Types of Conceptual Metaphors

Conceptual metaphors play a significant role in shaping language expressions and idioms. They
are categorized into different types, each serving a specific function in forming new language
expressions or understanding abstract concepts. The types of conceptual metaphors include:

1. Structural Metaphors:
Structural metaphors involve presenting a complex abstract concept in terms of a more
concrete concept. These metaphors are systematic, with a defined correlation between the
structure of the source domain and the structure of the target domain. An example of a
structural metaphor is "TIME IS A RESOURCE" (e.g., I am almost out of time).

2. Orientational Metaphors:
Orientational metaphors involve spatial relationships and often project spatial orientations
onto abstract concepts. Examples include "MORE IS UP" (e.g., Could you speak up, please?) and
"LESS IS DOWN," as well as "HAPPY IS UP" and "SAD IS DOWN".

3. Ontological Metaphors:
Ontological metaphors project something concrete onto something abstract. They provide
ways of viewing events, activities, emotions, and ideas as entities and substances. An example
is the metaphorical conceptualization of "death" as "leave-taking or departure".

These different types of conceptual metaphors work together to shape language expressions
and aid in understanding abstract concepts, forming the basis for language teaching and
comprehension.
In summary, conceptual metaphors, including structural, orientational, and ontological types,
are fundamental in shaping language expressions and understanding abstract concepts, playing
a crucial role in language teaching and comprehension.
1. The River
[Verse 1]
Hold your hands up to your chest
And tell me what you find
Out of you, a sparrow comes
And sees without its eyes
[Pre-Chorus]
Don't forget who you are even though you
are hurt
You are caught in a wire and soon it will
burst
[Chorus]
You can cry, drinking your eyes
Do you miss the sadness when it is gone?
(Gone)
And you let the river run wild (Gone)
And you let the river run wild
[Verse 2]
I'm a shadow, I am cold
And now I seek for warmth
Stitch your skin onto my skin
And we won't be alone
[Pre-Chorus]
Don't forget who you are even though
you're in need
Like a bird in the night, your emotions
deserves to be freed
[Chorus]
You can cry, drinking your eyes
Do you miss the sadness when it is gone?
(Gone)
And you let the river run wild (Gone)
And you let the river run wild
You can cry (You can cry), drinking your
eyes
I don't miss the sadness when it is gone
(Gone)
And the feeling of it makes me smile (Gone)
As I let the river run wild
[Bridge]
You can cry, you can cry, you can cry
To where the ocean is bigger
Become a part of the river, ah
You can cry, you can cry, you can cry
Can you let the river run wild?
[Chorus]
You can cry, drinking your eyes
(You can cry, you can cry, you can cry)
Do you miss the sadness when it is gone?
(Gone)
(You can cry, you can cry, you can cry)
And you let the river run wild (Gone)
And you let the river run wild
You can cry, drinking your eyes
(You can cry, you can cry, you can cry)
(To where the ocean is bigger)
I don't miss the sadness when it is gone
(Gone)
And the feeling of it makes me smile (Gone)
As I let the river run wild
[Outro]
You can cry, drinking your eyes
Do you miss the sadness when it's gone?
And you let the river run wild
And you let the river run wild
1. Structural Metaphors 4

2. Orientational Metaphors 2

3. Ontological Metaphors 5
2. Animal
[Verse 1]
You are the victim [Chorus]
The victim of my love I'm an animal, animal
I dangle up on rooftops Hunting for an animal, animal
Before I push you off Hunting for love
I stand at the headlights Killing for pleasure
Looking for a corner where I can't be found Lost in a concrete jungle (He-lay)
With a goddess in my right eye
Watching every lover on the battleground [Post-Chorus]
I become an animal, animal
[Pre-Chorus] Hunting for an animal, animal
You're hunting for love
Killing for pleasure [Bridge]
Lost in a concrete jungle Let me become an animal
If I am alone, make me a stranger Let me become an animal
Lost in a concrete jungle (He-lay) 'Cause when you are an animal
You lose control
[Chorus]
I'm an animal, animal [Pre-Chorus]
Hunting for an animal, animal You're hunting for love
Hunting for love Killing for pleasure
Killing for pleasure Lost in a concrete jungle
Lost in a concrete jungle (He-lay) If I am alone
You make me a stranger
[Verse 2] Lost in a concrete jungle (He-lay)
Isolation makes me hungry
Will you stay here till I sleep?
You'll return home in the morning [Chorus]
But you never really leave I'm an animal, animal
I keep the memories alive Hunting for an animal, animal
The weight upon my shoulders felt so divine I become an animal, animal
With a goddess in my right eye Hunting for an animal, animal
Watching every step I take before I die Hunting for love
Killing for pleasure
[Pre-Chorus] Lost in a concrete jungle (He-lay)
You're hunting for love
Killing for pleasure [Outro]
Lost in a concrete jungle I'm an animal, animal
If I am alone Hunting for an animal, animal
Make me a stranger I become an animal, animal
Lost in a concrete jungle (He-lay) Hunting for an animal, animal (Ho, ho)
1. Structural Metaphors 8

2. Orientational Metaphors 4

3. Ontological Metaphors 6
3. Dance on the Moon
[Verse 1]
This voice is calling for a touch to be undone [Bridge]
I hope love will come to us again I'm an angel, I'm an atom
As a place we all can come When nobody enters my room
And if I'm blinded, will my eyes become the I feel time
planets? (Da-da-da, da-da-da, da-da-da)
Will I float or will I drown? (D-da-d-da, da-da-da-da)
This voice, is it calling for the world to pull I feel time
me down? (Da-da-da, da-da-da, da-da-da)
(D-da-d-da, da-da-da-da)
[Chorus] Mmm, mmm, mmm
I feel time looking out my window I feel time (Feel time)
Watching me dance on the moon (Da-da-da, da-da-da, da-da-da)
I feel time looking out my window (D-da-d-da, da-da-da-da)
Watching me dance on the moon Mmm, mmm, mmm
I feel time, I feel time
[Post-Chorus] (Da-da-da, da-da-da, da-da-da)
Oh-oh-eh-oh-oh-eh-oh-ah (D-da-d-da, da-da-da-da)
Oh-oh-eh-oh-oh-eh-oh-ah (Feel time) I feel time
Oh-oh-eh-oh-oh-eh-oh-ah (Da-da-da, da-da-da, da-da-da)
Oh-eh-oh-ah (D-da-d-da, da-da-da-da)
Eh-oh-oh-eh-oh-ah (I feel time) I feel time
Oh-eh-oh-ah

[Verse 2]
I dance as I'm falling, but I never touch the
ground
One day, I will penetrate the earth
And explode in motion sounds
And if I listen, will my mouth be filled with
fire?
Will I laugh or will I cry? Ah
This time, I'll become everyone and the
world will wonder why
[Chorus]
I feel time looking out my window
Watching me dance on the moon
I feel tired looking out my window
Watching me dance on the moon
[Chorus]
I feel time looking out my window
Watching me dance on the moon
I feel tired looking out my window
Watching me dance on the moon
I feel time
[Outro]
I'm an angel, I'm an atom
When nobody enters my room
I feel time, I feel time
(Da-da-da, da-da-da, da-da-da)
(D-da-d-da, da-da-da-da)
(Da-da-da, da-da-da, da-da-da)
(D-da-d-da, da-da-da-da)
1. Structural Metaphors

2. Orientational Metaphors 8

3. Ontological Metaphors 12
4. Daydreamer
[Verse 1]
White, silicon eyes, watching storms, sitting
quiet
Reading books in the heat of city lights
Bored, everyone's bored
When I’m restless, put me under the night
life stars
And I will feel grounded
[Pre-Chorus]
I know I'm just a girl, but can I change lives?
If I am nothing, if I am trying, I think I can
I step on broken glass, and dream of soft
clouds
When feelings are heavy they become all
we are
[Chorus]
And we become night time dreamers
And street walkers, small talkers
When we should be daydreamers
And moonwalkers and dream talkers
And we become night time dreamers
Street walkers, small talkers
When we should be daydreamers
And moonwalkers and dream talkers
In real life
[Verse 2]
The quiet lust belongs to all of us
And drives us closer into the madness of the
world, of a girl
(And it suits me just fine)
'Cause everyone dies, and nobody loves
And somebody dies right now
I hear the quiet, sweet music that no one
sings
[Chorus]
And we become night time dreamers
Street walkers and small talkers
When we should be daydreamers
And moonwalkers and dream talkers
And we become night time dreamers
Street walkers, small talkers
When we should be daydreamers
And moonwalkers and dream talkers
In real life
[Bridge]
All I ever know is what I dream about when
I’m sober
Never turn away from love before the love
you have is over
(Nothing can die)
All I ever know is what I dream about when
I'm sober
(Nothing can die)
Never turn away from love before the love
you have is over
Nothing can die while we are here
Nothing can die while we are here
Nothing can die while we are here
Nothing can die while we are here
[Chorus]
Then we become night time dreamers
(Nothing can die while we are here)
Street walkers and small talkers
(Nothing can die while we are here)
When we should be daydreamers
(Nothing can die while we are here)
And moonwalkers and dream talkers
(Nothing can die while we are here)
And we become night time dreamers
(Nothing can die while we are here)
Street walkers, small talkers
(Nothing can die while we are here)
[Outro]
When we should be daydreamers
(Nothing can die while we are here)
When we should be daydreamers
(Nothing can die while, nothing can die)
Daydreamers
1. Structural Metaphors 6

2. Orientational Metaphors 7

3. Ontological Metaphors 5
5. Hunger
[Verse 1]
I've been born for sometime
And I got death on my mind
Come and follow me (Ah)
Away from the nightlife
Sleeping in nirvana
And I will long for the gutter
When I'm in your arms (Ah)
I long for my freedom (Ah)
[Chorus]
All we ever had is hunger (Hunger, hunger)
All we never get is power (Hunger, hunger,
oh)
Would you ever feed each other?
Eh-oh-eh-oh (Do we ever have power?)
All we ever had is hunger
Hunger, oh

[Pre-Chorus] [Bridge]
In many ways, we're not the same, but in A-yo, a-yo, a-yo
some ways, we are Oh, a-yo
Looking for something new in the skin of an A-yo, a-yo, a-yo
avatar (Hunger)
A-yo, a-yo, a-yo
[Chorus] Oh, a-yo
All we ever had is hunger (Hunger, hunger) A-yo, a-yo, a-yo
All we never get is power (Hunger, hunger) (Hunger)
Would you ever feed each other?
Eh-oh-eh-oh (Do we ever have power?) [Chorus]
All we ever had is hunger All we ever had is hunger (Hunger, hunger,
Hunger, oh oh)
All we never get is power (Hunger, hunger,
[Verse 2] oh)
Your body is a garden Would you ever feed each other?
Cared for or forgotten Eh-oh-eh-oh (Do we ever have power?)
Kill me with medicine All we ever had is hunger
Heal me with poison Hunger, oh

[Pre-Chorus]
Imagine all the naked people under work [Outro]
machines Hunger
If I could not open my mouth, then would Oh, oh
you talk for me? Hunger
1. Structural Metaphors 2

2. Orientational Metaphors 5

3. Ontological Metaphors 11
6. Soulless Creatures
[Verse 1]
Never knew this curious head of mine
Never knew what is love if kept inside
Nothing but an endless, empty heart
Like laying a seed within the dark
[Pre-Chorus]
Give me a piece of your heart, of your heart
Give me a piece of your hands as we go
[Chorus]
I wouldn't mind if I can't find, I can't find
Anything to save our kind
All the pieces of my body's gone
Look at me now, don't tell me how I feel
inside
Every pieces that I've lost, I have loved
[Verse 2]
Come, my wonders, after dawn restores
Waiting for the world to turn once more
Listening to the deep magnetic sound
Hunting for a victim, lying down
[Pre-Chorus]
Come back to me after peace restores
Soulless creatures
[Chorus 2]
Fearsome hearts, I wouldn't lie
I got memories that travels my mind
Fear not, fear not when you go
I got pieces of your hate in my soul
Look at me now (Look at me now)
I'm falling apart in daylight
All the pieces that I've lost, I have loved
[Bridge]
Eh-eh-ah, eh-eh-ah, oh-eh-ah, oh
Eh-eh-ah, eh-eh-ah, oh-eh-ah
Eh-eh-ah, eh-eh-ah, oh-eh-ah
Ah
Heya, oh, heya
Heya, oh, heya
Heya, heya, oh
[Chorus]
I wouldn't mind if I can't find, I can't find
Anything to save our kind
All the pieces of my body's gone
Look at me now (Look at me now)
I'm falling apart in daylight
All the pieces that I've lost, I have loved
[Outro]
Look at me now (Look at me now)
I gave both sides of me
I give both sides of me
I give both sides of me, oh
1. Structural Metaphors

2. Orientational Metaphors

3. Ontological Metaphors
7. In Bottles
[Verse 1] Oh, oh-oh
I put my tears in bottles Oh, oh-oh
In case if I need them later Under your spine
You never know, you never know Oh, oh-oh
And if I get thirsty Oh, oh-oh
Will they make me sad forever? Under your spine
Forever?
[Bridge]
[Chorus] Mmm, ah
Oh, cover your eyes Mmm, ooh
Cover your eyes (I watch you sleep with open)
Hide me inside, under your spine (I watch you sleep with open eyes)
Under your spine (I watch you sleep with open)
Oh
[Post-Chorus]
Oh, oh-oh [Chorus]
Oh, oh-oh Oh, cover your eyes
Oh, oh-oh Cover your eyes
Oh Hide me inside, under your spine
Under your spine
[Verse 2]
I will kindly watch you sleep
I find out that your eyes are open [Post-Chorus]
I hide other pieces that you never would Oh, oh-oh
have liked Oh, oh-oh
If you knew about them Under your spine
So I hide my children Oh, oh-oh
Oh, oh-oh
[Chorus] (Under your spine)
Oh, cover your eyes
Cover your eyes [Outro]
Hide me inside, under your spine Down your spine, down your spine
Under your spine Down your spine, down your spine
Oh, oh-oh
[Post-Chorus] Under your spine
1. Structural Metaphors 2

2. Orientational Metaphors 2

3. Ontological Metaphors 3
8. A Different Kind of Human
[Intro]
Hello? Hello? [Post-Chorus]
Hello? Hello? Hello? Omega hai foleet, Omega hai foleet
Hello? Hello? Omega toneca, Omega for let in
Hello? Hello? Hello? Omega hai foleet, Omega hai foleet
Omega toneca, Omega for let in
[Verse 1]
Are you awake or are you sleeping? [Bridge]
Are you afraid? We've been waiting for this There is a flaw in man-made matters
meeting But you are pure, and we have to get you
Oh, Superman, are you with me when I am out of here
too weak?
Oh, Mother, are you dreaming of me in your [Chorus]
sleep? We have come here for you, and we're
coming in peace
[Chorus] Mothership will take you on higher, higher
We have come here for you, and we're This world you live in is not a place for
coming in peace someone like you
Mothership will take you on higher, higher Come on let us take you home
This world you live in is not a place for We have come here for you, and we're
someone like you coming in peace
Come on, let us take you home Mothership will take you on higher, higher
This world you live in is not a place for
[Verse 2] someone like you
It's time to go, you are infected Come on, let us take you home
Come as you are, don't be scared of us,
you'll be protected [Post-Chorus]
(Protected, protected) Omega hai foleet, Omega hai foleet
I guess you are a different kind of human Omega toneca, Omega for let in
I guess you are a different kind of human Omega hai foleet, Omega hai foleet
Omega toneca, Omega for let in
[Chorus]
We have come here for you, and we're
coming in peace [Outro]
Mothership will take you on higher, higher Hello? Hello?
This world you live in is not a place for Hello? Hello?
someone like you Is anyone out there?
Come on, let us take you home Am I home? Am I home?
1. Structural Metaphors 1

2. Orientational Metaphors 4

3. Ontological Metaphors 5
9. Apple Tree
[Verse 1]
All of my life I've been hunting
I've been a girl, I've been a boy
Digging my feet into the ground like an
apple tree
Wanting to live with a purpose
Skin is a word, love is not a sin
People are bad, people are good
Just like the moon is a stone
But it's a star when it's dark and now she's
hiding
[Pre-Chorus]
If you've seen what a heart is, you've seen
its color
If I ever knew how we could guide it
I would take care of its children, become
their mother
If I ever knew how we could hide it, hide it
(Ah-ah)
[Chorus]
Let her save the world, she is just a girl
Let him save them all, he is just a boy
Let her save the world, she is just a girl
Let him save them all, he is just a boy
[Verse 2]
Hunger is quiet if you do it right
Hunter is loud and predictable, scaring away
every prey
So they're gone before the hunter arrives
Would you be kind and put away your
sword?
You cannot cut away what we've got
You cannot kill what we are
We are not here in physical form
[Pre-Chorus]
You've seen where the knife is, its dark
location
If I ever knew how we could guide it
I will cut into our anger, make pure emotion
If I ever knew how we could hide it, hide it
(Ah-ah)
[Chorus]
Let her save the world, she is just a girl
Let him save them all, he is just a boy
Let her save the world, she is just a girl
Let him save them all, he is just a boy
[Bridge]
Ah, ah
Oh, oh
Ah, ah
Can you carry the weight of mortality? (Oh,
oh)
The explosions around you is your
symphony
[Chorus]
(Ah, ah) Let her save the world, she is just a
girl
(Oh, oh) Let him save them all, he is just a
boy
(Ah, ah) Let her save the world, she is just a
girl
(Oh, oh) Let him save them all, he is just a
boy
1. Structural Metaphors 9

2. Orientational Metaphors 4

3. Ontological Metaphors 8
10. The Seed
[Verse 1]
Just like the seed
I don't know where to go
Through dirt and shadow, I grow
I'm reaching light through the struggle
Just like the sea
I'm chasing the wonder
I unravel myself
All in slow motion
[Chorus]
You cannot eat money, oh no
You cannot eat money, oh no
When the last tree has fallen
And the rivers are poisoned
You cannot eat money, oh no
You cannot eat money, oh no
You cannot eat money, oh no
When the last tree has fallen
And the rivers are poisoned
You cannot eat money, oh no
Oh no
[Verse 2]
Suffocate me
So my tears can be rain
I will water the ground where I stand
So the flowers can grow back again
'Cause just like the sea
Everything wants to live
We are burning our fingers
But we learn and forgive, ah
[Chorus]
You cannot eat money, oh no
You cannot eat money, oh no
When the last tree has fallen
And the rivers are poisoned
You cannot eat money, oh no
You cannot eat money, oh no
You cannot eat money, oh no
When the last tree has fallen
And the rivers are poisoned
You cannot eat money, oh no
Oh no
[Bridge]
Feed me sunlight, feed me air
(In a place where nothing matters)
Feed me truth and feed me prayers
(Dancing around a shooting star)
(And every cell remembers what have taken
us this far)
Feed me sunlight, feed me air
(I see images of killer whales)
Feed me truth and feed me prayers
(Sleeping in a desert trail)
(Dreaming of a parallel world where nothing
ever hurts)
(Dreaming of a parallel world where nothing
ever hurts)
[Chorus]
You cannot eat money, oh no
You cannot eat money, oh no
When the last tree has fallen
And the rivers are poisoned
You cannot eat money, oh no
You cannot eat money, oh no
You cannot eat money, oh no
When the last tree has fallen
And the rivers are poisoned
You cannot eat money, oh no
Oh no
1. Structural Metaphors

2. Orientational Metaphors

3. Ontological Metaphors
11. Mothership
[Intro]
Am I home? Mmm

[Verse]
Mmm, mmm (Ooh, ooh)
Mmm, mmm (Ooh)
Oh, ah
Mmm, mmm
Am I, am I, am I?
(Am I?) Hello?
Am I, am I, am I?
(Eh, am I?)
You are home
You are home, hmm
(Omega hai foleet, omega hai foleet)
(Omega toneca, omega for let in)
You are home, you are home
(Omega hai foleet, omega hai foleet)
(Omega toneca, omega for let in)
In it, the world will not hurt
The good ones always die
So that is why we bring them here
Now you are home
1. Structural Metaphors

2. Orientational Metaphors

3. Ontological Metaphors