“A STUDY ON PREFERENCE OF THE CONSUMERS

TOWARDS PURCHASING OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES IN

EASTERN REGION OF BANGALORE”

A mini project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the
Degree of
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION OF
BENGALURU NORTH UNIVERSITY

SUBMITTED BY
Mr. EBIN BABU
MB201509
Under the guidance of

Prof. Dr.NARASAIAH.B

SJES COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES,

MEDAHALLI, BANGALORE-49

2022
 DECLARATION BY THE STUDENT

I hereby declare that “A STUDY ON PREFERENCE OF THE CONSUMERS

TOWARDS PURCHASING OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES IN EASTERN
REGION OF BANGALORE” is carried out by me under the direction of
Prof. Dr. NARASAIAH.B in partial fulfillment of the award for MASTER DEGREE IN
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION by Bangalore North University.

I also declare that this project is the result of my efforts and it has not been submitted to
any other university or institute for the award of any other degree or diploma or certificate.

Location: Bangalore Name: EBIN BABU

Date: Registration Number: MB201509
 CERTIFICATE BY THE GUIDE

This is to certify that the mini project report “A STUDY ON PREFERENCE OF

THE CONSUMERS TOWARDS PURCHASING OF ELECTRIC
VEHICLES IN EASTERN REGION OF BANGALORE” presented by
Mr. EBIN BABU, Reg. No. MB201509 to Bangalore North University, Bangalore for
the award of the degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION was
prepared under my guidance.

Location: Bangalore Prof. Dr. NARASAIAH.B

Date: Signature
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT BY STUDENT

It is a great pleasure for us to acknowledge the valuable help that various

personalities havegiven me for successfully creating this mini project. I take
this opportunity to express my sincere thanks to the SJES COLLEGE,
Bangalore for giving me opportunity to continue my studies of an MBA.

I express my sincere gratitude to our Principal, Prof. Dr. LAKSHMAN

REDDY, for his valuable guidance, suggestions, and inspiration that
provided me with the completion of the mini project.
I sincerely thank my guide, Prof. Dr. NARASAIAH.B, for his valuable guidance.
I am very thankful to my parents, who were directly or indirectly being the
source of inspiration and support. I am very thankful to all my colleagues
and everyone who helpedme complete this mini-project successfully.

DATE: EBIN BABU

LOCATION: Bangalore Reg-No: MB201509
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

SI. TITLE PAGE.

NO NO

CHAPTER 1 1

1.1 INTRODUCTION 1

1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 2

1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 2

1.4 IMPORTANT OF THE STUDY 1-3

1.5 THE FUTURE OF EV 3-4

1.6 ADVANTAGES OF EV 5-6

1.7 ABOUT HYBRID EV 7-9

10

CHAPTER 2
2.1 11-13
REVIEW OF LITERATURE

2.2 AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY 13-14

IN INDIA

2.3 MANUFACTURING FACILITIES OF EV 15-16

CHAPTER 3 17

3.1 INDUSTRY OVERVIEW 18-19

3.2 IMPORTANT TREND OF EV MARKET 19-23

3.3 MAJOR PLAYERS OF EV 23-27

 CHAPTER 4 28

4.1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 29-31

CHAPTER 5 32

DATA ANALYSIS 33-44

CHAPTER 6 45

6.1 FINDINGS OF THE STUDY 46

6.2 SUGGESTIONS 47

6.3 CONCLUSION 48

6.4 BIBLIOGRAPHY 49

6.5 QUESTIONNAIRE 50-53

 TABLES

SL PAGE .NO
NO TITLE
5.1 THE TABLE SHOWS CLASSIFICATION BASED ON USING 33
VEHICLES

5.2 THE TABLE SHOWS CLASSIFICATION BASED ON USING 34

VEHICLES-TYPES

5.3 THE TABLE SHOWS CLASSIFICATION BASED ON TRAVELING 35

5.4 THE TABLE SHOWS THE CLASSIFICATION OF PREFER MODE 36

OF
TRANSPORTATION

5.5 37
THE TABLE SHOWS AWARENESS OF EV

5.6 THE TABLE SHOWS OWNING/CONVERTING INTO EV 38

5.7 PEOPLE EXPECTATION PRICE FOR EV / HYBRID VEHICLE 39

5.8 THE TABLE SHOWS PEOPLE PREVENTED FROM PURCHASING 40

AN EV

5.9 WOULD YOU LIKE TO KNOW MORE ABOUT EV 41

5.10 SOURCES ABOUT EV 42

5.11 CONSUMERS EXPECTED RANGE OF AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE 43
WHEN FULLY CHARGED

5.12 CONSUMERS EXPECTED EV’s MAXIMUM SPEED 44

 CHARTS

SL PAGE .NO
NO TITLE
5.1 THE CHART SHOWS CLASSIFICATION BASED ON USING 33
VEHICLES

5.2 THE CHART SHOWS THE VEHICLE-TYPES 34

5.3 THE CHART SHOWS THE PLACE OF TRAVELING 35

5.4 THE CHART SHOWS THE MODE OF 36
TRANSPORTATION

5.5 37
THE CHART SHOWS AWARENESS OF EV

5.6 THE CHART SHOWS OWNING/CONVERTING INTO EV 38

5.7 THE CHART SHOWS PEOPLE’S EXPECTATION PRICE FOR EV / 39

HYBRID VEHICLE

5.8 THE CHART SHOWS PEOPLE PREVENTED FROM PURCHASING 40

AN EV

5.9 THE CHART SHOWS INTERESTED PEOPLE WHO WANT TO 41

KNOW MORE ABOUT EV
5.10 THE CHART SHOWS DIFFERENT SOURCES FOR EV 42

5.11 THE CHART SHOWS CONSUMERS EXPECTED RANGE OF AN 43

ELECTRIC VEHICLE
WHEN FULLY CHARGED

5.12 THE CHART SHOWS CONSUMERS EXPECTED EV’s MAXIMUM 44

SPEED
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION

Many governments have implemented and implemented policies to promote and promote the
production and acquisition of electric vehicles (EV) (Sierzchula, Bakker, Maat, & Van Wee, 2014). It
is hoped that better knowledge of EV consumer preferences will make these policies more efficient
and effective. Many useful research on EV consumer preferences has been published over the past few
decades, and a comprehensive review of the literature can assist in consolidating the findings and assist
in a fuller understanding of the subject. Rezvani, Jansson, and Bodin (2015) provide a summary of
studies on EV diagnosis; however, they focus only on specific psychological factors that affect the
human purpose of EV acquisition and select only specific independent subjects. Our review complies
with it in the following ways: first, we review a wide range of factors influencing EV acquisition apart
from the intellectual structure; second, we present the complete picture of the current study by
compiling all available EV studies available.

Increasing the level of air pollution in India's urban areas has been a cause for concerned for
manufacturers. More than 25 Indian cities are among the 100 most polluted areas in the region on Earth
The reason for the development of air pollution in urban areas is identified by the variety of resources
however the transport sector is committed. It is important to remove the transport material part is
limited. The opposite effects of air pollution on human health and in the economy are well known,
thus reducing the impact on the world, the way producers are thinking about other ways. Electric cars
are seen as a promising new way of what a few governments have devised practical strategies to
promote them. The Indian government is quick to promote electric vehicles as the green material
choice is moreover is considered a possible solution to reduce air pollution in urban communities. The
FAME India Scheme is a program to promote the development of electric and hybrid vehicles. It aims
to promote the flow of electricity and provide financial incentives to improve EV production and create
electricity transport infrastructure. In 2015 the Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises,
taken to this scheme.

FAME to promote the production and promotion of environmentally friendly vehicles including EV
and hybrid cars. The plan proposed to establish charging infrastructure (Jose, 2018) National Electric
Mobility Mission Plan (NEMMP) 2020, a document of the National Mission provides a vision and
therefore a guide for the rapid adoption of EVs and their production.

1
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

➢ To Study the current expectation of consumers towards electric vehicles (EV)

➢ To study the maximum price that consumers can afford for buying an EV
➢ To study the behaviour of consumers ,why they hesitating to go for EV’s
➢ To know why EV couldn’t get enough consumer attraction
➢ To study the government initiatives for promoting EV
➢ To study the present threats, that are causing slow growth of EV

1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of this mini-project is consumer preference and perceptions for the
purchase of EVs in the Eastern region of Bangalore,in a large scale, to boost high sales

1.4 IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY

➢ Based on competition between different companies and vehicles of EV

➢ People’s preference with be EV’s mostly
➢ The reason for buying an EV with be known
➢ The price range that people prefer the most is going to be a challenging one.
➢ Consumers admire EV’s usage,gradually

2
1.5 THE FUTURE OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE

Battery Technology is the Key Up Future of Electric Vehicles Charging Infrastructure Must Maintain
Pace Utilities Shepherd Charging. A Strong Opportunity for Career Development.

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are not only the owner of the fast track with Porsche and Tesla treads, but EVs
will also be common on the back roads and winding terrain. Ford, Chevy, Hummer, Tesla, and upscale
Rivian are among the car manufacturers who want to make money with the largest SUV and truck
market in the country with the latest electric models.

According to the Wall Street Journal, the introduction of heavy-duty EVs transforms truck truckers
into "environmental experts by accident," given the volume of pre-orders and interest in models to be
released soon. Simply put, the future of electric cars is bright and wide.

Consumers are fascinated. There are hundreds of thousands of pre-orders for the Hummer EV, Rivian's
electric truck, and the future Tesla's Cybertruck, which looks like it has come out of the video game.
But the biggest noise on the road is the electric models of the Ford F-150, which will be released in
Spring 2022, as well as Chevy Silverado trucks.

Big cars are part of U.S. cars. very profitable. SUVs and crossovers account for half of all U.S. vehicles
for the first time by 2020, with trucks taking up another 20 percent of the U.S. car market.

Customers came close to the EVs. By the spring of 2020, 34 percent of respondents will agree to
purchase an electric car. By March 2021, the number had grown to 51 percent. Similar increases have
been observed globally, with interest in nearly double EVs in China, France, Germany, and the U.K.

Barron's reported that Piper Sandler analyst Alexander Potter predicts EV inflation by 45 percent of
new car sales by 2030 and 94 percent by 2040. He predicts that the adoption of EVs in the automotive
industry worldwide will end in 19 years.

3
In addition to developing and expanding EV model selection, consumer EV adoption has been an
industrial process that enables the development of automotive distance and battery technology, cost,
and charging infrastructure.

Battery technology is essential

Battery performance is the key to an electric car’s knowledge, from driving distance and charging time
to car life. According to Stanford University, artificial intelligence has made EV re-charging while
taking a stand at a gas station a very feasible one. Stanford has developed a machine learning system
that reduces battery test times by 98 percent. Previously, new battery technologies had to be tested for
months or years to determine how long they would last.

New SUVs and pickups include a long battery, high-capacity capacity, and all the usual additions of
luxury mid-range cars. For example, Ford's all-electric F-150 Lightning has a target EPA range of 300
miles. Chevy electric Silverado demands 400 miles.

Costs are equal

The Wall Street Journal estimates that more people can switch to electric cars to save money if the
cost of owning an electric car is lower than the average fuel price. Consumer Reports asserted that the
price in the U.S. has already exceeded that limit, while Car and Driver claim that corporate tax credits
play an important role.

The basic Ford F-150 Lightning EV will cost about $ 42,000, and the XLT will be around $ 55,000.
Rivian's original price is US $ 67,500, Tesla's Cybertruck is US $ 39,900, and GMC Hummer is US $
79,995. Of course, options and other costs can change these figures drastically.

4
1.6 ADVANTAGES OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES

An electric car can offer many benefits, including financial, environmental, and health benefits.
Electric cars have more advantages than fuel-efficient cars. These vehicles use less fuel and can be
driven safely. They also lower your overall carbon footprint, making them more environmentally
friendly. There are many benefits to having an electric car. Find out how you can get these benefits.
Learn more about the health benefits and financial well-being of an electric car.

Benefits of Having an Electric Car

Compared to electric cars usually have lower operating costs. The average electric car costs between
$ 54,380 and $ 61,080 to buy and maintain. Additionally, gasoline-powered cars are generally more
powerful and less expensive. The downside is that electric cars can be more expensive to operate and
in need of repair. On the other hand, plug-in hybrids can save up to 25% on your fuel bill. Although
EVs are expensive at first, a fuel-efficient car is less expensive.

The cost of refueling an electric car is 50-75% lower than for a similar ICE car. This helps to make the
Total Cost of Ownership more affordable. It is very expensive for EVs to make their oil, spark plug,
and filter filters. In addition, compared to ICE vehicles, EVs require a much lower standard of care.
Small and efficient battery packs allow for large internal space.

Your carbon footprint can be reduced by having an electric car. You will not have to spend money on
fuel or repairs. It is possible to charge an electric car at night from your home. It is only possible to
charge your electric car at night at home if you intend to take a long trip. These savings will increase
over the years. With an electric car, you can expect to save up to $ 1,500 a year on fuel. Other benefits
are also available.

Apart from saving money on fuel, having an electric car has many other benefits. It emits fewer
gasoline vehicles, resulting in less pollution. Another advantage is that EVs provide a higher quality
of life, another advantage. A light electric motor can reach a distance of 80 miles per 130 gallons per
gallon. Therefore, an electric car can be a huge investment in the environment. But, that is not the only
benefit of an electric car.

5
Having an electric car is a great way to help the environment. Nature is aided by an electric car. The
EV can be quieter than a normal car and produce less carbon dioxide than natural gas vehicles. The
UK government is trying to increase the number of electric vehicles on the roads. The goal is to reduce
emissions and make electric vehicles more common. Its use will not only benefit the environment; it
will also benefit the economy.

One of the great benefits of having an electric car is its cost. Compared to a standard car, the EV is
more economical with miles. In addition, EVs produce less CO2 than fuel-efficient cars. This means
that EV is a major natural investment. This type of car is a great way for those who want to save on
fuel. The car runs much better than the old petrol-powered car.

In addition to its natural benefits, the electric car is quieter and more economical. The care required
for an electric car is much lower than for a traditional car. It also costs less than its equivalent to fuel.
In addition, it is quiet and energy-efficient. Even if an EV costs more than a standard car, it will save
you a car life. The EV will also be more efficient than a fuel-efficient car, which will lead to a reduction
in fuel costs.

Buying an electric car has many benefits. It helps to reduce pollution and smoke, which is a major
benefit to the environment. In addition to having a friendly environment, electric cars have several
financial benefits. For example, although the initial cost of an EV may appear to be higher than a fuel-
efficient car, its low maintenance costs over a lifetime will make a difference.

6
 1.7 ABOUT HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE

A hybrid electric vehicle combines a standard train (usually a fuel-efficient train) with a specific type
of electric generator. Typical examples include hybrid electric cars like the Toyota Prius. The
Chevrolet Volt is an example of the production of an Extended Range Plug-In Electric Vehicle.
Mopeds, electric bicycles, and kick electric scooters are a simple hybrid type, as power is delivered
both by an internal combustion engine or electric motor and passenger muscles.

Early models of motorcycles in the late 19th century used the same principles. In a hybrid bike that
combines human and motor power mechanically integrated into a steering train or rear or front wheel,
e.g. using a hub motor, a roller that presses a tire, or connecting to the wheel using a transfer device.
Human and motor torque are combined.

Almost all manufactured models are of this type. Check out bikes with motorcycles, Mopeds, and more
info. In a hybrid (SH) bicycle series the user is powered by a generator using pedals. This is converted
into electricity and can be fed directly to an engine that provides a bicycle without a chain but also a
battery charge.

The engine drains the battery and should be able to deliver the required machine torque because none
of it is available on the pedals. SH bikes are commercially available, as they are very simple in theory
and production. Hybrid fuel (dual-mode) Ford Escape Hybrid is the first hybrid electric vehicle with a
variable fuel economy to run on E85 (ethanol).

Some electric trolleybuses can switch between diesel engines and overhead power (depending on
dubusesmode bus). This could be integrated into the battery-powered sub-system to create a real plug-
in hybrid trolleybus, although, since 2006, no such design seems to have been announced.

Flexible fuel vehicles can use a mixture of input fuel mixed in one tank - usually gasoline and ethanol,
or methanol, or biobutanol. Bi-fuel Vehicle: Liquid petroleum gas and natural gas are very different
from petroleum or diesel and cannot be used in the same tanks, so it will not be possible to build (LPG
or NG) a flexible fuel system.

7
Instead, cars are made up of two parallel fuel systems that supply one engine. Although duplicate tanks
cost space in some applications, increased scope and flexibility when infrastructure (LPG or NG) is
incomplete can be an important purchase incentive. Some vehicles have been modified to use another
fuel source when available, such as autogas (LPG) and diesel modified vehicles to use crude vegetable
oil that has not been processed into biodiesel. Electrical assistance systems for bicycles and other
vehicles driven by people are also included (see Motorcycle Bike). 13 In addition to cars that use two
or more different tools to drive, some also consider vehicles that use different power sources or inputs
(“fuel”) that use the same engine as blends, though to avoid confusion with hybrids as described above
and to apply the principles correctly, these are probably they are best described as dual-mode cars:

Automotive engineers have been developing and marketing hybrid cars since the late 1800's; however,
due to the high costs involved in producing it on a large scale, its popularity in the market remains low.
But car manufacturers continue to research and develop new hybrid technologies to comply with
stricter exhaust regulations. But, what is a hybrid car? Read on to find out more about the types and
benefits of hybrid cars and the differences between hybrid and electric cars.

What is a Hybrid Car?

Combined cars operate with two engines: one for gasoline, one for electricity. Both work with some
spinning wheels. This leads to lower fuel costs as well as fuel savings. Compared to conventional
vehicles, hybrids provide better fuel efficiency and efficiency as they combine the benefits of high fuel
economy with low emissions. When mixed vehicles are sailing or braking, the result is additional
power used to charge the batteries. This, in turn, contributes to better fuel efficiency or range.

How Do Hybrid Electric Vehicles Work?

Hybrid vehicles, Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) draw energy from an internal combustion engine
(petrol engine) and at least one electric motor. Read on to find out more about how electric cars work.

Hybrid Vs. Electric Vehicles:

The main difference between a hybrid car and an electric car is that the hybrid combines an internal
combustion engine and electric motors to deliver energy to its wheels. However, an electric car pulls
power from one source of electric motorcycles to propel the car forward.

8
Although hybrid vehicles offer better fuel efficiency or longer distances, electric vehicles will still
reach that capacity. That being said, electric cars pollute less air compared to hybrid cars that rely on
an internal combustion engine.

9
 CHAPTER - 2
REVIEW OF LITERATURE

10
 2.1 REVIEW OF LITERATURE

A review of the literature in this study discusses the conflicting views of various researchers about the
theory of “Consumers Attitude and Perception Towards Electric.

The study “Attitudes of European Motor Vehicles in Electric Vehicles” was conducted by Theil,
(2012). The study aims to describe and analyze the role of motorists in six countries, France, Germany,
Italy, Poland, Spain, and

The United Kingdom considers electric vehicles, how well they are familiar with the concept of
electric cars and its key features. 600 drivers on average each of the six Member States answered the
questionnaire. The study concluded that European motorists see the potential for electric vehicles but
the number of requirements must be met to ensure that motorists can regard electric vehicles as a
reliable alternative.

A study entitled "Obstacles to the Widespread adoption of electric vehicles: An analysis of attitudes
and perceptions of consumers" was conducted by Ona Egbue, Suzanna Long in 2012. This study
identifies potential social and technical barriers to consumer acceptance of EVs and determines
whether sustainability issues influence consumer decisions. to buy EV. This study provides an
important insight into the preferences and opinions of technology lovers; very individuals

connected to technology development and better equipped to resolve major differences between EVs
and CVs. These results may guide policymakers in formulating energy and transport policy.

The study "Consumer attitudes towards electric vehicles" is a large study conducted by Kenneth
(2013). This study yields large data collection results (a study with 1196 respondents) conducted in
Flanders (Belgium). Results include comments on the advantages and disadvantages of Battery
Electric Vehicles (BEVs), acceptable driving distance, acceptable charging time (both slower and
faster), higher acceptable speed, government role in BEV delivery, preferred government tools to
increase sales, and Consumer Payment Payment (WTP) ).

The study, "Predicting the purpose of buying electric vehicles" was conducted in Hong Kong. The
main purpose is to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of receiving EVs. The study was
evaluated with survey data from 205 Hong Kong respondents from the automotive community. This
study provides details on the development of the EV marketing plan in Hong Kong. The findings will
help EV manufacturers plan for EV purchases.

11
A study of "commercial use of electric vehicles in India" was conducted in India by Ankit et al., (2018);
Ahman (2006). This paper is intended to evaluate the commercial feasibility of a project to evaluate
and identify the first roadblocks and their remediation to grow on a pan-India basis. To achieve this,
the pilot project was thoroughly researched and interviews and surveys were conducted among all
participants in April-May 2018.

The study also identified a different charging pattern for electric vehicles sold at a specific charging
station. The study "Comparative study of the use of different electric motors in electric vehicles" in
Nasser Hashemnia, Behzad Asaei at the 18th International Conference on Electrical Equipment 2008,
1-5, 2008. In this study, different electric motors were studied and compared to determine the benefits
of each engine and the one most suitable for use in electric vehicle (EV) applications.

It concludes that although the technology of induction motors is more mature than others, due to EV
applications brushless DC and permanent magnet motors are more suitable than others.

The use of these motors will result in less pollution, reduced fuel consumption, and higher power

volume measurement.

Research “A review of factors that influence consumers’ intentions to use battery power cars "in
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews journal articles peer-reviewed to identify reasons and
contradict consumer intentions use BEVs. The influential factors were divided into three main types,
namely demographics, conditions, and psychology, and were reviewed separately. In addition, the

errors and shortcomings in current studies were also noted.

The study "Testing the willingness to buy a less polluted car in Japan" by Kunihiro, (2005) Keiichi
Satoh in Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies. The study clarifies people's
awareness about buying a slightly polluted car to elevate the roads to improve the delivery of less
polluting vehicles. They surveyed Sapporo to identify the state of people's willingness to buy a less
polluted car. Sapporo residents are worried about nature; However, it does not lead to buying less
polluting cars.

The study "Gender differences in the behavior of raw consumer consumers in Egypt: the effects of
environmental awareness, anxiety, and attitudes "by Mohamed (2007). This study investigates the
impact of three aspects of perception and attitude on gender differences in green buying behavior. The
study found that women did not seem to know much about nature problems compared to men.
However, unlike other Western studies, men showed more natural concern and a positive view of green

12
purchases compared to women. The study discusses how these findings can help policymakers and
marketers alike to better adapt their environment to the planners of marketing programs.

The study "The environmental effects of mixed and electric vehicles". This study made to understand
that existing studies of the environmental effects of hybrid as well electric vehicles (EV) undergo a
full life cycle of this technology. Learning Outcomes integrated to compare global warming power
(GWP) for different EV and internal EV Fuel engine car options (ICEV).

2.2 AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY IN INDIA

The automotive industry in India is one of the largest markets in the world and previously was one of
the fastest-growing in the world, but now we see low or negative growth rates. The passenger and
automotive industry in India is the sixth-largest in the world, with an annual production of more than
3.9 million units in 2011.

Chennai is home to about 35-40% of India's total automotive industry and for this reason, it is well
known. like Detroit Asia. It is on track to become the world's largest automotive center in 2016 capable
of carrying more than three million vehicles a year.

Most of India's automotive industry is based in three groups south, west, and north. The
southern group covering Chennai is large with 35% of the revenue share. The western area near
Mumbai and Pune contributes 33% of the market and the northern group around the National Capital
Region contributes 32%. Chennai and India's performance of Ford, Hyundai, Renault, Mitsubishi,
Nissan, BMW, Hindustan Motors, Daimler Chennai makes up 60% of cars exported. Gurgaon and
Manesar in Haryana form a northern group where the country's largest car company, Maruti Suzuki,
is based.

The Chakan Tunnel near Pune, Maharashtra is a western collection with companies such as
General Motors, Volkswagen, Skoda, Mahindra and Mahindra, Tata Motors, Mercedes Benz, Land
Rover, Jaguar Cars, Fiat, and Force Motors with local meeting places. Nashik has a large Mahindra
and Mahindra base with UV combining unit and Engine integration unit. Aurangabad with Audi,
Skoda, and Volkswagen is also part of the western collection. Another growing group is in the Gujarat
region with General Motors production facility in Halol and is designed for the Tata Nano at their
Sanand plant. Ford, Maruti Suzuki, and Peugeot-Citroen plants will also come from Gujarat. Kolkata
with Hindustan Motors, Noida and Honda, and Bangalore with Toyota are some of the leading
automotive manufacturing regions in the country. Electric Vehicle and Hybrid (xEV) Industry In April

13
2012 the Government of India planned to unveil a guide for the development of domestic electric and
hybrid (xEV) domestic vehicles in the country. Discussions between various stakeholders including
Government, industry, and academia are expected to take place on 23-24 February. The final sections
of the policy will be developed after this discussion set.

Ministers such as Petroleum, Finance, Road Transport, and Power are involved in building
a comprehensive framework for the sector. Along with these services, the names of major car
manufacturers such as Mr. Anand Mahindra (Deputy Chairman and Executive Director, Mahindra &
Mahindra) and Mr. Vikram Kirloskar (Deputy Chairman, Toyota Kirloskar) are also involved in this
work. The government has also proposed establishing a Rs 740 crore sector fund for the 12 years five-
year plan between 2012-17. The idea is to reduce the high cost of important imported components such
as batteries and electric cars and to develop such skills in the area. Indian Automobile Manufacturers
-Mahindra REVA -Tara International -Tata (Indica Vista) -Cheroro (Beat) 7 -Hero Electric (Yo Bikes)

14
 2.3 MANUFACTURING FACILITIES OF EV

PASSENGER VEHICLES

➢ General Motors India Private Limited

➢ Chevrolet Sales India Private Limited – Halol
➢ Maruti Suzuki – Gurgaon, Manesar Mahindra REVA Electric Vehicles – Bangalore
➢ Toyota Kirloskar Motor Private Limited – Bidadi
➢ Ssangyong Motor Company – Chakan
➢ Tata Motors Limited
1. Tata Motors – Pimpri Chinchwad, Sanand

2. Jaguar Cars and Land Rover – Pune

➢ Mercedes-Benz Passenger Cars – Chakan

➢ Fiat Automobiles – Ranjangaon Pune
➢ Volkswagen Group Sales India Private Limited

1. Volkswagen – Chakan

2. Audi AG – Aurangabad

3. Škoda Auto – Aurangabad

➢ Chinkara Motors – Karlekhind Alibag

➢ Premier Automobiles Limited – Pimpri Chinchwad
➢ Honda Siel Cars India – Tapukara
➢ BMW India – Chennai
➢ Ford India Private Limited – Maraimalai Nagar
➢ Hyundai Motor India Limited – Sriperumbudur
➢ Mitsubishi – Tiruvallur
➢ Renault Nissan Automotive India Private Limited

1. Nissan Motor India Private Limited – Oragadam

2. Renault India Private Limited – Oragadam

15
TWO-WHEELERS

➢ Hero MotoCorp – Dharuhera, Gurgaon

➢ India Yamaha Motor – Faridabad
➢ Honda – Manesar
➢ Suzuki – Gurgaon
➢ TVS Motors – Nalagarh,
➢ Mysore Mahindra & Mahindra – Pithampur
➢ Bajaj Auto – Waluj Aurangabad, Chakan
➢ KTM Sportmotorcycles – Chakan
➢ Vespa Scooters – Baramati Pune
➢ Kinetic Engineering – Ahmednagar, Pune
➢ Royal Enfield – Chennai
➢ India Yamaha Motor – Greater Noida

COMMERCIAL VEHICLES

➢ TAFE Tractors – Parwanoo

➢ Tata Motors – Jamshedpur
➢ Volvo Buses India Private Limited – Hoskote
➢ Force Motors Private Limited – Pithampur
➢ Eicher Motors – Pithampur
➢ MAN Trucks India – Akurdi Pune
➢ Mercedes-Benz Buses India – Chakan
➢ Piaggio Vehicles – Baramati Pune
➢ Ashok Leyland – Ennore, Hosur

16
 CHAPTER-3
INDUSTRY PROFILE

17
3.1 INDUSTRY Overview

The Indian Electric Vehicle Market was estimated at USD 1434.04 billion by 2021 and
is expected to reach USD 15397.19 billion by 2027 registering a CAGR of 47.09% at
the time of forecasting (2022 - 2027).

The COVID-19 epidemic was limited to locally produced electric vehicles due to the
closure of production facilities and closures. However, as the restrictions eased the EV
saw positive growth as consumers tended to cheaper eco-friendly transportation
supported by government incentives.

The automotive sector in India is dominated by two wheels (motorcycles, motorcycles)

and three wheels (cars and rickshaws) which play an important role in the last mile of
the country. Growing government focus and focus on private and public sector
partnerships to develop the EV ecosystem in the country. Increased investment and
product launch by major OEMs in the country and their focus on building supply chain
centers to create a positive market image.

In addition, in India, the level of market maturity also varies from state to state
depending on factors, including census, income levels, regulatory environment, and
urbanization. The state of Uttar Pradesh, for example, has a very low rate of urbanization
and has seen a dramatic increase in the number of electric wheels. Maharashtra, on the
other hand, with a high rate of urbanization, has a very high penetration of three electric
wheels and passenger cars. Delhi is home to a large fleet of electric vehicles due to the
great demand for electric buses and trucks.

18
REPORT’S SCOPE

An electric car operates with an electric motor instead of an internal combustion engine, which
generates energy only by combining a mixture of gasoline and gas. Therefore, the electric car is
considered a potential replacement for the current generation car shortly to deal with environmental
challenges. The report combines the latest trends and technologies followed by the impact of COVID-
19 on the market.

The scope of the report includes classification based on Propulsion type and vehicle type. In the
Propulsion category, the market is divided into Battery Electric vehicles, Plug-in Electric vehicles, and
Fuel Cell Electric vehicles. By car type, the market is divided into Passenger Vehicles, Commercial
Vehicles, Two Wheels, and Three Wheels.

By Propulsion Type

➢ Battery Electric Vehicle

➢ Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle
➢ Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle

By Vehicle Type

➢ Passenger Cars
➢ 2-Wheelers
➢ 3-Wheelers
➢ Commercial Vehicles

3.2 IMPORTANT TRENDS IN THE MARKET

Growing the Acceptance of Electric Buses

The Government of India has made numerous efforts to promote the production and adoption of
electric vehicles in India, to reduce gas emissions associated with international conventions, and to
improve e-travel after rapid urbanization.

19
The National Electric Mobility Mission Plan (NEMMP) and the Accelerated Receiving and
Manufacturing of Integrated & Electric Vehicles in India (FAME I and II) helped create the initial
interest and exposure to electricity flow. For example, in the second quarter, the government
announced a spending of $ 1.4 billion by 2022. This section focuses on electrification of public
transport and subsidies, e-7090 buses, 500,000 electric wheels, 550,000 electric vehicles, and
1,000,000 two electric wheels.

To develop the domestic electric car industry, the Indian government has provided tax exemptions and
subsidies to EV manufacturers and consumers. According to the phased production proposal, the
government has imposed a 15% property tax on parts used to build electric cars and 10 percent. % of
imported lithium-ion cells. The revised work under the PMP is proposed from April 2021.

Countries have also developed policies that support the installation of powertrain through renewable
demand, local production, research and development (R&D), and infrastructure development. Several
provinces, such as Delhi, Kerala, Karnataka, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh, have developed their
electric vehicles. policies, while others are in the process of doing so. For example,

o According to the Delhi Electric Vehicle Policy 2020, the government plans to have at least
50% e-buses on all-new stage buses and aims to have 25% of new vehicles converted by 2024.
plans to introduce up to 5% profit on the purchase of an electric vehicle (EV) from the
government. This step has been taken to develop a Delhi EV government policy that provides
financial incentives for all e-car segments, namely, two-wheel drive, three-wheel drive, four-
wheel drive, carrier, and electric rickshaw.

20
 o In February 2021, the Delhi government announced a grant of Rs.30,000 for the development
of e-rickshaws as the last mile link in Delhi. This has led to an increase in demand in the city,
which has also benefited the market.
o As a result of the above-mentioned circumstances and developments, the rise of government
programs is expected to increase market demand in the forecast period.

Two-wheeled electric vehicles are likely to have good growth

Although the COVID-19 epidemic has led to land closures and service delivery disruptions, rising fuel,
and diesel prices have increased, government incentives and rising costs to stop tolling infrastructure
in the country are likely to exacerbate demand in the country. For example, in FY 2020, approximately
152,000 units of two electric wheels were sold in the country compared to 126,000 units sold in FY
2019.

In the electric two-wheeler category, electric motorcycles and scooters are popular routes, like two
standard wheels, it is easy to travel on congested roads, as is often the case in India. If you look at the
speed, low speed (up to 25 km / h.) And two medium-speed electric wheels (up to 40 km) with standard
lead-acid batteries that are thought to dominate the market during the forecast period.

This is because, in terms of previous costs, they are already the equivalent of ICE vehicles. However,
as more companies are now eligible for FAME-II compensation a few new varieties are expected to
be used in the market in the coming years. in the world. For example,

o In February 2021, Bounce, the start of renting bicycles in the country, announced that it was
planning to launch its electric scooter in the country, however, the expected launch date has
not been announced. The price is expected to be INR 55,000 and an additional INR 1450 per
month for repairs including battery conservation.
o Many of the country's top local players are investing heavily in developing their capacity to
produce two-wheelers in the country to meet the growing demand in the country. For example,

o In February 2021, Ampere Electric announced that it would invest INR 700 crore in setting up
a new two-wheeler in Tamil Nadu. It will have the opportunity to start producing 100,000 units
in its first year of operation.

21
 o Therefore, with such growing development and development the segment of passenger vehicles
is likely to witness steady and continuous growth during the forecast period.

Competitive Landscape

The Indian EV market is closely associated with the presence of major players in the market, due to
its cheap and easily accessible staff. Start-ups are also expanding their presence by increasing
investment for investors and moving into new and untested cities. Companies are investing heavily in
R&D and are introducing new brands to market their presence. However, older players in the market
introduced new models to gain a more competitive edge than other players. For example,

In August 2021, Tata Motors unveiled the new Tigor EV acquiring Tata's Ziptron high-voltage
architecture using a magnetic synchronous electric motor producing 75hp and 170Nm. These output
figures allow 0 to 60kph time of 5.7 seconds.

In July 2021, Audi unveiled 2 EVs with thee-Tron SUV and the e-Tron Sportback. The thee-Tron SUV
comes in the form of an e-Tron 50 with a 71 kWh battery and two electric motors. This suspension
provides 308 bhp and 540 Nm and requires a driving distance of between 264 km and 379 km (WLTP)
for a single charge.

In February 2021, Ampere Electric, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Greaves Cotton Ltd, announced the
investment potential of INR 700 crore in 10 years to establish a world-class e-mobility manufacturing

22
facility in Ranipet, Tamil Nadu. The Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for this has been signed
by the Company and the Government of Tamil Nadu.

3.3 MAJOR PLAYERS

1. TATA MOTORS LIMITED

2. MAHINDRA AND MAHINDRA LIMITED
3. MG MOTOR INDIA
4. ASHOK LAYLAND ELECTRIC
5. OLA ELECTRIC CARS

TATA MOTORS PVT LTD.

Tata is a well-known car manufacturer in India and is the largest manufacturer of electric vehicles in
India. In partnership with EESL India's 2030 electric motor, Tata Motor manufactures 10,000 electric
vehicles at government offices throughout India.

Tigor EV and Tiago EV are two electric vehicles manufactured by Tata Motors and are the cheapest
electric car in India as well. The company has successfully released its first 230 Tigor EVs unit to
government officials in India.

Tiago has been a huge success for Tata by making an average sale of 5600 units per month for the past
12 months. The market has been high with Tata behind Hexa, Tigor, and now Nexon.

23
Tata is ranked fourth in India's “Top Automotive Manufacturers” India's production base is located in
Jamshedpur (Jharkhand), Pune (Maharashtra), Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh), Pantnagar (Uttarakhand),
Sanand (Gujarat), and Dharwad (Karnataka).

MAHINDRA ELECTRIC MOTORS

Mahindra & Mahindra Limited is an international Indian automotive company headquartered in

Mumbai and is a leading manufacturer of electric vehicles (EV) in India. is the only company in India
that provides electric vehicles for public ownership. the company participates in the design and
production of integrated electric vehicles.

The company, Mahindra Motors is on the third list of car manufacturers in India. The company has
introduced Electric Vehicles such as eVerito, eSupro, Treo, eAlfa Mini, and e2oPlus. and these EVs
made great strides in Mahindra Electric. reported a record sale of 2,000 units (in Verito, Alpha, and
Electric Treo combined) in October 2019.

Mahindra Treo is a new ever-changing series of electric cars, e-rickshaw, and commodity versions.
Powered by advanced Lithium-ion technology, the Mahindra Treo offers high savings, high ride
quality, and high-quality interior space.

24
 MG MOTORS: MANUFACTURER OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES

MG Motor, or Morris Garage, is a British brand known for its sports cars and small cars. It was founded
in 1924 by Cecil Kimber. MG Motors introduced the first electric ZS EV from Rs 20.99 lakhs to Rs
24.18 lakhs, which led to a major sale of MG Motors. MG Hector, Gloster, ZS EV Sales Cross 5,500
March 2021 - and this is the Highest.

Also, MG always offers complete satisfaction to its customers and with the price, MG Hector is also
worth the money which is an amazing driving experience.

MG is ready to launch a new EV in the automotive market. The next 6 electric cars by MG Motors
will be launched in India at ZS, RC-6, 3, Marvel X, G10 2021-2023. These include 5 sports equipment,
2 sedans, 2 hatchbacks, and 2 MUVs.

25
 ASHOK LEYLAND ELECTRIC

Ashok Leyland is India's most famous car company and the second-largest car manufacturer in India.
The company, Ashok Leyland, is known for producing heavy trucks, buses, and light commercial
vehicles.

The company plays a major role in developing complete mobility solutions and is known worldwide
as an asset to the defensive player of the armed forces. It has a huge impact on a military vehicle.

Ashok Leyland will upgrade and produce electric buses with ABB's TOSA technology, which
upgrades the battery in seconds. TOSA is a technology that connects the world's fastest flash chargers
with a charging time of just 15 seconds and the battery is charged at 600 kW. and that is amazing-

Also, the Government of India is promoting the use of electric vehicles (EV) and the production of
electric vehicles to reach 30% of the total number of vessels available in India by 2030.

26
 OLA ELECTRIC CARS

Ola was founded in 2011 by Bhavis Agarwal and is one of the world's largest boarding companies in
India. due to the dependence on fossil fuels and the dangerous effect of burning oil is set to the full use
of the electric vehicle. Ola serves in all 160 cities in India and is still growing

Also, the company will upgrade "Mission Electric" as a platform to deliver one million electric vehicles
on the road by 2021. Ola will soon be launching its Ola Electric Scooter, electric vehicles, and electric
Riksha in India.

Ola built the first Electric-scooter manufacturing facility in Tamil Nadu, aiming to bring electric
vehicles to the roads of India by August 2021. The factory will be fully operational and will have an
annual capacity of 2 million units.

27
 CHAPTER - 4
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

28
4.1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A research approach is a way to solve a research problem systematically. It is a program of the action
research project and describes in detail how data is collected and analyzed. Research methodology can
be understood as the science of learning how research is done scientifically. It can cover many lessons
from simple definition and research to construction for complex testing.

1. DATA COLLECTION

PRIMARY DATA

Primary data was collected from the respondents through systematically prepared

questionnaire through structured interview methods

SECONDARY DATA

The main source of information for secondary data was collected from old records

and the websites books, journals, newspapers, etc

2. SAMPLE SIZE

sample of 100 people is taken for the study the technique used to decide on

the sample size was a convenient sampling technique

29
4. HYPOTHESIS OF THE STUDY

✓ By 2025, India’s urban pollution is expected to increase fivefold compared to 2010. It is

envisaged that 3 lakh EVs could lead to a reduction of more than 16 lakh metric tons of
pollution by 2020, saving more than Rs.3,700 billion in foreign exchange and significant health
care savings.
✓ It is expected that the government will enact laws specifically on finance, producer
compensation, parking and toll benefits for customers, and research and development grants to
build next-generation technology.
✓ The government will also implement procedures to promote hydroelectric or diesel-powered
hydrons. We expect to see more Hybrid cars on the road shortly. The Revolvo Kit meets the
current consumer expectations which are why it will be preferred by consumers on a large
scale.
✓ There is no connection between sex and attitude towards electric cars. No connection between
marital status and attitude towards electric cars.
✓ There is no significant difference between motivating customers with an electric car and their
environmental awareness.
✓ There is no significant difference between encouraging customers to buy an electric car and
common features of people considering switching to E cars.
✓ There is no significant difference between customers' attitude towards electric vehicles and
features that discourages them from buying an electric car.
✓ There is no significant difference between customer attitude towards electric vehicles and
knowing the environment of the customers.
✓ There is no correlation between customer attitude towards electric vehicles and the
environment getting to know customers.

30
DATA ANALYSIS TOOLS

➢ Survey
➢ Record Verification
➢ Direct Conversation
➢ Internet

31
 CHAPTER – 5
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

32
 5.1 THE TABLE SHOWS CLASSIFICATION BASED ON USING VEHICLES

PARTICULARS NO OF RESPONSE
Yes 46

No 11

One vehicle 22

Two vehicle 19

More than one 2

Table no: 5.1

THE TABLE SHOWS CLASSIFICATION BASED ON USING VEHICLES

VEHICLES

50 46
45
40
35
30
22
25 19
Series 1
20
15 11
10
2
5
0
Yes No One vehicle Two vehicle More than
two
Series 1 46 11 22 19 2

Chart no: 5.1

INTERPRETATION

The Chart shows that out of 46 people who have used vehicles, 11 people who didn’t use vehicles,
22 people who have used one vehicle, 19 people who have used two-vehicle,
2 people who have used more than two vehi

33
 5.2 THE TABLE SHOWS CLASSIFICATION BASED ON USING VEHICLES-TYPES

PARTICULARS RESPONSE

Two-Wheeler 57

Three-Wheeler 3
Hatch Back 22

Sedan 10

SUV 4

MUV 2

Pickup Truck 2

Table no: 5.2

CHART SHOWING THE VEHICLE TYPE

VEHICLE TYPE
2%

4% Two-Wheeler
10% 2%
Three-Wheeler
Hatch Back

57% Sedan
22%
SUV
3% MUV
Pickup Truck

Chart no: 5.2

INTERPRETATION
The Chart shows that out of 57% of people who have used a Two-wheeler, 22% of people who have to use
Hatchback it so helpful on busy roads, then 10 % of people who have to use sedan model cars. 4% people who

34
have to use SUV type vehicles,3% of people using Three-wheeler vehicles and each 2% of people both who
have to use MUV and Pickup Truck.

5.3 THE TABLE SHOWS CLASSIFICATION BASED ON TRAVELING

Travel on Response

City 32

Highway 21

Mixed 47

Table no: 5.3

CHART SHOWING THE PLACE OF TRAVELING

TRAVEL LOCATION

32, 32%

47, 47% CITY

HIGHWAY
MIXED
21, 21%

Chart no: 5.3

INTERPRETATION

The Chart shows majorly people have been traveling 47%. When it comes to city driving, 32% of
people have been traveling that area and the rest 21% drove on highways.

35
 5.4 THE TABLE SHOWS THE CLASSIFICATION OF PREFER MODE OF
TRANSPORTATION

MODE OF TRANSPORTATION RESPONSE

Own vehicle 35

Taxi/Auto Rickshaw 23

Public Bus 32

Train 10

Table no: 5.4

CHART SHOWING THE MODE OF TRANSPORTATION

TRANSPORTATION
Own vehicle Taxi/Auto Rickshaw Public Bus Train

10%

35%

32%

23%

Chart no: 5.4

INTERPRETATION

36
The pie chart depicts that people have somewhat equally traveled by their vehicle or by public bus
which is 32% & 35% respectively. Then comes their next preference which is auto rickshaw i.e.,
23%, and lastly by train which accounts for 10% of people’s choice of travel.

5.5 THE TABLE SHOWS AWARENESS OF EV

PARTICULARS RESPONSE

YES 59%

NO 41%

Table 5.5

CHART SHOWING AWARENESS OF EV

AWARE ABOUT EV

41%

59%

YES NO

Chart 5.5

INTERPRETATION

37
According to the graph, almost 60% of the population is aware of the EV leaving the rest 40%
unaware

5.6 THE TABLE SHOWS OWNING/CONVERTING INTO EV

PARTICULARS RESPONSE

Yes 36%

No 12%

Can’t say 52%

Table no 5.6

THE TABLE SHOWS OWNING/CONVERTING INTO EV

60

50 52

40

36
30

20

10 12

0
Yes No Can't say

Chart no 5.6

38
 INTERPRETATION

The chart shows 45% of people who have interested in owning an EV and they are willing to convert
into EV,43% of people respond I can’t say, and 12% people are not interested in converting into EV
right now
5.7 PEOPLE EXPECTATION PRICE FOR EV / HYBRID VEHICLE

MODELS PRICE PEOPLE

Two-wheeler 10,000-30,000 31

Three-wheeler 30,000-70,000 19

Hatchback 1 lakh-5 lakh 21

Sedan 5 lakh-7lakh 9

SUV 7 lakh-15 lakh 11

MUV 15 lakh-20 lakh 9

Table no 5.7

THE CHART SHOWS PEOPLE’S EXPECTING PRICE FOR EV / HYBRID VEHICLE

9
MUV1500000-2000000
0

11
SUV-700000-1500000
0

9
Sedan-500000-700000
0

21
Hatchback-100000-500000
0

19
Three-wheeler-30000-70000
0

31
Two-wheeler 10000-30000
0

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Chart no 5.7

39
INTERPRETATION

The Chart shows that out of 31 people Expecting the price of two-wheeler EV 10k to 30k, 21 people
have expected price of Hatchback 1lakh to 5lakh. Three-wheel vehicles 19 people expecting the price
30k to 70k, 11 people who have expected the price of SUV 7 lakh to 15 lakh, sedan 5lakh to 7lakh, the
top rate of peoples expectation about MUV 15lakh to 20lakh
5.8 THE TABLE SHOWS PEOPLE PREVENTED FROM PURCHASING AN EV

PARTICULARS RESPONSE
Nothing, I plan to buy an electric vehicle soon. 17
The present cost of electric vehicles is too high. 44
The vehicles available at the moment don't have 20
enough range on a single charge to meet my needs.

I need more information about the technology 6

before I would make a purchase.

It would be difficult to set up charging in my 13

building/home.

Table no 5.8
THE CHART SHOWING THR CONSUMERS PREVENTING
FROM PURCHASING AN EV

Nothing, I plan to buy an electric

vehicle soon.

13% 17%
6% The present cost of electric
vehicles is too high.

20%
The vehicles available at the
44% moment don't have enough range
on a single charge to meet my
needs.
I need more information about
the technology before I would
make a purchase.

40
 Chart no 5.8

INTERPRETATION
PARTICULARS RESPONSE
The chart shows that the
consumer not Yes 66 willing to buy
EVs because No 34 they are worried
about the high cost of the
vehicle and the lack of charging stations.
5.9 WOULD YOU LIKE TO KNOW MORE ABOUT EV

Table no 5.9

THE CHART SHOWS THAT INTEREST TO KNOW ABOUT FOR EV

NO OF RESPONDENTS

34, 34%
Yes
No
66, 66%

Table no 5.9

INTERPRETATION

41
66% of people who have interested to know about EV
Sources Response

Television Ads 28

Auto Expo 9

Magazines 10

Blogs 5

5.10 Newspaper Ads 29 SOURCES

ABOUT EV Live Demo 5

Internet Websites 14

Table no 5.10

THE CHART SHOWS DIFFERENT SOURCES ABOUT FOR EV

42
 RANGE (KM) RESPONSE

100-200 10
200-300 36

300 to 400 45

400 Above 9

35

30

25

20

15

10

0
Television Auto Expo Magazines Blogs Newspaper Live Demo Internet
Ads Ads Websites

RESPONSE

Table no 5.10

INTERPRETATION
Most of the people who have to know about EV in Television ads and newspaper ads,

5.11 CONSUMERS EXPECTED RANGE OF AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE

WHEN FULLY CHARGED

43
 Table no 5.11

THE CHART SHOWS CONSUMERS EXPECTED RANGE OF AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE

50
45
40
35
30
25
45
20
36
15
10
5 10 9
0 0 0
0
100-200 200-300 300-400 400 (km)
(km) (km) (km) Above

RESPONSE

Chart no 5.11

INTERPRETATION

Most of them expected the range of EV 200km to 300km and 36% of people expected 150 to 200km,

5.12 CONSUMERS EXPECTED EV’s MAXIMUM SPEED

SPEED (KMPH) RESPONSE

50 to 150 kmph 18

150 to 250 kmph 54

250 to 350 kmph 28

44
 Table no 5.12

THE CHART SHOWS CONSUMERS EXPECTED EV’s MAXIMUM SPEED

18%
28%

50 -150 kmph
150-250 kmph
250-350 kmph

54%

Table no 5.12

INTERPRETATION

Most of them expected the speed of EV 150 to 200kmph and 33% of people expected speed
150kmph. 17% of consumers expect up to 80kmph

45
 CHAPTER – 6
FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

6.1 FINDINGS OF THE STUDY

➢ The majority of the respondents have a positive attitude towards electric vehicles.
➢ The most important attitude among the majority is that electric vehicles are cheaper to run.

46
 ➢ The main factor that encourages customers to buy an electric vehicle is environmental
friendliness.
➢ The main factor that discourages customers to buy an electric vehicle is that they are not
educated enough on an electric vehicle.

➢ One of the main factors that make the respondents shift to electric vehicles is its innovation.
➢ The respondents are found environmentally conscious since most of them responded that air
pollution is less in connection with electric vehicles.
➢ This study found that there is no association between gender and attitude towards electric
vehicles

➢ It also found that there is no association between marital status and attitude towards electric
vehicles.
➢ It also found that there is no significant difference between the motivation of customers for the
electric vehicle and their environmental consciousness.

➢ It also found that there is no significant difference between the motivation of customers for
buying the electric vehicle and the general factors of people considered for shifting to E-
vehicles.

➢ It also found that there is no significant difference between the attitude of customers towards
electric vehicles and the factors that discourage them from buying an electric vehicle.
➢ It also found that there is no significant difference between the attitude of customers towards
electric vehicles and the environmental consciousness of the customers.

➢ It also found that there is no correlation between the attitude of customers towards electric
vehicles and the environmental consciousness of customers.

6.2 SUGGESTION

➢ Since there exists a strong relationship between awareness levels of customers on

E-Vehicles and purchase patterns, the government should try to create more awareness and
make some rules like 1 electric vehicle per house.

47
➢ Sustainability is the answer to the most environmental problems and EV & HEV are was to
sustainable development

➢ Government has to give subsidies for purchasing EVs so that more people opt for them. By
this, we can reduce pollution to a great extent and contribute to the betterment of society and
our future generations. Also, existing EVs are high on maintenance cost, if this is taken care
then people would go for it without giving a second thought. Companies like Ola and Uber can
concentrate more on bringing EVs since the majority of vehicles on road are taxis

6.3 CONCLUSION

The answers to the questionnaire proved to be important in the completion of our study as the
results were positive and consistent with what we had predicted. People's perception of EVs is

48
 still unsatisfactory as most of our society is unaware of Alternative Technologies used in
automobiles current EVs do not fully meet consumer expectations.

Government measures taken to develop EVs are still developing and on paper, although various
agencies have developed and delivered various programs their implementation has not yet been
implemented. Consumers will prefer EVs only when compared to current cars on the road, so a
change in consumer behavior is essential. They should gradually become more aware of the use of
clean technology. While most buyers will not prefer the current Electric / Hybrid cars but there
are still many options available to meet the expectations of consumers such as the REVOLVE
KIT. Marketing of such products will play a really important role as a step towards GREENER
ENVIRONMENT. Various companies should take steps to develop electric vehicles as part of
their business obligations to the public. Finally, the future of the Electric/Hybrid vehicle is
GREEN

6.4 BIBLIOGRAPHY
➢ https://research-methodology-report-on-future-of-EVs/
➢ https://electricvehicle.wiki/list-of-ev-companies-in-india/
➢ https://ev.tatamotors.com/

49
 6.5 QUESTIONNAIRE

Please put a ( tick ) mark against each option where ever required.
Your Profession: -
Student
Self Employed

50
 Housewife
Job
Retired
Other (please specify) _____________
Gender: -
M
F

1. Do you have any vehicles?

Yes
No
If yes total no. of vehicles ____

2. If yes what is the vehicle type?

Two-Wheeler Three-Wheeler MUV

Hatch Back Pickup Truck Sedan
SUV
Other (please specify) ___________

3) Is most of your days traveling in the city, on the highway, or mixed?

City Highway Mixed

4) Also let us know the mode of transportation you prefer?

Own Vehicle Taxi/Auto Rickshaw Public Bus Train

Other (please specify) _____________

5) Have you heard about Electric/Hybrid vehicles?

51
 Yes No

6) Would you be interested in owning/converting your vehicle into an Electric/Hybrid Vehicle?

Yes No Can’t say

7) If yes then how much would you expect to be the price of an Electric Vehicle/ Hybrid Vehicle?

Hatchback__________ Sedan ____________ SUV _____________

MUV _______________ Pickup Truck ___________ Other (please specify) _____________

Three-wheeler__________ Two-wheeler _____________

8) What is preventing you from purchasing an Electric Vehicle?

o Nothing, I plan to buy an electric vehicle soon.

o The present cost of electric vehicles is too high.
o The vehicles available at the moment don't have enough range on a single charge to meet my needs.
o I need more information about the technology before I would make a purchase.
o It would be difficult to set up charging in my building/home.
o Other (please specify) _________________

9) Would you like to know more about Electric/Hybrid vehicles?

Yes
No

10) If yes from which source?

52
 Television Ads Auto Expo Magazines
Blogs Newspaper Ads Live Demo
Internet Websites

11) Where would you prefer to charge your Electric Vehicle if you were to buy one in the future?

At home At work Using public charging facilities

12) What should be the range of an Electric Vehicle when fully charged? (In approx.)

Less than 150 km 150-200 km 200-300 km

above 300km

13) What should be the expected maximum speed of an Electric Vehicle? (In approx.)

Up to 80kmph 150kmph 150 to 200kmph

14) How much would you spend on changing the batteries once it gets exhausted? (In INR approx.)

5000 15000 250000

50000 Other (please specify) ________

15) How much subsidies do you expect from the Government on the price of batteries for Electric/Hybrid
Vehicles? (In approx.)

10% 20 % Other (please specify) _____________

16) How much premium would you pay for the infrastructure's additional development or manufacturing cost?
(In INR approx.)

50000 75000 100000

Other (please specify) ________

53
 203991
By

EBIN BABU

[MB201509]

Submission date: 04-Apr-2022 08:45PM (UTC+0900)

Submission ID: 1172734879

Regno: MB201509

Filename: 203991 (1.14 MB)

Word Count: 17,134

203991

ORGINALITY REPORT

11 % 7% 1% 4%
SIMILARITY INDEX INTERNET SOURCES PUBLICATIONS STUDENT PAPERS

PRIMARY SOURCES

Acadpubl.eu 4%
Internet Source
Submitted to the University of the North Pacific 1%
Student Paper
Cluteonline.com 1%
Internet Source
Submitted to MCAST 1%
Student paper
Submitted to Edith Cowan University 1%
Student Paper
www.ombo.nsw.gov.au 1%
internet Source
www.depednaga.com.ph 1%
Internet Source
Submitted to Ghana, Technology University College 1%
Student Paper
Projectchampionz.com.ng
www.grammerly.com
 MINI PROJECT PROGRESS REPORT
Date of Topic discussed Progress as Signature Signature
meeting on date of student of guide

The student is expected to meet the guide at least once a week and carry this copy of the
mini project progress report

Principal HOD Guide signature

signature