SELF-HEALING

MATERIALS
SUPERVISOR-

DR.RAKESH KUMAR GAUTAM SIR

PRESENTED BY -

Elizabeth Rani
Arin Dhaulakhandi
Eshika Upadhyay
Govind Kumar
Khushi Verma
 1
ABSTRACT
This project explores self-healing materials, leading to an advanced
composite with predictive healing abilities.
Through studying existing materials and their repair mechanisms, the
project aimed to replicate Roman concrete's self-healing properties
and develop modern polymer-based solutions.
By combining historical insights with contemporary polymer science,
the project designed a composite with intrinsic healing capabilities,
emphasizing the potential for more durable and sustainable
infrastructure.
 2
OVERVIEW
Introduction Objectives Result

Requirement Research Work Conclusion

Types of Mechanism Self-Healing Composite Limitations

Advantages Roman Concrete Future Plans

 3
INTRODUCTION
Self-healing materials have the potential to
revolutionize material engineering by repairing damage
autonomously.
DEFINITION : Materials that are designed to repair
damage automatically without the need for external
intervention.
The materials can reconnect or reform after being
damaged, leading to longer-lasting and more durable
products.
 4
REQUIREMENT
Imagine a future where materials First Problem
possess an inherent ability to heal Corrosion in steel structures
themselves, a future where necessitates frequent
infrastructure repairs itself maintenance
advanced coatings can prolong
durability Second Problem
innovative additives enhance
strength and reduce permeability Traditional concrete is prone
to cracking
 5
MECHANISMS IN SELF-HEALING MATERIALS
HEALING MECHANISMS :
1
Intrinsic Healing
-materials have self-repair capabilities built into their chemical structure
Extrinsic Healing
-materials rely on external stimuli to trigger the healing process

TRIGGER MECHANISMS :
2 Mechanically - Capsules or fibers containing a healing agent break upon impact
Thermally - Materials that can be melted or softened by heat
Optically - Light-sensitive materials undergo changes upon exposure to light

In this project, we are focused on Intrinsic Healing and

Mechanically trigger mechanism
SELF HEALING DEMO
 ADVANTAGES 6

Automotive Industry -
creating scratch-resistant car paints and impact-
resistant body panels, reduce maintenance costs and
enhance the longevity of vehicles

Medical Devices -
development of self-repairing implants and biocompatible
materials, improving the longevity and safety of medical
interventions

Infrastructure -
can be used to develop crack-repairing concrete and corrosion-
resistant coatings for bridges and buildings, extend the lifespan
of critical infrastructure and reduce maintenance expenses.
 7
OBJECTIVES
RESEARCH PHASE DEVELOPMENT PHASE
Explore self-healing composite mechanisms Engineer/Fabricate self-healing
and Roman concrete for durability insights. composites and plan for
Self-Healing Epoxy Composite with Heat- comprehensive testing post-
Resistant Healant fabrication.
Capsule-Based Self-Healing and Self-
Sensing Composites

Long-Term Objective: Implement machine learning to predict the lifespan of self-healing composites for
enhanced structural reliability in future phases.
 9
ROMAN CONCRETE
MATERIALS USED -

Pozzolanic Cement: 560

grams​
Gypsum: 260 grams​
Lime: 20 grams​
Water: 20 milliliters
 9
ROMAN CONCRETE
PREPARATION -
Mix Dry Ingredients: Combine 560
grams of pozzolanic cement, 260
grams of gypsum, and 20 grams of
lime in a mixing container.​
Add Water: Pour 20 milliliters of
water into the dry mix.​
Stir Thoroughly: Ensure all
components are evenly mixed to
create a homogeneous blend.​
Cast Block Samples: Pour the
mixture into molds to create two
separate block samples.​
 9
SELF-HEALING COMPOSITE
MATERIALS USED -
1. Epoxy (110 gm) ​
2.Hardener (11 gm) ​
3.Ammonium Chloride (6.89 gm) ​
4.Urea(25.6 gm) ​
5.Resorcinol(6.43 gm) ​
6.EMA Powder(4.5 gm) ​
7.Formalin/Formaldehyde(6.33 g
 9
SELF-HEALING COMPOSITE
FABRICATION-
1. Measure epoxy resin precisely using
a scale.
2. Calculate and add 10% hardener by
weight.
3. Combine all materials with epoxy
resin thoroughly.
4. Mix for 4 minutes to ensure
integration.
5. Introduce hardener and stir
vigorously for 5-6 minutes.
6. Carefully pour composite into
wooden frame to begin production.
 RESULT 1

Successful Fabrication: Self-healing

composite produced using a well-defined
process.
Further Testing Required: Performance
evaluation necessitates additional
testing.

Epoxy Composite
 RESULT 1

Controlled Roman concrete study:

Successful creation of two distinct block
specimens.
Key finding: Current water content
unsuitable for practical use - requires
refinement.

Roman Concrete
 7
CONCLUSION
ROMAN CONCRETE SELF-HEALING COMPOSITE
Roman concrete block production
Successful fabrication
Notably dry, highlighting a need for
Further testing required
water-to-cement ratio adjustment
Self-healing efficiency
for modern use
assessment,
systematic analysis of various
Analyze test results to
parameters for an ideal balance
optimize material selection
between durability and workability
 CHALLENGES AND LIMITATIONS 1
Challenges faced during fabrication -
Insufficient Quantity of Carbon Fiber
Unavailability of EMP Powder
Absence of Aluminum Catalysts
Inability to Produce Microcapsules
Limited Budget

Limitations of Self-Healing Materials -

Slow healing process
Limited effectiveness for large-scale damage.
Dependency on specific environmental conditions
Potential toxicity of healing agents.
Complexity and cost of implementation.
 FUTURE PLANS 14

Enhanced Material Availability

Exploration of Cheaper
Alternatives
Integration of Machine
Learning (ML)
Scaling Up Self-Healing
Capabilities
Multi-Disciplinary
Collaborations
 REFERENCES 13
(1) Georgios Foteinidis , Maria Kosarli Capsule-Based Self-Healing and Self-Sensing Composites with Enhanced
Mechanical and Electrical Restoration. Polymers 2022, 14(23), 5264;
(2) Abbas, S.; Li, F.; Qiu, J. A Review on SHM Techniques and Current Challenges for Characteristic Investigation of
Damage in Composite Material Components of Aviation Industry. Mater. Perform. Charact. 2018, 7, 224–258.
[Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
(3) Swait, T.J.; Rauf, A.; Grainger, R.; Bailey, P.B.S.; Lafferty, A.D.; Fleet, E.J.; Hand, R.J.; Hayes, S.A. Smart Composite
Materials for Self-Sensing and Self-Healing. Plast. Rubber Compos. 2012, 41, 215– 224. (4) Kosarli, M.; Foteinidis, G.;
Tsirka, K.; Bekas, D.G.; Paipetis, A.S. Concurrent Recovery of Mechanical and Electrical Properties in Nanomodified
Capsule-Based Self-Healing Epoxies. Polymer 2021, 227, 123843.
(5) Kosarli, M.; Polymerou, A.; Foteinidis, G.; Vazouras, C.; Paipetis, A.S. Healing Efficiency of CNTs Modified-UF
Microcapsules That Provide Higher Electrical Conductivity and EMI Shielding Properties. Polymers 2021, 13, 2753
(6) Kosarli, M.; Foteinidis, G.; Tsirka, K.; Markaide, N.; Luzuriaga, A.R. 3R Composites: Knockdown Effect Assessment
and Repair Efficiency via Mechanical and NDE Testing. Appl. Sci. 2022, 12, 7269.
THANK YOU