• Physical Quantity – the numerical data of physical • Inertia – the tendency of an object to remain at

objects (e.g., 20 meters, 2.3 kg, 2 seconds rest/constant velocity when acted upon by a force
• 7 Fundamental Quantities: length, time, mass, Ex. a bowling ball has more inertia than a balloon
temperature, electric current, amount of substance, • Newton’s 1st Law of Motion – “An object in motion
luminous intensity will remain in motion, and an object at rest will
• Scalar – a kind of physical quantity that describes remain at rest, unless acted upon by an external
only the magnitude (number and unit) of an object force.”
Ex. mass, distance, speed, temperature, density • Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion – “Force is equal to
• Vector – a kind of physical quantity that describes mass times acceleration.”
the magnitude (number and unit) and direction of • Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion – “For every action,
an object there is an equal and opposite reaction.”
Ex. weight, displacement, velocity, acceleration, • Free Body Diagram
force
• Distance – the total length of the route traveled by
an object
• Displacement – the distance from the initial
position to the final position of an object. It is the
length of the shortest line that connects its initial
and final position points.
• Average velocity – is equal to the average of the
initial and the final velocities
• Instantaneous velocity – the exact velocity at a
certain time. It is equal to the slope (derivative) of
the displacement (x) vs time graph.
• Kinematics – the study of motion without
consideration for what is causing the motion. It
includes time and space factors associated with
movement.
• Free fall – it happens when you ither drop a ball or
throw a ball straight upwards with no horizontal (x)
component. It is commonly assumed that there is
no air resistance.
• Projectile motion – the same as free fall but with
horizontal (x) component. Its shape is a parabola
opens downward.
• Force – a vector quantity expressed in Newtons [N].
It is an interaction of two bodies or a body and an
environment. It can also be conceptualized as a
push/pull.
F=ma
• Types of Forces (Contact Forces): applied force,
normal force, frictional force, air resistance force,
tension force, spring force
• Types of Forces (Action-at-a-Distance Forces):
gravitational force, electrical force, magnetic force
• Mass – a scalar quantity that measures the amount
of matter a body contains
• Weight – the gravitational force
• Equilibrium – a state at which an object is either at
rest or moving in a constant velocity, i.e., it has no
acceleration nor net force