IAS - PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS (2020–1983) ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS / 1

IAS
PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS (2020-1983)
SEGMENT-WISE
ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
2020  1
 Solve the following differential equation : Γn +1 + 
 2
 y  y [10]
x cos   ( y dx + x dy) = y sin   x dy − y dx n +1+
1
 x  x S 2

[10]
 Find the linearly independent solutions of the
 Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of corresponding homogeneous differential equation
circles passing through the points (0, 2) and (0, –2). of the equation x2 y″ – 2xy′ + 2y = x3 sin x and then
[10] find the general solution of the given equation by
 Using the method of variation of parameters, solve the method of variation of parameters. [15]
the differential equation y″ + (1 – cot x)y′ – y cot  Obtain the singular solution of the differential
x = sin2 x, if y = e–x is one solution of CF. [20] equation
 Using Laplace transform, solve the initial value 2 2 2
problem, ty″ + 2ty′ + 2y = 2; y(0) = 1 and y′(0) is  dy   y   dy   y   y 
 dx   x  cot α − 2  dx   x  +  x  cos ec α = 1
2 2

arbitrary. Does this problem have a unique solution ?         

[10] Also find the complete primitive of the given
 (i) Solve the following differential equation : differential equation. Give the geometrical
(x + 1)2 y″ –4(x + 1)y′ + 6y = 6(x + I)2 + sin log interpretations of the complete primitive and
(x + 1) [10] singular solution. [15]
(ii) Find the general and singular solutions of the
differential equation 9p2(2 – y)2 = 4(3 – y), 2018
dy
 Solve : y   y  x e
2 2x
where p = . [10] (10)
dx
 Solve y   6 y   12 y   8 y  12e
2x x
 27e
2019 (10)
 Solve the differential equations 1
 Find the Laplace transform of f (t ) = . (05)
(2y sin x + 3y4 sin x cos x) dx – (4y3 cos2 x + cos x) t
dy = 0 [10]
 Find the inverse Laplace transform of
 Determine the complete solution of the differential
equation 5s 2  3s  16
(05)
d2 y dy ( s  1)( s  2)( s  3)
−4 + 4 y = 3x 2 e2 x sin 2x . [10]
dx 2
dx  dy  dy
2

 (i) Solve the differential equation

 Solve   y  2 x  y  0. (13)
 dx  dx
d2 y dy
+ ( 3 sin x − cot x ) + 2y sin 2 x = e− cos x ⋅ sin 2 x  Solve y   16 y  32 sec 2 x . (13)
dx 2
dx

[10]  Solve
(1  x) 2 y   (1  x) y   y  4 cos(log(1  x)) (13)
(ii) Find the Laplace transforms of t–t/2 and t1/2.
1
n+  Solve the initial value problem (13)
Prove that the Laplace transform of t 2
, where
y   5 y   4 y  e 2t

n ∈ , is 19 8
y (0)  , y (0) 
12 3
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2 / ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS IAS - PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS (2020–1983)
 Find α and β such that xαyβ is an integrating factor 8 sin x if 0 < x < π
where r( x ) =  (17)
of (4 y  3 xy ) dx - (3 xy  2 x ) dy  0  0 if x ≥π
2 2

and solve the equation. (12)

 Find f(y) such that 2016
y
(2 xe  3 y )dy  (3 x  f ( y ))dx  0
2 2
 Find a particular integral of
d2 y x 3
is exact and hence solve. (12) 2
 y  e x / 2 sin . (10)
dx 2
2017  Solve :
 Find the differential equation representing all the
circles in the x-y plane. (10)
dy

1
 etan1 x  y  (10)
 Suppose that the streamlines of the fluid flow dx 1  x 2

are given by a family of curves xy = c. Find  Show that the family of parabolas y2 = 4cx + 4c2 is
the equipotential lines, that is, the orthogonal self-orthogonal. (10)
trajectories of the family of curves representing  Solve :
the streamlines. (10) {y(1 – x tan x) + x2 cos x} dx – xdy = 0 (10)
 Solve the following simultaneous linear differential  Using the method of variation of parameters, solve
equations: (D + 1)y = z + ex and (D + 1)z = y + ex the differential equation
where y and z are functions of independent variable
d  D 2  2D  1 y  e  x log( x ),  D  d  (15)
 dx 
x and D ≡ . (08)
dx
 Find the general solution of the equation
 If the growth rate of the population of bacteria at d3 y d2 y dy
any time t is proportional to the amount present at x 2 3  4x 2  6 4. (15)
dx dx dx
that time and population doubles in one week, then
how much bacterias can be expected after 4 weeks?  Using Laplace Transformation, solve the following
(08) : y  2 y  8 y  0, y(0) = 3, y(0)  6 (10)
 Consider the differential equation xy p2 – (x2 + y2 – 1)
dy 2015
p + xy = 0 where p = . Substituting u = x2 and Solve the differential equation :
dx 
dy
v = y2 reduce the equation to Clairaut’s form in x cosx + y (xsinx + cosx) = 1. (10)
dx
dv
terms of u, v and p  . Hence, or otherwise Solve the differential equation :
du 
(2xy4ey + 2xy3 + y) dx + (x2y4ey – x2y2–3x)dy = 0
solve the equation. (10)
(10)
 Solve the following initial value differential
 Find the constant a so that (x + y)a is the Integrating
equations:
factor of (4x2 + 2xy + 6y)dx + (2x2 + 9y + 3x)dy = 0
20y’’+4y’+y=0, y(0)=3.2 and y’(0)=0. (07) and hence solve the differential eauation. (12)
 Solve the differential equation:  (i) Obtain Laplace Inverse transform of
d 2 y dy 
  1 s 

x − − 4 x 3 y = 8 x 3 sin( x 2 ). (09) n 1 + 2  + 2 e−p s 
.
dx 2
dx 

  s  s + 25 


 Solve the following differential equation using (ii) Using Laplace transform, solve
method of variation of parameters: y″ + y = t, y(0) = 1, y’(0 = –2. (12)
d y dy
2
 Solve the differential equation
  2 y  44  76 x  48 x 2 . (08)
dx 2
dx dy
x = py – p2 where p =
 Solve the following initial value problem using dx
Laplace transform:  Solve :
d4y d3y d2y dy
d2 y x4 4 +6x3 3 +4x2 2 –2x – 4 y = x 2+ 2
+ 9 y = r( x ), y(0) = 0, y ′(0) = 4 dx dx dx dx
dx 2
cos(logex).

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IAS - PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS (2020–1983) ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS / 3
2014 d2y dy
 Justify that a differential equation of the form : x2 + x + y = ln x sin (ln x).
dx 2 dx
[y + x f(x2 + y2)] dx+[y f(x2 + y2) –x] dy = 0,
where f(x2 +y2) is an arbitrary function of (x2+y2),  By using Laplace transform method, solve the
1 differential equation (D2 + n2) x = a sin (nt + α),
is not an exact differential equation and x 2 + y 2 d2
D 2 = 2 subject to the initial conditions x = 0
dt
is an integrating factor for it. Hence solve this
differential equation for f(x2+y2) = (x2+y2)2. (10) dx
and dt = 0, at t = 0, in which a, n and α are
 Find the curve for which the part of the tangent
cut-off by the axes is bisected at the point of constants. (15)
tangency. (10) 2012
 Solve by the method of variation of parameters :
dy 2 xy e( x y )
2

dy  Solve  2 (12)
–5y = sin x (10) dx y (1  e( x y ) )  2 x 2 e( x y )
2 2

dx
 Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of
 Solve the differential equation : (20)
curves x  y  ax. (12)
2 2

d 3
y d 2
y dy
x 3 3  3 x 2 2  x  8 y  65 cos(log e x)
dx dx dx  Using Laplace transforms, solve the intial value
problem y   2 y   y  e , y (0)  1, y (0)  1
t
 Solve the following differential equation : (15)
d2y dy (12)
x 2  2( x  1)  ( x  2) y  ( x  2)e 2 x ,  Show that the differential equation
dx dx
when e is a solution to its corresponding
x

(2 xy log y )dx  x 2  y 2 y 2  1 dy  0 
homogeneous differential equation. is not exact. Find an integrating factor and hence,
 Find the sufficient condition for the differential the solution of the equation. (20)
equation M(x, y) dx + N(x, y) dy = 0 to have an  Find the general solution of the equation
integrating factor as a function of (x+y). What will y   y   12 x 2  6 x. (20)
be the integrating factor in that case? Hence find
the integrating factor for the differential equation  Solve the ordinary differential equation
(x2 + xy) dx + (y2+xy) dy = 0 and solve it. (15) x( x  1) y   (2 x  1) y   2 y  x 2 (2 x  3) (20)
 Solve the initial value problem
d2y 2011
 y  8e 2t sin t , y (0)  0, y '(0)  0  Obtain the solution of the ordinary differential
dt 2
dy
by using Laplace-transform equation  (4 x  y  1) 2 , if y(0) = 1. (10)
dx
2013  Determine the orthogonal trajectory of a family
 y is a function of x, such that the differential of curves represented by the polar equation r = a
dy (1 – cosθ,) (r, θ) being the plane polar coordinates
coefficient is equal to cos(x + y) + sin (x + y). of any point. (10)
dx
 Obtain Clairaut’s orm of the differential equation
Find out a relation between x and y, which is free
from any derivative/differential. (10)  dy   dy  2 dy
 x  y  y  y   a . Also find its
 Obtain the equation of the orthogonal trajectory of  dx   dx  dx
the family of curves represented by rn = a sin nθ, general solution. (15)
(r, θ) being the plane polar coordinates. (10)  Obtain the general solution of the second order
 Solve the differential equation ordinary differential equation
(5x3 + 12x2 + 6y2) dx + 6xydy = 0. (10) y   2 y   2 y  x  e x cos x, where dashes denote
 Using the method of variation of parameters, solve
derivatives w.r. to x. (15)
d2y  Using the method of variation of parameters, solve
the differential equation + a2y = sec ax. (10)
dx 2 the second order differedifferential equation

Find the general solution of the equation (15) d2y

  4 y  tan 2 x. (15)
dx 2
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4 / ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS IAS - PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS (2020–1983)
 Use Laplace transform method to solve the  Find the differential equation of the family of circles
following initial value problem: in the xy-plane passing through (–1, 1) and (1, 1).
d2x dx dx (20)
 2  x  et , x(0)  2 and  1 (15)  Find the inverse Laplace transform of
dt 2 dt dt t  0
 s 1 
2010 F ( s )  ln  . (20)
 s5
 Consider the differential equation
y    x, x  0 dy y 2 ( x − y)
 Solve: = , y(0) = 1 . (20)
dx 3xy 2 − x 2 y − 4 y3
where α is a constant. Show that–
(i) if φ(x) is any solution and Ψ(x) = φ(x) e–αx,
then Ψ(x) is a constant; 2008
(ii) if α < 0, then every solution tends to zero as  Solve the differential equation
x. (12) ydx   x  x 3 y 2  dy  0 . (12)
 Use the method of variation of parameters to find the
 Show that the differential equation
general solution of x x   4 xy  6 y   x sin x .
2 4

(3 y 2 − x) + 2 y ( y 2 − 3 x) y ′ = 0
(12)
admits an integrating factor which is a function of
Using Laplace transform, solve the initial value
(x+y2). Hence solve the equation. (12)
problem y  3y  2 y  4 t  e with y(0) = 1,
3t
 Verify that
( Mx + Ny ) d (log e ( xy)) + ( Mx − Ny)d (log e ( xy ))
1 1 y (0)  1 . (15)
2 2
= M dx + N dy  Solve the differential equation
Hence show that– x 3 y   3 x 2 y   xy  sin(ln x)  1 . (15)
(i) if the differential equation M dx + N dy = 0 is
homogeneous, then (Mx + Ny) is an integrating  Solve the equation y  2 xp  yp  0 where
2

factor unless Mx  Ny  0;
dy
(ii) if the differential equation Mdx  Ndy  0 is p= . (15)
dx
not exact but is of the form 2007
f1 ( xy ) y dx + f 2 ( xy ) x dy = 0  Solve the ordinary differential equation
dy 1
then (Mx – Ny)–1 is an integrating factor unless cos 3 x  3 y sin 3 x  sin 6 x  sin 2 3 x ,
Mx  Ny  0 . dx 2
(20)

 Show that the set of solutions of the homogeneous 0 x . (12)
linear differential equation 2
y   p( x) y  0  Find the solution of the equation
on an interval I = [a, b] forms a vector subspace W dy
 xy 2 dx  4 xdx . (12)
of the real vector space of continuous functions on y
I. what is the dimension of W?. (20)  Determine the general and singular solutions of the
 Use the method of undetermined coefficients to  12
dy dy   dy  
2
find the particular solution of equation y  x  a 1     ‘a’ being
dx dx   dx  
y   y  sin x  (1  x 2 )e x

and hence find its general solution. (20) a constant. (15)

2009  Obtain the general solution of  D  6 D  12 D  8
3 2

 Find the Wronskian of the set of functions

3x ,| 3x |
3 3

 9  d
y  12  e 2 x  e  x  , where D = . (15)
 4  dx
on the interval [–1, 1] and determine whether the
set is linearly dependent on [–1, 1]. (12)
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IAS - PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS (2020–1983) ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS / 5

d2y dy  Solve the differential equation

Solve the equation 2 x  3 x  3 y  x3 .
2

dx 2 dx x 2 y   2 xy   2 y  x log x, x  0

(15) by variation of parameters. (15)

 Use the method of variation of parameters to find 2004
the general solution of the equation  Find the solution of the following differential
d2y dy dy
 3  2 y  2e x . (15) equation
1
 y cos x  sin 2 x . (12)
dx 2
dx dx 2
 Solve y(xy+2x2y2) dx + x(xy –x2y2) dy = 0. (12)
2006
Solve  D  4 D  5  y  e ( x  cos x) .
x
(15)
4 2
 Find the family of curves whose tangents form an 
angle Π 4 with the hyperbolas xy = c, c > 0. (12)
 Reduce the equation (px–y) (py+x) = 2p where
 Solve the differential equation dy
 xy  dx  x y dy  0 . p= to Clairaut’s equation and hence solve it.
1
2
e x3 2
(12) dx
(15)
d y dy
 dy
2

 Solve 1  y   x  e
2  tan
 1
y

dx
0. (15)  Solve (x+2)
dx 2
 (2 x  5)  2 y  ( x  1)e x .
dx
 Solve the equation x2p2 + yp (2x + y) + y2 =0 using (15)
the substituion y = u and xy=v and find its singular  Solve the following differential equation
dy d2y dy
solution, where p = . (15) (1  x 2 ) 2  4 x  (1  x 2 ) y  x . (15)
dx dx dx
 Solve the differential equation 2003
d3y d2y y  1   Show that the orthogonal trajectory of a system of
x 2 3  2 x 2  2  10 1  2  (15)
dx dx x  x  confocal ellipses is self orthogonal. (12)
 Solve the differential equation dy
Solve x  y log y  xye .
x
 (12)
d dx
D 2
 2 D  2  y  e x tan x , where D =
dx
,
d
by the method of variation of parameters. (15)  Solve (D5–D) y = 4 (ex+cos x + x3), where D =
dx
2005
 Find the orthogonal trejectory of a system of . (15)
co-axial circles x2+y2+2gx+c=0, where g is the  Solve the differential equation (px2 + y2) (px + y)
parameter. (12) dy
= (p + 1) 2 where p = , by reducing it to
dx
dy
 Solve xy  x2  y 2  x2 y 2  1 . ( 12) Clairaut’s form using suitable substitutions. (15)
dx
 Solve
 Solve the differential equation (x+1)4 D3+2 (x+1)3
1  x  y   1  x  y   y  sin 2 log 1  x   .
2
1
D2–(x+1)2 D +(x+1)y = . (15)
x +1
(15)
 Solve the differential equation (x +y ) (1+p) –2 (x+y)
2 2 2  Solve the differential equation
dy x 2 y   4 xy   6 y  x 4 sec 2 x
(1+p) (x+yp) + (x+yp) 2 = 0, where p = ,
dx
by variation of parameters. (15)
by reducing it to Clairaut’s form by using suitable
substitution. (15)
2002
 Solve the differential equation (sin x–x cos x)
y   x sin xy   y sin x  0 given that y = sin x is a dy
 Solve x  3 y  x3 y 2 . (12)
dx
solution of this equation. (15)

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6 / ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS IAS - PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS (2020–1983)
 Find the values of λ for which all solutions of d2y dy
d2y dy  Reduce  P  Qy  R , where P, Q, R are
x 2 2  3 x   y  0 tend to zero as x  . dx 2 dx
dx dx
functions of x, to the normal form.
(12) Hence solve
 Find the value of constant λ such that the following d2y dy
 4 x  (4 x 2  1) y  3e x sin 2 x. (15)
2

differential equation becomes exact.

dx 2
dx
 2 xe y  3 y 2  dy
dx
  3x 2   e y   0  Solve the differential equation y = x–2a p+ap2.
Find the singular solution and interpret it
Further, for this value of λ, solve the equation.(15) geometrically.
dy x  y  4 (15)
 Solve  . (15)  Show that (4x+3y+1)dx+(3x+2y+1) dy = 0
dx x  y  6
represents a family of hyperbolas with a common
 Using the method of variation of parameters, find axis and tangent at the vertex. (15)
d2y dy dy  d2y 
the solution of  2  y  xe x sin x with  S o l v e x  y  ( x  1)  2  x  1 b y t h e
dx 2
dx dx  dx 

 dy  method of variation of parameters. (15)

y(0) = 0 and    0 . (15)
 dx  x 0
1999
d  Solve the differential equation
 Solve (D–1) (D2–2 D+2) y = ex where D = . 1

dx xdx  ydy  1  x 2  y 2 
2

 
(15) xdy  ydx  x 2  y 2 
2001
 A continuous function y(t) satisfies the differential d3y d2y dy
 Solve  3  4  2 y  e x  cos x.
dy 1  e , 0  t  1
1 t
dx 3
dx 2
dx
equation 
dt 2  2t  3t 2 ,1  t  5  By the method of variation of parameters solve the
d2y
differential equation  a 2 y  sec( ax) .
If y(0) = –e, find y(2). (12) dx 2
2 d y dy
2

 Solve x  x  3 y  x 2 log e x . (12)

dx 2 dx 1998
dy
dy y y (log e y ) 2 Solve the differential equation xy   y 3e x
2

 Solve  log e y  . (15) dx
dx x x2
 Show that the equation (4x+3y+1) dx + (3x+2y+1)
 Find the general solution of ayp2+(2x–b) p–y=0,
dy = 0 represents a family of hyperbolas having as
a>o. (15)
asymptotes the lines x+y = 0; 2x+y+1=0. (1992)
 Solve (D2+1)2 y = 24x cos x
 Solve the differential equation y = 3px + 4p2.
given that y=Dy=D2y=0 and D3y = 12 when x = 0.
d2y dy
(15)  Solve  5  6 y  e 4 x ( x 2  9) .
 Using the method of variation of parameters, solve dx 2 dx
d2y  Solve the differential equation
 4 y  4 tan 2 x . (15)
dx 2 d2y dy
 2  y  x sin x.
dx 2
dx
2000
d y dy
2
1997
 Show that 3 2  4 x  8 y  0 has an integral
dx dx dy x
 Solve the initial value problem  ,
which is a polynomial in x. Deduce the general dx x 2 y  y 3
solution. (12) y(0) = 0.

HEAD OFFICE:25/8, Old Rajinder Nagar Market, Delhi-60. (M) 9999197625, 011-45629987. BRANCH OFFICE(DELHI): 105-106, Top Floor, Mukherjee Tower, Mukherjee
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IAS - PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS (2020–1983) ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS / 7
 Solve (x2–y2+3x–y) dx + (x2–y2+x–3y)dy = 0. 1  P Q 
d4y d3y d2y dy  Show that if    is a function of x only
 Solve  6  11 6  20e 2 x sin x Q  y x 
dx 4 dx3 dx dx
say, f(x), then F ( x)  e 
f ( x )dx
 Make use of the transformation y(x) = u(x) sec x is an integrating factor
to obtain the solution of y   2 y  tan x  5 y  0 ;
of Pdx + Qdy = 0.
 Find the family of curves whose tangent form angle
y(0) = 0; y (0)  6 .
4 with the hyperbola xy = c.
Π

d2y dy
 Solve (1+2x) 2 − 6 (1+2x) +16 y = 8  Transform the differential equation
dx 2
dx
d2y dy
(1+2x)2; y (0)  0 and y (0)  2 . cos x  sin x  2 y cos3 x  2 cos5 x into one
dx 2
dx
1996 having z an independent variable where z = sin x
 dy  and solve it.
 Solve x2 (y–px) = yp2;  p   . d2x g
 dx   If  ( x  a )  0 , (a, b and g being positive
dt 2 b
 Solve y sin 2x dx – (1+y2 + cos2x) dy = 0.
d2y dy dx
 Solve +2 + 10y + 37 sin 3x = 0. Find the = 0 when t = 0, show
dx 2 dx constants) and x = a’ and
dt
value of y when x   2 , if it is given that y = 3 and
g
that x  a   a   a  cos t.
dy b
= 0 when x = 0.
dx
d
d4y d3y d2y  Solve (D2–4D+4) y = 8x2e2x sin 2x, where, D = .
 Solve  2 3  3 2 = x2 + 3e2x + 4 sin x. dx
dx 4
dx dx
1993
3 d y
3
2 d y
2
dy  Show that the system of confocal conics
 Solve x  3 x  x  y  x  log x.
dx 3
dx 2
dx x2 y2
  1 is self orthogonal.
a 2   b2  
1995
  1 
 Solve (2x2+3y2–7)xdx– (3x2+2y2–8) y dy = 0.  Solve  y 1    cos y  dx   x  log x x sin y
  x 
 Test whether the equation (x+y)2 dx – (y2–2xy–x2)
dy = 0 is exact and hence solve it. dy = 0.
d2y
d3y d2y  1  Solve + w02 y = a coswt and discuss the nature
Solve x  2 x 2 2  2 y  10  x   .(1998) dx 2
3

dx 3
dx  x
of solution as w → w0 .
 Determine all real valued solutions of the equation
dy  3x 
y   iy   y   iy  0 , y   . 

Solve (D4+D2+1) y = e cos   .
x
2

dx
 2 

 Find the solution of the equation y   4 y  8 cos 2 x

1992
 By eliminating the constants a, b obtain the
given that y = 0 and y   2 when x = 0. differential equation of which xy = aex +be–x +x2
is a solution.
1994  Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of
dy semicubical parabolas ay2 = x3, where a is a variable
 Solve + x sin 2y = x3cos2y. parameter.
dx

HEAD OFFICE:25/8, Old Rajinder Nagar Market, Delhi-60. (M) 9999197625, 011-45629987. BRANCH OFFICE(DELHI): 105-106, Top Floor, Mukherjee Tower, Mukherjee
Nagar, Delhi-9. BRANCH OFFICE(HYDERBAD): H.No. 1-10-237, 2nd Floor, Room No. 202 R.K’S-Kancham’s Blue Sapphire Ashok Nagar Hyd-20. (M) 09652351152, 09652661152
8 / ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS IAS - PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS (2020–1983)
 Show that (4x+3y+1) dx + (3x+2y+1) dy = 0 answer contains imaginary quantities, recast it in
represents hyperbolas having the following lines a form free of those.
as asymptotes 1
 Show that if the function can be integrated
x + y = 0, 2x+y+1 = 0. (1998) t − f (t )
 Solve the following differential equation y (1+xy)
dx+x (1–xy) dy = 0. dy
 Solve the following differential equation (D2+4) (w.r.t ‘t’), then one can solve = f ( y x ) , for any
dx
y = sin 2x given that when x = 0 then y = 0 and
dy given f. Hence or otherwise.
=2. dy x  3 y  2
dx  0
dx 3 x  y  6
 Solve (D3–1)y = xex + cos2x.
 Solve (x2D2 + xD – 4) y = x2.
1991  Verify that y = (sin–1x)2 is a solution of (1–x2)
 If the equation Mdx + Ndy = 0 is of the form f1 (xy).
d2y dy
1 x  2 . Find also the most general
ydx + f2 (xy). x dy = 0, then show that dx 2 dx
Mx − Ny
solution.
is an integrating factor provided Mx – Ny ≠ 0.
 Solve the differential equation. 1989
(x2–2x+2y2) dx + 2xy dy = 0.  Find the value of y which satisfies the equation
 Given that the differential equation (2x2y2 +y) dx dy
– (x3y–3x) dy = 0 has an integrating factor of the (xy3 – y3 – x2ex) + 3xy2 = 0 ; given that y=1 when
form xh yk, find its general solution. dx
x = 1.
d4y
 Solve  m 4 y  sin mx .  Prove that the differential equation of all parabolas
dx 4
23
d  d2y 
 Solve the differential equation lying in a plane is   0.
dx  dx 2 
d4y d3y d2y dy
 2 3  5 2  8  4 y  ex .
dx 4
dx dx dx  Solve the differential equation
 Solve the differential equation d3y d2 y dy
 6  1  x2 .
d2y dy dx 3 dx 2 dx
 4  5 y  xe  x , given that y = 0 and
dx 2 dx

dy 1988
= 0 , when x = 0.  Solve the differential equation
dx
d2y dy
1990 2  2e x sin x.
dx 2
dx
 If the equation λ +a1λn–1+.........+ an = 0 (in unknown
n

λ) has distinct roots λ1,λ2, ............. λn . Show that  Show that the equation (12x+7y+1) dx + (7x+4y+1)
dy = 0 represents a family of curves having as
the constant coefficients of differential equation asymptotes the lines 3x+2y–1=0, 2x+y+1=0.
dny d n 1 y dy  Obtain the differential equation of all circles in a plane
 a1 n 1 +..........+ an–1  an  b has the
dx n
dx dx d 3 y   dy   dy  d 2 y 
2 2

n the form 3 1      3  2   0 .
most general solution of the form dx   dx   dx  dx 
y = c0(x) + c1eλ x + c2eλ x + ............... + cneλ x .
1 2 n

where c1, c2 ....... cn are parameters. what is c0(x)? 1987

 Analyses the situation where the λ – equation in
(a) has repeated roots. d2y dy
 Solve the equation x 2 + (1–x) = y + ex
 Solve the differential equation dx dx
d2y dy  If f(t) = tp–1, g(t) = tq–1 for t > 0 but f(t) = g(t) = 0
x 2 2  2 x  y  0 is explicit form. If your
dx dx for t ≤ 0 , and h(t) = f * g, the convolution of f, g

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Nagar, Delhi-9. BRANCH OFFICE(HYDERBAD): H.No. 1-10-237, 2nd Floor, Room No. 202 R.K’S-Kancham’s Blue Sapphire Ashok Nagar Hyd-20. (M) 09652351152, 09652661152
9 / ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS IAS - PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS (2020–1983)

( p )(q ) p  q 1
show that h(t )  t ; t  0 and p, q are
( p  q )
positive constants. Hence deduce the formula
 ( p ) ( q )
B ( p, q )  .
( p  q )

1985
 Consider the equation y   5 y  2 . Find that

solution φ of the equation which satisfies φ (1) =

3φ′ (0).
 Use Laplace transform to solve the differential
t  d 
equation x  2 x  x  e ,  '   such that
 dt 
x(0)  2, x(0)  1 .

 For two functions f, g both absolutely integrable

on (, ) , define the convolution f * g.
If L(f), L(g) are the Laplace transforms of f, g show
that L (f * g) = L(f). L(g).
 Find the Laplace transform of the function
 1 2n  t  (2n  1)
f (t )  
1 (2n+1)   t  (2n+2)
n = 0, 1, 2, ..............
1984
d2y
 Solve + y = sec x.
dx 2
u
 Using the transformation y = , solve the
xk
equation x y′ + (1+2k) y′ + xy = 0.
Solve the equation ( D  1) x  t cos 2t ,
2


given that x0 = x1 = 0 by the method of Laplace transform.

1983
d2y dy
 Solve x  ( x  1)  y  x 2 .
dx dx

 Solve (y2 + yz) dx + (xz + z2) dy + (y2 – xy) dz = 0.

 Solve the equation by the method of Laplace
transform, given that y = –3 when t = 0, y = –1
when t = 1.

vvv

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Nagar, Delhi-9. BRANCH OFFICE(HYDERBAD): H.No. 1-10-237, 2nd Floor, Room No. 202 R.K’S-Kancham’s Blue Sapphire Ashok Nagar Hyd-20. (M) 09652351152, 09652661152
11 / ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS IFoS - PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS (2020–2000)

IFoS
PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS (2020-2000)
SEGMENT-WISE
ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
(ACCORDING TO THE NEW SYLLABUS PATTERN) PAPER - II

2020
 
 Solve the initial value problem : (2x2 + y) dx + x   0 and x    0 (15)
(x2y – x) dy = 0, y(1) = 2. [08] 8 8
 Solve the differential equation  Find the general solution of the differential equation
d2 y dy (x – 2)y″ – (4x – 7)y′ + (4x – 6) y = 0 (10)
− 3 − 4y = 16x − 12e 2x . [08]
dx 2 dx
2018
 Find one solution of the differential equation  Find the complementary function and particular
d2 y dy
(
x2 + 1
dx 2)− 2x
dx
+ 2y = 0 integral for the equation
d2y
− y = xe x + cos 2 x and hence the general
by inspection and using that solution determine the dx 2

other linearly independent solution of the given

solution of the equation. (08)
equation. Obtain the general solution of the given
differential equation. [10] d2y dy
 Solve − 2 + y = xe x log x( x > 0) by the
 Solve the differential equation dx 2
dx
d2 y dy 1 method of variation of parameters. (08)
x 2 2 + 3x +y= . [15]
dx dx (1 − x )2  Solve the differential equation
( y 2 + 2 x 2 y )dx + (2 x 3 − xy )dy = 0. (10)
 Reduce the differential equation
 dy  dy 4 x + 6 y + 5
xp 2 − 2yp + x + 2y = 0,  p =  ,  Solve = (10)
 dx  dx 3 y + 2 x + 4

to Clairaut’s form and obtain its complete primitive  A snowball of radius r(t) melts at a uniform rate.
Also, determine a singular solution of the given If half of the mass of the snowball melts in one
differential equation. [15] hour, how much time will it take for the entire mass
of the snowball to melt, correct to two decimal
2019 places? Conditions remain unchanged for the entire
process. (15)
 Solve the differential equation
2017
d
D 2

 1 y  x 2 sin 2x; D 
dx
. (08)  Solve (2D 3 – 7D 2 + 7D – 2) y = e –8x where
d
D= . (8)
 Solve the differential equation (px – y) (py + x) = dx
h2 p, where p = y′. (08)
 Solve the differential equation
 Solve by the method of variation parameters the
differential equation d2 y dy
x2  2x  4y  x 4 . (8)
2x( t )
2
dx dx
x   t    t, where 0 < t < ∞ (15)
t2  Solve the differential equation
2
 Find the general solution of the differential equation  dy  dy
   2   y cot x  y . (15)
2
x
  4x  sin 2 2t  dx  dx
Hence find the particular solution satisfying the  Solve the differential equation
conditions 3
 dy   dy  2 y
e3 x   1     e  0. (10)
 dx   dx 
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Nagar, Delhi-9. BRANCH OFFICE(HYDERBAD): H.No. 1-10-237, 2nd Floor, Room No. 202 R.K’S-Kancham’s Blue Sapphire Ashok Nagar Hyd-20. (M) 09652351152, 09652661152
IFoS - PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS (2020–2000) ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS / 12

d2 y  Solve
 Solve  4 y  tan 2 x by using the method of d4y
dx 2  16 y  x 4  sin x. (8)
dx 4
variation of parameter. (10)
2016  Solve the following differential equation
 Obtain the curve which passes through (1, 2) and dy 2 y x 3 y
   x tan 2 . (10)
2 xy dx x y x
has a slope  . Obtain one asymptote to the
x2  1  Solve by the method of variation of parameters
curve. (8) y   3 y   2 y  x  cos x. (10)
 Solve the dE to get the particular integral of
d4 y d2 y  Solve the D.E.
 2  y  x 2 cos x . (8)
dx 4
dx 2
d3y d2y dy
 3  4  2 y  e x  cos x. (10)
 Using the method of variation of parameters, solve dx 3
dx 2
dx
d2 y dy 2013
x2 x  y  x 2 ex . (10)
dx 2
dx  Solve
 Obtain the singular solution of the differential dy
 x sin 2 y  x 3 cos 2 y (8)
equation dx

y 2  2pxy  p 2  x 2  1  m 2 , p 
dy
. (10)  Solve the differential equation
dx
d2y dy
 4 x  (4 x 2  1) y  3e x sin 2 x
2
 Solve the differential equation (10)
dx 2
dx
dy
 y  y 2  sin x  cos x  .
dx by changing the dependent variable. (13)
 Solve
2015 x
 3  d
 Reduce the differential equation ( D 3  1) y  e 2 sin  x  where D = . (13)
 2  dx
dy
x2p2 + yp(2x + y) + y2 = 0, p = to Clairaut’s
dx  Apply the method of variation of parameters to
form. Hence, find the singular solution of the solve
equation. (8) d2y
 y  2(1  e x ) 1 (13)
 Solve the differential equation dx 2
d2y dy 1
x 2 2  3x  y  (8) 2012
dx dx (1  x) 2
dy tan y
 Solve   (1  x)e x sec y. (8)
d y dy
2
dx 1  x
 Solve x   4 x 3 y  8 x 3 sin x 2 by changing
dx 2 dx
 Solve and find the singular solution of
the independent variable. (10)
x 3 p 2  x 2 py  a 3  0 (8)
x/2
x 3
 Solve ( D  D  1) y  e cos   ,
4 2

 2 
d 2 y  dy
2

 Solve: x y  x  y  0 (10)
2

d dx  dx
2

where D = . (10)
dx
2014 d4y d2y
 Solve  2 2  y  x 2 cos x. (10)
 Solve the differential equation dx 4
dx
dy
y  2 px  p 2 y, p  dy  dy 
2
dx  Solve x  y   (10)
dx  dx 
and obtain the non-singular solution (8)

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Nagar, Delhi-9. BRANCH OFFICE(HYDERBAD): H.No. 1-10-237, 2nd Floor, Room No. 202 R.K’S-Kancham’s Blue Sapphire Ashok Nagar Hyd-20. (M) 09652351152, 09652661152
13 / ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS IFoS - PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS (2020–2000)

d2y dy  Find the 2nd order ODE for which ex and x2 e2 are
 Solve x  3 x  y  (1  x) 2 (10)
2

dx 2 dx solutions. (10)

2011
3 2

 Solve y  2 yx dx  2 xy  x dy  0 .
2 3
   (10)
 Find the family of curves whose tangents form an
 dy  dy
2
angle π/4 With hyperbolas xy = c. (10)  Solve    2 cos hx  1  0. (08)
d2y dy dx
  dx
 Solve  2 tan x  5 y  sec x.e x . (10)
dx 2 dx
d3y d2y dy
 Solve  3  3  y  x 2 e x (10)
dx 3
dx 2
dx
dy
 Solve p  2 py cot x  y Where p = . (10)
2 2
2
dx x
 Show that e is a solution of
 Solve d2y dy
x D 4 4
 6 x D  9 x D  3 xD  1 y  1  log x  ,
3 3 2 2
 2
dx 2 dx

 4 x  4 x2  2 y  0 .  (12)

Find a second independent solution.

d
Where D = . (15)
dx 2008
 Solve ( D  D  1) y  ax  be sin 2 x, where
4 2 2 x  Show that the functions y 1 (x) = x 2 and
y2(x) = x2 loge x are linearly independent obtain the
d differential equation that has y1(x) and y2(x) as the
D≡ (15) independent solutions. (10)
dx
 Solve the following ordinary differential equation
2010
of the second degree :
 Show that cos (x + y) is an integrating factor of
 dy 
2
dy
y dx   y  tan  x  y   dy  0. y     2 x  3  y  0 (10)
dx
  dx
Hence solve it (8)
d y2
dy  dy  dy  dy
 Solve  2  y  xe x sin x (8)  Reduce the equation  x  y   x  y   2
dx 2 dx  dx  dx  dx
 Solve the following differential equation to clairaut’s form and obtain there by the singular
dy integral of the above equation. (10)
 sin 2  x  y  6  (8)  Solve
dx
 Find the general solution of d2y dy
1  x   1  x   y  4 cos log e 1  x  (10)
2

dx 2
dx
d2y dy
dx 2
 2 x  x2  1 y  0
dx
  (12)
 Find the general solution of the equation
d2y dy
 Solve  cot x  1  cot x  y  e x sin x. (10)
2
dx 2 dx
 d   d 
2 2


 dx 1   1 y  x  e x (10) 2007
   dx
2
  Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of the
 Solve by the method of variation of parameters the x2 y2
curves 2  2  1,  being a parameter.(10)
following equation a b 

x  ddx y  2 x dy  2y  x 
2
2
2
1 2
1 (10)  Show that e2x and e3x are linearly independent
dx
2
d2y dy
solutions of  5  6 y  0. Find the general
dx 2 dx
2009
dy 
dy solution when y  0   0 and 1 (10)
 Solve sec y  2 x tan y  x3 (10) dx  0
2

dx
HEAD OFFICE:25/8, Old Rajinder Nagar Market, Delhi-60. (M) 9999197625, 011-45629987. BRANCH OFFICE(DELHI): 105-106, Top Floor, Mukherjee Tower, Mukherjee
Nagar, Delhi-9. BRANCH OFFICE(HYDERBAD): H.No. 1-10-237, 2nd Floor, Room No. 202 R.K’S-Kancham’s Blue Sapphire Ashok Nagar Hyd-20. (M) 09652351152, 09652661152
IFoS - PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS (2020–2000) ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS / 14
 Find the family of curves whose tangents form an
angle π/4 with the hyperbola xy = c. (10)
 
P 2 x 2  a 2  2 pxy  y 2  b 2  0 (10)

 Apply the method of variation of parameters to d2y

 Solve the differential equation  9 y  sec 3 x
solve (D2 + a2) y = cosec ax. (10) dx 2
2 d y
 
2
 Find the general solution of 1  x  2x (10)
dx 2
dy 1
 3 y  0 solution of it. (10)  Given y  x  is one solution solve the
dx x

d2y dy
differential equation x x y0
2

2006 dx 2
dx

 From x  y  2ax  2by  c  0,

2 2
derive reduction of order method. (10)
differential equation not containing, a, b or c. (10)  Find the general solution of the defferential
 Discuss the solution of the differential equation d2y dy
equation  2y  3 y  2e x  10 sin x by the
  dy  2
 dx 2
dx
y 2  1    a
2
(10)
  dx   method of undetermined coefficients. (10)
2004
d2y dy  Determine the family of orthogonal trajectories of
 Solve x  1  x   y  e x (10) x
dx 2
dx the family y  x  ce (10)
d4y
 Solve  y  x sin x (10)  Show that the solution curve satisfying
dx 4
(x2 – xy) y′=y3 Where y  1 as x  , is a conic
2 d2y dy
 Solve x 2
 x  y  x2ex (10)
dx dx section. Identify the curve. (10)
 Solve 1  x  y " 1  x  y ' y  4 cos  ln 1  x   ,
2
 Reduce
 dy 
2
dy
dx
 

xy    x 2  y 2  1
dx
 xy  0  y  0   1, y  e  1  cos 1. (10)

to clairaut’s form and find its singular solution. (10)  Obtain the general solution of
2005
y " 2 y ' 2 y  4e  x x 2 sin x. (10)
 Form the differential equation that represents all
parabolas each of which has latus rectum 4a and
Whose are parallel to the x-axis. (10)  Find the general solution of  xy 3

 y dx  2
 (i) The auxiliary polynomial of a certain
homogenous linear differential equation with
x 2

y 2  x  y 4 dy  0 (10)
constant coefficients in factored form is

P  m   m  m  2  m  6m  25 .    
6 3
 Obtain the general solution of D  2 D  D  2 D
4 2 4 3 2

What is the order of the differential equation

dy
and write a general solution ? y  x  e 2 x , Where Dy = . (10)
(ii) Find the equation of the one-parameter family dx

of parabolas given by y  2cx  c , C real

2 2

2003
and show that this family is self-orthogonal.
 Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of
(10)
co-axial circles x  y  2 gx  c  0 Where g is a
2 2
 Solve and examine for singular solution the
following equation parameter. (10)

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Nagar, Delhi-9. BRANCH OFFICE(HYDERBAD): H.No. 1-10-237, 2nd Floor, Room No. 202 R.K’S-Kancham’s Blue Sapphire Ashok Nagar Hyd-20. (M) 09652351152, 09652661152
15 / ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS IFoS - PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS (2020–2000)

d3y d 2 y dy  (i) Solve the equation by finding an integrating

 Findthethreesolutionsof 2 2   2y  0 factor
dx 3
dx dx
of  x  2  sin ydx  x cos ydy  0.
Which are linearly independent on every real
interval. (10)
(ii) Verify that   x   x is a solution of
2
 Solve and examine for singular solution:

y 2  2 pxy  p 2 x 2  1  m 2 .  (10)
y "
2
y  0 and find a second independent
x2
d3y d2y  1
 Solve x  2 x 2 2  2 y  10  x   (10) solution. (10)
3

dx 3
dx  x
 Show that the solution of D  2 n 1

 1 y  0, consists
 Given y = x is one solutions of
d2y dy of Ae x and n paris of terms of the form
 
x3  1
dx 2
 2 x  2 y  0 find another linearly
dx e ax  br cos  x  cr sin  x  , Where a  cos
2 r
2n  1
independent solution by reducing order and write
the general solution. (10) 2 r
 Solve by the method of variation of parameters and   sin , r = 1, 2 ......, n and br, cr are
2n  1
d2y
 a 2 y  sec ax, a real. (10) arbitrary constants. (10)
dx 2
2001
2002  A constant coefficient differential equation has
auxiliary equation expressible in factored form as
 D  a
4 nx
 If e is denoted by z, prove that

P  m   m3  m  1 m 2  2m  5 . What is the 
2 2

∂z ∂ 2 z ∂ 3 z order of the differential equation and find its general

z , , all vanish when n = a. Hence show solution. (10)
∂n ∂n 2 ∂n3
 dy 
2
dy
 Solve x    y  2 x  y   y  0 (10)
2 2
nx nx 2 nx 3
that e , xe , x e , x nx are all solutions of
 dx  dx
 Using differential equations show that the system
d x2 y2
 D  a y  0 . Here D Stands for .
4
(10) of confocal conics given by 2  2  1,
dx a  b 
is self othogonal. (10)
 Solve 4 xp   3 x  1  0 and examine for
2 2

  ddx y  x dy
2
 Solve 1  x a y  0 given that
2 2

dx
2
singular solutions and extraneous loci. Interpret the
results geometrically. (10) y  e a sin x
1
is one solution of this equation. (10)
 (i) Form the differential equation whose primitive is
cos x  sin x   Find a general solution y n  y  tan x,
 
y  A  sin x   B  cos x 
 x   x 
  x 
2 2 by variation of parameters. (10)
(ii) Prove that the orthogonal trajectory of system
of parabolas belongs to the system itself. (10) 2000
 Solve
 Using variation of parameters solve the differential
equation x 2

 y 2 1  P   2  x  y  1  p   x  yp    x  yp   0
2 2

d2y dy
 
 4 x  4 x 2  1 y  3e x sin 2 x.
2
(10) dy
dx 2 dx P≡ . Interpret geometrically the factors in the
dx

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16 / ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS IFoS - PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS (2020–2000)
P-and C-discriminants of the equation

8 p 3 x  y 12 p 2  9  (20)

 Solve
d 2 y 2 dy a 2
i    y0
dx 2 x dx x 4

d2y dy
 ii    tan x  3 cos x   2 y cos 2 x  cos 4 x.
dx 2 dx
by varying parameters. (20)

vvv

HEAD OFFICE:25/8, Old Rajinder Nagar Market, Delhi-60. (M) 9999197625, 011-45629987. BRANCH OFFICE(DELHI): 105-106, Top Floor, Mukherjee Tower, Mukherjee
Nagar, Delhi-9. BRANCH OFFICE(HYDERBAD): H.No. 1-10-237, 2nd Floor, Room No. 202 R.K’S-Kancham’s Blue Sapphire Ashok Nagar Hyd-20. (M) 09652351152, 09652661152