Web-Based Facial Authentication System

Main concepts :
1. Facial Recognition System: A technology that matches a human face from a
digital image or video frame against a database of faces.
2. Biometrics: Utilized in facial recognition to extract facial traits from images or
videos for identification.
3. Face Detection: The process of identifying and distinguishing a face image,
and analyzing facial features like eyes, nose, and mouth.
4. Face Recognition: Determining whether a given face is identified by
comparing facial features to known features in a database.
5. Faceprint: A numerical code derived from facial geometry data, including
distances between facial features.
*)This is a digital representation of a person's facial features. It is generated
by extracting relevant facial features like the distance between eyes, depth of
eye sockets, distance from forehead to chin, shape of cheekbones, lips, ears,
chin, nose, etc. These features are then converted into a numerical code.

6. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN): Deep learning models used for face
identification by converting face patterns into numerical codes.
7. Machine Learning: Algorithms that refine the process of creating and
comparing face templates for accurate identification.
8. Face Detection: This is the process of identifying human faces in digital
images or videos. It involves detecting the presence of faces and estimating
their facial landmarks, which are the coordinates of specific points on the face.
One common approach to face detection is using Haar cascades, which are
machine learning-based classifiers.
9. **Face Recognition: This is the process of identifying or verifying a person's
identity from a digital image or video frame. It involves comparing the facial
features of the input image with the features of known faces stored in a
database. One common approach to face recognition is using machine
learning algorithms like Support Vector Machines (SVMs) or Deep Learning
techniques like Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs).
10. Face Database: This is a collection of faceprints of known individuals. It is
used by the face recognition system to compare the input faceprint with the
stored faceprints and determine the identity of the person in the input image.
11. Camera Permission: Before the face recognition process can begin, the user
must grant permission for the system to access the camera. This permission
 is required to capture images or videos from the camera for face detection
and recognition.
12. User Authentication: This is the process of verifying the identity of a user
based on the input faceprint. It involves comparing the input faceprint with the
stored faceprints in the face database and determining whether the input
faceprint matches any of the stored faceprints.

Functional Flow:
1. Camera Permission: Once camera permission is granted, the system detects
the user's face using a webcam.
2. Face Detection: The system identifies facial features like eyes, nose, and
mouth in a 2D image.
3. Face Matching: The 2D image is matched with images in the database to find
a similar faceprint.
4. Face Geometry Analysis: The software reads facial geometry data such as
distances between eyes, depth of eye sockets, and shape of facial features.
5. Faceprint Creation: This data is converted into a numerical code known as a
faceprint, representing the unique facial characteristics.
6. Matching Process: The faceprint is compared with existing faceprints in the
system to generate a result indicating a match or mismatch
7. The user grants camera permission to the system.
8. The system captures images or videos from the camera.
9. The face detection algorithm detects faces in the captured images or videos.
10. For each detected face, the face recognition algorithm

Theoretical Aspects:
● Biometric Authentication: Utilizing unique biological characteristics for user
verification.
● Image Processing: Analyzing and processing images to extract facial features
for identification.
● Pattern Recognition: Identifying patterns in facial geometry to create distinct
faceprints.
 ● Neural Networks: Mimicking human neural systems to process and recognize
faces efficiently.
● Machine Learning Algorithms: Training models to learn and improve the
accuracy of face recognition.

⇒ A facial recognition system for user authentication involves capturing, analyzing,

and comparing facial features to verify a user's identity. This technology leverages
advanced concepts like biometrics, neural networks, and machine learning to ensure
accurate and secure authentication processes in various applications like “exam
proctoring”, “KYC processing”, and “mobile devices”.