HEAT & TEMPERATURE

TOPIC 2: HEAT
What is HEAT?
• Heat is the transfer of energy from a high-temperature body to a
lower-temperature one.
• Heat energy is the energy that is transferred from one object to
another due to a temperature difference.
Heat Capacity
• Heat capacity(C) is defined as the amount of heat energy required to
raise the temperature of a given quantity of matter by one degree
Celsius. Heat capacity for a given matter depends on its size or
quantity and hence it is an extensive property. The unit of heat
capacity is joule per Kelvin or joule per degree Celsius.
• 𝑪 = 𝑸/∆𝑻 (J/K or J/℃)
Where, C = heat capacity
Q = heat energy required
∆𝑇 = 𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒
Specific Heat Capacity (c)
Example
Latent Heat (Q)
Heating Curve
Practice problems
Calorimetry
• The body at higher temperature releases heat while the body at lower
temperature absorbs heat. The principle of calorimetry indicates
the law of conservation energy, i.e. the total heat lost by the hot body
is equal to the total heat gained by the cold body.

• Heat Lost = Heat Gained

− 𝑄 𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 𝑄𝐺𝑎𝑖𝑛

− 𝑚1 𝑐∆𝑇 = 𝑚2 𝑐∆𝑇
Example
Example
• A metal weighing 4.82 g was heated to 115.0 °C and put into 35 mL of
water of temperature 28.7 °C. The metal and water were allowed to
come to an equilibrium temperature, determined to be 34.5 °C.
Assuming no heat was lost to the environment, calculate the specific
heat of the metal. Consider the specific heat capacity of water as 4.186
joule/gram °C.
Activities
Do activity 6, 7 & 8