Lesson Plan in Social Studies – Grade 11

Subject: Economics Date: April 1, 2023

Grade and Section: 11- St. Matthew Time: 3:00-4:00 PM

I. OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson the students are expected to:
1. Learn about the production possibilities.

II. SUBJECT MATTER:

Topic: Production Possibilities
Materials: Laptop and PowerPoint Presentation
Reference:
Duration: One (1) hour
III. PROCEDURE:

A. Preliminary Activities
a. Greetings
- Good morning class.
- How is your day so far? - Good morning
- I’m glad that you are all doing fine! too Ma’am! We
- Okay, before we begin let us first feel the presence of our are fine.
Almighty God.
b. Prayer
Let’s all rise for the prayer. May I request someone from the - Mr. Mallari
class to lead the prayer? leads the
c. Checking of Attendance prayer.
Is there anyone who’s absent today?
Alright! It’s good to hear that everyone is present in the class. - None, Ma’am.
d. Online Class Rules
Before anything else I just want to remind all of you about
proper decorum during the class. When you any concerns just
raise your hand and you will be given permission to speak. - Okay, Ma’am.
e. Review
Let’s have a short review on our past lesson that we have
discussed. What was our lesson all about?
Yes, Kara? -Ma’am, our past
lesson is all about
economic choices
which involve trade-
offs and the careful
evaluation of
opportunity costs.
Trade-off as alternative
that is available
whenever a choice is
to be made and
 opportunity cost is the
cost of the next-best
alternative use of
money, time, or
Great! I’m very happy as our past lesson is still fresh in your resources when
mind. making a choice.

Lesson Proper
B. AWARENESS (MOTIVATION)
- Show a video clip about facing trade-offs and deciding what
goods and services to produce.

- What have you observed about the video? -I observed that

Yes, Dara? deciding what goods
and services to
produce is really a
struggle to economists.
That’s great.

With that, what do you think is our lesson for today? -Our lesson for today
Yes, Mr. Vina? is all about Production
Possibilities.

Since you all have an idea about what we are going to discuss
today, let us now start our lesson.
- Okay, Ma’am.
C. ACTIVITY
Before we begin our discussion, let’s have a game. The title of
the game is “Fix Me”. I will the class into 5 groups. 1st row will
be the Group 1, 2nd row will be the Group 2, 3 rd row will be the
Group 3, 4th row will be the Group 4, and 5 th row will be the
Group 5. I will be flashing a jumbled letters related to our
topic today in the board and the first group that will provide
the correct answer will be given a point. The group who has a
highest point will be the winner.

Are you ready class? - Yes, Ma’am.

Okay! Let’s start.

1. D E T A R - F F O Group 4 – Trade-Off
That’s correct!

2. P R D U T O N I O C Group 5- Production
Very good!

3. PP O R O U T Y TI N Group 2 –
 Correct! Opportunity

4. A L E R T A N I V E
That’s correct! Group 4- Alternative

5. R E I T R O N F Group 1 – Frontier
You got it right, Group 4.

The winners for today’s game are Group 4. Congratulations!

In relation to our game just concluded, how were you able to

arrange the letters?
Any volunteer from Group 4?
Yes, Mr. Valderama? Since we already have
a knowledge about the
lesson we just think of
the possible words
about our assignment
which is to make an
advance reading on
our next topic and then
matched it in the
jumbled letters in the
Thank you, Mr. Valderama. I’m glad that you already have a board.
knowledge about our lesson and I know that there’s a lot more
for all of you to learn today.

D. ANALYSIS

To illustrate opportunity cost, economists use the production

possibilities frontier, a diagram representing various combinations of
goods and services an economy can produce when all its resources
are in use. In the example in Figure 1.6, a mythical country called
Alpha produces two goods—cars and clothing. Identifying Possible
Alternatives Even though Alpha produces only two goods, the
country has a number of alternatives available to it. For example, it
could choose to use all of its resources to produce 70 units of cars and
300 units of clothing, which is shown as point a in Figure 1.6. Or it
could shift some of its resources out of car production and into
clothing, thereby moving to point b. Alpha could even choose to
produce at point c, which represents all clothing and no cars, or at
point e, which is inside the frontier.
The production possibilities frontier shows the different combinations
of two products that can be produced if all resources are fully
employed.

Alpha has many alternatives available to it, which is why the figure is
called a production “possibilities” frontier. Eventually, though, Alpha
will have to settle on a single combination such as point a, b, or any
other point on or inside the curve, because its resources are limited.

Fully Employed Resources

All points on the curve such as a, b, and c represent maximum
combinations of output that are possible if all resources are fully
employed. To illustrate, suppose that Alpha is producing at point a,
and the people would like to move to point d, which represents the
same amount of cars, but more clothing. As long as all resources are
fully employed at point a, there are no extra resources available to
produce the extra clothing. Therefore, point d cannot be reached, nor
can any other point outside the curve. This is why the figure is called
a production possibilities “frontier”—to indicate the maximum
combinations of goods and services that can be produced.

The Cost of Idle Resources

If some resources were not fully employed, then it would be
impossible for Alpha to reach its maximum potential production.
Suppose that Alpha was producing at point b when workers in the
clothing industry went on strike. Clothing production
would fall, causing total output to change to point e. The opportunity
cost of the unemployed resources would be the 100 units of lost
clothing production. Production at point e could also be the
result of other idle resources, such as factories or land that are
available but not being used. As long as some resources are idle,
the country cannot produce on its frontier— which is another way of
saying that it cannot reach its full production potential.
Opportunity Cost
Suppose that Alpha was producing at point a and that it wanted to
move to point b. This is clearly possible as long as point b is not
outside the production possibilities frontier. However, Alpha will
have to give something up in return. As shown in Figure 1.7, the
opportunity cost of producing the 100 additional units of clothing is
the 30 units of cars given up. As you can see, opportunity cost applies
to almost all activities, and it is not always measured in terms of
dollars and cents. For example, you need to balance the time you
spend doing homework and the time you spend with your friends. If
you decide to spend extra hours on your homework, the opportunity
cost of this action is the time that you cannot spend with your friends.
You normally have a number of trade-offs available whenever you
make a decision, and the opportunity cost of the choice you make is
the value of the next best alternative that you give up.

Economic Growth
The production possibilities frontier represents potential output at a
given point in time. Eventually, however, changes may cause the
production possibilities frontier to expand. The population
may grow, the stock of capital may expand, technology may improve,
or productivity may increase. If any of these changes occur, then
Alpha will be able to produce more in the future. The effect of
economic growth is shown in Figure 1.8. Economic growth, made
possible by having more resources or increased productivity, causes
the production possibilities frontier to move outward. Economic
growth will eventually allow Alpha to produce at point d,
which it could not do earlier.
E. APPLICATION
1. How can the production possibilities frontier be used to illustrate
economic growth?

F. ABSTRACTION
I know you’ve learned a lot of lessons today, so anyone who can
summarize our discussion?
Yes, Floria?

-To summarize our

lesson for today,
Very well said, Floria. economies face trade-
offs when
G. EVALUATION deciding what goods
TRUE OR FALSE. Write T if the statement is True and F if the and services to
statement is False. produce. Production
1. The production possibilities frontier represents potential possibilities
output at a given point in time. frontier diagram
2. The only way to expand the production possibilities frontier representing the
is to attain economic growth. maximum
3. The production possibilities frontier shows the different combinations of goods
combinations of two products that can be produced if all and/or services an
resources are fully employed. economy can produce
4. When the production for one item increases, the production when all productive
of other items decreases. resources are fully
5. Opportunity cost applies to almost all activities, and it is not employed.
always measured in terms of dollars and cents.
H. ASSINGMENT
Make an advance reading about our next topic: Thinking Like an
Economist

Answer: T

Answer: T

Answer: T

Answer: T

Answer: T

- Noted, Ma’am.