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MATHEMATICS
QUARTER 4
Week 1

Capsulized Self-Learning
Empowerment Toolkit

Schools Division Office of Zamboanga City

Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
Zamboanga City

“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”

Mildred P. Caceres
Teacher II
Zamboanga National High School-West
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SUBJECT &
GRADE LEVEL MATHEMATICS 10
QUARTER FOURTH WEEK 1 DAY ____________________________________
dd/mm/yyyy

TOPIC Measures of Position: Quartiles, Deciles and Percentiles

The learner illustrates the following measures of position: Quartiles,
Deciles and Percentiles (M10SP-IVa-1)
LEARNING 1. Illustrates quartiles, deciles and percentiles for ungrouped data
COMPETENCY 2. Illustrates quartiles for grouped data
3. Illustrates deciles for grouped data
4. Illustrates percentiles for grouped data
IMPORTANT: Do not write anything on this material. Write your answers on a separate
sheet(s) of paper.

UNDERSTAND
Measures of Position: Quartiles, Deciles and Percentiles

MODULE MAP ON MEASURES OF POSITON

Measures of position are used to locate a specific data in relation to the rest of the
data. These measures include percentiles, deciles, and quartiles. All these values can be
determined in the same way as the median. The only difference is in their location.

A What is an Ungrouped Data?

UNGROUPED DATA
.
Ungrouped Data is a is the raw data, that is not sorted into categories,
classified, or otherwise grouped, usually written in number list.

B What is a Grouped Data?

Mildred P. Caceres, Teacher II, Zamboanga National High School-West

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GROUPED DATA
.
Grouped Data is the data that has been organized and summarized in
tables.

Below is an example of ungrouped data transformed into grouped data.

Scores of 40 students in a Math quiz

Lower Cumulative
Score Frequency
86 83 81 81 86 91 79 82 Boundaries Frequency
81 80 96 87 82 89 82 89 95-100 3 94.5 40
94 91 90 82 85 88 71 99 89-94 7 88.5 37
76 87 78 80 83 73 98 72 83-88 11 82.5 30
72 83 74 85 90 71 75 87 77-82 11 76.5 19
71-76 8 70.5 8
N = 40

A What are Quartiles?

Quartiles are the score points that divide a distribution into four equal parts. These
values are denoted by Q1, Q2 and Q3. Q1 is read as 1st quartile or the lower quartile, Q2 as
2nd quartile or the median, and Q3 as 3rd quartile or the upper quartile. The difference between
Q1 and Q3 is the interquartile range.

The figure below shows Q1, Q2 and Q3.

Q2 Q3 or
Q1 or Middle
Lower Upper
Quartile or Quartile
Quartile Median

25% 25% 25% 25%

a. 25% of the data has a value ≤ Q1

b. 50% of the data has a value ≤ Q2
c. 75% of the data has a value ≤ Q3

The median divides the distribution into two equal parts. It is a point in the
distribution where one-half of the distribution lies below it and one-half above it.

B What are Deciles?

Deciles are the nine score points that divide a distribution into ten equal parts. These
deciles are denoted as 𝐷1 , 𝐷2 , 𝐷3 , … , 𝐷9 , such that 10% of the data fall below D1, 20% of the
data fall below D2 and so on. Also, D1 is read as 1st decile, D2 as 2nd decile, and so on.
D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9

10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10%

Mildred P. Caceres, Teacher II, Zamboanga National High School-West

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B What are Percentiles?

Percentiles are the ninety-nine score points that divide a distribution into one hundred
1
equal parts, so that each part represents 100 of the data set. These values are denoted by P1,
P2, ..., P99, such that 1% of the data fall below P1, 2% of the data fall below P2, and so on.
Also, P1 is read as “first percentile,” P2 as “second percentile,” and so on.

The relationships among percentile, decile, and quartile are presented below.

25% 25% 25% 25%

Q1 Q2 Q3
P25 P50 P75

P10 P20 P30 P40 P50 P60 P70 P80 P90

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9

10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10%

The first decile is the 10th percentile (P10). It means 10% of the data is less than or
equal to P10 or D1, and so, on.

EXAMPLE 1:

Given a set of scores of 15 students in their English Quiz: 15, 2, 8, 3, 11, 8, 8, 6, 9,

5, 7, 5, 12, 11 and 14. Locate lower quartile (or P25), upper quartile (or P75), 1st decile and
90th percentile of the data.

Solution:

Scores are sorted in ascending order: 2, 3, 5, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8, 8, 9, 11, 11, 12, 14, 15

Notice, the least value in the data is 2 and the greatest value in the data is 15

2, 3, 5, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8, 8, 9, 11, 11, 12, 14, 15

The middle value in the data is 8

Median
• The lower quartile is the value
that is between the median and the
least value in the data set. So, the Q1
lower quartile or P25 is 5. P25
• The upper quartile is the value
that is between the middle value and Q3
the greatest value in the data set. So, P75
the upper quartile or P75 is 11.
• The 1st decile or D1 is the value
that is between the Q1 and the least D1
value in the data set. So, the D10 is 3.
• The 90th percentile or P90 is the
value that is between the Q3 and the P90

Mildred P. Caceres, Teacher II, Zamboanga National High School-West

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greatest value in the data set. So, the

P90 is 14.

Guide questions:
a. What is your observation about the quartile in ungrouped data? decile? percentile?
b. How is median related to Q2, D5, P50?
c. What is the equivalent of D1 to percentile? P90 to decile?
d. What if you have a large set of data? How do we find the median?

When dealing with large data or numbers that differ widely, it is often necessary to
group it in a frequency distribution table for a more manageable set of data. A frequency
distribution table is tabular arrangement of data by classes together with their corresponding
frequencies. It also contains the lower class boundaries of a given score which is minus half
of the place value of the given score and the cumulative frequency referring to the total
frequency of all values greater than the upper class boundary of a given class interval up to
and including that class interval. One way of doing this is shown in the next example.

EXAMPLE 2:

Below are the scores of 50 randomly selected students in their Science exam with a
class size or width of 5. Find the median.

Class Less than Cumulative

Lower
Interval Frequency Frequency
boundaries
(Scores) < 𝒄𝒇)
46-50 4 45.5 50
41-45 8 40.5 46
36-40 11 35.5 38
31-35 9 30.5 27
26-30 12 25.5 18
21-25 6 20.5 6

Solution:

N
To find the median, determine the class interval first which contains the ( 2 ) th score
(Use N to represent the total frequency).This can be located under the column of < cf,
N
meanwhile the class interval that contains the ( 2 ) th score is called the median class of the
distribution. In the same manner, Qk, Dk and Pk class must be determined first before
computing their respective value.

Less than
Class
Lower Cumulative
Interval Frequency
boundaries Frequency
(Scores)
< 𝒄𝒇) (28th-38th score) Q3, D7 and P75 Class
46-50 4 45.5 50
(19th-27th score) Median Class
41-45 8 40.5 46
or Q2, D5 and P50 Class
36-40 11 35.5 38
(7th-18th score) Q1, D3 and P25
31-35 9 30.5 27
Class
26-30 12 25.5 18
21-25 6 20.5 6
N= 50

Mildred P. Caceres, Teacher II, Zamboanga National High School-West

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From the above example,

The class interval 31-35 contains the classes of Q2, D5 and P50 or the Median.
The class interval 36-40 contains the classes of Q3, D7 and P75.
The class interval 26-30 contains the classes of Q1, D3 and P25.

(Note: Computation for the value of Qk, Dk and Pk will be discussed in the next lesson.)

Guide questions:
a. How many students scored within the median class?
b. What is the lower boundary containing the median class?
c. Can a median be more than one in given set? Why or Why not?
d. Does finding the median for grouped data differ from the ungrouped data?
Why or Why not?

SAQ-1: What are the ways to determine the measures of position in a set of data?
SAQ-2: Which is easier to analyze and interpret, ungrouped or grouped data? Why?

Let’s Practice! (Write your answers on separate sheets.)

ACTIVITY
TERM 1
Directions: Perform as indicated. Write your answers on separate sheets.

A. (Ungrouped Data) Ana Masipag who is an incoming Grade 10 student, assists her mom
in baking cookies at home which is their family latest home business. She also records the
daily orders of their loyal customers. As shown are the orders she recorded for the first week
of December: 6, 6, 4, 5, 9, 12, 24, 3, 12, 4, 4, 6, 24, 36, 10, 3, 7. Locate the following:
1. Median
2. 75th percentile
3. 2nd decile.

B. (Grouped Data)

Below is a survey conducted in a remote community called Pag-asa about the ages
of students who are enrolled for this school year 2020-2021.

Class Interval Lower

Frequency <cf
(Ages) Boundaries
26-30 3 25.5 30
21-25 2 20.5 27
16-20 5 15.5 25
11-15 8 10.5 20
6-10 12 5.5 12
4. What is the total frequency of the given data?
5. If the nth score of upper quartile falls within 21st -25th, then what is its lower
boundary?
6. At which class interval does the median class contain?

Mildred P. Caceres, Teacher II, Zamboanga National High School-West

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REMEMBER
Key Points

✓ Measures of Position are used to locate a specific data in relation to the rest of the data.
These measures include percentiles, deciles, and quartiles.
✓ Grouped data is data that has been bundled together in categories.
✓ Ungrouped data known as the raw data has not been sorted into classes or categories.
✓ Quartiles are measures of positions that divide a distribution into four equal parts. The
difference between 𝑄3 and 𝑄1 is the interquartile range.
✓ Deciles are the nine-score points which divide a distribution into ten equal parts.
✓ Percentiles are the ninety-nine scores points which divide a distribution into one hundred
equal parts.
✓ Median lies between the highest and lowest value. A value where half of the set of data
lies above it and the other half lies below it.

TRY
Let’s see how much have you learned today!
Directions: Study the following assessments carefully and write your answers on separate
sheets.

Assessment 1.
Directions: Compare the two measures of position using the mathematical symbols, <, >
𝑜𝑟 = . Then, write your reason.

1. P20 ____ Q1 ; why? ________________________

2. D5 ____ Q2 ; why? ________________________
3. P90 ____ D9 ; why? ________________________
4. Upper quartile ____ Median ; why? ________________________
5. 25th percentile ____ 3rd decile; why? ________________________

Assessment 2.
Directions: Refer to the table below, then answer the questions that follow.

Math Grades of G10-Aguinaldo

Class frequency Cumulative
Interval (f) Frequency
97-99 1 45
94-96 2 44
91-93 3 42
88-90 11 39
85-87 10 28
82-84 8 18
79-81 5 10
76-78 3 5
73-75 2 2

1. If the median contains within the class interval 85-87, then its equivalent percentile
position is? ____________

Mildred P. Caceres, Teacher II, Zamboanga National High School-West

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2. What is the class interval if the lower quartile class contains within the 11th -18th score?
__________

3. If P75 class falls within the class interval 88-90, then which class interval does upper
quartile contained? __________

4. Given that the 4th decile class is within the intervals 82-84, how many students have
grades lower than that class interval? __________

5. What is the frequency if the 6th decile class is within the 17th-28th score?
____________

Assessment 3.
Directions: Read each item carefully and choose ONLY the letter that best answers the
question.

1. This refers to the raw data which is usually written in number list.
A. Grouped Data B. Quantitative Data
C. Qualitative Data D. Ungrouped data

2. What do you call the measures of position that divides a set of data into four equal
parts?
A. Quartiles B. Deciles C. Percentiles D. Quantiles

3. When a distribution is divided into hundred equal parts, each score point that describes
the distribution is called a ________.
A. median B. quartile C. decile D. percentile

4. In the set of scores: 14, 17, 10, 22, 10, 24, 8, 12, and 19, the median score is _____.
A. 13 B. 14 C. 15 D.16

5. Which of the following represents the highest value?

A. 9th decile B. 3rd quartile C. 5th Decile D. 88th percentile

6. In grouped data, the upper quartile is also equal to __________.

A. D3 B. Q1 C. P75 D. Q7

7. Which of the following does NOT describe decile?

A. It is use to categorize large data sets from highest to lowest values, or vice versa.
B. The distribution divides into ten equal parts.
C. The score is splitting up a set of ranked data into equally large subsections.
D. These are values that divide the total frequency into 10 equal parts.

8. The point in a distribution below which 75% of the cases lie in the ___________.
A. 3rd decile B. 7th percentile C. 3rd quartile D. 1st quartile

9. Which of the following is NOT a measure of position?

A. Quartile B. Interquartile range C. Decile D. Percentile

10. A type of data that has been categorized or bundled together.

A. grouped data B. frequency table C. ungrouped data D. raw data

Mildred P. Caceres, Teacher II, Zamboanga National High School-West

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Orlando A. Oronce and Marilyn O. Mendoza, e-math Advanced Algebra and

Trigonometry IV, Manila: Rex Bookstore, 2010, 407, 410-411, 425-426, 431-
435.

Melvin M. Callanta, et al, Mathematics Learner’s Module 10 DepEd Pasig:

Rex Bookstore, Inc., 2015, 356-357, 366, 373, 376, 386-389.

Ramon B. Cristobal, et al, Math World 10 Quezon City: C & E Publishing,

REFERENCE/S
Inc. 2015, 246-247, 254-255.

Olivia N. Buzon, et al, Advanced Algebra with Trigonometry and Statistics

Explorations and Applications, Salesiana Publishers, Inc. 2003, pp. 298-299,
316-317, 300.

“Measures of Position,” Stephanie Glen, last modified Aug 26, 2019,

https://www.statisticshowto.com/measures-of-position/
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LEARNING RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT TEAM
WRITER MILDRED P. CACERES
Zamboanga National High School-West
LAYOUT ARTIST Zandro G. Sepe, M.S.

LEARNING TEAM/ Zandro G. Sepe, M.S., Dr. Elizabeth M. Raciles,

EVALUATORS Ronald Manalo
MANAGEMENT AND Dr. Roy C. Tuballa, CESO VI Dr. Norma T. Francisco, CESE
SPECIALIST Dr. Jay S. Montealto, CESO VI Dr. Vilma A. Brown

“No hay cosa imposible. Cree, junto junto puede!”

Mildred P. Caceres, Teacher II, Zamboanga National High School-West