Professional Documents
Culture Documents
(Download PDF) Essence of Anesthesia Practice Fourth Edition Lee A Fleisher Online Ebook All Chapter PDF
(Download PDF) Essence of Anesthesia Practice Fourth Edition Lee A Fleisher Online Ebook All Chapter PDF
(Download PDF) Essence of Anesthesia Practice Fourth Edition Lee A Fleisher Online Ebook All Chapter PDF
https://textbookfull.com/product/biota-grow-2c-gather-2c-cook-
loucas/
https://textbookfull.com/product/principles-of-animal-behavior-
fourth-edition-lee-alan-dugatkin/
https://textbookfull.com/product/complications-of-regional-
anesthesia-principles-of-safe-practice-in-local-and-regional-
anesthesia-3rd-edition-brendan-t-finucane/
https://textbookfull.com/product/lymphedema-a-concise-compendium-
of-theory-and-practice-2nd-edition-byung-boong-lee/
Economics for healthcare managers Fourth Edition.
Edition Robert H. Lee
https://textbookfull.com/product/economics-for-healthcare-
managers-fourth-edition-edition-robert-h-lee/
https://textbookfull.com/product/the-essence-of-numbers-frederic-
patras/
https://textbookfull.com/product/the-essence-of-software-
engineering-volker-gruhn/
https://textbookfull.com/product/pocket-marrakesh-top-sights-
local-life-made-easy-fourth-edition-lee/
https://textbookfull.com/product/the-assessment-of-l2-written-
english-across-the-mena-region-a-synthesis-of-practice-lee-
mccallum/
EDITION 4
Lee A. Fleisher, MD
Robert D. Dripps Professor and Chair of
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
Professor of Medicine
Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Michael F. Roizen, MD
Roizen Family Chair
Wellness Institute
Professor of Anesthesiology
Chief Wellness Officer
The Cleveland Clinic
Cleveland, Ohio
@ejournals
1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd.
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103-2899
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from
the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies, and our
arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency can be
found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions.
This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than
as may be noted herein).
Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our
understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using
any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they
should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional
responsibility.
With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the most current
information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered,
to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications.
It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make
diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety
precautions.
To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors assume any liability
for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or
from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein.
v
Contributors
CONTRIBUTORS
Cerebrovascular Transient Ischemic Attack
Ann Arbor, Michigan Professor of Infectious Diseases
Clinical Assistant Professor Mayo Clinic and Foundation
Wayne State University T. Anthony Anderson, MD, PhD Rochester, Minnesota
Detroit, Michigan Assistant Professor of Anesthesia Cytomegalovirus Infection
Goldenhar Syndrome Harvard Medical School
Assistant Anesthetist, Department of Anesthesia,
Daniel Bainbridge, MD, FRCPC
Antony Aho, MBChB, FANZCA Critical Care and Pain Medicine
Massachusetts General Hospital Associate Professor
Consultant Anaesthetist Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative
Boston, Massachusetts
Department of Anaesthesia Medicine
Asthma, Acute
Waikato Hospital Western University
Brain Death
Hamilton, New Zealand London, Canada
Dabigatran Patent Foramen Ovale
Solomon Aronson, MD, MBA,
Shamsuddin Akhtar, MD FACC, FCCP, FAHA, FASE Emily Baird, MD, PhD
Associate Professor, Anesthesiology and Pharmacology Professor Assistant Professor
Department of Anesthesiology Duke University School of Medicine Department of Anesthsiology and Perioperative
Yale University School of Medicine Executive Vice Chair, Department of Anesthesiology Medicine
New Haven, Connecticut Duke University Health System Oregon Health and Science University
Diabetic Ketoacidosis Vice Chair and Director of Business Development Portland, Oregon
Fat Embolism Duke Private Diagnostic Clinic Eclampsia
Board of Managers
Duke Connective Care
David B. Albert, MD Durham, North Carolina Sohail Bampoe, MBBS, BSc,
Administrative Vice Chair and Director
Outpatient Anesthesia
Myxoma AICSM, FRCA
Consultant in Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine
Department of Anesthesiology
New York University Hospital for Joint Diseases Lance C. Atchley, MD University College London Hospitals NHS
Resident Foundation Trust
Clinical Associate Professor of Anesthesiology
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care London, United Kingdom
Department of Anesthesiology
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Thalassemia
New York University
New York, New York Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Osteoporosis Juvenile Gaucher Disease (Type III/Subacute Oliver Bandschapp, MD
Neuronopathic) Privatdozent of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care
Medicine
Navid Alem, MD
Assistant Clinical Professor John G. Augoustides, MD Department of Anesthesia, Surgical Intensive Care,
Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology and Critical Prehospital Emergency Medicine and Pain Therapy
Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care
Care University of Basel
University of California Irvine School of Medicine
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Basel, Switzerland
Irvine, California
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Fasmilial Periodic Paralysis
Cocaine
Sildenafil Citrate
vii
Contributors
Shawn Banks, MD G. Richard Benzinger, MD, PhD Stephanie Black, MD, EdM
Associate Professor of Anesthesiology Associate Professor Assistant Professor
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Department of Anesthesiology Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care
Miami, Florida Washington University School of Medicine Medicine
Burn Injury, Chemical St. Louis, Missouri Perelman School of Medicine at the University of
Burn Injury, Flame Intraoperative Recall Pennsylvania
The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
Paul G. Barash, MD Bryce C. Bernard, MD Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Down Syndrome
Professor Resident, Anesthesiology
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (Pseudohypertrophic
Department of Anesthesiology University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
Muscular Dystrophy)
Yale University School of Medicine Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
New Haven, Connecticut Hypokalemia
Aortic Regurgitation Mary A. Blanchette, MD
Gianluca Bertolizio, MD Medical Director of Multnomah Pavilion Ambulatory
Kathleen E. Barrett, MD Assistant Professor and Anesthesiologist Anesthesia
Assistant Professor
Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology Department of Anesthesia
Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative
Department of Anesthesiology Montreal Children’s Hospital
Medicine
University of Florida McGill University
Oregon Health and Sciences University
Gainesville, Florida Montreal, Canada
Portland, Oregon
Ulcerative Colitis, Chronic Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 and 2
Mark J. Baskerville, MD, JD, MBA Sumita Bhambhani, MD Yiliam F. Rodriguez Blanco, MD
Assistant Professor Assistant Professor
Associate Professor of Clinical Anesthesiology
Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Department of Anesthesiology
Chief of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia and Director of
Medicine Temple University Hospital
Clinical Research
Oregon Health and Science University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine,
Portland, Oregon Epidermolysis Bullosa
and Pain Management
Cardiac Tamponade
Division of CVT Anesthesia
Shobana Bharadwaj, MBBS University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
Burton D. Beakley, MD Assistant Professor Miami, Florida
Anesthesiologist Department of Anesthesiology Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome
CONTRIBUTORS
CONTRIBUTORS
Baltimore, Maryland DPhil, MRCP
Peter H. Breen, MD, FRCPC Latex Allergy Consultant Rheumatologist
Associate Professor (Tenured) Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust
Past Chairman Claude Brunson, MD Worchester, United Kingdom
Department of Anesthesiology Assistant Professor Takayasu Disease
School of Medicine Department of Anesthesiology
University of California, Irvine University of Mississippi School of Medicine Martin J. Carney, BS
Attending Anesthesiologist Jackson, Mississippi Senior Medical Student
UCI Medical Center Sleep Apnea, Obstructive Tulane University School of Medicine
Orange, California New Orleans, Louisiana
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Cyanide Poisoning
Trent Bryson, MD Bipolar Disorder
Assistant Professor
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management Michael Carrigan, MD
Marjorie Brennan, MD University of Texas Southwestern Resident
Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics Dallas, Texas Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative
George Washington University School of Medicine Blebs and Bullae Medicine
and Health Sciences Oregon Health and Science University
Division of Anesthesiology, Sedation, and Perioperative
Medicine
Marek Brzezinski, MD, PhD Portland, Oregon
Professor Cogan Syndrome
Children’s National Health System Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care
Washington, District of Columbia
Carnitine Deficiency
University of California San Francisco School of Juan P. Cata, MD
Medicine Assistant Professor
San Francisco, California Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative
Megan A. Brockel, MD Atrial Flutter Medicine
Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
University of Colorado School of Medicine
Pediatric Anesthesiologist
Donal J. Buggy, MD, FRCPI, FCAI, Founder and Chair
Anesthesiology and Surgical Oncology Research
Children’s Hospital Colorado FRCA Group (ASORG)
Aurora, Colorado Full Professor of Anaesthesia Houston, Texas
Mucopolysaccharidoses Mater Misericordiae University Hospital Chemotherapeutic Agents
University College
Dublin, Ireland
Melissa Brockerville, MD, FRCPC Lymphomas Davide Cattano, MD, PhD, DABA
Clinical Fellow Associate Professor
Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Department of Anesthesiology
University of Toronto Kristen Burton, MD The McGovern Medical School
Toronto Western Hospital Anesthesia Resident University of Texas Health Science Center
Toronto, Canada Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Houston, Texas
Seizures, Absence (Petit Mal) Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Angiotensin II Receptor Blocking Drugs
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Phencyclidine
Ludwig Angina
ix
Contributors
Shreveport, Louisiana
Tranexamic Acid
Christopher Ciarallo, MD
Department of Anesthesiology Michelle R. Cole, MB, ChB
Denver Health Medical Center Anaesthetic Registrar
Vikas Chauhan, MBBS, MD Pediatric Anesthesiology University College London Hospitals
Senior Resident The Children’s Hospital London, United Kingdom
Department of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Assistant Professor P2Y12 Receptor Blockers
Care Department of Anesthesiology Thalassemia
All India Institute of Medical Sciences University of Colorado
New Delhi, India Denver, Colorado
Nelson Syndrome Cromolyn Sodium Sheela Pai Cole, MD
Clinical Associate Professor
Anesthesiology and Perioperative and Pain Medicine
Theodore G. Cheek, MD Sophia T. Cisler, MD, MSEd Stanford University
Associate Professor Resident Physician Stanford, California
Departments of Anesthesia and Obstetrics and Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Atrial Fibrillation
Gynecology Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury
Director of Obstetric Anesthesia Deep Vein Thrombosis Ventricular Fibrillation
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
St. John’s Wort (Hypercium perforatum)
Franklyn P. Cladis, MD, FAAP Aisling Conran, MD
Associate Professor of Anesthesiology Director of Office Based Anesthesia
The Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC West Central Anesthesia
Shane V. Cherry, MD University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Staff Anesthesiologist
Resident Physician Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Central Dupage Hospital
Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine Craniosynostosis Winfield, Illinois
and Pain Management Hirschsprung Disease Tacrolimus (FK-506)
Jackson Memorial Hospital
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
Miami, Florida
Anthony J. Clapcich, MD Daniel Cormican, MD
Associate Clinical Professor Staff Anesthesiologist and Intensivist
Encephalopathy, Hypertensive Department of Anesthesiology Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology and Critical Care
Columbia University Medicine
Albert T. Cheung, MD Director, Pediatric Cardiothoracic Anesthesia Department of Anesthesiology
Professor Director, Difficult Airway Simulation Program Allegheny Health Network
Department of Anesthesiology Children’s Hospital of New York-Presbyterian Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Stanford University School of Medicine New York, New York Hypokalemia
Stanford, California Double Aortic Arch
Mitral Stenosis
Elyse M. Cornett, BS
Mitral Valve Prolapse
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone
Richard C. Clarke, MD Clinical Research Coordinator, Anesthesiology
Assistant Professor of Clinical Anesthesiology Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center
Department of Anesthesiology Shreveport, Louisiana
Louisiana State University School of Medicine Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
New Orleans, Louisiana S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine
Hypopituitarism Tranexamic Acid
x
Contributors
CONTRIBUTORS
Gout
Schizophrenia
Bracken J. De Witt, MD, PhD Washington, District of Columbia
Chagas Disease
Assistant Professor
Wegener Granulomatosis (Granulomatosis With Department of Anesthesia
Polyangiitis) Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Sarah Deverman, MD
New Orleans, Louisiana Assistant Professor, Pediatric Anesthesiology
Craig E. Cummings, MD Ephedra (Ma-Huang) Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative
Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology Medicine
Medical College of Wisconsin
Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center
Stacie Deiner, MS, MD Oregon Health and Sciences University
Portland, Oregon
Associate Professor of Anesthesia, Neurosurgery,
Milwaukee, Wisconsin Tetralogy of Fallot
Geriatrics and Palliative Care
Familial Dysautonomia (Riley-Day Syndrome) Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
New York, New York Pascale Dewachter, MD, PhD
Chris J. Curatolo, MD, MEM Parkinson Disease (Paralysis Agitans) Anesthesiologist
Fellow, Division of Pain Management Service d’Anesthésie-Réanimation
Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain
Medicine
Francina Del Pino, MD Groupe Hospitalier de Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis
Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris and INSERM
Fellow, Pediatric Anesthesiology
The Mount Sinai Hospital UMR-S970, Sorbonne Paris Cité
UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Paris, France
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
New York, New York Mastocytosis
Craniosynostosis
Naltrexone
M. Veronica Dioverti, MD Thomas J. Ebert, MD, PhD Jonathan P. Eskander, MD, MBA
Instructor in Medicine Professor of Anesthesiology Resident
Department of Infectious Diseases Department of Anesthesiology Department of Anesthesiology
Mayo Clinic Medical College of Wisconsin Tulane/LSU Health
Rochester, Minnesota Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center New Orleans, Louisiana
Cytomegalovirus Infection Milwaukee, Wisconsin Gingko biloba
Familial Dysautonomia (Riley-Day Syndrome)
Jeffrey B. Dobyns, DO Nauder Faraday, MD MPH
Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology and Matthias Eikermann, MD, PhD Professor, Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine,
Perioperative Medicine Clinical Director Surgery, and Medicine
University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Medicine Medicine Baltimore, Maryland
Birmingham, Alabama Massachusetts General Hospital Thrombocytopenia
Hepatitis, Halothane Boston, Massachusetts
Swallowing Disorders Sarah C. Fausel, BA
Karen B. Domino, MD, MPH Medical Student
Professor and Vice Chair for Clinical Research Seth Eisdorfer, MD School of Medicine
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Assistant Professor Oregon Health and Science University
University of Washington School of Medicine Department of Anesthesiology Portland, Oregon
Seattle, Washington University of Colorado School of Medicine Anemia, Hemolytic
Silicosis Section of Pediatric Anesthesiology Central Neurogenic Hyperventilation
Children’s Hospital Colorado
Andra E. Duncan, MD, MS Aurora, Colorado
Gonorrhea
William J. Fawcett, FRCA,
Assistant Professor FFPMRCA
Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology Consultant in Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine
Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine Karim El Harchaoui, MD, PhD Department of Anaesthetics
Cleveland, Ohio Department of Anesthesiology Royal Surrey County Hospital
Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive Gelre Hospital Apeldoorn Guildford, United Kingdom
Apeldoorn, The Netherlands Honorary Senior Lecturer
Lauren K. Dunn, MD, PhD Spinal Muscular Atrophy University College London
Assistant Professor London, United Kingdom
Amir Elhassan, MD
CONTRIBUTORS
xii
Contributors
CONTRIBUTORS
San Antonio, Texas Rheumatoid Arthritis
Pickwickian Syndrome Scleroderma Steven M. Frank, MD
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators Associate Professor
Smallpox
Gordon N. Finlayson, BSc, MD, Spasmodic Torticollis
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care
Medicine
FRCP Spinal Cord Injury Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions
Cardiothoracic Anesthesiologist and Intensivist Sildenafil Citrate Baltimore, Maryland
Department of Anesthesiology St. John’s Wort (Hypercium perforatum) Anemia, Megaloblastic
University of British Columbia Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Polycythemia Vera
Vancouver General Hospital Subphrenic Abscess
Vancouver, Canada Supraventricular Tachycardia (Tachyarrhythmias)
Guillain-Barré Syndrome Syndrome X Geoff Frawley, MBBS, FANZCA
Tacrolimus (FK-506) Anaesthetist
Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management
Gregory W. Fischer, MD Upper Respiratory Infections
Royal Children’s Hospital
Professor and Chairman Urinary Lithiasis
Urticaria, Cold Anaesthesia and Pain Management Research Group
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Medicine Valerian (Valeriana officinalis)
Varicella-Zoster Virus Clinical Associate Professor
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Department of Paediatrics
New York, New York Warfarin (Coumadin)
Melbourne University
Ventricular Septal Rupture (Defect), Postmyocardial Melbourne, Australia
Infarction Melinda L. Fleming, MD, FRCPC Crouzon Syndrome
Program Director
Lee A. Fleisher, MD Postgraduate Anesthesiology Residency Program
Julie K. Freed, MD, PhD
Robert D. Dripps Professor and Chair of Assistant Professor
Departments of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Anesthesiologist
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Adult Cardiothoracic
Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Medicine and Pediatrics
Queen’s University Medical College of Wisconsin
Pennsylvania Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Kingston, Canada
Tracheoesophageal Fistula (Congenital) Endocardial Cushion Defect (Atrioventricular Canal)
Addison Disease
Angina, Chronic Stable
ACE Inhibitors Ronda R. Flower, MD Lewis Fry, MBBS, BMedSci
Antianxiety Medications Assistant Professor of Clinical Anesthesia (Student)
Aspirin (Acetylsalicyclic Acid) Department of Anesthesiology Medical Student
Autoimmune Diseases, Cold Louisiana State University School of Medicine Monash University
Beckwith-Widemann Syndrome New Orleans, Louisiana Melbourne, Australia
Bernard-Soulier Syndrome Bulimia Nervosa Substance Abuse Disorder (Perioperative)
Carpenter Syndrome (Acrocephalopolysyndactyly Type II)
Chagas Disease
Chromium David N. Flynn, MD, MBA Robert A. Fry, MBChB, FANZCA
Resident of Anesthesiology Consultant Anaesthetist
Creatinine
Department of Anesthesiology Auckland City Hospital
Cromolyn Sodium
University of Pennsylvania Auckland, New Zealand
Dandy-Walker Syndrome
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Substance Abuse Disorder (Perioperative)
Deep Vein Thrombosis
Friedreich Ataxia Hypoparathyroidism
xiii
Contributors
C. William Hanson III, MD, FCCM John A. Helmstetter, MD Charles W. Hogue Jr., MD
Professor of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Anesthesia Resident Professor of Anesthesiology and Critical Care
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania LSU Health Sciences Center Medicine
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New Orleans, Louisiana Chief
Bronchitis, Chronic Evening Primrose Division of Adult Anesthesia
Hypercalcemia Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Charles B. Hantler, MD Lithium Carbonate (Lithobid) Johns Hopkins Hospital
Baltimore, Maryland
Professor
Department of Anesthesiology Adrian Hendrickse, BM, FRCA Chagas Disease
Washington University School of Medicine Associate Professor
St. Louis, Missouri Department of Anesthesiology Natalie F. Holt, MD, MPH
Adrenal Insufficiency, Acute or Secondary University of Colorado Assistant Professor
Aurora, Colorado Department of Anesthesiology
Jonathan G. Hardman, BMedSci Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Yale School of Medicine
New Haven, Connecticut
(Hons), BM, BS, FANZCA, FRCA,
DM Greg Hertel, MD Staff Anesthesiologist and Medical Director
Ambulatory Procedures Unit
Resident
Professor and Head of Department Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, West Haven
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care
Anaesthesia and Critical Care Campus
University of Pennsylvania
School of Medicine West Haven, Connecticut
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
University of Nottingham Diabetes Insipidus
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome
Nottingham, United Kingdom
Hyperaldosteronism, Primary
Hyperaldosteronism, Secondary Eric J. Heyer, MD, PhD Jiri Horak, MD
Anesthesiology Resident
Professor Emeritus of Anesthesiology and Neurology
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care
Matthew Hart, MS, CRNA Special Research Scientist
Department of Neurological Surgery University of Pennsylvania
Chief Nurse Anesthetist Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Columbia University
Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine Noonan Syndrome
New York, New York
Oregon Health and Science University
Cerebrovascular Transient Ischemic Attack
Portland, Oregon
Bronchiectasis Lyndsay M. Hoy, MD
James G. Hilliard, MS, CRNA Clinical Instructor
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
CONTRIBUTORS
Timothy Heinke, MD Instructor, School of Medicine
Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Assistant Professor of Anesthesia Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
Oregon Health and Science University
Medical University of South Carolina Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators
Portland, Oregon
Charleston, South Carolina
Ginseng
Coronary Artery Disease (Left Main and Non–Left
Main Disease) Nathaniel N. Hsu, MD
Roberta Hines, MD Instructor and OB Anesthesia Fellow
Anesthesiology and Critical Care
Erik M. Helander, MBBS Nicholas M. Greene Professor
Department of Anesthesiology Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
Anesthesiology Resident Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Yale University School of Medicine
Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Abruptio Placentae
New Haven, Connecticut
New Orleans, Louisiana Pregnancy, Intra-Abdominal
Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome
Hypermagnesemia
Opitz-Frias Syndrome (The G Syndrome)
Lipidemias
Stephanie Huang, MD
Mark Helfaer, MD Natalia Hnatiuk, MD Resident Physician
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care
Pediatric Anesthesiologist
Professor of Anesthesiology and Critical Care University of Pennsylvania
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care
Pediatrics and Nursing Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Medicine
University of Pennsylvania Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency
American Anesthesiology
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Royal Oak, Michigan
Friedreich Ataxia
Subclavian Steal Syndrome Julie L. Huffmyer, MD
Associate Professor of Anesthesiology
Joshua A. Heller, MD Anthony M.-H. Ho, MD, FRCPC, Department of Anesthesiology
Assistant Professor University of Virginia
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai FCCP Charlottesville, Virginia
Mount Sinai West and Mount Sinai St. Luke’s Professor and Director of Pediatric Anesthesia Cystic Fibrosis
Hospitals Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative
New York, New York Medicine
Marfan Syndrome Queen’s University Hayden R. Hughes, JD, MD
Kingston, Canada Assistant Professor
Tracheoesophageal Fistula (Congenital) University of Alabama at Birmingham
Lori B. Heller, MD Birmingham, Alabama
Medical Director Anemia, Chronic Disease/Inflammation
Swedish Blood Management Program Rosemary M.G. Hogg, MB, ChB,
Department of Anesthesiology FRCA, MD James W. Ibinson, MD, PhD
Division of Cardiac Anesthesia Consultant Anaesthetist
Assistant Professor
Clinical Instructor Belfast Health and Social Care Trust
Department of Anesthesiology and Clinical and
University of Washington Belfast, Northern Ireland
Translational Science Institute
Seattle, Washington Chondroitin Sulfate
University of Pittsburgh
Pseudoephedrine
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Glaucoma, Open-Angle
xv
Contributors
CONTRIBUTORS
Clinical Professor of Anesthesiology
Department of Anesthesiology
Michael R. King, MD SUNY Distinguished Professor
Instructor Anesthesiology
David Geffen School of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine State University of New York at Buffalo
University of California Los Angeles Attending Anesthesiologist Buffalo, New York
Los Angeles, California Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago IgA Deficiency
Reye Syndrome Chicago, Illinois Immune Suppression
Malignant Hyperthermia and Other Anesthetic-Induced Q Fever
Sabry Khalil, MD Myodystrophies Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Staff Neuroanesthesiologist
Ochsner Health System
New Orleans, Louisiana
Jeffrey R. Kirsch, MD W. Andrew Kofke, MD, MBA,
Assistant Professor
Professor and Chair FCCM
Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Professor
University of Queensland Medicine Director of Neuroanesthesia
Brisbane, Australia Associate Dean for Clinical and Veterans Affairs Co-Director of Neurocritical Care
Multiple Sclerosis Oregon Health and Science University Departments of Anesthesia and Neurosurgery
Portland, Oregon University of Pennsylvania
Robyna Irshad Khan, FCPS (Anes- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
thesiology), MHSc (Bioethics) Amphetamines Seizures, Epileptic
Associate Professor Bronchiectasis
Cogan Syndrome
Department of Anaesthesiology
Aga Khan University De Morsier Syndrome Antoun Koht, MD
Foreign Body Aspiration Professor
Karachi, Pakistan
Gastrinoma Departments of Anesthesiology, Neurological Surgery,
Hormone Replacement Therapy
Ginseng and Neurology
Histiocytosis Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
Wajid M. Khan, MBBS, FCPS, Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome Chicago, Illinois
FCAI, DPMCAI Marijuana Infratentorial Tumors
Anesthesiologi Pericardial Effusion Supratentorial Brain Tumors
Mater Misericordiae University Hospital Thiazolidinediones
University College Vitamin K Deficiency Guy Kositratna, MD
Dublin, Ireland Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome Visiting Scholar
Lymphomas Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care
John Kissko III, BCE, MS, MD University of Pennsylvania
Puneet Khanna, MBBS, MD Assistant Professor of Clinical Anesthesiology and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Assistant Professor Critical Care Seizures, Epileptic
Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Attending Anesthesiologist
Critical Care Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Alf Kozian, MD, PhD
All India Institute of Medical Sciences Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Assistant Professor
New Delhi, India Cephalopelvic Disproportion Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care
Sturge-Weber Syndrome Ludwig Angina Medicine
Uterine Rupture Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg
Magdeburg, Germany
Niemann-Pick Disease xvii
Contributors
School of Medicine Columbia University Medical Center University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
New Orleans, Louisiana New York, New York Little Rock, Arkansas
Cerebral Palsy Riley-Day Syndrome (Familial Dysautonomia, Hereditary Diabetes, Type III (Gestational Diabetes Mellitus)
and Sensory Autonomic Neuropathy Type III)
J. Lance LaFleur, MD, MBA Karen S. Lindeman, MD
Department of Anesthesiology Marshall K. Lee, MD Associate Professor
University of Texas Medical School Assistant Professor Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine
Houston, Texas Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative The Johns Hopkins University
Pyridostigmine Bromide Medicine Baltimore, Maryland
Oregon Health and Science University Placenta Previa
Kirk Lalwani, MB, BS, FRCA, MCR Portland, Oregon
Professor of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics Complement Deficiency Regina Linganna, MD
Vice-Chair for Faculty Development Resident Physician
Director, Pediatric Anesthesiology Fellowship Program Susan M. Lee, MD, FRCPC, MAS Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care
Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (Clinical Research) Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Oregon Health and Science University Assistant Adjunct Professor
Portland, Oregon Long QT Syndrome
University of California San Francisco
Anemia, Hemolytic San Francisco, California
Central Neurogenic Hyperventilation Anesthesiologist Ronald S. Litman, DO
Echinacea (American Coneflower, Purple Coneflower, E. Royal Columbian Hospital Professor of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics
Angustifolia, E. Purpurea, E. Pallida) New Westminster, Canada Perelman School of Medicine at the University of
Tetanus Nicotine Replacement Therapies Pennsylvania
The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
William L. Lanier, MD Mark J. Lema, MD, PhD Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Professor of Anesthesiology Klippel-Feil Syndrome
SUNY Distinguished Service Professor and Chair
Department of Anesthesiology Malignant Hyperthermia and Other Anesthetic-Induced
Department of Anesthesiology
Mayo Clinic Myodystrophies
Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
Rochester, Minnesota University at Buffalo
Hyperglycemia Buffalo, New York Geoffrey L. Liu, BA
Alkylating Agents Medical Student
Gregory J. Latham, MD Bleomycin Tulane University School of Medicine
Associate Professor, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine New Orleans, Louisiana
Director, Pediatric Cardiac Anesthesiology Fellowship Maggie Lesley, MD Hyperparathyroidism
University of Washington Assistant Professor
Seattle Children’s Hospital Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care
Seattle, Washington Medicine
Transposition of the Great Arteries Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Baltimore, Maryland
Jaundice
xviii
Contributors
CONTRIBUTORS
Birmingham, Alabama Baltimore, Maryland
Philip D. Lumb, MB, BS, MCCM Hepatitis, Halothane Placenta Previa
Professor of Anesthesiology
Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern
California Dennis T. Mangano, MD, PhD Cory D. Maxwell, MD, FASE
Editor-in-Chief Director and Founder Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology
The Journal of Critical Care McSPI Research Group Durham VA Medical Center
Los Angeles, California San Francisco, California Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology
Lyme Disease Myocardial Ischemia Department of Anesthesiology
Cardiothoracic Division
Astri M.V. Luoma, MBChB, FRCA Luiz Maracaja, MD Duke University
Durham, North Carolina
Consultant Neuroanaesthetist Assistant Professor
Cardiomyopathy, Ischemic
National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery Department of Anesthesiology
University College London Hospitals NHS University of Texas Health Science Center at San
Foundation Trust Antonio Lynne G. Maxwell, MD, FAAP
London, United Kingdom San Antonio, Texas Senior Anesthesiologist
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Mitral Regurgitation Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care
Pertussis (Whooping Cough) Medicine
Anne M. Lynn, MD The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
Professor, Anesthesiology and Pediatrics (Adjunct) Inna Maranets, MD Emeritus Professor, Anesthesiology and Critical Care
Perelman School of Medicine at the University of
University of Washington School of Medicine Assistant Professor
Pennsylvania
Seattle Children’s Hospital Department of Anesthesiology
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Seattle, Washington University of Connecticut School of Medicine
Duodenal Atresia
Jeune Syndrome (Asphyxiating Thoracic Dystrophy) Attending Anesthesiologist
St. Francis Hospital and Medical Center
Jonathan G. Ma, MD Hartford, Connecticut C. David Mazer, MD, FRCPC
Resident Eisenmerger Syndrome Professor of Anesthesia and Physiology
Department of Anesthesiology Pyloric Stenosis Department of Anesthesia
Louisiana State University Treacher Collins Syndrome Keenan Research Center in the Li Ka Shing
New Orleans, Louisiana Knowledge Institute of St. Michael’s Hospital
Gingko biloba Piedad Cecilia Echeverry Marín, University of Toronto
Toronto, Canada
Herpes, Type II
Hypernatremia
MD Cilostazol
Pediatric Anesthesiologist
Hypertension, Uncontrolled With Cardiomyopathy Coordinator of National Committee of Pediatric
Hypopituitarism Anesthesia Niamh A. McAuliffe, MBBCh,
Tetracyclines Colombian Society of Anesthesia FCARCSI, FRCPC
Instituto de Ortopedia Infantil Roosevelt Staff Anesthesiologist
Emily J. MacKay, DO Bogota, Colombia St. Michael’s Hospital
Cardiothoracic Anesthesia Fellow Scimitar Syndrome Lecturer
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care University of Toronto
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Toronto, Canada
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Cilostazol
Pneumonia, Community-Acquired
xix
Preface
It has been 6 years since the last edition of Essence of Anesthesia Practice was published and
2 decades since the first edition. The goal of this text was, and continues to be, to provide a
concise summary that allows you to act for your patient with more complete knowledge of the
pathophysiology of both common and rare conditions seen in the perioperative period as well
as the medications used to treat these conditions. We have eliminated the summaries for surgi-
cal procedures in favor of more rare diseases as well as general drugs that patients take on an
outpatient basis.
These summaries are structured in a defined way to enable you to focus on the key facts and
issues as well as the anticipated concerns regarding these conditions and medications in order
that you, the anesthesiologists, can function as perioperative physicians and provide optimal care
of the patient. We have done PubMed and Google searches, selected key references, read the
articles and case reports, and boiled the hours of reading into 10 minutes of summary with all
the key points highlighted. Treatments, including medications for chronic conditions, continue
to evolve, and it is difficult to keep up with the perioperative implications and appropriate pre-
operative evaluation without this effort. We also felt that in previous editions we did not include
as many uncommon conditions as we would like and as you wanted. We therefore enrolled more
than 500 authors, some of whom wrote the original chapters and many of whom are new, and
have either updated the original chapters or added new topics to address these concerns in the
fourth edition of Essence of Anesthesia Practice.
PREFACE
This edition continues to improve and update the material that went before and to add the
most up-to-date topics and new medications. We continue to include a large section on herbal
medications given their popularity and common use by our surgical patients. We believe that the
current format lends itself to quick review and orientation of the practitioner to perioperative
implications at the point of care.
We wish to thank the authors of the previous edition upon which many of the new authors
produced revised chapters. We also thank Dolores Meloni, our Executive Content Strategist at
Elsevier, and Rae Robertson, our Senior Content Development Specialist, for ensuring that our
book received appropriate editing and development as well as providing the relentless support
for this text to be published in a timely manner.
Lee A. Fleisher, MD
Michael F. Roizen, MD
xxxi
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
The Project Gutenberg eBook of Echo de Paris
This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States
and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no
restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it
under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this
ebook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the
United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where
you are located before using this eBook.
Language: English
Laurence Housman