in the patient's blood available in tablet
Brand Names: the effects of spironolactone individuals with a pressure, electrolyte form. The dosage
Aldactone, among others aldosterone, a include dizziness, known levels, and renal function and frequency of
Classification: hormone that headache, and hypersensitivity to before administering administration
Potassium-sparing regulates the gastrointestinal the medication or its spironolactone and depend on the
diuretic, selective balance of water upset. Other less components, as well monitor the patient's patient's age,
aldosterone antagonist and electrolytes in common adverse as in individuals response to the weight, and
the body. This effects include with hyperkalemia, medication. condition. The
results in the hyperkalemia (high severe renal The nurse should instruct tablet should be
excretion of sodium levels of potassium impairment, or the patient to take swallowed with
and water and the in the blood), Addison's disease. spironolactone as directed water, and the
retention of hyponatremia (low Spironolactone and not to exceed the nurse should
potassium, which levels of sodium in should also be used recommended dosage, as ensure that the
leads to a decrease the blood), and with caution in it may increase the risk of correct dosage is
in blood pressure gynecomastia individuals with adverse effects. administered and
and a reduction in (enlargement of liver disease, as it Spironolactone may that the
edema (swelling). breast tissue in may increase the risk interact with other medication is
males). of hepatotoxicity. medications, so the nurse stored properly.
Spironolactone may should review the patient's Spironolactone
also cause menstrual medication history before may be taken with
irregularities in administering or without food.
females. spironolactone.
The nurse should instruct
the patient to report any
adverse reactions or
symptoms such as
dizziness,
lightheadedness, or breast
 enlargement to the
healthcare provider.
The nurse should also
monitor the patient's
potassium levels and fluid
intake while taking
spironolactone.

Generic Name: Human Human Albumin is Adverse reactions to Human albumin is The nurse should assess Human albumin
Albumin a solution of human human albumin are contraindicated in the patient's vital signs is available as a
Brand Names: Albutein, serum albumin, a rare but may include individuals with a and fluid balance before sterile, clear, and
Albuked, among others protein that is fever, chills, nausea, known administering human colorless solution
Classification: Blood produced in the vomiting, and hypersensitivity to albumin and monitor the in vials or bottles.
product liver and found in allergic reactions, the medication or its patient's response to the The dosage and
the blood. Albumin such as anaphylaxis. components, as well medication. frequency of
functions as a Human albumin as in individuals Human albumin should be administration
carrier for many may also increase with severe anemia, administered slowly and depend on the
substances, such as the risk of blood heart failure, or under close supervision, patient's weight
hormones, clot formation and severe electrolyte as it may cause and condition.
enzymes, and should be used with disturbances. Human anaphylaxis or other The solution
drugs, as well as caution in albumin should also adverse reactions. should be
maintaining the individuals with a be used with caution The nurse should ensure administered
osmotic pressure of history of in individuals with that the patient is not intravenously, and
the blood. Human thromboembolic renal or hepatic receiving any other blood the nurse should
Albumin is used to events. impairment, as it products or medications ensure that the
treat a variety of may exacerbate that may interact with correct dosage is
conditions, these conditions. human albumin. administered and
including shock, The nurse should also that the
burns, and monitor the patient's medication is
hypoalbuminemia electrolyte levels and renal stored properly.
(low levels of function while taking Human albumin
albumin in the human albumin. may be
 blood). administered with
other intravenous
fluids, but the
nurse should not
mix it with other
medications or
blood products.

Generic Name: Furosemide works Common side Furosemide is The nurse should assess Furosemide is
Furosemide by inhibiting the effects of contraindicated in the patient's blood available in tablet
Brand Names: Lasix, reabsorption of furosemide include individuals with a pressure, electrolyte and injectable
among others sodium and dizziness, headache, known levels, and renal function forms. The
Classification: Loop chloride in the and gastrointestinal hypersensitivity to before administering dosage and
diuretic ascending loop of upset. Other less the medication or its furosemide and monitor frequency of
Henle in the common adverse components, as well the patient's response to administration
kidney, leading to effects include as in individuals the medication. depend on the
increased urinary hypokalemia (low with anuria (lack of Furosemide may interact patient's age,
excretion of water levels of potassium urine production) or with other medications, so weight, and
and electrolytes. in the blood), severe renal the nurse should review condition. The
This results in a hyperuricemia (high impairment. the patient's medication tablet should be
decrease in blood levels of uric acid in Furosemide should history before swallowed with
pressure and a the blood), and also be used with administering furosemide. water, and the
reduction in edema hyperglycemia (high caution in The nurse should instruct nurse should
(swelling). levels of glucose in individuals with the patient to take ensure that the
the blood). liver disease, furosemide as directed and correct dosage is
Furosemide may electrolyte not to exceed the administered and
also cause imbalances, and recommended dosage, as that the
ototoxicity (damage gout. it may increase the risk of medication is
to the ear and adverse effects. stored properly.
hearing) in some The nurse should instruct Furosemide may
patients. the patient to report any be taken with or
adverse reactions or without food. The
symptoms such as injectable form
dizziness, should be
lightheadedness, or administered
hearing loss to the intravenously or
healthcare provider. intramuscularly,
The nurse should also and the nurse
monitor the patient's should ensure that
potassium levels and fluid the correct dosage
intake while taking is administered
furosemide. and that the
medication is
stored properly.
The injectable
form should be
given slowly over
1 to 2 minutes to
prevent
hypotension.