Power Transmission

Power Transmission
• Shafts and tubes having circular cross sections are often used to transmit
power developed by a machine.
• When used for this purpose, they are subjected to a torque that depends on
both the power generated by the machine and the angular speed of the shaft.
• Power is defined as the work performed per unit of time. Also, the work
transmitted by a rotating shaft equals the torque applied times the angle of
rotation.

𝑷 = 𝟐𝝅𝑻𝒏 𝑷 = 𝑻𝝎 𝐖𝐚𝐭𝐭𝐬 (𝑾)

𝒓𝒂𝒅 𝒓𝒆𝒗
𝑻 = 𝒕𝒐𝒓𝒒𝒖𝒆 𝝎 = 𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒔𝒑𝒆𝒆𝒅 𝒏 = 𝒓𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒔𝒑𝒆𝒆𝒅
𝒔 𝒔
Power Units
• In SI, an appropriate unit for torque is N-m. The corresponding SI unit for
power is termed a watt:
𝑷 = 𝟐𝝅𝑻𝒏,

• In U.S. Customary Units, torque is often measured in lb-ft, and thus the
corresponding power unit is
𝑷 = 𝟐𝝅𝑻𝒏,

• In U.S. practice, power is typically expressed in terms of horsepower (hp),

which has the following conversion factor:

𝟏𝒉𝒑 = 𝟕𝟒𝟔𝑾,
A solid steel shaft AB, is to be used to transmit 5 hp from the motor M to which it is attached.
If the shaft rotates at N= 175 rpm and the steel has allowable shear stress of 14.5 ksi,
determine the required diameter of the shaft to the nearest 1/8 in.

𝟐𝑻 𝟏𝟔𝑻
𝝉 𝐦𝐚𝐱 = 𝟑
= 𝟑
𝑷 = 𝟐𝝅𝑻𝒏
𝝅𝒓 𝝅𝒅
𝟏𝟕𝟓 𝟏 𝒎𝒊𝒏 𝟏 𝒉𝒑 𝟏 𝒇𝒕
𝟓 𝒉𝒑 = 𝟐𝝅𝑻
𝒎𝒊𝒏 𝟔𝟎 𝒔 𝟓𝟓𝟎 𝒍𝒃. 𝒇𝒕 𝟏𝟐 𝒊𝒏.
𝒔
𝑻 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎𝟎. 𝟕𝟐𝟒 𝒍𝒃. 𝒊𝒏
𝟏𝟔𝑻
𝝉𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝟑
= 𝝉𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘 = 𝟏𝟒. 𝟓 𝒌𝒔𝒊
𝝅𝒅
𝑷 = 𝟓 𝒉𝒑 𝟏𝟔(𝟏𝟖𝟎𝟎. 𝟕𝟐𝟒 𝒍𝒃. 𝒊𝒏) 𝟏 𝒌𝒔𝒊 𝟏 𝒑𝒔𝒊
𝟏𝟒. 𝟓 𝒌𝒔𝒊 = 𝒍𝒃
𝑵 = 𝟏𝟕𝟓 𝒓𝒆𝒗/𝒎𝒊𝒏 𝝅𝒅 𝟑 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒑𝒔𝒊 𝟏 𝟐
𝒊𝒏
𝝉𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘 = 𝟏𝟒. 𝟓 𝒌𝒔𝒊 𝟕
𝒅 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓𝟖𝟒 𝒊𝒏. = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟕𝟓 𝒊𝒏. = 𝒊𝒏.
𝟖
The solid steel shaft AC has a diameter of 25 mm and is supported by smooth bearings at D
and E. It is coupled to a motor at C, which delivers 3 kW of power to the shaft while it is
turning at 50 rev/s. If gears A and B remove 1 kW and 2 kW, respectively, determine the
maximum shear stress in the shaft within regions AB and BC.

𝑷 = 𝟐𝝅𝑻𝒏 𝑷𝑬 = 𝟑 𝒌𝑾
𝒅 = 𝟐𝟓 𝒎𝒎 𝑷𝑫 = 𝟏 𝒌𝑾
𝒏 = 𝟓𝟎 𝒓𝒆𝒗/𝒔

𝟏 𝒌𝑾
𝑷𝑫 = 𝟐𝝅𝑻𝑫𝒏, (𝟏 𝒌𝑾) = 𝟐𝝅 𝑻𝑫 (𝟓𝟎 𝒓𝒆𝒗/𝒔) , 𝑻𝑫 = 𝟑. 𝟏𝟖𝟑 𝑵. 𝒎
𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝑾

𝟏𝟔𝑻 𝟏𝟔(𝟑. 𝟏𝟖𝟑 𝑵. 𝒎) 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒎𝒎 𝟏 𝑴𝒑𝒂

𝝉 𝐃𝐦𝐚𝐱= 𝑫
= 𝟏𝑵 = 𝟏. 𝟎𝟑𝟕𝑴𝑷𝒂
𝝅𝒅 𝟑 𝝅(𝟐𝟓 𝒎𝒎) 𝟑 𝟏𝒎
𝒎𝒎 𝟐
The solid steel shaft AC has a diameter of 25 mm and is supported by smooth bearings at D
and E. It is coupled to a motor at C, which delivers 3 kW of power to the shaft while it is
turning at 50 rev/s. If gears A and B remove 1 kW and 2 kW, respectively, determine the
maximum shear stress in the shaft within regions AB and BC.

𝑷 = 𝟐𝝅𝑻𝒏 𝑷𝑬 = 𝟑 𝒌𝑾
𝒅 = 𝟐𝟓 𝒎𝒎 𝑷𝑫 = 𝟏 𝒌𝑾
𝒏 = 𝟓𝟎 𝒓𝒆𝒗/𝒔

𝟏 𝒌𝑾
𝑷𝑬 = 𝟐𝝅𝑻𝑬𝒏, (𝟑 𝒌𝑾) = 𝟐𝝅 𝑻𝑬 (𝟓𝟎 𝒓𝒆𝒗/𝒔) , 𝑻𝑬 = 𝟗. 𝟓𝟓 𝑵. 𝒎
𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝑾

𝟏 𝑴𝒑𝒂
𝝉 𝐄𝐦𝐚𝐱 = 𝟏𝟔𝑻𝑬 = 𝟏𝟔(𝟗. 𝟓𝟓 𝑵. 𝒎) 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒎𝒎 = 𝟑. 𝟏𝟏 𝑴𝑷𝒂
𝝅𝒅 𝟑 𝝅(𝟐𝟓 𝒎𝒎) 𝟑 𝟏𝒎 𝟏𝑵
𝒎𝒎 𝟐