CASE STUDY

REPORT
 OBSERVATIONAL LEARNING AND
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT: A CASE
STUDY OF CRIMINOLOGY STUDENTS
DURING THE ON-THE-JOB TRAINING AT
PNP STATION, KORONADAL CITY

A case study presented to the faculty of Criminal Justice of Education

SUJEDE, CLENIE C.
2024
 TITLE: OBSERVATIONAL LEARNING AND PROFESSIONAL
DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY OF CRIMINOLOGY STUDENTS DURING
THE ON-THE-JOB TRAINING AT PNP STATION, KORONADAL CITY

PART I.
A. INTRODUCTION
Koronadal city’s Philippine National Police station serves as a pivotal training
ground especially for criminology students of South East Asian Institute of
Technology Inc. It provides a unique opportunity to observe the daily operations
of police officers, engage with the community, and understand the challenges
and responsibilities that come with maintaining public safety. Through the OJT,
criminology students are expected to apply theoretical concepts in real-life
scenarios, develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills, and foster
professional values and ethics.
The integration of criminology students into the PNP station in Koronadal City
for the on-the-job training (OJT) is driven by the necessity to meld academic
theories with real-world applications. The practical training is to expose
criminology students to the day-to-day workings of law enforcement especially in
the Philippine National Police (PNP) Station, Koronadal City, providing them with
a hands-on experience and perspective that complements their education. This
exposure is essential in preparing them for the complexities of their future roles in
criminal justice, where theoretical knowledge must often be quickly translated
into practical action.
Criminology students typically engage with a wide range of concepts in the
classroom. The OJT at the PNP Station brings these concepts to life, observing
and sometimes participating in the application of different activities whether in
investigative processes or in understanding the psychology behind criminal
behavior, deeply enriches their educational experiences and prepares them for
actual service in the field. During their placements, criminology students witness
firsthand the unpredictability and pressures of law enforcement work. They see
how officers handle critical incidents, manage community interactions, and make
split-second decisions. This real-world exposure is invaluable in teaching them
about the stresses and demands of policing, which are difficult to simulate in a
classroom environment.
Ethics form the backbone of criminology education, and observing police
work up close allows criminology students to see how ethical dilemmas are
navigated in practice. From handling sensitive information to dealing with various
community members, criminology students learn the importance of ethical
integrity in maintaining public trust and upholding the law.
Through the OJT at the PNP station in Koronadal City, criminology students
gain a comprehensive understanding of the complexities of police work, which
equips them with the knowledge and skills necessary to effectively contribute to
the field of criminal justice upon graduation. This blend of theory and practice is
vital in shaping competent, ethical, and responsive criminal justice professionals.

B. OBJECTIVES
The main objectives of this study are the following;
1. To gain practical experience in applying criminological theories and law
enforcement techniques.
2. To develop critical thinking and ethical decision-making skills within a real-
world policing environment.
3. To enhance understanding and participation in community policing and public
safety initiatives.

PART II.

A. Statement of vision, mission and objectives of the unit/agency where

on-the-job training was conducted.

VISION
 “To enforce the law, prevent and control crimes, maintain peace and order,
and ensure public safety and internal security with the active support of the
community.”

MISSION
“To perform its functions with professionalism, integrity, and accountability
through active community collaboration, adopting an integrated and inter-
operable approach to law enforcement, and positive acts that promote a safer
place to live, work, and do business.”

B. Brief narration of system and procedure of the office/agency where

the OJT was conducted.
During the on-the-job training (OJT) at the PNP station in Koronadal city,
criminology students are typically exposed to a structured system of procedures
designed to acquaint them with the daily operations of law enforcement. This
system involves rotations through different departments within the station, such
as the investigation division/office, CPDEU office, Intelligence office, WCPD
office, PCAD office, COP office, DCOP office, Operation and Planning office, and
Finance/Supply office. Criminology students discovered that the PNP is not just
about arresting or apprehending a person/suspect that we saw in the movies.
PNP Station of Koronadal City had the so called QUADSTOP that refers to the
four (4) strategic function of Intelligence Unit, Operations, Investigation, and
Police Community Affairs Development or PCAD that are well incorporated in the
execution of police operations.

C. Brief narration of activities and observation in each unit/agency

where the OJT was conducted.
Throughout the OJT, criminology students engage in variety of activities
aimed in broadening their understanding of law enforcement practices. They
participated in community outreach programs particularly in Brgy. Cadidang,
Koronadal city, Blood Letting Program/Activity at STI College of Marbel,
Koronadal City, headed by sir Delfin aka Angkol Noy, where they interact with
members of the community to promote safety initiatives. Aside from participating
in outreach programs, each police officers were assigned to give different
lectures and topics, such as about RA 9165 or otherwise known as the
Comprehensive Dangerous Drug Act of 2002, Traffic Laws, RA 9262 or VAWC
Law, RA 8353 or Rape, RA 7610 or Special protection of Children Against
Abuse, Explosive Ordnance Disposal, and many more. Police officers also teach
criminology students the proper getting of fingerprint, mug shot, proper
handcuffing, booking sheet, proper arrest, proper handling of guns, assemble
and disassemble of 9mm and M16, reports and etc. These activities allow
students to apply theoretical concepts learned in the classroom to real-world
scenarios, honing their practical skills and situational awareness.

D. Brief narration of any unusual events/scenarios during the

performance of the OJT indicating therein action taken by the agency in
addressing the event/scenarios.
Despite the structured nature of training, criminology students encountered
unusual events or scenarios during their OJT at the PNP station in Koronadal
city. These could include sudden spikes in criminal activity, such as robbery at
Agencia Brillantes, Planting of Bombs, and mostly drug-related incidents, which
require swift and decisive responses from law enforcement. Luckily, Criminology
students did not experienced firsthand the aftermath of accidents or natural
disaster. The PNP station conducted an Earthquake drill to determine the
preparedness in case emergency/natural disaster could happen. These
unexpected situations provide invaluable learning opportunities, allowing
criminology students to adapt to rapidly changing environments and apply their
training under pressure.

PART III
FINDINGS
The following are the findings of this study;
 1. The interns develop a more comprehensive and theoretical learning that
can be applied through real world scenarios during their OJT at PNP Station,
Koronadal City.
2. The PNP of Koronadal City has a great impact on interns to improved their
understanding of law enforcement practices.
3. The PNP Officers of Koronadal City influenced as an effective mentors that
significantly enhance interns’ learning outcomes and readiness for future
careers in law enforcement.
4. The interns during their OJT at PNP Koronadal City enhanced their
practical skills through observation.

PART IV
CONCLUSIONS
The conclusions of this study are;
1. By observing real police work, insights about teachings/lectures to the interns
are highly effective method to translate theoretical knowledge into practical skills.
2. The importance of role of experienced police officer as mentors not only
provide a real-world context to theoretical learning but also model professional
behaviors and attitudes that are essential for a successful career in law
enforcement.
3. The interns understand and experience firsthand real world scenarios that
make them fully equipped and acquire observational learning during their OJT.

PART V
RECOMMENDATIONS
The recommendations in this study are the following;
1. The study recommends that the OJT program make a rotational duties to
acquire different learning in different agencies for more experiences.
2. Interns should seek diverse experience in different aspects of police office or
police work within the station.
3. The agency should expand experiential learning opportunities for the interns.

Submitted by:

CHRISTIAN NIÑO OCHOA